KR20170101805A - Micro Nanoporous Membrane, Preparing Method Thereof And Microfluidic Device Using Thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a micro nanoporous membrane, and a micro nanoporous membrane manufactured thereby, wherein the method for manufacturing a micro nanoporous membrane comprises the following steps: alternately repeating lamination of a hydrophilic homopolymer and an amphipathic block or a graft copolymer on the surface of a porous substrate to form an alternating laminate of the hydrophilic homopolymer and the amphipathic block or the graft copolymer; alternately repeating lamination of a hydrophilic homopolymer and a supramolecular structural compound to provide a polymer multilayer film on which an alternating laminate of the hydrophilic homopolymer and the supramolecular structural compound is formed; and annealing the polymer multilayer film to form a micro-phase separated polymer film.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a micro-nano-pore membrane, a method of manufacturing the same, and a micro-

The present invention relates to a nanopore membrane, a method for producing the nanopore membrane, and a microfluidic device using the nanopore membrane. More specifically, the present invention relates to a nanopore membrane having excellent biofouling resistance due to self- To a modified nano-pore membrane and a microfluidic device using the same.

The microfluidic system is a device that handles fluids on the micron scale and refers to a technology that enables analysis, synthesis, etc. using a small amount of sample. Since it was proposed as micro total analysis system (μTAS) in the early 1990s, it has been miniaturized compared with the existing chromatography method, and the consumption of carrier, reagent, mobile phase etc. is reduced and the sample is pre- , Have formed a new field in the field of sensors as a system that can process detection. Another application field of microfluidic systems is the Lab-on-a-chip, which was proposed at the end of the 1990s. It has the functions of traditional unit operations such as mixing, separation, heating, The microdevices are integrated on one chip.

Studies on the prevention and diagnosis of diseases, especially those using microfluidic devices, are very important. Diagnosis of disease means the detection of biomaterial specific to the disease. Specifically, the diagnosis of the disease is made by the chemical reaction or physical behavior between any target substance and enzyme, microorganism, antibody, receptor, cell, protein, It can be said that it is to detect the physical quantity which is caused and to obtain information and amount of the target substance. Among these biological methods, classical methods include electrophysical, optical, thermal, and direct mass spectrometry, which have problems to be solved such as weak signal discrimination power and sensitivity, large size of equipment, high price and long measuring time there was. Therefore, efforts have been actively made to propose a method which is excellent in sensing ability but small in size and capable of mass production.

As a sensor for sensing biomaterials, a biochip developed with the combination of a sensor active material and a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) or NEMS (Nano Electro Mechanical System) technology, which is a mechanism of modern fine processing technology, has been recognized as a potential candidate. The micro / nano biochip is a very suitable technology for analyzing trace amounts of ultrahigh-speed samples. It is mainly focused on the technique of fixing biopolymers selectively and functionally on the chip surface and analyzing the biomaterial bound to the chip surface.

The microfluidic device-based diagnostic chip obtained many important technological development results such as portability (enabling the development of samples without external devices such as pumps) in terms of sample analysis. However, there is a need for a microfluidic device that is excellent in filtering function for filtering or collecting compounds, inorganic particles, and the like for chemical and biochemical reactions in a fluid device.

On the other hand, reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, which require a high pressure for separating the mixture, have played a major role in the membranes so far. However, in systems where high pressure can not be used, such as microfluidic devices, the introduction of nanomembranes is necessary. The nanomembrane has the advantages of being able to operate at a pressure lower than that of the RO membrane and having good resolution depending on the conditions such as the size of small molecules. However, considering only the size of the nanopores, the problem of fouling, which adsorbs various substances in the mixture and eventually blocks the pores, can not be solved. Therefore, if antifouling function is considered, it should have more active coping function than pore size.

Thus, there is a need for a nanopore membrane that is excellent in biofouling resistance as a nanopore membrane applicable to a microfluidic device.

The present invention provides a nanoporous membrane which is excellent in filtering ability and biofouling resistance and applicable to a microfluidic device, a method for manufacturing the same, and a microfluidic device using the same.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a nanoporous membrane, comprising: laminating a hydrophilic homopolymer and laminating an amphipathic block or a graft copolymer alternately on a surface of a porous substrate to form a hydrophilic homopolymer And an alternating laminate of an amphiphilic block or graft copolymer; A laminate of a hydrophilic homopolymer and a laminate of a supramolecular structure compound are alternately repeated on the surface of the alternating laminate of the hydrophilic homopolymer and the amphipathic block or graft copolymer to form a polymer multilayer film having alternately stacked layers of a hydrophilic homopolymer and a supramolecular structural compound ; And annealing the polymer multi-layer film to form a polymer film having a fine phase separation.

In another embodiment, the method of making a nanoporous membrane of the present invention comprises the steps of alternately repeating the lamination of the hydrophilic homopolymer and the lamination of the amphipathic block or graft copolymer on the surface of the porous substrate to form a hydrophilic homopolymer and an amphipathic block or graft Providing a polymer multilayer film on which an alternating laminate of copolymers is formed; Annealing the polymer multilayer film to form a polymer film having a fine phase separation; And alternately repeating lamination of a hydrophilic homopolymer and lamination of a supramolecular structural compound on the surface of the polymer membrane to form an alternate laminate of a hydrophilic homopolymer and a supramolecular structural compound.

The method may further include forming a pore by removing the hydrophilic homopolymer from the polymer membrane.

In addition, alternating layers of the hydrophilic homopolymer and the amphipathic block or graft copolymer may be represented by the following general formula 1:

[Formula 1]

(A / B) nBL

A represents a layer formed by lamination of a homopolymer, B represents a layer formed by lamination of an amphipathic copolymer, and A / B represents a repeating unit formed by a bilayer (BL) of A and B N represents the number of times of lamination of the repeating unit bilayer contained in the alternating laminate, and n is 2 to 100. [

In addition, alternating layers of the hydrophilic homopolymer and the supramolecular structural compound may be represented by the following general formula 2:

[Formula 2]

(C / D) nBL

C represents a layer formed of a laminate of homopolymers, D represents a layer formed of a lamination of cyclodextrins, and C / D represents a repeating unit formed of a bilayer (BL) of C and D , n represents the number of times of lamination of the repeating unit bilayer contained in the alternating laminate, and n is 2 to 100.

The supramolecular structure compound may be crown ether, cyclodextrin, rotaxan, zeolite, porphyrin, cucurbituril.

The hydrophilic homopolymer may be at least one selected from the group consisting of polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylic acid and polyvinyl alcohol.

Wherein the amphiphilic block copolymer is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene-b-polyethylene oxide (polyethylene-b-polyethylene glycol), polyethylene-b-polyacrylic acid, polybutadiene-b-polyethylene oxide, polybutadiene-b-polyacrylic acid, polystyrene- Oxide and polystyrene-b-polyacrylic acid.

The graft copolymer is a copolymer of a graft polymer with a single polymer chain and is composed of a copolymer composed of polyethylene-g-polyacrylic acid, polyethylene-g-polyethylene glycol, polyimide-g-polyacrylic acid and polystyrene- (Polyethylene-co-polyacrylic acid-g-polyethylene oxide), polyimide-co-polyacrylic acid-g-polyethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol-poly Polystyrene-co-polyacrylic acid-g-polyethylene oxide.

The porous substrate may be alumina, a silicon wafer, or a porous polymer membrane.

Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a porous substrate; An alternating laminate of a hydrophilic homopolymer and an amphipathic block or graft copolymer formed on the surface of the porous substrate; And an alternating laminate of a hydrophilic homopolymer and a supramolecular structure compound formed on the surface of the alternating laminate of the hydrophilic homopolymer and the amphipathic block or graft copolymer.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a microfluidic device including the nanopore membrane. In addition, the microfluidic device may be surface-modified to be hydrophilic.

As described above, according to the manufacturing method of the present invention, it is possible to provide a nano-pore membrane which is easy to control the thickness of the nano-pore membrane, and has excellent filtering performance and resistance to bio-fouling. In addition, the nano-pore membrane of the present invention can be manufactured not only as a thin thin film on a substrate but also as a stand-alone type, and thus can be easily applied to a microfluidic device.

1 is a schematic view of a microfluidic device in which a film having a nano-pore film is embedded.
2 is a SEM image of the structure, surface, and cross-section of an alumina membrane.
3 is a graph showing the change in absorbance of PAH (PAA / CyD) n according to pH conditions.
Fig. 4 shows the result of surface contact angle measurement according to the number of times of lamination of (CyD / PAA) n.
FIG. 5 is a SEM image of PAH / (PAA / EEO) 9.5BL multilayer film and a multilayer film incorporating CyD in the case of performing fine phase separation and PAA elution.
6 is a graph showing the fluxes of the porous membrane and the porous membrane containing CyD.
FIG. 7 is a graph of flux measured in an experiment using gold nanoparticles. FIG.
Figure 8 shows the rejection rate in experiments using gold nanoparticles (average 80 nm).
Fig. 9 is a cell adsorption image in a coating film and TCPS.
10 is a graph showing cell viability in a coating film.
11 is a graph showing wettability according to the number of times of lamination of PAH (PAA / PEAA-g-MPEG) _n film.
Figure 12 shows the contact angle change after thermal annealing of PAH (PAA / PEAA-g-MPEG) 8BL, 8.5BL film.
FIG. 13 shows a PAH (PAA / PEAA-g-MPEG) _n SEM image (100,000 magnification) according to the number of times of lamination of the film.
14 is a SEM image (100,000 magnification) of the 8, 8.5BL film after annealing.
Fig. 15 shows the anti-staining property evaluation results of the (PAA / PEAA-g-PEG) multilayer film against microorganisms.
Fig. 16 shows the water permeation flux of the (PAA / PEAA-g-PEG) multilayer film.
Fig. 17 shows the rejection rate of the (PAA / PEAA-g-PEG) multilayer film.
18 is a graph showing the degree of chemical filtration according to the coating film.
19 is a graph of contact angle measurement for confirming the surface modification of PDMS.
20 shows the results of the multilayer coating film thickness measurement of PAH / (PAA / EEO) film and PAH / (PAA / CyD) film.
21 is a SEM image of a PVDF membrane coated with PAA / CyD.
22 shows wettability according to the number of times of lamination of (PAA / CyD).
Figure 23 shows the flow rate of a PVDF membrane coated with PAA / CyD.

The present invention relates to a nanoporous membrane having excellent filtering function and excellent biofouling resistance by the formation of nanopores using self-assembly phenomenon of a polymer material, a method for manufacturing the same, and a microfluidic device using the same.

1 shows, as an embodiment, a microfluidic device in which a nanomembrane is embedded. Functionalized membranes in these microfluidic devices require very important properties. First, it is important to prevent biofouling, which can result in contamination of the membrane surface due to unwanted materials or other reactions. Do. The present invention is characterized by developing a novel membrane material by synthesizing supramolecules capable of recognizing molecules by specific binding with a molecule having a specific size or functional group with the form of a multimer (polymer or oligomer) to improve the molecular recognition function . As mentioned above, if the nanomembrane is focused only on the conventional ceramic-based laser etching to adjust the nanoscale size, it can not perform its function due to irreversibly adsorbed materials on the membrane.

Accordingly, the polymeric materials of the present invention are water-soluble and can be made into films of various thicknesses through an easy wet-process thin film process. In addition, it is possible to obtain a film having various thicknesses while avoiding complicated or toxic chemical treatments such as phase separation among polymers, There is an advantage that pores can be formed. The film is easy to process, so it can be used not only as a two-dimensional supporting membrane but also on various types of substrates and three-dimensional substrate surfaces.

As a method for producing such a nanoporous membrane, in one embodiment of the present invention, a laminate of a hydrophilic homopolymer and a laminate of an amphipathic block or a graft copolymer are alternately repeated on the surface of a porous substrate to form a hydrophilic homopolymer and an amphipathic block Forming an alternating laminate of the graft copolymer; A laminate of a hydrophilic homopolymer and a laminate of a supramolecular structure compound are alternately repeated on the surface of the alternating laminate of the hydrophilic homopolymer and the amphipathic block or graft copolymer to form a polymer multilayer film having alternately stacked layers of a hydrophilic homopolymer and a supramolecular structural compound ; And annealing the polymer multi-layer film to form a polymer film having a fine phase separation.

In another embodiment of the present invention, a laminate of a hydrophilic homopolymer and a laminate of an amphipathic block or a graft copolymer are alternately repeated on the surface of a porous substrate to form a polymer having a hydrophilic homopolymer and an alternate laminate of an amphipathic block or a graft copolymer Providing a multilayer film; Annealing the polymer multilayer film to form a polymer film having a fine phase separation; And a step of alternately repeating lamination of a hydrophilic homopolymer and lamination of a supramolecular structure compound on the surface of the polymer membrane to form an alternating laminate of a hydrophilic homopolymer and a supramolecular structure compound do.

In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a polymer multilayer film, comprising: providing a polymer multilayer film having alternating layers of a hydrophilic homopolymer and a supramolecular structural compound formed on a surface of a porous substrate by alternately repeating lamination of a hydrophilic homopolymer and lamination of a supramolecular structure compound; And annealing the polymer multilayer film to form a polymer film having a fine phase separation.

One. Multilayer film Preparation (S1)

1.1. Hydrophilic homopolymer

A polymer multilayer film formed on the surface of the porous substrate by alternately stacking a hydrophilic homopolymer and an amphipathic block or a graft copolymer is prepared, and the polymer multilayer film is formed by alternately laminating a hydrophilic homopolymer and an amphipathic block or a graft copolymer Can be obtained by repeating.

The hydrophilic polymer refers to a polymer dissolved in a polar solvent such as water by having a polar or charged functional group in the main chain or side chain of the polymer chain. The hydrophilic polymer may be a crystalline or amorphous polymer. On the other hand, a homo-polymer refers to a polymer obtained by polymerizing one monomer.

The hydrophilic homopolymer is preferably selected from the group consisting of polyethyleneglycol (PEG), polyethlene oxide (PEO), polyacrylic acid (PAA), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) One polymer may be used. More preferably, PEO or PAA is used.

1.2. Amphipathic Block copolymer

In the present invention, a block copolymer refers to a polymer prepared by copolymerizing two or more monomers, and includes two or more blocks having chemically different properties. Also, the amphiphilic block copolymer refers to a copolymer in which one block of the block copolymer is a hydrophobic polymer and the other block is a hydrophilic polymer. Whether each block is repeated in the main chain constituting the polymer or in which one block is the main chain and another block is present in the side chain is included in the block copolymer of the present invention.

The hydrophobic polymer, which is a block forming the amphipathic copolymer, is a polymer that does not have a polar or charged functional group in the main chain or side chain of the polymer chain and is therefore insoluble in a polar solvent such as water. The hydrophobic polymer can be used without limitation as long as it has a sufficient strength as a support for a nano-porous film in which a highly crystalline or amorphous polymer is also produced. Preferably made of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyalkyl (metha) acylate) and polyester One selected from the group can be used. More preferably, PE, PP or PS is used.

