KR20170139344A - Apparatus for fractionating gas collection and this using method - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a distillation device for gas collection and a distillation method using the same, wherein the distillation device for gas collection comprises: a distillation tower in which a feed gas inlet for feeding a feed gas, which is a gas to be reacted, for trapping a gas necessary for forming a space in the lower portion of the distillation tower, and a distillation tower having an absorption liquid inlet for injecting an absorption liquid is provided; and a packing having different surface areas for the feed gas and the absorption liquid to react with each other so that performance optimization can be possible even in the change of properties by using various concentrations of feed gas and various performance absorbers without modification or remanufacturing of the process.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a distillation apparatus for gas collection,

A distillation apparatus for distilling a gas to be recovered from a gas containing a gas to be recovered and a distillation method using the same.

Generally, in the process of recovering a part of the gas having high absorption or evaporation property by using the absorption liquid, conventionally, the concentration of the feed gas is changed or the absorption liquid having different performance is used, The diameter was varied to adapt the process equipment to the incoming concentration and performance.

That is, a conventional distillation column utilizes a random packing and a structured packing for the purpose of improving mass transfer in order to absorb and separate useful components in a gas, And the standard of the selected filling material can be disposed in a uniform manner. If the concentration of the introduced gas is changed, it is inevitable to rebuild the apparatus, thereby increasing the cost.

For example, when separating a gas substance of varying concentration or using an absorption liquid having a different performance, or if the diameter of the distillation column is not changed or the packing is not changed, excessive reaction heat is generated at the bottom of the distillation tower, Is deformed or is not absorbed or reacts violently at the lower end to consume the substance itself, thereby changing the liquid / gas molar ratio at the upper end, thereby causing a change in air pressure in the middle of the distillation column.

Therefore, when the concentration of the gas to be reacted (feed gas) and the change in the performance of the absorption liquid occur, it may become a problem in terms of stabilization of the process.

The present invention provides a gas collecting distillation apparatus capable of using various concentrations of feed gas and various performance absorbing solutions without changing or re-manufacturing the process, and capable of optimizing the performance of the feed gas even in the change of properties of the feed gas, and a distillation method using the same.

The distillation apparatus for gas collection has a feed gas inlet for injecting a feed gas, which is a gas to be reacted, for collecting a necessary gas at one side of the lower side thereof while forming a space therein, and an absorption liquid, which reacts with the feed gas, A distillation tower having an absorption liquid inlet for injecting; And a packing disposed at the lower portion of the distillation tower, the packing having different surface areas so that the feed gas and the absorption liquid can react with each other.

The packing comprises a lower packing disposed at the bottom of the distillation column with a minimum hydraulic load (a) representing the ratio of surface area / volume.

The packing includes a middle packing in which the hydrolytic load value (a) is larger than the lower packing and is disposed in the middle of the distillation column.

The packing comprises an upper packing in which the hydrolytic load value (a) is larger than the middle packing and disposed on top of the distillation column.

The lower packing is in contact with the feed gas injected into the lower portion of the distillation column to react.

The upper packing is in contact with the absorption liquid injected into the upper portion of the distillation column to react.

The feed gas inlet of the distillation tower has a structure in which the position of the feed gas inlet can be adjusted according to the concentration and flow rate variation of the feed gas over time.

The absorption liquid inlet of the distillation tower is a structure capable of adjusting its position depending on the type of the absorption liquid having different performance.

A distillation method using a gas collecting distillation apparatus includes: a step of installing a distillation column so that a feed gas and an absorption liquid are injected to collect necessary gas through a reaction through a plurality of packing having various surface areas; A feed gas and an absorbing solution injecting various concentrations of feed gas into a feed gas inlet provided at a lower side of the distillation tower and injecting an absorbing solution of various performances into an absorbing solution inlet provided at an upper side of the distillation tower; And a distillation step in which the feed gas and the absorption liquid are injected into the distillation column to react with each other while passing through the lower and upper packings with different surface areas, thereby collecting the necessary gas.

Wherein the lower packing having the lowest hydrolytic value (a) indicating the ratio of the surface area to the volume in the distillation column installation step is disposed at the lower end of the distillation column and the middle packing having a larger hydro load value (a) Is arranged in the middle of the distillation column, and the upper packing having a larger hydrolytic value (a) than the middle packing is disposed on the upper part of the distillation column.

In the step of injecting the feed gas and the absorbing liquid, a high concentration feed gas is injected into the lower part of the distillation tower to react with the lower packing, and the absorbing solution is injected into the upper part of the distillation tower.

