KR20170114410A - Dual polarization horn antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

A dual polarized horn antenna according to the present invention includes: a first waveguide feed portion for transmitting a first polarized wave; A second waveguide feeding part formed on the upper side of the first waveguide feeding part and parallel to the first waveguide feeding part and having a center offset and transmitting a second polarized wave; And a horn for receiving a first polarized wave transmitted through the first waveguide feeder and a second polarized wave transmitted through the second waveguide feeder on the upper side of the second waveguide feeder, ; A linear slot for signal coupling formed between the upper end of the first waveguide feeder and the lower end of the second waveguide feeder; And a cruciform slot for signal coupling formed between the lower end of the second waveguide feeder and the lower side of the horn, the cross-shaped slot being formed in a cross shape as a whole including a slot portion in a position and shape corresponding to the slot-like slot.

Description

{DUAL POLARIZATION HORN ANTENNA}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to a horn antenna that generates orthogonal dual polarized waves, and more particularly to a dual polarization horn antenna having a waveguide slot coupling type power feeding structure.

Recently, a waveguide slot array antenna or a horn antenna having a waveguide slot coupling type power feeding structure that is superior in miniaturization and transmission / reception characteristics has been used as an ultra high frequency transmission / reception antenna. Among them, it is known that the horn antenna has better radiation characteristics than the waveguide slot array antenna.

1A is a perspective view, FIG. 1B is a side view, FIG. 1C is a sectional view, and FIG. 1D is a sectional view of an orthogonal mode transducer 20 in FIG. FIG. 1D is a perspective view showing the shape of the electromagnetic wave movement space, and two polarization directions are shown by arrows in particular. 1A to 1D, a conventional horn antenna 10 includes an antenna element composed of a horn 10 and an orthogonal mode transducer (OMT) 20, a waveguide type feeder (not shown) .

The horn 10 may be formed to have a structure in which the width of the inclined plane 15 decreases continuously as it goes down continuously or discontinuously in order to increase antenna gain and efficiency as a whole. In the example of Figs. 1A to 1D, a structure is shown in which the horn 10 is improved (or adjusted) in its radiation characteristic by two protrusions 17 and 18.

The orthogonal mode converter 20 combines transmission signals of first and second polarized waves (for example, horizontal polarization and vertical polarization), which are orthogonal to each other and provided through a waveguide-type power feeder, Or separates the received signals of the two polarized waves received from the horn 10 and provides them to the respective power feeders. The orthogonal mode converter 20 is a substantially required configuration in a conventional antenna structure for simultaneously receiving or transmitting the horizontal polarization and the vertical polarization. And is designed to minimize losses when polarization is combined or separated.

On the other hand, the feeding part (not shown) of the waveguide type is designed as a hollow metal tube using a waveguide, which is a kind of high-pass filter. The mode in the waveguide has a constant cutoff wavelength, and the fundamental mode is determined by the size of the waveguide. The cross-sectional shape of the waveguide may typically be a square (square or rectangular). The width and length of the inner cross section of the waveguide can be designed precisely according to the characteristics of the processing frequency and can be designed to have a standardized value substantially according to the processing frequency.

Although a variety of schemes have been developed for the structure of the orthogonal mode transducer 20, a structure suitable for a horn antenna receiving dual linearly polarized waves, as shown in Figs. 1A to 1D, A first feed port 21 connected to a waveguide feeder provided with a first polarized wave is formed on the side of the first feed port 21. On the lower side of the first feed port 21, And are aligned and connected to each other. At this time, the radiation projections 22, the stepped portions 25, the interference projections 19 and the like are appropriately formed in the first feed port 21 or the like in order to improve the coupling and separation characteristics of the horizontal polarization and the vertical polarization.

As a technique related to the horn antenna having the above structure, there is disclosed in Korean Patent Application No. 10-2009-0024063 (entitled "Dual Linearly Polarized Horn Array Antenna Using Skew Filter, " filed by Aidoot Co., Kim, Seung Jun, et al., Published on Mar. 6, 2009).