The hydrophilic polymer which is another block forming the amphiphilic block copolymer refers to a polymer dissolved in a polar solvent such as water by having a polar or charged functional group in a main chain or a side chain of the polymer chain. The hydrophilic polymer may be either crystalline or amorphous, and may be used without limitation as long as it is chemically compatible with the hydrophilic homopolymer to be laminated together. As used herein, the term "compatible" means that the hydrophilic block of the amphiphilic block copolymer reacts with the hydrophilic homopolymer in the form of a hydrogen bond or an ionic bond to self-assemble as shown in the following chemical reaction formula 1. Scheme 1 below shows polyethylene-b-polyethylene oxide as an amphipathic block copolymer and polyacrylic acid as a hydrophilic homopolymer, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[Reaction Scheme 1]

Examples of the hydrophilic polymer include polyethylene oxide (PEO), polypropylene oxide (PPO), polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyacrylic acid (PAA) and polyvinyl alcohol And at least one selected from the group consisting of More preferably, one selected from the group consisting of polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol and polyacrylic acid is used.

The amphiphilic block copolymer is preferably selected from the group consisting of polyethylene-b-polyacrylic acid, polybutadiene-b-polyethylene oxide, polybutadiene-b-polyacrylic acid, polystyrene-b-polyethylene oxide and polystyrene- ≪ / RTI >

The preparation of the amphiphilic block copolymer having the above composition prepared in the first step of the present invention may be carried out according to a conventional method for producing a block copolymer used in the art. Specific examples include radical polymerization including ionic polymerization (anions and cations), living forms, charge-transfer polymerization, graft polymerization using an active terminal group, macro-initiator Can be used according to the polymerization method used.

The weight ratio of the hydrophobic polymer and the hydrophilic polymer constituting the amphipathic block copolymer can be appropriately adjusted according to the strength and pore size of the nanoporous film to be produced. Preferably, the weight ratio of hydrophobic polymer: hydrophilic polymer is in the range of 80:20 to 20:80, more preferably 80:20 to 50:50. When the ratio of the hydrophobic polymer is not more than 20% by weight, the strength of the nanoporous film to be produced is not sufficient. When the ratio is more than 80% by weight, the pores formed in the nanoporous film are not sufficiently formed as hydrophilic polymers.

1.3. Graft  Copolymer

In the present invention, the graft copolymer refers to a form in which a hydrophilic polymer is graft-polymerized to an amphipathic polymer. For example, when a graft polymer is connected to a single polymer chain, a group consisting of polyethylene-g-polyacrylic acid, polyethylene-g-polyethylene glycol, polyimide-g-polyacrylic acid, and polystyrene- (Polyethylene-co-polyacrylic acid-g-polyethylene oxide), polyimide-co-polyacrylic acid-g-polyethylene glycol, polystyrene -co-polyacrylic acid-g-polyethylene oxide may be used. Preferably, poly (ethylene-co-acrylic acid) -g-poly (ethylene glycol) graft copolymer (PEAA-g-MPEG) (Ethylene oxide), which is hydrophilic, is covalently linked. As shown in Reaction Scheme 2, a multi-layered complex can be formed by hydrogen bonding of the poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) portion of the graft polymer and PAA.

[Reaction Scheme 2]

1.4. Supramolecular  Compound of structure

Compared with conventional organic molecule-based supramolecular formation, the polymeric supramolecular compound of the present invention can be easily prepared as a coating film, and thus can be a new functional material capable of utilizing the binding of various molecules to guest molecules on a solid surface have. Molecules that bind to guest molecules are compounds with cavities. Their binding phenomena have been studied with supramolecular chemistry. Supramolecules refer to molecular complexes formed by aggregation of molecules or ions through non-covalent bonds such as hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interactions or Van der Waals attraction. Since typical non-covalent bonds forming the structure of supramolecules are very weak compared to covalent bonds, supramolecular materials can easily change their structure depending on the surrounding environment, so that the shape of the materials can be arbitrarily controlled by using these features. Representative principles for forming supramolecular structures are molecular recognition and self-assembly. Molecular recognition can be seen as the relationship between a lock and a key as a result of a molecule's structural fit, like an antigen-antibody reaction. Self-assembly, on the other hand, is a phenomenon in which molecules are assembled by spontaneous interaction, and the supramolecular body thus formed is attributed to the nature of the molecule. If supramolecules of ecosystems are more based on molecular recognition, supramolecular chemistry based on synthesis may be more self-assembled. Since the range of supramolecules can be quite wide, the monomolecular-based molecules can be mentioned first from the simplest and smallest unit.

Representative supramolecular compounds include crown ether, cyclodextrin, rotaxan, zeolite, porphyrin, cucurbituril, and the like.

Preferably, the supramolecular structural compound in the present invention is cyclodextrin (CyD). CyD has alpha- (α-), beta- (β-) and gamma (γ-) CyD depending on the size of the pores in the molecule.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a β-CyD polymer having a cavity and functional groups and ionizing groups capable of binding to other molecules (guest molecules: molecules impregnated in cavities) is synthesized to capture specific molecules and form thin films Of the system. According to the present invention, it is possible to prepare an ultra-thin film using polymers (single polymers or block copolymers) capable of covalent bonding through supramolecules through ionic bonding, hydrogen bonding and further condensation reaction, Multi-component & variable functional membranes, which can be replaced with new molecules that can form nanopores and re-attach to the pores. This functional membrane will be able to be used as a separation membrane to filter according to the size of the pore. Further, when the specific molecule is targeted and trapped in the pore, it can be applied to a biosensor or other molecular monitoring system. For example, it can be used as a coating film of a biosensor, and can be used for collecting specific bioactive molecules, separating blood cells in blood, and detecting specific proteins or factors. In addition, nanoscale morphology can be formed along with nanopores And can be used to study characteristics related to life phenomena such as cellular activity. In particular, it is expected that the separation membrane may contain isomer specificity and chirality, which are particularly important in the biochemical phenomenon. This is due to the fact that the macromolecules in the collection process, the supramolecular body study and the pharmacodynamic effect by isomer separation, It is hoped that this method will be useful for studying microbial activities.

1.5. rotation The laminate

Lamination of the multilayer film can be performed through a layer-by-layer (LbL) process. The LbL process refers to a method of preparing a multilayer laminate by dissolving the polymer to be laminated in an appropriate solvent, applying the solution on the surface of the substrate, and drying the solvent to form a single layer, and repeating the process. When a polymer solution dissolved in a solvent is applied to a substrate and dried to prepare an alternate laminate, a multi-layer laminate having a large area and a uniform thickness can be obtained.

At this time, the concentration of the solvent for dissolving the hydrophilic homopolymer, the amphiphilic block or graft copolymer, or the polymer solution obtained therefrom can be appropriately selected. For example, the hydrophilic monomers may be dissolved in polar solvents such as water or alcohols, 1,4-dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, and the amphipathic block copolymer may be prepared using a nonpolar solvent such as toluene, benzene, It can be produced as a polymer solution at a high temperature. The amphiphilic graft copolymer may be prepared as a polymer solution by using a solvent such as N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), pyridine (PY), or dimethylacetamide (DMAc). Further, in the case of the supramolecular structure compound, a solvent such as water or alcohol can be used.

