KR20170071207A - Autonomous driving method and system for determing position of car graft on gps, uwb and v2x - Google Patents

Autonomous driving method and system for determing position of car graft on gps, uwb and v2x Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20170071207A
KR20170071207A KR1020150179259A KR20150179259A KR20170071207A KR 20170071207 A KR20170071207 A KR 20170071207A KR 1020150179259 A KR1020150179259 A KR 1020150179259A KR 20150179259 A KR20150179259 A KR 20150179259A KR 20170071207 A KR20170071207 A KR 20170071207A
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South Korea
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uwb
mobile terminal
information
gps
communication
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KR1020150179259A
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Korean (ko)
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KR101755944B1 (en
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김태원
정재일
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한양대학교 산학협력단
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/14—Adaptive cruise control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W2050/0077—
    • B60W2050/0078—
    • B60W2050/0081—

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Navigation (AREA)
  • Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)

Abstract

An autonomous navigation method and system combining GPS, UWB and V2X is presented. A method for autonomous navigation that combines GPS and UWB includes the steps of determining a current position of a mobile terminal in operation based on GPS information, and, when the mobile terminal enters a UWB positioning interval, Based on the position information of the mobile terminal determined on the basis of the UWB communication, the current position of the mobile terminal based on the GPS information, based on the position information of the mobile terminal determined based on the V2V communication and the precision map And utilizing the information to correct.

Figure P1020150179259

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an autonomous driving method and system for determining the position of a vehicle by combining GPS, UWB, and V2X,

The following embodiments relate to an autonomous navigation method and system for determining the position of a vehicle by combining GPS, UWB, and V2X. More specifically, UWB and V2I communication are used to determine the position of a vehicle in an underground parking lot, a shadow area such as a tunnel, a part of the road such as a city center intersection, or a parking lot, in which GPS information is difficult to receive, The present invention relates to a technique for providing an autonomous running which determines the position of a neighboring vehicle through information.

Autonomous Driving is a key technology for the implementation of smart cars, and it is a vehicle technology that automatically detects the situation of roads without the driver controlling brakes, hands, and accelerator pedals.

For autonomous driving, it is very important to know the exact position of the car. At present, the position of the vehicle is determined based on the GPS information.

However, the GPS-based positioning technique has not reached within the minimum positioning error range required by the autonomous travel of about 30 cm since the accuracy of the GPS-based positioning technique has an average error of 2 to 5 m.

WiFi and Bluetooth technology, which have a smaller error range than GPS positioning and are used for indoor positioning, have a large power consumption and a large positioning error, and can be used for interference of radio waves, high density of an access point (AP) There is a difficulty in that the access point must be narrowly installed in order to position the vehicle moving a long distance due to a request. For example, in the case of Wi-Fi technology, the error range is 3 to 5 m, and the 2.4 GHz frequency band is shared by various communication methods such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, and the like.

In the case of the GPS positioning technique, there is a problem that the GPS information is not received in a shadow area such as a tunnel or an underground parking lot. In order to solve these problems, there is a technique of correcting the GPS error using sensors such as DGPS (Differential GPS), LiDAR, RADAR, and Stereo Camera. However, LiDAR and RADAR have the ability to cope with sensor malfunction and intentional attack In the case of Stereo Camera, the effect of meteorological environment is large, and it is impossible to respond to blind spot. Also, in case of DGPS and LiDAR sensor, sensor price is more expensive than vehicle price, so there is a difficulty to apply it to autonomous vehicle.

Korean Patent No. 10-1231534 describes a technique for positioning a vehicle using DGPS to reduce GPS positioning errors.

The embodiments combine GPS, UWB, and V2X communication to determine the current position of the mobile terminal, which is determined based on the GPS information before entering the UWB positioning interval, based on the position information determined based on the UWB communication V2I communication, thereby performing a self-running operation.

The embodiments correct the position information of the neighboring vehicle that has not entered the UWB positioning interval based on the corrected position information in the vehicle entering the UWB positioning interval using the UWB communication between the vehicles through the V2V communication and the precision map information , And to provide a technique for performing autonomous driving.