In the horn antenna shown in FIGS. 1A to 1D, the structure of the orthogonal mode converter 20 is relatively complicated and detailed in order to improve the mixing and separation characteristics of the horizontal polarization and the vertical polarization . For example, the first power supply port 21 connected to the power feeder is connected to a waveguide (waveguide feeder) having a rectangular sectional structure in which a large surface is applied to the longitudinal direction. Therefore, (Height) is considerably increased.

Furthermore, since the horn antennas can be realized by a horn array antenna in which a plurality of antennas are arranged in an nxm array when actual products are implemented, the structure of the feed network, which is the overall connection structure of the feed parts of the horn antennas, There will be difficulties.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a dual-polarized horn antenna capable of easily and quickly designing an antenna while making it possible to manufacture a high-efficiency antenna, because the overall size (height) can be greatly reduced while having a simpler structure.

As described above, the dual polarization horn antenna according to the present invention includes: a first waveguide feeding part for transmitting a first polarized wave; A second waveguide feeder that is parallel to the first waveguide feeder and is offset from the center of the first waveguide feeder and transmits a second polarized wave; A horn for receiving a first polarized wave transmitted through the first waveguide feeder and a second polarized wave transmitted through the second waveguide feeder on the upper side of the second waveguide feeder, ; A linear slot for signal coupling formed between the upper end of the first waveguide feeder and the lower end of the second waveguide feeder; And a cross-shaped slot for signal coupling formed between the lower end of the second waveguide feeding part and the lower side of the horn, the cross-shaped slot being formed in a cross shape as a whole including a slot part in a position and shape corresponding to the slot- do.

As described above, the dual-polarized horn antenna according to the present invention can realize the OMT structure having a simpler structure and a very low overall height as compared with the conventional dual polarized antenna, It is possible to design an antenna with high efficiency while designing easily and quickly. In addition, the defective rate can be lowered due to the simple structure, which is advantageous for mass production.

1A to 1D are diagrams showing an example structure of a conventional dual polarization horn antenna
2 is a perspective view of a dual polarization horn antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
3 is an exploded perspective view of the horn antenna of FIG. 2. FIG.
Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the transmission plane structure of the horn antenna of Fig.
Fig. 5 is a side view of the horn antenna of Fig. 2
FIGS. 6A and 6B are views for explaining a polarization transferring method using a coupling slot in the horn antenna of FIG. 2;
Figs. 7A and 7B are diagrams showing an electric field generating state of the horn antenna of Fig. 2
Figs. 8A and 8B are graphs showing radiation characteristics of Figs. 7A and 7B, respectively
9 is a perspective view of an example of a horn array antenna to which a dual polarization horn antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied
Fig. 10 is an enlarged perspective view of the middle feed portion of the horn array antenna of Fig. 9
Fig. 11 is a plan view of the feeding part of Fig. 10
Fig. 12 is a plan view of one side of the feed part in Fig. 10
13 is an exploded perspective view of a dual polarization horn antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, specific elements of a specific component such as the detailed form of the slot structure and the like are shown, which are provided for a better understanding of the present invention. It is to be understood that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention .

In the following description of the embodiments, for the sake of convenience, the structure and operation of the components of the horn antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to an operation of transmitting the first polarization and the second polarization It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that a horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention similarly proposes a function and structure for receiving first and second polarized waves.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a dual polarization horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the horn antenna of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a transmission plane structure of the horn antenna of FIG. Is a side view of the horn antenna of Fig. 2 to 5, the structure of a horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown mainly for the shape of a moving space in which electromagnetic waves of a transmission signal and a reception signal travel, for ease of understanding. Such a moving space can be realized, for example, by metal molds such as aluminum (alloy) panels or the like so as to have a proper shape, and joining these metal panels to form upper and lower surfaces and sides of the moving space. In FIG. 5, an example structure of the metal panels is shown as a dotted line (hatched area).

2 to 5, a dual polarization horn antenna 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first waveguide feeder 31 for transmitting a first polarized wave; A second waveguide feeder 32 formed on the first waveguide feeder 31 and offset from the first waveguide feeder in parallel to the first waveguide feeder and transmitting a second polarized wave; A first polarized wave transmitted through the first waveguide feeder 31 and a second polarized wave transmitted through the second waveguide feeder 32 are provided on the upper side of the second waveguide feeder 32, And a horn 33 for transmitting the signal with a polarized signal.