When the supramolecular structure compound is applied, it is preferable to maintain the pH of the solution in which the supramolecular structure compound is dissolved in an appropriate range because of ionic bonding due to the ionization of the ionization unit. For example, the pH may range from 2.0 to 8.0, wherein the solution of the hydrophilic homopolymer is preferably in the range of 2.0 to 8.0.

Another advantage of adopting the LbL process in the lamination of the multilayered film in the present invention is that the multilayered laminate can be made thinner than the conventional method, so that the stability of the porous thin film produced by etching, the uniformity of the nanopores .

Another advantage of adopting the LbL process in the lamination of the multilayer film in the present invention is that the LbL process is not limited to the shape of the surface of the substrate to which the LbL process is applied, There is an advantage to be able to.

In the polymer multilayer film prepared using the LbL process, the alternating laminate of the hydrophilic homopolymer and the amphipathic block or graft copolymer can be represented by a general formula of (A / B) _nBL . B represents a layer formed by lamination of an amphipathic block or a graft copolymer, A / B represents a layer formed by a bilayer (BL) of A and B, A represents a layer formed by lamination of a homopolymer, B represents a layer formed by lamination of an amphipathic block or a graft copolymer And n represents the number of times of lamination of the repeating unit bilayer contained in the alternating laminate. In the embodiment of the production method according to the present invention, n is preferably 0 to 100, more preferably 2 to 80, still more preferably 5 to 50, and most preferably 2 to 20.

N is an integer; Or 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, and so on. For example, if (A / B) _{2. 5BL} is designated, the repeating unit consisting of A / B is stacked twice and then the A layer is further stacked one more time , And the case where the outer layers of the laminate are finished with the A layer.

The thickness of the alternating laminate having the above-described structure can be adjusted according to the concentration of the polymer solution, the coating thickness, and the number of application times.

In addition, the method for producing a nanoporous membrane of the present invention can be carried out by laminating a hydrophilic homopolymer and a supramolecular structure compound on the surface of a hydrophilic homopolymer and an alternating laminate of an amphipathic block or a graft copolymer or on the surface of a porous substrate And alternately repeating the steps to provide a polymer multilayer film in which alternating layers of a hydrophilic homopolymer and a supramolecular structural compound are formed.

In the present invention, the alternating laminate of the hydrophilic homopolymer and the supramolecular structure compound can be represented by a general formula of (C / D) _nBL . C represents a layer formed of a laminate of homopolymers, D represents a layer formed of a laminate of supramolecular structural compounds, and C / D represents a repeating unit formed of a bilayer (BL) of C and D , And n represents the number of times of lamination of the repeating unit bilayer contained in the alternating laminate. In the embodiment of the production method according to the present invention, n is preferably 1 to 100, more preferably 2 to 80, still more preferably 5 to 50, and most preferably 2 to 20.

N is an integer; Or 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, and so on. If after an integer number of 0.5 shown as being added, for example, (C / D) _2. When indicated as _5BL is a C layer was added after the repeating unit made up of a C / D with twice laminate is once again laminated , And the case where the outer layers of the laminate are finished with the C layer.

The thickness of the alternating laminate having the above-described structure can be adjusted depending on the concentration of the polymer and supramolecular structure compound solution, the coating thickness, and the number of application times.

In the case of providing a polymer multilayer film in which alternating layers of a hydrophilic homopolymer and a supramolecular structural compound are formed by alternately laminating a hydrophilic homopolymer and a supramolecular structure compound on the surface of the porous substrate, Or a step of forming an alternate laminate of a graft copolymer is omitted.

Alternatively, the alternating layered structure of the hydrophilic homopolymer and the supramolecular structural compound may precede or follow the step of forming the microphase-separated polymer membrane. When the microporous polymer membrane produces pores through the PAA dissolution method, It is possible.

1.6. Porous substrate

In step S1, the porous substrate may be porous alumina, a silicon wafer, or a porous polymer film. For example, as the porous polymer membrane, fluorinated polyvinylidene (PVDF), polyimide (PI), and polyethersulfone (PES) membrane may be used. On the other hand, the porous substrate may be a microfiltration membrane, an ultrafiltration membrane, a nanofiltration membrane, a reverse osmosis membrane, or a normal osmosis membrane depending on the pore size present therein.

The porous substrate may be pretreated with a known method such as a plasma treatment and / or a primer treatment in order to improve adhesion with a polymer multi-layer film to be described later. For example, when the porous substrate is made of a polymer material, the substrate may be plasma-treated according to a known method to have a functional group such as -OH on its surface. On the other hand, when the porous substrate is a porous substrate material such as an alumina or a silicon wafer, a polymer having an additional functional group such as poly (allyamine hydrochloride), poly (allylamine hydrochloride) PAH), which has been pre-treated beforehand. Pretreatment using the functional group-containing polymer may also be performed through the LbL process described above.

2. Fine Phase separation (S2)

The block or graft copolymer described above is a self-assembled polymer. Thus, the produced laminate is annealed to induce fine phase separation. The annealing is a method of increasing the degree of freedom of a polymer chain by minimizing the internal stress and re-arranging the polymer so that the hydrophilic blocks of the amphipathic block or graft copolymer are sphere, cubic, cylinder ), A gyroid or a lamella structure, and the like.

As the annealing method, there is thermal or solvent annealing. In the case of the block polymer, it is preferable to use a solvent annealing method which can control the nanostructure induced by the miscibility of the solvent and the polymer block and can prevent the deterioration of the polymer due to the short time and the high temperature. The solvents used for this purpose include, for example, toluene, benzene, hexane, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), pyridine (PY), dimethylacetamide And the like.

As the hydrophilic blocks of the amphipathic copolymer self-assemble in the annealing process, the hydrophilic single copolymers present in the other layers are also reordered. Thus, the layer formed of the amphipathic copolymer which is a part of the polymer multi-layer film prepared in the step S1 has a fine structure after the step S2.

The polymer multilayer film obtained in the step S1 of the present invention is rearranged into a so-called matrix-domain type microstructure in which the amphipathic copolymer becomes a matrix and a hydrophilic homopolymer exists as a domain. At this time, since the hydrophilic homopolymer existing in the dispersed phase has hydrophilicity, the hydrophilic polymer is distributed around the dispersed phase in the amphipathic copolymer existing in a matrix form surrounding the dispersed phase, and the hydrophobic polymer is located at a distance from the dispersed phase do. As a result, asymmetry occurs in the distribution of the hydrophobic polymer and the hydrophilic polymer in the amphipathic copolymer existing in a matrix form.

3. Pore formation (S3)

Step S3 is a step of selectively removing the homopolymer from the alternating laminate of the hydrophilic homopolymer and the amphipathic block or graft copolymer and / or the alternating laminate of the hydrophilic homopolymer and the supramolecular structure compound to form pores. In the present invention, as a method for selectively removing the homopolymer, a method of eluting and removing the hydrophilic polymer selectively using only a solvent is adopted, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

As the solvent for removing the hydrophilic homopolymer in the present invention, a solvent having a high polarity such as water, an aqueous acid solution, or alcohol may be used alone or in combination thereof. For example, in the case of PEO, it can be selectively removed with a solvent such as water, ethanol, methanol, acetone, glycerol, acetic acid, pyridine or the like. PEG can be selectively removed using a solvent such as water, ethanol, methanol, acetone, glycerol, acetic acid, pyridine, or the like. PAA can be selectively removed by using an alcohol solvent such as water, ethanol, or methanol and a solvent such as acetone, glycerol, or acetic acid. PVA can be selectively removed using water.

In addition, the selective removal of the hydrophilic homopolymer may be performed at room temperature, or may be performed in a warmed state in consideration of the solubility of the polymer, the boiling point of the solvent, the melting point of the polymer employed, and the like.

