JP2005224721A - Liquid dispersion apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To evenly disperse a liquid and heighten the separation efficiency of a distillation tower. <P>SOLUTION: The liquid dispersion apparatus comprises a plurality of distribution grooves arranged in parallel to one another and each composed of a bottom wall, side walls, and end walls 69 and having an opened upper end and liquid walls 58 arranged in parallel to the side walls adjacently to the respective distribution grooves. A plurality of overflowing bars are formed on the upper rims of the side walls. In this case, since the liquid walls 58 are arranged adjacently to the respective distribution grooves and a plurality of overflowing bars are formed on the upper rims of the side walls of the distribution grooves, a liquid in the distribution grooves overflows at the overflowing bars and is thus dispersed. Accordingly, even if a liquid having a clogging property or a liquid containing a mixture of a clogging material, a pollutant, or the like is used, the overflowing bars are not clogged and the liquid can be dispersed evenly. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a liquid dispersion apparatus.

    Conventionally, in a process apparatus, for example, a distillation apparatus, a distillation column is used to separate each component from a stock solution containing multiple components.

  FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of a conventional distillation column.

  In the figure, 11 is a distillation column, and a supply port 13 to which, for example, a stock solution M containing two components A and B is supplied is formed at a substantially central position in the height direction of the column main body 12 of the distillation column 11. The Component A has a lower boiling point than Component B. In the tower body 12, a concentration unit AR11 is formed above the supply port 13, and a recovery unit AR12 is formed below the supply port 13. The concentration unit AR11 and the recovery unit AR12 constitute a plurality of theoretical plates.

  In the recovery unit AR12, the stock solution M descends, generating vapor rich in the component A toward the upper side and generating liquid rich in the component B toward the lower side, and the liquid rich in the component B descends. Then, the liquid rich in component B is discharged as bottoms from a bottoms outlet (not shown) at the bottom of the tower body 12. A part of the bottoms is sent to an evaporator (not shown), converted into vapor by the evaporator, and supplied into the tower body 12 through a steam inlet 14 formed below the recovery unit AR12. Subsequently, the steam is supplied to the recovery unit AR12 and contacts the stock solution M while rising in the recovery unit AR12, and generates a steam rich in component A from the stock solution M.

  Then, the vapor rich in the component A is supplied to the concentration unit AR11, rises in the concentration unit AR11, and is discharged from the vapor outlet 15 at the top of the tower body 12. Subsequently, the vapor rich in component A is sent to a condenser (not shown), condensed in the condenser, becomes a liquid rich in component A, and is discharged as a distillate.

  Further, in order to increase the separation performance representing the process performance of the distillation column 11, a part of the distillate is refluxed as a reflux liquid to the concentration part AR11. For this purpose, a reflux liquid inlet 16 is formed above the concentration part AR11, and the reflux liquid is supplied to the concentration part AR11 through the reflux liquid inlet 16. Along with this, the vapor rich in component A rising in the concentrating part AR11 is brought into contact with the liquid rich in component A, and the concentration of component A is increased.

  By the way, in the distillation tower 11 having the above-described configuration, the concentrating part AR11 and the recovery part AR12 are filled with a regular packing as a packed product. In the distillation column 11 packed with the regular packing, the separation performance is high regardless of the inner diameter of the column main body 12 (hereinafter referred to as “column diameter”). The value HETP representing the height (hereinafter referred to as “filling height”) and the value ΔP representing the pressure loss per theoretical plate can be reduced. In order to improve the separation performance, the liquid descending in the distillation column 11 is uniformly dispersed in the horizontal direction of the column main body 12.

  That is, in order to disperse the reflux liquid supplied via the reflux liquid inlet 16 toward the concentration part AR11, a tubular liquid dispersion device 21 is disposed above the concentration part AR11 and descends from the concentration part AR11. In order to collect the liquid and the stock solution M supplied via the supply port 13, a laminar liquid collecting device 22 is disposed below the concentrating unit AR11, and the liquid collected by the liquid collecting device 22 is collected. In order to disperse toward the AR 12, an open groove type liquid dispersion device 23 is disposed above the recovery unit AR 12.