In the step of injecting the feed gas and the absorbing liquid, a feed gas is injected into the lower part of the distillation column to react with the lower packing, and a high performance absorbing solution is injected into the upper part of the distillation column to react with the upper packing.

The position and height of the feed gas inlet of the distillation tower can be variably selected and arranged in accordance with the variation of the concentration and flow rate of the feed gas over time in the step of installing the distillation tower.

The position and height of the absorption liquid inlet of the distillation tower can be variably selected and arranged depending on the type of the absorption liquid having different performance in the step of installing the distillation column.

According to the present apparatus and method, it is possible to use feed gas (reaction target gas) of various concentrations and an absorption liquid having various performances without changing or remanufacturing the process in the gas collecting step, It is possible to prevent the interruption of the progressing process while improving the stability of the gas collection process.

1 is a schematic view showing a gas collecting distillation apparatus according to this embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing still another structure of the gas collecting distillation apparatus according to the present embodiment.
3 is a flowchart showing a process of a distillation method using a gas collecting distillation apparatus according to the present embodiment.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular forms as used herein include plural forms as long as the phrases do not expressly express the opposite meaning thereto. Means that a particular feature, region, integer, step, operation, element and / or component is specified, and that other specific features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / And the like.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Accordingly, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

1 is a schematic view showing a gas collecting distillation apparatus according to this embodiment.

1, the gas collecting distillation apparatus comprises a distillation column 10 and a packing provided inside the distillation column 10, and a feed gas containing a gas to be recovered is supplied to the lower portion of the distillation column 10 And an absorption liquid for absorbing the gas to be recovered is injected into the upper part of the distillation tower 10, so that the feed gas and the absorption liquid react with each other through the packing to collect the gas to be recovered.

That is, the distillation tower 10 of the gas collecting distillation apparatus is provided with a feed gas inlet 11 for injecting a feed gas, which is a gas to be reacted, An absorption liquid inlet 12 is provided at one side to inject an absorbing liquid which reacts with the feed gas.

The packing provided in the distillation column 10 is disposed at the height of the upper portion of the distillation column 10 and has different surface areas so that the feed gas and the absorbing liquid can react with each other.

That is, the packing surface area in the distillation column 10 can be variously arranged so as to be suitable for the absorption liquid of various performances used for removing various concentrations of gas components.

Here, the packing may include a lower packing 21 disposed at a lower portion of the distillation column 10 with a minimum hydraulic load (a) representing a ratio of surface area / volume, (A) is larger than the lower packing (21) and is disposed in the middle of the distillation column (10), the packing being characterized in that the hydrolytic load value (a) And an upper packing 23 that is larger than the middle packing 22 and disposed on the upper portion of the distillation tower 10.

For example, when the packing with different hydraulic load values (a) is arranged for each height, that is, the lower end of the distillation tower 10 has a smaller a value and the upper end has a larger a value, The efficiency can be improved.

The lower packing 21 may be in contact with and react with the high concentration feed gas injected into the lower portion of the distillation column 10. The upper packing 23 may be a high performance absorbing liquid injected into the upper portion of the distillation column 10, May be in contact and react.

Therefore, when the high concentration feed gas is injected into the distillation column 10, the reaction of the lower packing 21 is most intense By arranging it at the bottom of the distillation column 10, the reaction heat can be reduced and the process can be more stabilized. By lowering the reaction rate at the lower end, the change in the liquid / gas molar ratio at the upper end portion is minimized, Can be improved.

Further, when a high performance absorbing liquid is used in the distillation tower 10, since the contact area of the upper part is large, more reaction can be induced from the upper part, and the process efficiency can be improved.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing still another structure of the gas collecting distillation apparatus according to the present embodiment.

2, the feed gas inlet 11 of the distillation tower 10 can adjust its position in accordance with the time-dependent concentration and flow rate of the feed gas, and the absorption liquid inlet 12 of the distillation tower 10 The position of which can be adjusted in accordance with the type of the absorbing liquid whose performance is different, and the position and height of the injection port of the feed gas or absorbing liquid can be variably selected.

In other words, the concentration and the flow rate of the feed gas vary with time according to the process. At this time, by varying the height of the feed gas inlet 11 and the absorption liquid inlet 12, As described above, the preliminary simulation or the like is performed so as to optimize the performance of the packing arranged in the upper part of the distillation tower 10 to derive the utilized part of the whole packing, and the feed position of the feed gas or the absorbing liquid can be selected accordingly.