On the other hand, it is natural that after the selective removal of the homopolymer, an additional process such as a process of washing the nanoporous film manufactured using an appropriate solvent or a process of drying may be performed.

As described above, due to the removal of the homopolymer, pores are formed to form a porous film as a whole. The pores thus formed may form a three-dimensionally linear channel to penetrate the membrane in the thickness direction, or may be in the form of passing through the membrane while forming a network.

In the porous membrane of the present invention, a hydrophilic surface can be expected because at least one selected from the group consisting of PEO, PEG, PAA and PVA is located in the channel. Accordingly, the pore channel formed of the hydrophilic polymer block functions to pass a hydrophilic substance, for example, water, alcohol or the like in the thickness direction of the membrane.

The pore size of the pores formed by the hydrophilic block can be controlled by a method depending on the molecular weight of the hydrophilic block and the content in the blend composition. The nanopores formed by the hydrophilic block preferably have an average pore size of 20 to 300 nm. If the size of the nano pores does not reach 20 nm, there is a problem that the flux during transmission is too small. When the size exceeds 300 nm, the nanofiltration characteristic may not be exhibited.

In addition, a conventional technique can be used for a method of manufacturing a microfluidic device using a nanopore membrane formed according to the above manufacturing method. Therefore, detailed description thereof will be omitted in this specification.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples. It is to be understood by those skilled in the art that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and that the scope of the present invention is not construed as being limited by these examples.

One. Manufacturing example

1.1. The amphiphilic block or graft copolymer and the hydrophilic homopolymer

The present invention is a method for applying a polymer thin film to the surface of any ultrafiltration and microfiltration membrane as a composite membrane or a nanofiltration membrane. For this purpose, a layer-by-layer (LbL) technique was used. Block polymers, graft polymers and hydrophilic monomers were used to form smaller nanopores in the thin film. Cyclodextrin oligomers were introduced.

Polyethylene (ethylene oxide) (EEO) is used as a block polymer, and hydrophobic polyethylene and hydrophilic poly (ethylene oxide) are covalently linked.

Poly (ethylene-co-acrylic acid) -g-poly (ethylene glycol) graft copolymer (PEAA-g-MPEG) was used as the graft polymer. Hydrophilic poly (ethylene oxide) is a covalent bond. Poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) is the single polymer used for forming the multilayer film.

Β-CyD oligomers were introduced into the films through the ionic bonding of PAA with β-cyclodextrin (β-CyD) multimers having cationic charge functional groups on the multilayer film formed by hydrogen bonding.

The block polymer used in the examples of the present invention used EEO1 having a total molecular weight of 32k and an asymmetric block ratio, and EEO2 having a total molecular weight of 26k and a block symmetric. The molecular weight of the graft polymer is 1700 g / mol, and the proportions are PE (67%), PAA (5%) and PEG (28%). The introduced β-CyD multimer is a substance synthesized by imparting cationic properties, and its molecular weight is about 3500. Poly (allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH), a single polymer, was used to increase the adsorption capacity of the polymer thin film and the substrate.

All polymers were made in solution using a suitable solvent. PAH and CyD were prepared as solutions by using deionized water according to the characteristics, solubility and bonding principle of polymer, and deionized water and 1,4 - dioxane were used as solvents, respectively, depending on the conditions of coupling EEO to toluene and PAA. PEAA-g-MPEG and PAA were prepared by using N-methyl pyrollidone (NMP) as a solvent when a polymer thin film was prepared using a graft polymer. The solution was prepared at a concentration of 0.01-1 mM, and toluene, 1,4-dioxane and NMP were heated to 80 ° C to increase the solubility.

1.2. Experimental preparation and preprocessing

The LbL method can form a polymer coating on various types of surfaces, regardless of substrate shape or type. In the present invention, a polymer coating film is formed on the surface of an alumina membrane made of an ultrafiltration membrane.

2 is a schematic diagram of an alumina membrane. In the present invention, cylinder-shaped pores are present in the supporting layer as the disk-shaped alumina membrane, and the active layer for determining the membrane separation ability has an average pore size of 0.1 mu m and 0.02 mu m.

Regardless of the type of substrate, all substrates used in the experiment were cleaned before the experiment in order to remove foreign substances on the surface. First, the substrates were immersed in a washing solution made of water and micro-soap at a ratio of 100: 1, followed by washing with an ultrasonic cleaner for about 15 minutes. Then the rinse solution remaining in the substrate was rinsed and then placed in deionized water. The rinse was repeated 3 times for 15 minutes in an ultrasonic cleaner. The washed substrates were all dried with N ₂ gas.

After all the washing and drying processes, the substrates were again surface treated. The substrates used in the examples have a hydrophobic surface that is modified to a hydrophilic surface through plasma treatment. Inside the plasma, there are electrons and ions that actively move. Therefore, it is possible to excite and ionize other substances by using this. In this experiment, the hydroxyl group (-OH) was introduced on the surface of the substrate by plasma treatment for 3 minutes. By introducing a hydroxy group on the surface of the substrate, the interaction with the positive charge of the PAH adsorbed on the substrate is achieved first.

1.3. Preparation of polymer multilayer film

1.3.1. Use of amphiphilic block copolymers

The production of the polymer multilayer film was carried out using the LbL technique. The polymer solution used was fixed at a molar concentration of 0.1 mM, and toluene, 1,4-dioxane, NMP, and deionized water were used as a solvent.

PAH is added to the deionized water at the concentration and dissolved at room temperature. In the case of block polymer, PAA is dissolved in 1,4-dioxane and EEO is dissolved in toluene. All solutions are adjusted to a concentration of 0.1 mM and PAA and EEO are fully dissolved by stirring at 80 ° C. In the case of graft polymers, both PAA and PEAA-g-MPEG dissolve in NMP, and the concentration and solution temperature are the same as for the block polymer. The dissolved polymer solution was used for the experiment without further purification.

The pre-treated substrate is immersed in the prepared polymer solution so that the dissolved polymer is adsorbed on the surface of the substrate. The first adsorbed polymer selects a polymer that can interact with the O ₂ plasma treated substrate surface. Since the main polymer constituting the thin film does not have a sufficient adsorption power with the substrate, PAH having a positive charge capable of interacting with the hydroxyl group (-OH) generated on the surface of the substrate is first adsorbed as a primer.

The lamination of the polymer thin films started with PAH leads to the lamination of PAA with the relative charge followed by the lamination of EEO. The interaction used to laminate the thin films is the PEO portion of amphiphilic EEO and the hydrogen bonding of PAA. After immersing in the EEO solution, the adsorbed substrate is immersed again in the solution of PAA and the solution of EEO.

The substrate immersed in the polymer solution is not immersed in the other polymer solution but is washed. In order to avoid contact with the directly interacting polymer solution by the washing process, the polymer which is excessively adsorbed on the surface of the substrate or adsorbed on the surface of the substrate is not removed.

1.3.2. Use of graft copolymers

A polymer multilayer film was prepared in the same manner as above except that the PEAA-g-MPEG solution was used instead of the EEO solution. Both PAA and PEAA-g-MPEG dissolve in NMP, and the concentration and temperature of solution are the same as those of block polymer. The dissolved polymer solution was used for the experiment without further purification.

1.4. Introduction of CyD into the porous membrane

 The introduction of β-CyD was carried out using LbL technology. The polymer solution used here was fixed at a molar concentration of 1 mM and deionized water was used as a solvent.