  The liquid dispersion device 21 is open at its upper end and vertically extends in the center of the tower body 12 to store liquid discharged from a discharge pipe 24 connected to the reflux liquid inlet 16. An open hydrostatic stand pipe 25 that generates a predetermined water head pressure, a main header 26 that extends in the horizontal direction at the lower end of the stand pipe 25 and distributes the liquid in the stand pipe 25 in the radial direction, and A plurality of arm tubes 27 connected to the main header 26 and extending in the horizontal direction and distributing the liquid in the main header 26 in a direction perpendicular to the main header 26 are provided. A plurality of dispersion ports (not shown) for dispersing the liquid are formed at the bottom of the arm tube 27. Accordingly, the reflux liquid refluxed through the reflux liquid inlet 16 is accumulated in the stand pipe 25 and dispersed toward the concentration unit AR11 through the main header 26 and the arm tube 27.

  The liquid collecting device 22 is installed in parallel with each other at a predetermined pitch between a collector box 29 that forms a liquid collecting groove 28 along the inner periphery of the tower body 12 and an opposing portion of the collector box 29. A plurality of collector laminas 31 are provided, and the liquid collected by each collector lamina 31 is sent to the liquid collection groove 28.

The liquid dispersing device 23 is extended in the horizontal direction at the lower end of the discharge pipe 32 communicated with the liquid collecting groove 28, the upper end is opened, and is discharged from the discharge pipe 32. The first distribution groove 33 that accumulates liquid and distributes in the radial direction, and extends in the horizontal direction directly below the first distribution groove 33, and the upper end is opened in the system of the tower body 12, A plurality of second distribution grooves 34 that distribute liquid in the distribution grooves 33 in a direction perpendicular to the first distribution grooves 33 are provided. A plurality of dispersion ports (not shown) for dispersing the liquid are formed at the bottom of the second distribution groove 34. Therefore, the liquid sent to the liquid collecting groove 28 is accumulated in the first distribution groove 33 via the discharge pipe 32 together with the stock solution M supplied via the supply port 13, and is then supplied via the second distribution groove 34. And dispersed toward the recovery unit AR12 (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2003-103104 A

  However, in each of the conventional liquid dispersion devices 21 and 23, the liquid is dispersed from the respective dispersion ports formed in the bottoms of the arm tube 27, the second distribution groove 34, and the like. For example, if a liquid having a blocking property is dispersed, the dispersion port may be blocked. In this case, the liquid cannot be uniformly dispersed, and a drift phenomenon (mal distribution) occurs. Or the pressure loss increases, and the separation performance of the distillation column 11 decreases accordingly.

  Thus, for example, it is conceivable to form a distribution port on the side wall of the second distribution groove 34 and to disperse the liquid from the distribution port to the side. It is necessary to secure a point (position of the dispersion port), and the structure of the liquid dispersion device 23 becomes complicated. Further, since the liquid that is dispersed and descends is covered by the rising vapor, the liquid cannot be uniformly dispersed, a drift phenomenon occurs, and the separation performance of the distillation column 11 is lowered accordingly.

  An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the conventional liquid dispersion device 23 and to provide a liquid dispersion device that can uniformly disperse a liquid and improve the separation performance of a distillation column. To do.

  Therefore, in the liquid dispersion apparatus of the present invention, a plurality of distribution grooves, which are arranged in parallel with each other and are composed of a bottom wall, a side wall, and an end wall, and whose upper ends are opened, are adjacent to the distribution grooves, and A liquid wall disposed in parallel with the side wall.

  A plurality of overflow weirs are formed on the upper edge of the side wall.

  In another liquid dispersion apparatus of the present invention, a flow path is further formed between the distribution groove and the liquid wall. Then, the upper end of the flow path is opened.

  In still another liquid dispersion apparatus of the present invention, the overflow weir is further formed on one of the two side walls.

  In still another liquid dispersion apparatus of the present invention, the first distance between the one side wall and the liquid wall is shorter than the second distance between the other side wall and the liquid wall.