Preferably, the feed gas inlet (11) is designed to be positioned lower when the concentration of the feed gas is high, and the absorption liquid inlet (12) is designed to be positioned lower when the absorption liquid has high performance.

3 is a flowchart showing a process of a distillation method using a gas collecting distillation apparatus according to the present embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 3, the distillation method using the gas collecting distillation apparatus includes a step of installing a distillation column to collect a necessary gas through a reaction through a plurality of packings having various surface areas by injecting a feed gas and an absorption liquid (S1); A feed gas having various concentrations is injected into a feed gas inlet 11 provided at a lower side of the distillation tower 10 and a feed gas injected with various performance absorbing solutions into an absorption liquid inlet 12 provided at one side of an upper portion of the distillation tower 10 And an absorption liquid injection step (S2); And a distillation step in which the feed gas and the absorption liquid are injected into the distillation tower 10 to react with each other while passing through the lower packing 21 and the middle packing 22 and the upper packing 23 having different surface areas, S3) < / RTI >

The lower packing 21 having the lowest hydrolyzed load value a indicating the surface area / volume ratio in the distillation column installation step S1 is disposed at the lower end of the distillation tower 10, and the lower packing 21 The middle packing 22 having a larger hydro load value a than the middle packing 22 is disposed in the middle portion of the distillation tower 10 and the upper packing 23 having a larger hydro load value a than the middle packing 22, ) May be disposed on the upper portion of the distillation column 10.

The high concentration feed gas is injected into the lower portion of the distillation tower 10 in the feed gas and the absorbing solution injecting step S2 to react with the lower packing 21. The absorption fluid is injected into the upper portion of the distillation tower 10, And reacts as it contacts the upper packing 23.

A feed gas is injected into the lower part of the distillation tower 10 in the feed gas and the absorption liquid injection step S2 to react with the lower packing 21 and a high performance absorption liquid is injected into the upper part of the distillation tower 10, And reacts as it contacts the upper packing 23.

Meanwhile, the position and height of the feed gas inlet of the distillation tower 10 can be variably selected and arranged in accordance with the variation of the concentration and flow rate of the feed gas over time in the step of installing the distillation column (S1).

The position and height of the absorption liquid inlet 12 of the distillation tower 10 can be variably selected and arranged depending on the type of the absorption liquid having different performance in the step of installing the distillation tower S1.

That is, the feed gas inlet 11 may be designed to be positioned lower when the concentration of the feed gas is high, and the absorption liquid inlet 12 may be designed to be positioned lower when the absorption liquid has high performance.

Here, in the distillation method using the gas collecting distillation apparatus, various types of the packing are arranged in various ways, or injection positions of the feed gas or the absorbing liquid are varied to prevent a decrease in process efficiency.

Particularly, in the present embodiment, the ratio of the surface area / volume of the packing used for improving the contact efficiency between the feed gas and the absorbing liquid in the distillation column 10 is differently designed by operating the gas- It is not necessary to design the diameter of the distillation column 10 differently depending on the concentration of the feed gas and the performance of the absorption liquid or to install a reflux line.

In addition, it is possible to improve the mass transfer efficiency, thereby increasing the separation rate of the feed gas, improving the process stability, and securing the economical efficiency of the process operation cost by reducing the absorption liquid cost.

Therefore, even if the concentration of the feed gas and the performance of the absorption liquid are changed through the gas collecting distillation apparatus and the distillation method using the gas collecting apparatus, the packing can be replaced or the height of the distillation tower 10 can be changed, For this unnecessary and fluctuating feed gas concentration and flow rate, the liquid / gas molar ratio of the absorption liquid and the feed gas is kept constant to optimize the absorption performance, the liquid flooding or the gas pressure drop phenomenon And the problem of excessive heat at the bottom of the absorption liquid can be suppressed in advance.

This embodiment will be described in the following table.

division
기자 가스
(CO₂ concentration) Absorption liquid
(Performance) Surface area / packing volume ratio Gas inlet location (bottom) Gas capture rate
(efficiency) bottom Central Top Comparative Example 8% Amine system 3.2 100cm 89% Example 1 12% Amine system 2.6 3.2 3.8 100cm 93% Example 2 8% Potassium carbonate series 2.6 3.2 3.8 100cm 96%

Example 3


5% Amine system 2.6 3.2 3.8 100cm 87% 5% ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ 140cm 90% 8% ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ 100cm 89% 8% ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ 60cm 87% 12% ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ 100cm 93% 12% ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ 60cm 95%

In the first embodiment, a high concentration (12%) feed gas is injected into the distillation column 10 having different surface area / packing volume ratios according to the position, thereby improving the collection efficiency. Due to the reduction of reaction heat generated in the lower portion of the distillation column 10, And the reaction speed at the upper part is improved, and the efficiency is improved.