 CyD and PAA were dissolved in deionized water and all the solutions were sufficiently dissolved by stirring to a concentration of 1 mM. The solution was used to control the pH (Cy4 pH 4.5, PAA pH 5.5) to use ionic bonds.

The porous membrane formed by the hydrogen bonding is immersed in the prepared polymer solution so that the dissolved polymer is adsorbed on the surface of the substrate. The outermost layer of the porous membrane is made of PAA, so that it is immersed in the CyD solution to be adsorbed. The interaction used to laminate the thin films is ionic bonding with -NH ₃ ⁺ and -COO ^- . After immersing in the CyD solution, the adsorbed substrate is immersed again in the solution of PAA and the solution of CyD. The cleaning process and the marking method were the same as the above-mentioned production of the polymer block multi-layer film.

CyD can be introduced into the previously formed general block polymer multilayer film, the film derived from the fine phase separation structure, and the porous film formed through the PAA elution method, respectively.

1.5. Induction of fine phase separation structure of polymer multilayer film

The block polymer system annealed the polymer using a solvent annealing method and mixed toluene and 1,4-dioxane to give a degree of freedom to the block polymer and single polymer chain.

In the graft polymer system, a thermal annealing method was used and the process was carried out at 60 ° C, near the glass transition temperature of PE and PEG, so as to impart a degree of freedom to the graft polymer chain.

1.6. Pore formation

A dilute aqueous HCl solution was used as a solvent to remove the PAA. Specifically, the film-shaped specimen was immersed in a container containing 1N HCl aqueous solution for about 4 hours, and then rinsing was repeated using deionized water (DI-water) until the pH was changed to the deionized water intrinsic pH. Thereafter, the moisture remaining in the sample was removed by using a vacuum oven to obtain a specimen of a nanoporous film having the property of a filtration membrane.

1.7. Fabrication of microfluidic devices

The microfluidic device was fabricated on the basis of poly (dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS), and the monomer Sylgard 184A and the crosslinking agent sylgard 184B were mixed at a weight ratio of 9: 1. It can be crosslinked in the oven at 60 ° C for 3 hours to make a transparent and elastic rubbery element.

Since the microfluidic channel fabricated by PDMS has a hydrophobic surface with a contact angle of about 90 ° of PDMS itself, it is difficult to control the flow rate with water. Therefore, the surface of the microfluidic channel should be hydrophilically modified using a polymer coating. The surface was modified by injecting 0.01M PAH and 0.01M PAA into the channel using syringe.

The middle part of the channel of the microfluidic device fabricated by PDMS was cut perpendicular to the channel and the porous membrane was inserted. After that, the PDMS element with the channel and the flat plate-like PDMS were bonded to each other after plasma treatment for 3 minutes.

2. Evaluation

2.1. Characterization of polymer multilayer film

2.1.1. Characteristics due to introduction of cyclodextrin

FIG. 3 is UV-Vis data measured after dyeing the laminated film under the conditions of PAH / (PAA / CyD) with methylene blue. The pH condition of PAA was different when LbL was laminated, and it was confirmed that there was a difference in absorbance. The increase in absorbance means that PAA and CyD are introduced into the film in a large amount. That is, the absorbance can be measured to confirm whether or not the lamination is well performed.

The higher absorbance of B is expected to be due to the greater interaction between PAH and PAA introduced into the primary layer and the increase in absorbance with increasing number of lamination does not appear. A shows an increase in the absorbance with certainty depending on the number of bilayers. Therefore, it can be said that the lamination of CyD and PAA is better than in condition B. As the pH of each material adjusts, the film having different lamination degree is formed, so that the optimum condition can be confirmed.

2.1.2. Wettability

A polymer thin film was formed on a 20 nm alumina membrane substrate in the same manner as in the above production example. The composition of the polymer thin films was PAH / (PAA / EEO) n, which formed multilayer films from 1 to 9.5 bila. Then, samples were prepared by introducing CyD on the PAH / (PAA / EEO) thin film by the LbL method from 1bilayer to 9.5bilayer. The result of measuring the contact angle is shown in Fig.

FIG. 4 shows that the contact angle of the multilayer film decreases as the number of lamination increases. In particular, it is confirmed that the contact angle when the CyD is the outermost layer is lower than that when the PAA is the outermost layer. It can be considered that the contact angle tends to decrease as the amount of CyD introduced onto the PAA / EEO film increases due to the characteristics of CyD having a hydrophilic outer shell.

2.1.3. Surface morphology

PAH (PAA / EEO) 9.5BL film was formed on the 100nm alumina film by using EEO1 having asymmetric characteristics with PAA and molecular weight of 32k, followed by solvent annealing and pore formation. Polymer thin films induced by fine phase separation were immersed in a weak acid solution for 15 minutes to selectively remove PAA in the thin film. 5 shows that a portion of the PAA that has been coupled with the PEO block is formed as a nanochannel to form a porous film.

After that, CyD was introduced as a method of LbL of CyD and PAA in each step film, and it was confirmed that CyD was introduced well (refer to FIG. 5). As a result, it can be seen that the size of pores is reduced and the coverage is better when CyD is introduced than the polymer thin film made of EEO alone.

2.1.4. Flow rate and exclusion rate

On the 20 nm alumina film, a sample including a PAA having a molecular weight of 5.7k and a sample using a 26k molecular weight of EEO2 and a sample containing CyD, which is symmetric with the block, was prepared and the flux against pure water was measured. The results are shown in FIG. From this result, it can be seen that when passing pure water, the flux value decreases after coating rather than before coating. It can be interpreted that the pores of the porous membrane are formed to be smaller in size than the UF filter. In addition, when CyD is introduced, the flux is further reduced because it is due to the small pores of CyD. Therefore, it can be confirmed that it is possible to form a film having smaller pores by introducing CyD into the existing porous film.

Next, filtration of gold nanoparticles (80 nm), a colloidal particulate material, on the membrane laminated with 9.5BL of PAH / (PAA / EEO1) and 5.5BL of (CyD / PAA) rejection). The results are shown in Fig. The separation membrane having pores can be separated from the colloidal material to the polymer material and the organic material depending on the pore size, and the separating ability and uniformity according to the pore size of the separation membrane can be expected by using the substance which can confirm the concentration. In this experiment, filtration was performed using gold nanoparticles that can be identified by UV-Vis analysis.

The rejection rate of alumina membrane (bare), a UF membrane, was calculated to be about 30%. Because the active layer pore size of the alumina membrane is 0.1 μm, most of the gold nanoparticles of 80 nm size are passed. On the other hand, filtration of the nanoporous membrane formed on the alumina membrane using the polymer resulted in an rejection rate of over 70%, and the exclusion rate of the CyD laminate was further improved to 75% or more.

The flux values of the gold nanoparticles during the filtering experiments showed that the value of the uncoated alumina membrane was significantly higher (FIG. 7), and the coated film exhibited a relatively low flux. When the film coated with PAH (PAA / EEO) multilayer film and the two samples coated with (CyD / PAA) were compared, the flux values were not significantly different.

(CyD / PAA), the exclusion rate increased, and the pore size decreased after lamination of (CyD / PAA), but the flux value was decreased by the hydrophilicity of CyD It is expected not to fall. This means that when a film incorporating CyD is formed, a porous separator having small pores can be formed without a comparatively low flux value.