  In still another liquid dispersion apparatus of the present invention, two liquid walls are disposed between the distribution grooves adjacent to each other. A plurality of overflow weirs are formed at the upper edge of each side wall of the distribution groove.

  In still another liquid dispersion apparatus of the present invention, the first and second distances between the side walls and the liquid walls are shorter than a third distance between two adjacent liquid walls.

  In another liquid dispersion apparatus of the present invention, another distribution groove is further formed on the upstream side of each distribution groove. The liquid in the other distribution groove is distributed to the distribution grooves.

  According to the present invention, in the liquid dispersion apparatus, a plurality of distribution grooves, which are arranged in parallel with each other and are composed of a bottom wall, a side wall, and an end wall, and whose upper ends are opened, are adjacent to the distribution grooves, and A liquid wall disposed in parallel with the side wall.

  A plurality of overflow weirs are formed at the upper edge of the side wall.

  In this case, a liquid wall is disposed adjacent to each distribution groove, and a plurality of overflow weirs are formed on the upper edge of the side wall of the distribution groove, so that the liquid in the distribution groove overflows in the overflow weir, Be distributed. Therefore, even if a liquid having an occlusive property is used or a liquid in which an obstructed substance, a dirty object or the like is mixed is used, the overflow weir is not obstructed and the liquid is uniformly dispersed. be able to. As a result, the drift phenomenon does not occur and the pressure loss does not increase, and the separation performance of the distillation column can be improved.

  In addition, after the liquid collides with the liquid wall, it spreads in the length direction and reaches the lower edge, so the number of drip points increases while moving on the liquid wall, and the lower edge becomes a substantially continuous line. Drip from. As a result, many drip points can be secured without complicating the structure of the liquid dispersion device.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a main part of a liquid dispersion apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of a distillation column according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the liquid dispersing apparatus in the first embodiment, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged view showing the main part of the liquid dispersing apparatus in the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a first example of the notch weir in the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a first example of the lower edge of the liquid wall in the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a view for explaining the operation of the liquid dispersion apparatus in the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a view showing a second example of the notch weir in the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 shows a third example of the notch weir in the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 12 shows the lower edge of the liquid wall in the first embodiment of the present invention. The figure which shows a 2nd example, FIG. 13 is a figure which shows the 3rd example of the lower edge of the liquid wall in the 1st Embodiment of this invention, FIG. 14 is the liquid wall in the 1st Embodiment of this invention It is a figure which shows the 4th example of the lower edge.

  In the figure, 11 is a distillation column, and a stock solution M containing, for example, two components A and B as the first and second components is provided at approximately the center in the height direction of the column body 12 of the distillation column 11. A supply port 13 to be supplied is formed. Component A has a lower boiling point than Component B. In the tower body 12, a concentration unit AR11 is formed above the supply port 13, and a recovery unit AR12 is formed below the supply port 13. The concentration unit AR11 and the recovery unit AR12 constitute a plurality of theoretical plates.

  In the recovery unit AR12, the stock solution M descends, generating vapor rich in the component A toward the upper side and generating liquid rich in the component B toward the lower side, and the liquid rich in the component B descends. Then, the liquid rich in component B is discharged as bottoms from a bottoms outlet (not shown) at the bottom of the tower body 12. A part of the bottoms is sent to an evaporator (not shown), converted into vapor by the evaporator, and supplied into the tower body 12 through a steam inlet 14 formed below the recovery unit AR12. Subsequently, the steam is supplied to the recovery unit AR12 and contacts the stock solution M while rising in the recovery unit AR12, and generates a steam rich in component A from the stock solution M.

  Then, the vapor rich in the component A is supplied to the concentration unit AR11, rises in the concentration unit AR11, and is discharged from the vapor outlet 15 at the top of the tower body 12. Subsequently, the vapor rich in component A is sent to a condenser (not shown), condensed in the condenser, becomes a liquid rich in component A, and is discharged as a distillate.