A method for autonomous navigation that combines GPS and UWB includes the steps of determining a current position of a mobile terminal in operation based on GPS information, and, when the mobile terminal enters a UWB positioning interval, And correcting the current position of the mobile terminal based on the GPS information based on the position information of the mobile terminal determined based on the UWB communication.

According to an aspect of the present invention, location information of a mobile terminal determined based on the UWB communication is detected by a plurality of base stations located around a road corresponding to the UWB positioning interval, and detects a UWB tag (TAG) Calculate the distance from each to the mobile terminal, and may be determined based on the calculated distance.

According to another aspect, the method may further include transmitting the corrected current position of the mobile terminal using V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) communication to the neighboring terminal before entering the UWB positioning interval.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the neighboring terminal detects a UWB tag mounted on the mobile terminal and calculates a distance between the mobile terminal and the neighboring terminal, calculates GPS distance information of the neighboring terminal, The current position of the neighboring terminal can be corrected through the information of the precise map based on the position.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the step of receiving the position information of the mobile terminal includes a step of transmitting UWB communication with the base station based on the traveling information of the vehicle sensed by the GPS module and the IMU (Inertia Measurement Unit) A slot to be used in advance can be reserved.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the step of correcting the current position of the mobile terminal based on the position information of the mobile terminal determined based on the UWB communication may include the step of, when the mobile terminal passes the UWB positioning interval, (Dead Reckoning) or RTK (Real Time Kinematic) algorithm and precise map information based on the position information of the calibrated mobile terminal, the GPS information received after passing the UWB positioning interval, and the acceleration information of the mobile terminal Thereby correcting the position information of the mobile terminal.

According to another aspect, the step of receiving the location information of the mobile terminal may receive the location information using V2I (Vehicle to Infrastructure) communication from the base station.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the UWB position location interval may indicate an area in which a plurality of base stations located in a shaded area on the road where the GPS information does not reach can recognize a UWB tag mounted on the mobile terminal through UWB communication have.

An autonomous mobile system that combines GPS and UWB includes a position determination unit for determining a current position of a mobile terminal in operation based on GPS information, a position determination unit for determining a current position of the mobile terminal in the UWB And a position correcting section for correcting the current position of the mobile terminal based on the GPS information based on the position information of the mobile terminal determined based on the UWB communication .

According to an aspect of the present invention, location information of a mobile terminal determined based on the UWB communication is detected by a plurality of base stations located around a road corresponding to the UWB positioning interval, and detects a UWB tag (TAG) Calculate the distance from each to the mobile terminal, and may be determined based on the calculated distance.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the method may further include transmitting a corrected current position of the mobile terminal using V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) communication to a neighboring terminal before entering the UWB positioning interval, The distance between the mobile terminal and the neighboring terminal is detected by detecting the UWB tag mounted on the mobile terminal, and based on the calculated distance, the GPS information of the neighboring terminal and the current position of the corrected mobile terminal, The current position of the terminal can be corrected.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the information receiver includes a slot for use in UWB communication with the base station, based on travel information of a vehicle sensed by a GPS module and an IMU (Inertia Measurement Unit) Can be reserved in advance.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the step of correcting the current position of the mobile terminal based on the position information of the mobile terminal determined based on the UWB communication may include the step of, when the mobile terminal passes the UWB positioning interval, (Dead Reckoning) or RTK (Real Time Kinematic) algorithm and precise map information based on the position information of the calibrated mobile terminal, the GPS information received after passing the UWB positioning interval, and the acceleration information of the mobile terminal Thereby correcting the position information of the mobile terminal.

According to another aspect, the base station includes a UWB reader for detecting a UWB tag mounted on the mobile terminal and a UWB positioning module for calculating position information of the mobile terminal based on information detected by the UWB reader .

According to another aspect of the present invention, the location information of the mobile terminal includes at least one of Time of Arrival (TOA), Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA), Angle of Arrival (AOA) Or RSS (Received Signal Strength).

According to embodiments, when the vehicle, which is a mobile terminal, enters the UWB positioning interval by combining GPS and UWB communication, the current position of the mobile terminal determined based on the GPS information before entering is represented by V2I By receiving and correcting through communication, autonomous travel can be performed.