(Calcium carbonate-based) absorption liquid was added to the distillation column 10 having different surface area / packing volume ratios according to position in Example 2, and the collection efficiency was improved. When the high performance absorption liquid was introduced, And the efficiency is improved.

In the third embodiment, the collection efficiency is improved by optimizing the position of the injection port according to the concentration of the feed gas, and the collection efficiency is improved by reducing the reaction path in the distillation column 10 through the low concentration (5%) feed gas .

Therefore, it is possible to use feed gas of various concentration and absorption capacity of various performance without changing or re-manufacturing the process in the gas collection process, and performance optimization can be performed even in the change of property of feed gas. It is possible to prevent the interruption of the progressing process while improving it.

While the illustrative embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, various modifications and alternative embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art. Such variations and other embodiments will be considered and included in the appended claims, all without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention.

10: distillation column 11: feed gas inlet
12: Absorbing solution inlet 21: Lower packing
22: Middle packing 23: Upper packing

Claims (14)

A feed gas inlet port for injecting a feed gas, which is a gas to be reacted, for trapping a gas necessary for forming a space in the lower part of the distillation tower, and a distillation tower having an absorption liquid inlet port for injecting an absorption liquid, ; And
And a packing disposed at the lower portion of the distillation tower, the packing having different surface areas so that the feed gas and the absorbing solution can react with each other. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the packing comprises a lower packing disposed at a lower portion of the distillation column with a minimum hydraulic load (a) representing a ratio of surface area / volume. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the packing comprises a middle packing in which the hydrolytic load value (a) is greater than the lower packing and is located in the middle of the distillation column. The method of claim 3,
Wherein the packing comprises an upper packing having a hydro load value (a) greater than the middle packing and disposed on top of the distillation column. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the lower packing is in contact with the feed gas injected to the lower portion of the distillation column to react. 5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the upper packing is in contact with the absorption liquid injected into the upper portion of the distillation column to react. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the feed gas inlet of the distillation column is adjustable in accordance with the concentration and flow rate of the feed gas over time. The method according to claim 1,
And the position of the absorption liquid inlet of the distillation tower can be adjusted according to the type of the absorption liquid having different performance. A step (S1) of installing a distillation column (S1) which allows a feed gas and an absorption liquid to be injected to collect necessary gas through a reaction through a plurality of packings having various surface areas;
A feed gas and an absorption liquid injection step (S2) in which a feed gas having various concentrations is injected into a feed gas injection port provided at a lower side of the distillation tower and at the same time, an absorption liquid having various performances is injected into an absorption liquid injection port provided at an upper side of the distillation tower; And
And a distillation step (S3) in which the feed gas and the absorption liquid are injected into the distillation column to react with each other while passing through the lower and upper packings with different surface areas, thereby collecting the required gas Distillation method. 10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the lower packing having the smallest hydrolytic load value (a) indicating the surface area / volume ratio in the distillation column installation step (S1) is disposed at the lower end of the distillation column, and the hydrolytic load value (a) Wherein the middle packing is disposed in a middle portion of the distillation column, and the upper packing having a larger hydrolytic value (a) than the middle packing is disposed on the upper portion of the distillation column. 10. The method of claim 9,
In the step of injecting the feed gas and the absorbing liquid, a high concentration feed gas is injected into the lower part of the distillation column to be in contact with the lower packing, and the absorbing liquid is injected into the upper part of the distillation tower, Distillation method using collecting distillation apparatus. 10. The method of claim 9,
In the step of injecting the feed gas and the absorbing solution, a feed gas is injected into the lower part of the distillation column to react with the lower packing, and a high-performance absorbing solution is injected into the upper part of the distillation tower, Distillation method using collecting distillation apparatus. 10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the position and height of the feed gas inlet of the distillation tower can be variably selected and arranged in accordance with the variation of the concentration and flow rate of the feed gas in the step (S1) of the distillation tower. 10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the position and height of the absorption liquid inlet of the distillation tower can be variably selected and arranged according to the type of the absorption liquid having different performance in the step (S1) of installing the distillation column.

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