  Further, in order to increase the separation performance representing the process performance of the distillation column 11, a part of the distillate is refluxed as a reflux liquid to the concentration part AR11. For this purpose, a reflux liquid inlet 16 is formed above the concentration part AR11, and the reflux liquid is supplied to the concentration part AR11 through the reflux liquid inlet 16. Along with this, the vapor rich in component A rising in the concentrating part AR11 is brought into contact with the liquid rich in component A, and the concentration of component A is increased.

  By the way, in the distillation column 11 having the above-described configuration, the concentration unit AR11 and the recovery unit AR12 are filled with a regular packing as a packing. In the distillation column 11 packed with the regular packing, the separation performance is high regardless of the column diameter of the column main body 12, so that the value HETP representing the packing height per one theoretical plate, and one theoretical plate The value ΔP representing the hit pressure loss can be reduced. In order to improve the separation performance, the liquid descending in the distillation column 11 is uniformly dispersed in the horizontal direction of the column main body 12.

  That is, in order to disperse the reflux liquid supplied via the reflux liquid inlet 16 toward the concentration part AR11, a tubular liquid dispersion device 21 is disposed above the concentration part AR11 and descends from the concentration part AR11. In order to collect the liquid and the stock solution M supplied via the supply port 13, a laminar liquid collecting device 22 is disposed below the concentrating unit AR11, and the liquid collected by the liquid collecting device 22 is collected. In order to disperse toward the AR 12, an open groove type liquid dispersion device 53 is disposed above the recovery unit AR 12.

  The liquid dispersion device 21 is open at its upper end and is vertically extended in the center of the tower main body 12 to store the liquid discharged from the discharge pipe 24 connected to the reflux liquid inlet 16. An open hydrostatic stand pipe 25 that generates water head pressure, a main header 26 that extends in the horizontal direction at the lower end of the stand pipe 25, and distributes the liquid in the stand pipe 25 in the radial direction, and the main header 26 A plurality of arm tubes 27 that are connected and extend in the horizontal direction and distribute liquid in the main header 26 in a direction perpendicular to the main header 26 are provided. The arm tube 27 is formed with a plurality of dispersion ports (not shown) for dispersing the liquid. Accordingly, the reflux liquid refluxed through the reflux liquid inlet 16 is accumulated in the stand pipe 25 and dispersed toward the concentration unit AR11 through the main header 26 and the arm tube 27.

  The liquid collecting device 22 is installed in parallel with each other at a predetermined pitch between a collector box 29 that forms a liquid collecting groove 28 along the inner periphery of the tower body 12 and an opposing portion of the collector box 29. A plurality of collector laminas 31 are provided, and the liquid collected by each collector lamina 31 is sent to the liquid collection groove 28.

  The liquid dispersion device 53 is disposed at the lower end of the discharge pipe 32 communicated with the liquid collecting groove 28 and the discharge pipe 32, receives the liquid discharged from the discharge pipe 32, and dynamically moves the liquid. A shock absorber 54 that absorbs energy, connected to the lower end of the shock absorber 54, extends in the horizontal direction and communicates with the first distribution groove 56 formed as a main channel, the first distribution groove 56, A second distribution groove 57 formed as an arm channel extending in a direction perpendicular to one distribution groove 56, parallel to each other and horizontally, and adjacent to each second distribution groove 57 And a liquid wall 58 that receives the liquid sent from the second distribution groove 57 and disperses it downward.

  The shock absorber 54 includes a casing body 61 having a rectangular cross section, and the casing 61 is filled with a regular packing 62 as a packing. The liquid absorbs dynamic energy while passing through the regular packing 62 and is discharged from the shock absorber 54 to the first distribution groove 56 without pulsation.

  The first distribution groove 56 has a rectangular shape whose upper end is opened in the system of the tower body 12, stores the liquid discharged from the buffer device 54, and is formed in a radial direction. Distribute to the second chambers 56A, 56B. For this purpose, the first distribution groove 56 includes a bottom wall 63, two side walls 64, and two end walls (not shown), and the first distribution groove 56 is connected to each of the second distribution grooves 57 on each side wall 64. An opening 65 for communication is formed.