According to the embodiments, the position information of the neighboring vehicle that has not entered the UWB positioning interval based on the corrected position information in the vehicle that has entered the UWB positioning interval using the UWB communication between the vehicles is referred to as V2V communication and precision map information So that autonomous driving can be performed.

FIG. 1 is a view for explaining the operation of an autonomous traveling system combining GPS and UWB according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.
2 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration of an autonomous traveling system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a diagram for explaining an operation of determining the position of a mobile terminal in a UWB positioning interval in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of providing autonomous travel by correcting a current position of a mobile terminal by combining GPS and UWB in an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a block diagram illustrating an internal configuration of an autonomous vehicle traveling system incorporating GPS and UWB in an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a diagram for explaining an operation of correcting the current position of a neighboring terminal through V2V communication in an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a flowchart for explaining an operation of correcting the current position of a neighboring terminal based on the current position of the mobile terminal corrected in the UWB positioning interval according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a block diagram illustrating an internal configuration of a neighboring terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments described may be modified in various other forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the embodiments described below. In addition, various embodiments are provided to more fully describe the present invention to those skilled in the art. The shape and size of elements in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity.

The following embodiments relate to a positioning technique for autonomous navigation of a vehicle, and more particularly to a positioning method for autonomous navigation of a vehicle, which corrects an error of a GPS positioning and performs positioning of the vehicle by combining UWB with GPS to enable autonomous travel in a shadow area, The present invention relates to a technique for providing driving.

In the present specification, a mobile terminal means a vehicle traveling on a road, a parking lot, etc., and a shaded area can indicate an area where GPS information transmitted from a satellite does not reach the vehicle. For example, the shaded area may represent a tunnel on the road, an underground parking lot, or the like.

In this specification, the UWB positioning interval indicates an area in which UWB communication is possible between a base station and a mobile station, and may be formed in a certain section of the road on which the mobile station is traveling, or in a shadow area. For example, base stations providing UWB communication in a shadow area or a section on a road may be arranged at regular intervals (e.g., 150 m, 200 m, etc.) to form a UWB positioning interval.

UWB (Ultra Wideband) Ultra Precision Positioning technology consumes less than 7 times less power than Zigbee, which is a low power short range wireless communication technology, and less than 3 times less than when receiving, It is not a privilege, but a technique that uses successive short pulses. In Korea, 3.1 to 4.8 GHz is assigned as a low band and 7.2 to 10.2 GHz as a high band. As described above, the UWB communication can precisely divide the radio wave information per unit time using the optical bandwidth of 500 MHz or more, so that it does not cause radio wave interference caused by other communication services using the existing frequency band. And, as the UWB communication does not use the carrier wave but the communication is performed in the baseband, the structure of the transceiver can be simplified. In addition, the spectral power density is low, which improves security, data transmission characteristics, and provides a higher resolution by more precise measurement of distance.

FIG. 1 is a view for explaining the operation of an autonomous traveling system combining GPS and UWB according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.

Referring to FIG. 1, the autonomous mobile system determines a current location of a mobile station based on GPS positioning for a mobile station located outside a UWB positioning interval, performs a UWB positioning on a mobile station entering the UWB positioning interval The current position of the mobile terminal can be determined. At this time, even when the mobile terminal enters the UWB positioning interval, the mobile terminal can determine the current position of the mobile terminal based on the GPS information. Accordingly, the current position determined based on the GPS information is corrected to the current position determined based on the UWB positioning, so that the positioning error of the mobile terminal can be reduced.

In addition, when the mobile terminal is traveling in a shadow area such as a tunnel, an underground parking lot, or the like, or a blind spot in which GPS information does not reach, the UWB positioning section is installed in the shadow area or the blind spot, The current location of the terminal can be determined.

2 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration of an autonomous traveling system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2, the mobile terminal 210 and the neighboring terminal 220 can receive GPS information from a satellite as a vehicle and can determine their current position based on GPS information. For example, the GPS information may include position coordinate information including latitude and longitude.

