KR20170092271A - A power saver with power factor circuit - Google Patents

A power saver with power factor circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20170092271A
KR20170092271A KR1020160013406A KR20160013406A KR20170092271A KR 20170092271 A KR20170092271 A KR 20170092271A KR 1020160013406 A KR1020160013406 A KR 1020160013406A KR 20160013406 A KR20160013406 A KR 20160013406A KR 20170092271 A KR20170092271 A KR 20170092271A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
power factor
capacitor
power
load side
load
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KR1020160013406A
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Korean (ko)
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백상혁
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백상혁
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Priority to KR1020160013406A priority Critical patent/KR20170092271A/en
Publication of KR20170092271A publication Critical patent/KR20170092271A/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
    • H02J3/1828—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepwise control, the possibility of switching in or out the entire compensating arrangement not being considered as stepwise control
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/70—Regulating power factor; Regulating reactive current or power
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/22—Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS] or power factor or reactive power compensating or correcting units

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a power saving device having a power factor control circuit, which calculates the power factor according to an input side current and a voltage of a distribution line to automatically compensates the power factor so as to be equal to the power factor calculating a power factor of a load side and automatically compensates the power factor so as to be equal to the power factor that calculates the load factor. More specifically, the present invention relates to a power saving device having a power factor control circuit, comprising a capacitor bank (10) and a power factor control unit (20). A capacitor bank (10) includes a power factor circuit in which a plurality of phase capacitors in the capacitor bank (10) is finely adjusted so that the power factor of the load side can be as close to the power factor of the input terminal of the distribution line as possible by means of the control of the power factor control unit (20) in accordance with the load connected to the power distribution line, wherein the power factor control circuit (100) includes at least one capacitor for reducing reactive power on the load side. The power factor control unit (20) calculates the power factor by measuring the voltage and current applied to the distribution line, is signal-connected to the capacitor bank (10) to cause the capacitor to be signal-connected or signal-disconnected from the load side, and controls the combination of the capacitors signal-connected to the load side so that the power factor of the load side corresponds to the calculated power factor.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a power saver with a power factor control circuit,

The present invention relates to a power saving device that includes a power factor control circuit that reduces power factor of a load on a power line, thereby minimizing power loss of the power line.

Generally, power saver is a device that reduces the amount of electric energy used by an electric device while performing the same tasks. There are three ways to reduce the amount of electricity used while performing the same amount of work. It is possible to improve one of the elements that make up the power.

In other words, it is common to adopt a method in which P (power) = V (voltage) * I (current) * COSθ (power factor)

Recently, a power saving device that increases the power factor and reduces the power of the entire distribution line has been recently launched. Generally, the power factor indicates the ratio of the active power to the apparent power in the alternating current circuit. In a normal direct current circuit, the product of the voltage and the current becomes the electric power. However, in the alternating current circuit, the product of the current and the effective value of the voltage is not necessarily the electric power. In the AC circuit, the product of the voltage and the current is called the apparent power and is multiplied by the power factor. This is because the voltage or current of the alternating-current circuit fluctuates in the form of a sinusoidal wave (sinusoidal wave), and sinusoidal phases of the alternating-current circuit do not always coincide with each other.

When the difference in phase angle is denoted by?, The voltage is V, and the current is I, the effective power is VI cos ?. Since the apparent power is VI, the effective power divided by the apparent power VI cos φ / VI = cos φ is the power factor, usually expressed as a percentage. If φ = 0, cos φ = 1 and the power becomes maximum. That is, the power factor is 1 at the highest and 0 at the lowest.

In the case of converting electric energy into thermal energy, such as electric heater or incandescent lamp, the power factor is 1, but magnetic flux is generated by a part of the current flowing from the AC power source to the iron core with an iron core, such as an electric motor or a transformer, In operation and storage of energy like capacitors, the power factor is lowered and the power factor is worse.