At this time, a slot 312 for signal coupling is formed between the upper end of the first waveguide feeder 31 and the lower end of the second waveguide feeder 32. In addition, a cross-shaped slot 322 for signal coupling is formed between the lower side of the horn 33 and the upper end of the second waveguide feeder 32. The cross-shaped slot 322 has a slot portion corresponding to the position and shape of the slot 312, and is formed in a cross shape including a slot portion orthogonal to the slot portion.

The linear slots 312 function to provide a first polarized wave (for example, a horizontal polarized wave) transmitted through the first waveguide feeder 31 to the second waveguide feeder 32 on the upper side. The cruciform slot 322 also has a first polarized wave (horizontal polarization) provided through the linear slot 312, as well as a second polarized wave (e.g., vertical polarization) transmitted through the second waveguide feeder 32. [ To the horn 33 on the upper side.

FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams for explaining a polarization transferring method using a coupling slot in the horn antenna of FIG. 2, showing a strained structure and a planar structure for a virtual waveguide 35, respectively. 6A and 6B, the polarization transmission path between the waveguide and the coupling slot will be described in more detail. The cross-sectional shape of the waveguide 35 may be generally rectangular (square or rectangular) The length of the filter affects the cutoff frequency characteristic of the filter and can be designed to a substantially normalized value according to the corresponding filtering frequency. The length b of the longitudinal section of the inner surface of the waveguide can be designed to be about twice the length a. The electric field direction of the polarized wave inputted to the waveguide 35 is formed in the longitudinal direction of the waveguide 35 as shown by the solid line arrow in Fig. 6A.

A magnetic field is formed in the end portion of the waveguide 35 by the electric field of the polarized wave inputted to the waveguide 35 having the above-described structure in the direction shown by a dotted arrow in FIGS. 6A and 6B. When the slot 352 or 354 is formed as shown in FIG. 6B so as to correspond to the formation site of the magnetic field at the end of the waveguide 35, a slot 352 or 354 is formed in the slot 352 or 354, An electric field is formed. At this time, the length of the slot 352 or 354 may be set to the in-pipe wavelength? G / 2 of the processing frequency. The width of the slot 352 or 354 is suitably designed in consideration of the bandwidth of the processing frequency, matching characteristics, and the like.

6B, for example, when the first slot 352 is formed at the first position, horizontally polarized waves are generated through the first slot 352 in the drawing. In addition, when the second slot 354 is formed at the second position, vertical polarization is generated in the drawing through the second slot 354.

2 to 5 and the example shown in FIG. 6B, the linear slots 312 of FIGS. 2 to 5 are formed in the first waveguide feeder 31 in the same manner as in FIG. 6B The first slot 352 may be formed in a position and shape corresponding to the first slot 352 of FIG. The cross-shaped slot 322 of FIGS. 2 to 5 is formed at a position corresponding to the second slot 354 of FIG. 6B in the second waveguide feeder 32, and includes the shape of the second slot 354 The first slot 342 may be substantially combined with the first slot 342 so that the first slot 342 is formed in a cross shape as a whole.

The first polarized wave inputted into the first waveguide feeder 31 is transmitted to the second waveguide feeder 32 designed to come to a proper position at the upper end through the slot 312 formed at the end of the first waveguide feeder 31 And is provided as a horn 33 through the cruciform slot 322 of the second waveguide feeder 32. [ At this time, the second polarized wave input to the second waveguide feeder 32 is also provided as a horn 33 through the cross-shaped slot 322. [ Finally, in the horn 33, the double polarized wave in which the first polarized wave and the second polarized wave are orthogonal is radiated into the air.

As described above, in the present invention, in order to generate two polarized waves (for example, horizontal polarization and vertical polarization) orthogonal to each other, the first and second waveguide feeders 31 and 32 having a substantially similar structure are stacked In this case, it can be understood that the polarized waves inputted to the first and second waveguide feeders 31 and 32 have the same direction. The structure of the present invention can be designed with a very simple structure as compared with the conventional one.