  Each of the second distribution grooves 57 is formed in parallel to each other so as to protrude in a direction perpendicular to the first distribution groove 56 from each side wall 64 of the first distribution groove 56 disposed on the upstream side. The upper end has a rectangular shape opened into the system of the tower body 12, and the liquid sent from the first distribution groove 56 is distributed in a direction perpendicular to the first distribution groove 56. Each of the second distribution grooves 57 includes a bottom wall 67 formed integrally with the bottom wall 63, first and second side walls 68 and 70 formed in parallel to each other, and a side opposite to the side wall 64. The end wall 69 is formed at the end of the first side wall 68, and in this embodiment, the upper edge of the first side wall 68 is allowed to overflow the liquid. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, “V” -shaped notch weirs 59 as a plurality of overflow weirs are formed at a predetermined pitch.

  A liquid wall 58 is disposed adjacent to each of the second distribution grooves 57 and in parallel with the first and second side walls 68 and 70. That is, the liquid wall 58 is disposed at first and second distances w1 and w2 respectively from the first and second side walls 68 and 70 of the second distribution grooves 57 adjacent to each other. Between the second side walls 68 and 70 and the liquid walls 58, first and second flow paths 72 and 73 having upper and lower ends opened are formed. The liquid wall 58 has an “I” shape and is disposed so as to extend in the length direction of the second distribution groove 57, and the upper edge ue is higher than the upper end of the second distribution groove 57. The lower edge de is set lower than the lower end of the second distribution groove 57.

  Therefore, the liquid sent to the liquid collection groove 28 is stored in the first distribution groove 56 via the discharge pipe 32 together with the stock solution M supplied via the supply port 13, and the first and second chambers 56A. , 56B, and further distributed to each second distribution groove 57 and stored in each second distribution groove 57, then overflows in each notch weir 59 and is distributed toward the recovery unit AR12. .

  In this case, in the second distribution groove 57, the liquid is accumulated at a level corresponding to the load of the liquid descending in the tower body 12, overflows in the notch weir 59, collides with the liquid wall 58, and the liquid After flowing along the wall 58, it drops from the lower edge de of the liquid wall 58 onto the upper surface of the regular packing 71 of the recovery part AR12. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the lower edge de is formed to extend linearly in the horizontal direction.

  When the size of the first distribution groove 56 is large, the projected area of the bottom wall 63 of the first distribution groove 56 is increased by that amount, and the liquid is dispersed in the regular packing 71 directly below the first distribution groove 56. It becomes impossible to do. Therefore, when the size of the first distribution groove 56 is large, a plurality of dispersion ports can be formed in the bottom wall 63 as necessary. In that case, in the central portion of the tower body 12 where the first distribution groove 56 is disposed, the dispersed liquid gathers more than the other portions, so that the drip point of the dispersion port can be reduced. it can. Therefore, since the diameter of each dispersion port can be increased by that amount, the dispersion port can be prevented from being blocked, and the liquid can be reliably dispersed through each dispersion port.

The liquid wall 58 is preferably disposed such that the upper edge ue is higher than the upper end of the second distribution groove 57 by a predetermined distance. In that case, even if the upper end of the first flow path 72 is open, it is possible to prevent the liquid overflowing in the notch weir 59 from flowing over the upper edge ue to the back side of the liquid wall 58. Further, the liquid wall 58 is preferably disposed with the lower edge de placed close to the upper surface of the regular packing 71. In this case, the rising vapor can be rectified and the descending liquid can be prevented from being drifted by the vapor. When the distance between the lower edge de of each liquid wall 58 and the upper surface of the regular packing 71 is Lp, the distances Lp are equal to each other in the horizontal direction,
0 ≦ Lp ≦ 50 [mm]
To be.

When a plurality of regular packings 71 are stacked, a tolerance δ of about 1 [mm] occurs in the height for each regular packing 71. Therefore, the total tolerance Σδ calculated by multiplying the tolerance δ by the number N of stacked layers of the regular packing 71.
Σδ = δ · N
The distance Lp is set so that can be sufficiently absorbed.