As described above, the power factor is a correlation between the active power and the reactive power. If the current flows backward within 90 degrees based on the voltage --- ground (inductive load), if the current flows ahead of 90 degrees within the voltage --- It is a phase (capacitive load), and most of the load we use consists of a resistive circuit and an inductive load (coil).

Under the resistance + inductive load, the voltage precedes the current (refer to the impedance triangle, within -90 degrees of theta angle). In order to improve it, the current is compensated for It is to do.

In order to overcome various problems caused by a low power factor, various methods for improving the power factor have been proposed. Common power factor improvement methods include voltage control, power factor control, current detection, time control, and dynamic control.

The power factor is calculated so that a phase contensor (capacitive load) is installed according to the inductive load. Therefore, since the inductive load is large in the daytime, the phase conten- tors compensate for the load. In the nighttime, A phenomenon that becomes a leading phase occurs.

In other words, the inductive load is lost and the phase becomes defective due to the phase conten- tizer. As a result, the electric current starts to be ahead of the voltage and the reactive power is generated in the final phase. Thus, a charge is imposed on the real- In order to prevent this, there is a problem that a timer is installed in the high-pressure room and an additional facility for automatically turning off the condenser at night is required.

Korean Patent Application No. 10-2014-0080580 Korean Utility Model Application No. 20-2002-0018363

The present invention solves the problem of a conventional power factor control circuit that can be over-compensated at a light load such as at night, resulting in an increase in voltage to the distribution line and an excessive current.

The power factor control circuit of the present invention is equipped with a power factor control circuit that monitors the power factor of the load side with the power distribution line and controls the power factor by combining and disconnecting the capacitors according to the necessary conditions for the ineffective phase or ground load, Power savings.

A power saver including a reverse current control circuit according to the present invention is a power saver including a power factor control circuit (PFC) that improves a load side power factor of a distribution line to minimize power loss,

Wherein the power factor control circuit includes: a capacitor bank including at least one capacitor for reducing reactive power on the load side; And

The power factor is calculated by measuring a voltage and a current applied to the power distribution line, and a signal is connected to the capacitor bank 10 to control the signal connection between the capacitor and the load. The power factor And a power factor control unit for controlling a combination of capacitors connected to each other.

The power factor control unit may further include a capacitor information unit for recognizing the capacities of the capacitors in the capacitor bank, and the capacitor is sequentially connected to the load from the capacitor having the maximum capacity through the capacitor information unit.

The power saver having the power factor control circuit according to the present invention can automatically adjust the capacity of the capacitor for reducing the reactive power of the load according to the load so as to improve the power factor of the load corresponding to the power factor of the input stage to the power distribution line By providing a circuit, there is a remarkable effect that power loss and power drop of the line can be minimized.

In addition, since the power loss and the voltage drop of the distribution line are alleviated, the wiring size can be reduced, and the power supply to the load far from the distribution facility is facilitated.

1 is a block diagram of a power factor control circuit according to the present invention;
2 is a circuit diagram showing a preferred embodiment of the power factor control circuit according to the present invention.

The embodiments of the present invention may be modified in various forms, and the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described in detail below. And detailed descriptions of known functions and configurations that may be unnecessarily obscured by the gist of the present invention will be omitted.

The power factor control circuit (100) includes a power factor control circuit (100) that can reduce power consumption by improving the load factor of the distribution line, and the power factor control circuit (100) A capacitor bank (10) including at least one capacitor for the capacitor; And a capacitor connected between the capacitor bank and the capacitor bank to measure a voltage and a current applied to the power line and the power line to calculate a power factor and to connect the capacitor to the capacitor bank, And a power factor control unit (20) for controlling the power factor so as to correspond to the power factor calculated by the load side power factor.

The power factor control unit 20 further includes a capacitor information unit 21 for recognizing the capacities of the capacitors Cn in the capacitor bank 10. The power factor control unit 20 includes a capacitor information unit 21, (Cn) sequentially connected to the load side.