7A and 7B are diagrams showing an electric field generated state of the horn antenna of FIG. 2. FIG. 7A shows a state in which the vertical polarization generated on the opening surface of the horn when an input is applied to only the second waveguide feeder 32 And FIG. 7B shows horizontal polarized waves generated on the opening surface of the horn when an input is applied only to the first waveguide feeder 31, for example.

FIGS. 8A and 8B are graphs showing the radiation characteristics of FIGS. 7A and 7B, respectively. FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B are graphs showing the radiation characteristics of the vertically polarized wave and the horizontal polarized wave in all directions with respect to the front (that is, dB). As shown in FIG. 8A, for vertically polarized waves, a sufficiently usable signal is generated for each of a plurality of frequency channels in a corresponding processing frequency band, and a plurality of frequency channels corresponding to the horizontal polarized waves are, for example, -30dB or less. In FIG. 8B, contrary to FIG. 8A, it can be seen that a horizontal polarized wave having a sufficient usable intensity is generated forward.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an example of a horn array antenna to which a dual polarization horn antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied, FIG. 10 is an enlarged perspective view of a middle feed section of the horn array antenna of FIG. 9, Fig. 10 is a plan view of the feed part of Fig. 10, and Fig. 12 is a side view of the feed part of Fig. 9 to 12, in order to facilitate comprehension, as in the examples of FIGS. 2 to 5, the structure of the horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, focusing on the shape of the moving space in which the electromagnetic waves of the transmission / Respectively.

The horn array antenna 40 shown in FIGS. 9 to 12 is a 2 × 2 array of the horn antennas of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, and a total of four horn antennas are combined. 9 to 12, the horn array antenna 40 receives a first polarized wave transmitted from the first waveguide feeder 41 and a second polarized wave transmitted from the second waveguide feeder 42 (I.e., four) horns 43 for transmitting and receiving dual polarization signals.

The first waveguide feeder 41 has a structure in which the first polarized wave inputted through the first input port 411 is distributed and distributed to a plurality of (i.e., four) horns 43. The second waveguide feeder 42 is formed at an upper side of the first waveguide feeder 41 so as to be parallel to the first waveguide feeder 41 and offset in the center thereof and has a second input port 421, And divides the input second polarized wave into a plurality of (four) horns 43.

At this time, in the first waveguide feeder 41, a plurality of linear slots 412 for signal coupling are formed to provide a plurality of distributed first polarized waves to the upper second waveguide feeder 42. A plurality of cruciform slots 422 are formed in the second waveguide feeder 42 at positions corresponding to the plurality of linear slots 412 so that the plurality of cruciform slots 422 communicated through the second waveguide feeder 42 And a plurality of first polarized waves provided through the plurality of linear slots 412, respectively, with the second polarized waves of the upper horn 43, respectively.

The first waveguide feeder 41 appropriately applies a plurality of T-shaped waveguide distribution structures to the first waveguide feeder 41 to transmit the first polarization signal input through the first input port 411 to the corresponding plurality of horns 43 Similarly, the second waveguide feeder 42 appropriately applies a plurality of T-shaped waveguide distribution structures to transmit the second polarized wave signal inputted through the second input port 421 to a corresponding plurality The horn 43 of FIG. The plurality of T-shaped waveguide splitters applied to the first waveguide feeder 41 and the second waveguide feeder 42 may be, for example, an E-Plane T-junction structure or a magnetic interface T- (H-Plane T Junction) can be adopted.

9 to 12, the horn array antenna to which the present invention is applied can easily design a laminated structure of the first waveguide feeder 41 and the second waveguide feeder 42, In addition, since the waveguide distribution structure of the same type can be applied to the first waveguide feeder 41 and the second waveguide feeder 42, the design time can be shortened together with the ease of designing.

13 is an exploded perspective view of a dual polarization horn antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In order to facilitate understanding, a horn according to the second embodiment of the present invention, focusing on the shape of a moving space in which electromagnetic waves of transmission / The structure of the antenna is shown. 13, the dual polarization horn antenna 50 according to the second embodiment of the present invention is similar to the structure of the first embodiment shown in Figs. 2 to 5 except that the first waveguide A feeding part 51; A second waveguide feeder 52 for transmitting a second polarized wave; And a horn 53 for transmitting and receiving a dual polarized signal are stacked.