By the way, the first and second distances w1 and w2 between the first and second side walls 68 and 70 and the respective liquid walls 58 facing each other are as follows.
w1 <w2
Therefore, the first distance w1 is shorter than the second distance w2. Accordingly, the liquid overflowing in the notch weir 59 collides with the liquid wall 58 separated by a slight first distance w1, so that the load on the distillation column 11 is small and the liquid sent from the second distribution groove 57 is discharged. Even if the amount is small, the liquid wall 58 is surely collided. As a result, a sufficient number of drip points can be secured. The first distance w1 is changed depending on the amount of liquid overflowing in the notch weir 59, the amount of fluctuation such as the load applied to the distillation column 11, and the like.

The first distance w1 is set based on an experimental result by a test machine, and the height from the lower end of the notch weir 59 to the liquid level, that is, the rising height is h, and the rising height h is Determined by the maximum value hmax and the minimum value hmin,
1.0 × hmax ≦ w1 ≦ 1.5 to 3.0 × hmin
Is preferable.

  In the present embodiment, the first distance w1 is shorter than the second distance w2, but the upper end of the first flow path 72 is closed, and the steam passes through the first flow path 72. In order to prevent the rising, the first and second distances w1 and w2 can be made equal.

  As described above, the liquid is distributed from the first distribution groove 56 to the second distribution groove 57 through the angular water channel formed by the opening 65, and the liquid in the second distribution groove 57 is The notch weir 59 overflows and is dispersed, so that the opening 65 and the notch weir 59 can be used even when a liquid having a blocking property or a liquid mixed with a blocking material, a dirt, or the like is used. The liquid can be uniformly dispersed without being blocked. Therefore, the drift phenomenon does not occur and the pressure loss does not increase, so that the separation performance of the distillation column 11 can be improved.

  The notch weirs 59 are formed at equal intervals along the upper edge of each first side wall 68, so that the liquid in the second distribution groove 57 is not allowed to flow in each first side wall 68. Evenly distributed without overflowing in the length direction and overflows, and after colliding with the liquid wall 58, it spreads in the length direction and reaches the lower edge de. Accordingly, the number of drip points increases while moving on the liquid wall 58 and drops substantially from the lower edge de as a continuous line. As a result, many drip points can be secured without complicating the structure of the liquid dispersion device 53.

  Since the notch weir 59 has a “V” shape, when the liquid level in the second distribution groove 57 increases, the amount of liquid flowing through the notch weir 59 increases accordingly. The liquid can be prevented from overflowing from the upper edge of the first side wall 68. Therefore, the liquid can always overflow at the same position, and the position where the liquid collides with the liquid wall 58 can be stabilized. As a result, the liquid can be uniformly dispersed.

  Further, due to the shielding wall effect by the liquid wall 58, the cross-sectional area of the first flow path 72 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the second flow path 73, and the pressure loss of the first flow path 72 is the first. Since the pressure loss of the second flow path 73 is greater, the vapor rising from below does not flow through the first flow path 72 but rises exclusively in the second flow path 73 in the direction of arrow A in FIG. Therefore, even if the load on the distillation column 11 is small and the amount of the liquid sent from the second distribution groove 57 is small, the liquid is not sprayed by the vapor in the first flow path 72 and is in a thin liquid film state. Thus, the liquid drops in the direction of arrow B, so that the liquid can be uniformly dispersed, and no drift phenomenon occurs, and the separation performance of the distillation column 11 can be improved.

  Note that the liquid is slightly carbonized at the bottoms in the first and second distribution grooves 56 and 57, but the liquid overflows through the notch weir 59, and therefore the first and second distribution grooves 56. , 57 is allowed to flow without stagnation. Therefore, even if a dispersion port is formed in the bottom wall 67 of the second distribution groove 57, the dispersion port is not blocked.