Another advantage of the nanopore membrane of the present invention is that it is resistant to bio-fouling so that the membrane can reduce the adsorption of microorganisms or bacteria on the water. FIG. 9 shows that when the nanopore is coated on the surface of the polystyrene for cell culture (left), the adsorption and growth of microcells can be reduced as compared with the case without coating (TCPS). It also shows the properties as an environmentally friendly recyclable membrane membrane, with the result that it only reduces adsorption but is less biologically toxic (see Figure 10).

2.2. (PAA / PEAA-g-PEG) _nBL  Characterization of polymer multilayer film

2.2.1. NMR analysis results

NMR analysis results of the PEAA-g-PEG sample formed through the grafting reaction of PEAA and MPEG are shown below.

A peak analysis of 3 ~ 4ppm and 7ppm of the synthesized PEAA-g-PEG sample showed 75% grafting. In FIG. 16, peaks do not appear in the vicinity of 3 to 4 ppm in PEAA, but peaks appear in PEAA-g-PEG. In addition, it can be confirmed that the acrylic acid contained in the existing PEAA reacts with MPEG to form a graft copolymer because the peak around 7 ppm is decreased. NMR analysis and FT-IR showed the ratio of the constituent components of the graft copolymer synthesized.

2.2.2. Wettability

A polymer multilayer thin film was formed using a graft polymer instead of a block polymer as in Production Example 1.3.2. The contact angle was measured and the results are shown in Fig. When the contact angle was measured as the multilayer film was formed, the contact angle was significantly lower at the beginning, but the contact angle was increased as the number of times of lamination increased. This is presumably because the hydrophobic PE occupies a large portion of the molecular weight of the copolymer PEAA-g-MPEG used and is formed toward the surface during the lamination of the multilayer film.

therefore 24h, 48h and 72h, and the contact angle was measured and shown in Fig. At this time, the annealing temperature was 50 ° C and 60 ° C, slightly higher than the glass transition temperature of PEG, in order to expose PEG to the surface which is hydrophilic and has anti-fouling effect.

As shown in FIG. 12, it can be seen that after annealing, the contact angle is remarkably reduced (that is, exhibits a hydrophilic tendency). The annealing temperature is lower than that at 60 ℃ when the temperature is 50 ℃. The higher the temperature, the higher the possibility of exposing the PE to the surface because it affects the PE part as well. The longer the annealing time, the lower the contact angle is because of the increased fluidity of the PEG for a long time, which seems to affect the surface properties.

2.2.3. Surface morphology

In order to investigate the possibility of laminating the graft polymer PEAA-g-MPEG using PAA and LbL method, lamination was carried out on an alumina membrane of 20 nm pore size. The surface morphology according to the number of times of lamination is shown in Fig. As the number of lamination increases, the pores on the surface of the membrane become smaller, so that lamination is possible, and the morphology of the surface differs according to the outermost layer. After annealing as shown in FIG. 14, a morphology different from the existing laminated surface can be confirmed.

2.2.4. Antifouling property evaluation

In order to confirm whether the formed polymer multilayer film can suppress the foulring phenomenon which is the biggest disadvantage in the nanofiltration membrane, it was tried to confirm the anti-fouling phenomenon through the cell adsorption experiment. The cells were coated on a glass substrate substrate for observation with an optical microscope, and then the cells were dispensed. HEK293 cells and HeLa cells were used for the experiments. 15, it can be seen that the cells are adsorbed and divided by the passage of time in the absence of the multi-layered film, and the population increases. On the other hand, in the part where the multilayer thin film was formed, cell adsorption did not occur even after a lapse of time, so that the population did not increase even after 7 days.

This phenomenon is a composite result of the phenomenon that the coating film contains water due to the hydrophilic surface modification to prevent cell adsorption and the phenomenon that the cell adsorption is prevented by the graft type PEG formed on the surface of the multilayer thin film (PEGylation). This phenomenon was the same after annealing, and thus it was confirmed that the (PAA / PEAA-g-PEG) multilayer thin film had anti-staining properties.

2.2.5. Flow rate evaluation

The water flux was measured using a dead-end system to observe the change of the membrane flux due to hydrophilic surface modification and pore size change by introducing polymer blend multilayer into the alumina membrane. In FIG. 16 showing the results, it can be seen that the flux increases when the polymer multilayer film is introduced, compared with the conventional alumina membrane. The flux difference is also seen in the 8BL where the outermost surface is PEAA-g-PEG and the 8.5BL in which the outermost surface is PAA because the surface wettability is higher when the PAA, which is more hydrophilic than the amphipathic PEAA-g-PEG, see.

2.2.6. Exclusion rate

An aqueous solution having a molecular level compound dissolved in the microfluidic device into which the polymer membrane was inserted was flowed into the channel to confirm how much it was filtered by the porous membrane.

The compounds were prepared by dissolving 1 mM methylene blue (1.5 nm), a staining solution, 1 M FITC-BSA (7 nm) tagged with fluorescent molecules, 0.01 wt% gold nanoparticles and 0.01 wt% magnetic nanoparticles Respectively. The porous membrane was coated with a PAH / (PAA / PEAA-g-MPEG) 9BL polymer coating film as a graft copolymer to an unlaminated alumina membrane having a pore size of 20 nm. The solution before filtration by the membrane and the syringe pump were used to flow at a flow rate of 0.5 ml / h to compare the filtered solutions through absorbance.

The pore size of the nanoparticle pore membrane is 5 ~ 30nm, which causes cutoff and filtering. Referring to FIG. 17, large-sized magnetic nanoparticles and gold nanoparticles were eluted at about 100% and FITC-BSA having a size of about 70 to 80% was eluted. It was confirmed that methylene blue having a very small size was filtered by about 50%. As a result, it was confirmed that particles and molecules can be grafted by pore size, and only necessary biomolecules can be passed through to the next step.

Also, the results of FIG. 18 show that a polymer nanopore coating can selectively remove a small molecule sample (protein: FITC-BSA, model drug: MeB) that could not be properly filtered or collected in a conventional alumina membrane Lt; / RTI > Membrane membranes containing the supramolecular chain cationic CyD have the ability to capture the stereoisomers that are particularly important in the drug, with the result that the resolution is comparable to that of the polymer polymer film.

2.3. Surface properties of microfluidic devices

The surface of the microfluidic channel fabricated by PDMS was hydrophobic and the surface was made hydrophilic by polymer coating because it was difficult to control the flow rate with water. PDMS was laminated to 9.5BL under conditions of (PAH / PAA) as a substrate, contact angle was measured, and the results are shown in FIG.

When the surface of the PDMS with the contact angle of 90 ° was laminated with the n-layer consisting of the outermost layer of PAA, it showed a hydrophilicity of about 10 ° to 20 °. When laminated with the n + 0.5 layer composed of the outermost layer of PAH, ° ~ 45 °, respectively. It was confirmed that the wettability of the surface can be controlled by the contact angle measurement according to the outermost layer and the number of layers of the polymer electrolyte. When fabricating the microfluidic channel by PDMS, the inside of the channel is modified to be hydrophilic, I can confirm that I can do it.

2.4. Evaluation of PVDF Membrane - PAA / CyD Multilayer Film

2.4.1. Thickness comparison

The thickness of the multilayer film was measured by the ellipsometer in order to increase the thickness of the multilayer film as the number of multilayer films increased. The Ellipsometer can be analyzed using the refractive index of the substrate and the polymer used, and it is expressed as a mean value through several measurements in the same specimen. The thicknesses of PAA and EEO laminated films and PAA and CyD laminated films were analyzed by Ellipsometer. As shown in FIG. 20, as the LbL process is repeated, the thickness of the thin film tends to increase.