When the mobile terminal 210 starts traveling, it determines the current position of the mobile terminal based on the GPS information. When the mobile terminal 210 enters the UWB positioning interval while driving, the mobile terminal 210 determines, based on the position information of the mobile terminal, Can be corrected. At this time, the mobile terminal 210 can receive the location information of the mobile terminal located on the UWB basis from the base station 230 using V2I (Vehicle to Infrastructure) communication. Then, the mobile terminal can correct the current position of the mobile terminal based on the received location information of the mobile terminal.

The neighboring terminal 220 may be a terminal running around the mobile terminal, for example, a vehicle that has not yet entered the UWB positioning interval. The neighboring terminal 220 can receive the GPS information from the satellite and determine the current location of the neighboring terminal. The neighboring terminal 220 may receive position information of the calibrated mobile terminal 210 for V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) communication from the mobile terminal 210 having entered the UWB positioning interval and corrected in position. Then, the neighboring terminal 220 can correct the current position of the neighboring terminal determined based on the GPS information based on the position information of the calibrated mobile terminal 210.

3 is a diagram for explaining an operation of determining the position of a mobile terminal in a UWB positioning interval in an embodiment of the present invention.

3, the mobile terminal 301 running on the road can determine the current position of the mobile terminal based on the GPS information received from the satellite 302. [ When the mobile terminal 303 continues to travel and enters the UWB positioning period 310, the mobile terminal 303 searches for a location based on the location information determined by one of the plurality of base stations 304 disposed in the UWB positioning interval 310 The current position of the mobile terminal can be corrected.

At this time, the mobile terminal 303 is equipped with a UWB tag (TAG), and a plurality of base stations disposed in the UWB positioning section 310 are a UWB reader that detects a UWB tag mounted on the mobile terminal 303, And a controller (Location Control: LCT) for collecting the sensed information. Then, the plurality of base stations can detect the UWB tag of the mobile terminal 303 until the mobile terminal enters and passes through the UWB positioning interval 310. Here, the base stations may be arranged around the road corresponding to the UWB positioning interval at predetermined fixed intervals (e.g., 150 m, 200 m, etc.). At this time, the UWB communication module may be installed in the mobile terminal 303 and each base station to detect the UWB tag of the mobile terminal 303, and each base station may detect the UWB tag of the mobile terminal 303 and detect the UWB tag in the UWB reader (LCT) that collects the information that has been received. All. That is, when a UWB communication session is established with the mobile terminal 303 through the UWB communication module, each base station can detect the UWB tag using the UWB reader through the established communication session. The base stations can detect the UWB tag of the mobile terminal 303 and calculate the relative distance between each base station and the mobile terminal 230 based on the received UWB signal. Based on the relative distance, Can be determined. Herein, the location information of the mobile terminal is determined by any one of the plurality of base stations, and the reference base station transmits the determined location information to the mobile terminal (V2I) through the RSU located near the reference base station 230). For example, the base station that has first received the UWB signal from the mobile terminal 303 among the plurality of base stations or the base station with the closest distance to the mobile terminal 303 may be the reference base station. The mobile terminal 303 can still receive the GPS information from the satellite 302 in the UWB positioning period 310 as well.

The mobile terminal 303 can correct the current position based on the GPS information based on the position information received from the reference base station. For example, the mobile terminal 303 can correct the current position by changing the current position located based on the GPS information to the received position information.

4 is a flowchart for explaining an operation of providing autonomous travel by correcting the current position of a mobile terminal by combining GPS and UWB in an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 8 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of an autonomous travel system that combines GPS and UWB in the example. Fig.

5, the autonomous navigation system 500 may include a positioning unit 501, an information receiving unit 502, and a position correcting unit 503. [ 4 may be performed by the positioning unit 501, the information receiving unit 502, and the position correcting unit 503 shown in FIG. Although only one base station 510 is shown in FIG. 5, if multiple UWB tags are tagged in the mobile terminal, the UWB signals can be received from a plurality of base stations. 4 and 5, the information receiving unit 502 receives a UWB signal from the reference base station through a UWB transmission / reception module, a UWB tag, and a V2I communication for performing UWB communication when the UWB signal is transmitted through the UWB tagging, V2X (Vehicle to everything) communication module for receiving the vehicle. The base stations include a UWB transmission / reception module for UWB communication, a UWB positioning module for determining location information of the mobile terminal based on UWB positioning, and a V2X (Vehicle to everything) module for providing location information determined by the mobile terminal through V2I communication. And a communication module.