In addition, when the power factor of the load is greater than the power factor calculated by the combination of the capacitors Cn connected to the load, the power factor controller 20 controls the capacity of the condenser Cn having the smallest capacity among the capacitors Cn signal- So that the power factor is controlled so as to correspond to the power factor calculated by the load-side power factor.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a power saving device having a power factor control circuit according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a power factor control circuit of a power saver according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a power factor control circuit according to the present invention.

1 and 2, the power saver of the present invention includes a transformer for transforming and changing an input voltage of each phase (R, S, T, N) And a power factor control circuit 100 that automatically controls and adjusts the power factor corresponding to the voltage and current on the load side to the power factor applied to the power distribution line .

The power saving device according to the present invention is characterized by measuring an input voltage and an input current which are connected to an input terminal of a distribution line and applied to the distribution line from the outside and measuring a voltage difference between the voltage and current at the input terminal to the distribution line Power factor control circuit 100 for calculating the input terminal power factor to the power line, the apparent power, the apparent power, the reactive power, and the power line to the distribution line so that the power factor of the load side automatically corresponds to the power factor of the input terminal.

The power factor control circuit (100) includes a capacitor bank (10) including at least one capacitor for reducing reactive power on the load side, and a power factor calculator for calculating a power factor by measuring voltage and current applied to the power line, And a power factor control unit 20 connected to the bank 10 to control signal connection between the capacitor and the load side and to control the combination of capacitors connected to the load side so as to correspond to the power factor calculated by the load side power factor .

The power factor control unit 20 is connected to a capacitor bank 10 formed of at least one capacitor Cn to transmit a control signal to the capacitor bank 10 so that the capacitor is separately signal- .

The capacitor bank 10 is a group of capacitors including at least one capacitor Cn connected in parallel to the load side of the distribution line to reduce the reactive power on the load side.

The capacitor Cn minimizes the reactive power on the load side by compensating for the mismatch between the current waveform and the contact waveform on the load side and making them coincide with each other. The capacitor Cn or the special capacitor having a fast discharge charging time is mainly used.

That is, the ground reactive power of the load side to which the reactance load such as the motor is connected is canceled by the phase ineffective power of the condenser Cn to reduce the apparent power so that the power factor of the load side approaches 1 or the power factor The power loss and the voltage drop of the distribution line can be minimized by adjusting the power factor.

A plurality of the capacitor banks 10 may be provided, and signals are connected to the power factor control unit 20 by a connector, an RS232, or a bus line.

Therefore, the power factor control unit 20 can control each of the plurality of capacitor banks 10 or the entire capacitor bank 10, and the capacitors Cn in the capacitor bank 10 can be individually controlled.

The capacitor bank 10 may have a constant number n of capacitors C of the same capacity and preferably a plurality of capacitors Cn having different capacities so as to finely control the power factor of the load side So as to be as close as possible to the power factor of the input to the distribution line.

Each of the capacitors Cn in the capacitor bank 10 is connected in parallel with a discharge resistor Rd and is connected between the capacitor Cn and the load side in accordance with a control signal of the power factor control unit 20. [ And a triac (30) element for connecting / disconnecting the capacitor (Cn) to the load side is formed.

An inductor 40 is connected between the triac 30 and the load.

Next, a preferred embodiment in which the power factor control unit 20 of the power factor control circuit 100 according to the present invention configured as described above adjusts the load side power factor by controlling the capacitor Cn of the capacitor bank 10 will be described .

The capacitor bank 10 includes at least one capacitor Cn and capacitors Cn of C1 to Cn having different capacities are provided in one capacitor bank 10. The capacitors Cn, To Cn are connected to the triac 30 and are connected or disconnected from the load according to ON / OFF of the triac 30 device.

The triac element 30 is a kind of electronic switch which does not burn off a contact and is turned on and off at 0 V in accordance with a control signal of the power factor control unit 20 and is turned on / (Cn) to the load side to prevent noise or spark that may occur when the signal is connected to the load side.