The thickness of the PAA / CyD laminated film does not increase as expected when the value of n increases with respect to the initial lamination thickness. This is thought to be due to the fact that the molecular weight of t-CyD is smaller than that of polymer, and the lamination in the LbL system is not common.

2.4.2. Surface morphology

By coating the porous membrane with a multilayer film, the surface characteristics can be modified and the pore size can be controlled. Therefore, by confirming the morphology of the surface, it is possible to know the degree of formation of the multilayer thin film and the pore size. To confirm this, surface morphology was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 21 is a view showing the surface of a PVDF membrane, which is a polymer membrane, using a SEM after forming a multilayer thin film with PAA / CyD. It was confirmed that the pore size of the porous membrane decreased as the number of lamination increased from 3 bilayers to 6, 9 bilayers. Therefore, it is found that the surface morphology such as the pore size can be controlled by controlling the number of lamination.

2.4.3. Wettability

Since the separator has pores, it has a different wettability value when used as a substrate than when it is coated on a slide glass and a silicon wafer. Therefore, the wettability of the multilayered film coated on the membrane was measured.

22 is a contact angle graph measured after forming a multilayer thin film on a PVDF membrane. PVDF membranes are frequently used polymer membranes for water treatment. However, since it has many hydrophobic properties to be used for water treatment, there is a problem with the flow rate. Therefore, it has a lower contact angle than the conventional contact angle through surface coating using hydrophilic property modifiable PAA and CyD. It was confirmed that the contact angle gradually decreased with the progress of the lamination, and it was confirmed that the surface was modified to have hydrophilic property due to the coating.

2.4.4. Flow rate evaluation

It was confirmed that the hydrophobic surface of the membrane was hydrophilically modified by the contact angle. A filter experiment was conducted using Di-water to check whether the surface modification actually affected the flow rate of the membrane. 23 is a graph showing the flow rate measured by forming a multilayer thin film of PAA / t-CyD on a PVDF membrane. It was confirmed that the flow rate after the formation of the multilayer thin film was faster than that of the conventional PVDF membrane. When the morphology was confirmed by SEM, the pore size decreased after the formation of the multilayer thin film, and the flow rate was increased. This is because the surface of the membrane was improved to be hydrophilic after coating.

The present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments should be considered in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all differences within the scope of equivalents thereof should be construed as being included in the present invention.

Claims (17)

Alternately repeating the lamination of the hydrophilic homopolymer and the lamination of the amphipathic block or the graft copolymer on the surface of the porous substrate to form the alternating laminate of the hydrophilic homopolymer and the amphipathic block or graft copolymer;
A laminate of a hydrophilic homopolymer and a laminate of a supramolecular structure compound are alternately repeated on the surface of the alternate laminate of the hydrophilic homopolymer and the amphipathic block or graft copolymer to form a polymer multilayer film having alternately stacked layers of a hydrophilic homopolymer and a supramolecular structural compound ; And
And annealing the polymer multilayer film to form a polymer film having a fine phase separation. Providing a polymer multilayer film on the surface of the porous substrate by alternately repeating the lamination of the hydrophilic homopolymer and the lamination of the amphipathic block or the graft copolymer to form the alternating laminate of the hydrophilic homopolymer and the amphipathic block or graft copolymer;
Annealing the polymer multilayer film to form a polymer film having a fine phase separation; And
And repeating the steps of laminating a hydrophilic homopolymer and a supramolecular structural compound alternately on the surface of the polymer membrane to form an alternating laminate of a hydrophilic homopolymer and a supramolecular structural compound. The method of claim 1 or 2, further comprising the step of removing the hydrophilic homopolymer from the polymer membrane to form pores. 3. The nanoporous membrane according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the alternating laminate of the hydrophilic homopolymer and the amphiphilic block or graft copolymer is represented by the following general formula 1:
[Formula 1]
(A / B) nBL
A represents a layer formed by lamination of a homopolymer, B represents a layer formed by lamination of an amphipathic copolymer, and A / B represents a repeating unit formed by a bilayer (BL) of A and B N represents the number of times of lamination of the repeating unit bilayer contained in the alternating laminate, and n is 2 to 100. [ 3. The nanoporous membrane according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the alternating laminate of the hydrophilic homopolymer and the supramolecular structural compound is represented by the following general formula 2:
[Formula 2]
(C / D) nBL
C represents a layer formed of a laminate of homopolymers, D represents a layer formed of a lamination of cyclodextrins, and C / D represents a repeating unit formed of a bilayer (BL) of C and D , n represents the number of times of lamination of the repeating unit bilayer contained in the alternating laminate, and n is 2 to 100. The supramolecular structure compound according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the supramolecular structure compound is selected from the group consisting of crown ether, cyclodextrin, rotaxan, zeolite, porphyrin, cucurbituril Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > nano < / RTI > pore membrane. 3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydrophilic homopolymer is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylic acid, and polyvinyl alcohol. The positive resist composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the amphiphilic block copolymer is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyethylene-b-polyethylene oxide (polyethylene-b-polyethyleneglycol), polyethylene-b-polyacrylic acid, polybutadiene- and at least one selected from the group consisting of b-polyacrylic acid, polystyrene-b-polyethylene oxide and polystyrene-b-polyacrylic acid. The graft copolymer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the graft copolymer is a copolymer of a graft polymer with a single polymer chain and is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene-g-polyacrylic acid, polyethylene-g-polyethylene glycol, polyimide- -Polyacrylic acid and the like and a polymer having a polymer chain of a copolymer are connected to a graft polymer, and examples thereof include polyethylene-co-polyacrylic acid-g-polyethylene glycol, (polyethylene-co-polyacrylic acid-g-polyethylene oxide) -co-polyacrylic acid-g-polyethylene glycol, and polystyrene-co-polyacrylic acid-g-polyethylene oxide. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the porous substrate is alumina, a silicon wafer, or a porous polymer membrane. A porous substrate;
An alternating laminate of a hydrophilic homopolymer and an amphipathic block or graft copolymer formed on the surface of the porous substrate; And
An alternating laminate of a hydrophilic homopolymer and a supramolecular structural compound formed on the surface of the alternating laminate of the hydrophilic homopolymer and the amphipathic block or graft copolymer. 12. The composition of claim 11, wherein the supramolecular structural compound is selected from the group consisting of crown ether, cyclodextrin, rotaxan, zeolite, porphyrin, cucurbituril, At least one nanoporous membrane. 12. The nanoporous membrane according to claim 11, wherein the hydrophilic homopolymer is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylic acid and polyvinyl alcohol. 12. The composition of claim 11, wherein the amphiphilic block copolymer is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene-b-polyethylene oxide (polyethylene-b-polyethylene glycol), polyethylene-b-polyacrylic acid, polybutadiene-b-polyethylene oxide, polybutadiene- , Polystyrene-b-polyethylene oxide, and polystyrene-b-polyacrylic acid. The graft copolymer according to claim 11, wherein the graft copolymer is a copolymer of a graft polymer with a single polymer chain, such as polyethylene-g-polyacrylic acid, polyethylene-g-polyethylene glycol, polyimide-g-polyacrylic acid, polystyrene- (Polyethylene-co-polyacrylic acid-g-polyethylene oxide), polyimide-co-poly (ethylene glycol), and a polymer of a copolymerized polymer chain. Acrylic acid-g-polyethylene glycol, polystyrene-co-polyacrylic acid-g-polyethylene oxide. 12. The nano-pore membrane of claim 11, wherein the porous substrate is alumina, a silicon wafer, or a porous polymer membrane. 12. A microfluidic device using the nanoporous membrane of claim 11.

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