  In the present embodiment, the notch weir 59 has a “V” shape, but it corresponds to the use or purpose of the process, the amount of liquid sent from the second distribution groove 57, the accuracy of distillation, and the like. The "I" -shaped notch weir 59 as shown in FIG. 10, the "Y" -shaped notch weir 59 as shown in FIG. 11, and the like can be selected.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the liquid wall 58 has an “I” shape and the lower edge de is linear, but corresponds to the use or purpose of the process, the characteristics of the liquid, etc. And can be formed in an arbitrary shape.

  For example, when the liquid is simply uniformly dispersed, it is preferable to form a predetermined shape, for example, a “V” -shaped notch 75 in the lower edge de as shown in FIG. In order to prevent the colliding liquid from scattering, it is preferable to form the bellows portion 76 by curving the lower edge portion as shown in FIG. Further, when the amount of liquid to be overlapped via the notch weir 59 is extremely small, it is preferable that the lower edge portion is eccentric to the second distribution groove 57 side as shown in FIG. In this case, by decentering the lower edge portion, the liquid wall 58 has a first wall portion 77 extending downward in parallel with the first side wall 68, and a second distribution groove from the lower end of the first wall portion 77. A second wall portion 78 extending obliquely toward the 57 side, and a third wall portion 79 extending downward in parallel with the first side wall 68 from the lower end of the second wall portion 78 are formed.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the liquid dispersion apparatus in the second embodiment of the present invention.

  In this case, each second distribution groove 57 includes a bottom wall 67, first and second side walls 81 and 82, and end walls (not shown), and two liquid walls are provided between the second distribution grooves 57 adjacent to each other. That is, the first liquid wall 83 is disposed opposite to the first side wall 81, the second liquid wall 84 is disposed opposite to the second side wall 82, and the first and second side walls 81, 82 are disposed. A plurality of “V” -shaped notch weirs 59 (FIG. 7) as overflow dams are formed at a predetermined pitch on the upper edge of the upper rim.

  And the 1st flow path 85 between the 1st side wall 81 and the 1st liquid wall 83, and the 2nd flow path 86 between the 2nd side wall 82 and the 2nd liquid wall 84, A third flow path 87 is formed between the first and second liquid walls 83 and 84. In the figure, 12 is a tower body, 71 is a regular packing, and AR12 is a recovery section.

  In this case, since drip points are formed at the lower edges of the first and second liquid walls 83 and 84, the number of drip points can be increased, the amount of liquid to be dispersed can be increased, and the liquid dispersion The structure of the apparatus 53 can be simplified and the distillation column 11 (FIG. 3) can be reduced in size.

By the way, the first and second distances w11 and w12 between the first and second liquid walls 83 and 84 facing the first and second side walls 81 and 82, respectively, and the first and second liquid walls. The third distance w13 between 83 and 84 is
w11 = w12 <w13
The first and second distances w11 and w12 are made equal and shorter than the third distance w3.

  Due to the shielding wall effect by the first and second liquid walls 83 and 84, the cross-sectional area of the first and second flow paths 85 and 86 becomes smaller than the cross-sectional area of the third flow path 87, and the first Since the pressure loss of the first and second flow paths 85 and 86 is larger than the pressure loss of the third flow path 87, the steam rising from below flows through the first and second flow paths 85 and 86. Rather, the third flow path 87 rises exclusively in the direction of arrow C in the figure. Therefore, even if the load on the distillation column 11 is small and the amount of the liquid sent from the second distribution groove 57 is small, the liquid is not blown by the vapor in the first and second flow paths 85 and 86. Since it becomes a thin liquid film state and descends in the direction of the arrow D, the liquid can be uniformly dispersed, no drift phenomenon occurs, and the separation performance of the distillation column 11 can be improved.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the concentration unit AR11 and the recovery unit AR12 are filled with a regular packing as a packing, but can be filled with an irregular packing instead of the regular packing. .