The capacitor Cn in the capacitor bank 10 is preferably set to an appropriate capacity and number in accordance with the power factor measured at the load side. The capacitor Cn can be variously configured according to load requirements.

In the embodiment of the present invention, six capacitors (C1 to C6) having different capacitances are formed in the capacitor bank 10, six capacitors (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 and C6) (2 n -1 or hexadecimal), and the total capacitance of the capacitor can be finely adjusted by this combination, so that the power factor of the load can be as close as possible to the power factor of the distribution line have.

Each of the capacitors Cn of the capacitor bank 10 is connected to the power factor control unit 20 through the triac 30 and is connected to the load side under the control of the power factor control unit 20 The combination of the capacitors Cn reduces the reactive power on the load side and improves the power factor on the load side.

The power factor control unit 20 measures and inputs a current and a voltage input to the input terminal of the power line and calculates a phase difference φ between the current I and the voltage V, ) And the power factor (VI cos? / VI = cos?) Obtained by dividing the active power by the apparent power.

The power factor control unit 20 sequentially connects and disconnects the capacitor Cn to the load side based on the power factor of the input terminal to the distribution line calculated by the calculation and appropriately combines the signal connected capacitor Cn The capacitor Cn of the capacitor bank 10 is controlled so that the power factor of the load side is closest to the calculated power factor.

That is, the power factor control unit 20 sequentially connects the capacitor Cn in the capacitor bank 10 to the load side. At this time, the power factor control unit 20 controls the power factor control unit 20 to switch from the capacitor having the largest capacitance in the capacitor bank to the lower capacitor, And continues to increase the number of capacitors Cn to which the signal is connected until the power factor of the load side is closest to the calculated power factor.

For example, six capacitors having a capacitance difference of 60 uF between 10 and 300 uF are provided in the capacitor bank 10, and the power factor control unit 20 calculates the power factor From 300uF capacitor with capacity, signal is connected to the load side, and sequentially the lower capacitor is connected to the load side to increase the number of capacitors connected to the signal.

In this case, when the power factor of the load side controlled by the capacitor of 300 uF capacitance connected to the first load side exceeds the power factor of the input terminal to the distribution line calculated by the power factor control unit 20, the power factor control unit 20 controls the signal connection Is released from the load side, and a 240 uF capacitor having the lower capacity is connected to the load side. When a power factor slightly less than the power factor calculated when the capacitor of 240 uF is connected to the load side is formed, the power factor controller 20 controls the capacitor of 240 uF and the other capacitor (capacity smaller than 240 uF) in the capacitor bank 10 The power factor of the load can be adjusted to be as close as possible to the calculated power factor by connecting a plurality of capacitors Cn according to the combination to the load side.

The power factor control unit 20 controls at least one of the capacitors Cn so that the combination of the capacitors Cn connected to the load does not exceed the calculated power factor when the condenser Cn is connected to the load, Are appropriately combined.

The power factor control unit 20 further includes a capacitor information unit 21 for recognizing the capacities of the capacitors Cn in the capacitor bank 10 and a capacitor Cn capacity The capacitors having the maximum capacitances among the capacitors Cn in the capacitor bank 10 are sequentially connected to the load through the information.

When the capacitor Cn is connected to the load side, the power factor control unit 20 controls the capacitor Cn in the capacitor bank 10 to be a binary counter (a flip-flop or a similar two- It is possible to connect the signal to the load side according to the method).

When the power factor of the load side exceeds the power factor calculated by the power factor control unit 20 due to the total capacity of the combination of the capacitors Cn connected to the load side, the smallest (minimum) capacity among the capacitors Cn signal- So that the load side power factor does not exceed the power factor calculated by the power factor control unit 20. [

The power factor control unit 20 calculates the capacitance of the capacitor Cn so that the load side power factor can correspond to the calculated power factor and outputs the corresponding capacitor corresponding to the calculated capacitor to the capacitor information unit 21 And selects the corresponding capacitor corresponding to the calculated capacity to control the signal connection to the load side.