2 to 5, the dual-polarization horn antenna 50 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a first waveguide feeder 51 and the second waveguide feeder 52, And a cross-shaped slot 522 for signal coupling is formed between the second waveguide feeder 52 and the horn 53. At this time, the cross-shaped slot 362 has a slot portion corresponding to the slot-like slot 312, and is formed in a cross shape including another slot portion orthogonal to the slot portion.

In the dual polarization horn antenna 50 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, unlike the structure of the first embodiment, the cross-shaped slot 50 formed between the second waveguide feed part 52 and the horn 53 The second waveguide feeder 522 is formed in an 'X' shape geometrically on the basis of the waveguide structure of the second waveguide feeder 52. Correspondingly, the slot-shaped slots 512 formed between the first waveguide feeder 51 and the second waveguide feeder 52 are geometrically 45 degrees with respect to the waveguide structure of the first waveguide feeder 51, And is formed in an inclined shape. In contrast, the cross-shaped slot structure according to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 is formed in a geometrical '+' shape based on the waveguide structure. At this time, the slotted slot structure according to the first embodiment is formed in a geometrically elongated shape with respect to the waveguide structure.

The structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIG. 13, when employed in the horn array antenna of the nxn array, is characterized in that the overall arrangement and installation structure of the horn array antenna is based on the vertical / It is a structure that can generate the 'X' character dipolarity which is geometrically rectangular but is inclined 45 degrees with respect to the vertical / horizontal plane. In contrast, the structure of the horn array antenna of the nxn arrangement (for example, the structure shown in Figs. 9 to 12) to which the first embodiment shown in Figs. 2 to 5 is applied is 45 In order to generate an inclined X-shaped double polarized wave, it should be installed in the form of rhombus as a whole based on the vertical / horizontal plane as a whole.

The structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 13 is more optimized in consideration of various transmission and reception characteristics required for the horn array antenna to which the embodiment is applied, and various installation environments and conditions. .

As described above, the configuration and operation of the dual polarization horn antenna according to the embodiments of the present invention can be performed. While the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the above embodiments, various modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention . For example, in the above description, it is assumed that the horn antenna of the present invention is applied to the horn array antenna 2x2 array. However, it will be understood that the present invention can be applied to various arrangements of horn array antennas. Further, in other embodiments of the present invention, the horn structure may have a structure in which at least one protruding jaw is formed, similar to the structure shown in Figs. 1A to 1D. In addition, As shown in FIG.

Further, in the above description, at least some detailed configurations in each of the various embodiments may be applied to other embodiments, and may be omitted in some cases. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should not be limited by the illustrated embodiments, but should be determined by equivalents of the claims and the claims.

Claims (3)

In a dual polarization horn antenna,
A first waveguide feeder for transmitting a first polarized wave;
A second waveguide feeder that is parallel to the first waveguide feeder and is offset from the center of the first waveguide feeder and transmits a second polarized wave;
A horn for receiving a first polarized wave transmitted through the first waveguide feeder and a second polarized wave transmitted through the second waveguide feeder on the upper side of the second waveguide feeder, ;
A linear slot for signal coupling formed between the upper end of the first waveguide feeder and the lower end of the second waveguide feeder;
And a cross-shaped slot for signal coupling formed between the lower end of the second waveguide feeding part and the lower side of the horn, the cross-shaped slot being formed in a cross shape as a whole including a slot part in a position and shape corresponding to the slot- Horn antenna.
The method according to claim 1,
The cruciform slot is formed in a geometrical '+' shape on the basis of the waveguide structure of the second waveguide feeder,
Wherein the linear slot is formed in a geometrically elongated shape with respect to a waveguide structure of the first waveguide feeding part.
The method according to claim 1,
The cross-shaped slot is formed in an 'X' shape geometrically based on the waveguide structure of the second waveguide feeder,
Wherein the linear slot is formed in a shape that is geometrically inclined at 45 degrees with reference to a waveguide structure of the first waveguide feeder.

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