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the stock solution M supplied through the supply port 13 is collected by the liquid collecting device 22, but the stock solution M supplied through the supply port 13 is used as the first distribution. The groove 56 can be supplied. In this case, if the tower diameter is large, it becomes difficult to uniformly distribute the stock solution M supplied to the first distribution groove 56 to the second distribution groove 57. Therefore, the first and second distribution grooves 56, 57 are difficult to distribute. A predetermined number of auxiliary distribution grooves are formed as sub-main channels between the liquid and the stock solution M in the auxiliary distribution grooves.

  In each embodiment, the notch weir 59 is formed on the first side walls 68 and 81 and the second side wall 82, but the notch weir is also formed on the end wall 69 of the second distribution groove 57. Can be formed. Furthermore, a notch weir can be formed on the side wall 64 of the first distribution groove 56, or a notch weir can be formed on each end wall of the first distribution groove 56.

  In each of the above embodiments, a distillation column that does not divide the inside of the column main body 12 into a feed side and a side cut side is described, but the present invention is a combined distillation column in which the inside of the distillation column is divided by a partition. Can be applied.

  In each of the above embodiments, a distillation apparatus has been described as a process apparatus. However, the present invention can be applied to other process apparatuses using a process technique such as absorption. For example, gas such as nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides is absorbed in absorption operation process equipment, waste liquid treatment such as ammonia and cyanogen is performed in waste liquid treatment process equipment, impurities in products are removed, and aqueous solutions are dehydrated. Purification, solvent recovery, recovery of phenol from wastewater / process fluid, recovery of acetic acid in aqueous solution, removal of organic substances in the processing solution, and the like can be performed. Thus, the present invention can be applied to various process apparatuses in which each component is distributed.

  Further, in each of the above embodiments, the liquid dispersion device 53 for uniformly dispersing the liquid moving downward in the distillation column 11 has been described. It can also be applied to an apparatus that uniformly contacts a liquid phase and a gas phase when moving to a position.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, It can change variously based on the meaning of this invention, and does not exclude them from the scope of the present invention.

It is a perspective view which shows the principal part of the liquid dispersion apparatus in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the conventional distillation column. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the distillation column in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the liquid dispersion | distribution apparatus in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is XX sectional drawing of FIG. It is an enlarged view which shows the principal part of the liquid dispersion apparatus in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the 1st example of the notch weir in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the 1st example of the lower edge of the liquid wall in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining operation | movement of the liquid dispersion | distribution apparatus in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the 2nd example of the notch weir in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the 3rd example of the notch weir in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the 2nd example of the lower edge of the liquid wall in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the 3rd example of the lower edge of the liquid wall in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the 4th example of the lower edge of the liquid wall in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining operation | movement of the liquid dispersion | distribution apparatus in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

53 Liquid dispersing devices 56, 57 First and second distribution grooves 58 Liquid wall 59 Notch weir 67 Bottom wall 68, 81 First side wall 69 End wall 70, 82 Second side wall 72, 85 First flow path 73 , 86 Second flow path 83, 84 First and second liquid walls

Claims (7)

(A) a plurality of distribution grooves that are arranged in parallel to each other and are composed of a bottom wall, side walls, and end walls, and whose upper ends are open;
(B) having a liquid wall disposed adjacent to each of the distribution grooves and parallel to the side wall;
(C) A liquid dispersing apparatus, wherein a plurality of overflow weirs are formed on the upper edge of the side wall. (A) a flow path is formed between the distribution groove and the liquid wall;
(B) The liquid dispersion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an upper end of the flow path is opened.   The liquid dispersion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the overflow weir is formed on one of the two side walls.   The liquid dispersion apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a first distance between the one side wall and the liquid wall is shorter than a second distance between the other side wall and the liquid wall. (A) Two liquid walls are disposed between the distribution grooves adjacent to each other,
(B) The liquid dispersion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of overflow weirs are formed on the upper edge of each side wall of the distribution groove.   The liquid dispersion apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the first and second distances between the side walls and the liquid walls are shorter than a third distance between two adjacent liquid walls. (A) Another distribution groove is formed on the upstream side of each distribution groove,
(B) The liquid dispersion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the liquid in the other distribution groove is distributed to each of the distribution grooves.

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