If there is no corresponding capacitor corresponding to the calculated capacity, the power factor control unit 20 forms a corresponding capacitor corresponding to the calculated capacity by combining at least two capacitors Cn, and connects the capacitor combination to the load side Respectively.

The above description is merely illustrative of the technical idea of the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention but to limit the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be construed according to the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope of the claims should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

10: capacitor bank 20: power factor control unit
21: Capacitor information part 30: Triac
40: Inductor Cn: Capacitor
Rd: discharge resistance 100: power factor control circuit

Claims (8)

A power saver including a power factor control circuit (PFC) (100) that improves a load side power factor of a distribution line to minimize power loss,
The power factor control circuit (100) includes a capacitor bank (10) including at least one capacitor for reducing reactive power on the load side; And
The power factor is calculated by measuring a voltage and a current applied to the power distribution line, and a signal is connected to the capacitor bank 10 to control the signal connection between the capacitor and the load. The power factor And a power factor control unit (20) for controlling a combination of the capacitors connected in series.
The method according to claim 1,
The power factor control unit 20 further includes a capacitor information unit 21 for recognizing the capacities of the capacitors in the capacitor bank 10,
And a signal is connected to the load side sequentially from the capacitor having the maximum capacitance through the capacitor information section (21) to the capacitor having the lower capacitance.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
When the load-side power factor exceeds the power factor calculated by the power factor controller 20, the power factor controller 20 sequentially disconnects the signal from the condenser having the smallest capacity among the capacitors connected to the load to the upper capacitor, And the power factor control circuit is controlled so as not to exceed the calculated power factor.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The power factor control unit 20 calculates a capacitor capacity that allows the load side power factor to correspond to the calculated power factor, identifies the corresponding capacitor corresponding to the calculated capacity through the capacitor information unit 21, Wherein the power factor control circuit controls the signal connection to the power factor control circuit.
5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the power factor control unit (20) forms a capacity of a corresponding capacitor corresponding to the calculated capacity by at least two capacitor combinations.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the capacitors in the capacitor bank (10) are connected in parallel to discharge resistors for assisting discharge of the capacitors.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
A triac element 30 is provided between each capacitor of the capacitor bank 10 and the load side in accordance with a control signal of the power factor control unit 20 to turn on and off the capacitor and the load side And a power factor control circuit.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the power factor controller (20) selects the capacitor in a binary or hexadecimal counter scheme and controls signal connection to the load side.
KR1020160013406A 2016-02-03 2016-02-03 A power saver with power factor circuit KR20170092271A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20190019562A (en) * 2017-08-18 2019-02-27 주식회사 이플러스 Smart compensation apparatus capable of improving power-factor of leading phase and lagging phase current
KR20190028918A (en) * 2017-09-11 2019-03-20 주식회사 이플러스 Distribution board smart compensation apparatus capable of improving power-factor of leading phase and lagging phase current
KR20210147815A (en) * 2020-05-28 2021-12-07 주식회사 필인 Device for controlling power
KR102371304B1 (en) * 2021-06-28 2022-03-07 주식회사 글로벌하이세스 Industrial power saving apparatus

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20190019562A (en) * 2017-08-18 2019-02-27 주식회사 이플러스 Smart compensation apparatus capable of improving power-factor of leading phase and lagging phase current
KR20190028918A (en) * 2017-09-11 2019-03-20 주식회사 이플러스 Distribution board smart compensation apparatus capable of improving power-factor of leading phase and lagging phase current
KR20210147815A (en) * 2020-05-28 2021-12-07 주식회사 필인 Device for controlling power
KR20230002212A (en) * 2020-05-28 2023-01-05 주식회사 필인 Device for controlling power
KR20230002213A (en) * 2020-05-28 2023-01-05 주식회사 필인 Device for controlling power
KR102371304B1 (en) * 2021-06-28 2022-03-07 주식회사 글로벌하이세스 Industrial power saving apparatus

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