In operation 410, the information receiving unit 502 may receive the GPS information of the mobile terminal from the satellite. At this time, when the mobile terminal is before entering the UWB positioning interval, the positioning unit 502 can determine the current position of the mobile terminal based on the GPS information.

In step 420, when the mobile station continues to travel and enters the UWB positioning interval, the base station can receive position information of the mobile station located based on the UWB communication from the reference base station through V2I communication.

For example, when the mobile terminal continuously travels and enters the UWB positioning interval, the plurality of base stations located in the UWB positioning interval can sense the UWB tag mounted on the mobile terminal. For example, the plurality of base stations can receive the UWB signal from the mobile terminal by sensing the UWB tag of the mobile terminal. Then, the base station that has first received the UWB signal from the mobile station among the plurality of base stations may be determined as the reference base station.

The reference base station can determine the position of the mobile terminal based on the time at which each base station receives the UWB signal of the mobile terminal. For example, the location of the mobile terminal can be determined based on Time of Arrival (TOA) and Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA).

TOA, the location information of the mobile terminal is calculated based on the arrival time of the UWB signal of the mobile terminal received by the reference base station and the arrival time of the UWB signal received by the remaining two or more neighboring base stations located in the UWB positioning interval Can be determined. For example, a circle having a radius corresponding to a signal arrival time value centered at each base station can be virtually created. Then, if there are three base stations, three circles can be generated, and the base station can determine the intersection of the three circles as the location information of the mobile terminal. At this time, time synchronization may be performed between a plurality of base stations and mobile terminals.

When TDOA is used, several hyperbolas can be generated based on the arrival time of the UWB signal received at the reference base station and the arrival time difference of the UWB signal at the neighboring base station, and the intersection of the generated hyperbolas Can be determined. For example, when receiving a UWB signal from a neighboring base station after receiving a UWB signal from a reference base station, the reference base station can calculate a difference between the time when the UWB signal was received at the neighboring base station based on the time at which the UWB signal was received at the reference base station have. The difference is a TDOA measurement value. If there are two or more measured values, the reference base station can calculate the distance between the reference base station and the mobile terminal using the two or more measured values. At this time, two distances can be calculated, and the reference base station can determine the location information of the mobile terminal using any one of the generated two distances. Here, a process of selecting one of the two distances as a distance parameter corresponding to the location information of the mobile terminal may be used.

In this case, when three or more TDOA measurement values are generated, the reference base station can determine the location information of the mobile terminal by calculating the distance between the mobile terminal and the reference base station at a time using three or more TDOA measurement values.

In addition, the location information of the mobile terminal may be determined based on the direction in which the UWB signal of the mobile terminal is received from each base station. For example, based on the AOA (Angle of Arrival), the directions of UWB signals transmitted from mobile terminals at two or more base stations are measured by using an array antenna to measure the angle of arrival of uplink signals, Can be calculated. The reference base station can determine the position information of the mobile terminal based on two or more direction angles. The reference base station may determine the location information of the mobile terminal based on the strength of the signal received from the UWB signal of the mobile terminal. That is, the location information of the mobile terminal may be determined based on RSS (Received Signal Strength).

If the location information of the mobile terminal is determined in various manners based on the UWB signal of the mobile terminal received from the plurality of base stations, the reference base station transmits the determined location information to the mobile terminal through V2I communication through the neighboring RSU . Accordingly, the mobile terminal can receive the location information of the mobile terminal determined based on the UWB positioning from the reference base station. For example, the base station may include an RSU (Road Side Unit) as a LAP (Location Access Point), or may have an RSU separately from a base station. At this time, if the RSU exists separately, the base station is arranged around the RSU, and the location information can be transmitted to the mobile terminal through the V2I communication through the RSU.

In step 430, the mobile terminal can correct the current position of the mobile terminal determined based on the GPS positioning based on the position information of the mobile terminal received from the reference base station. For example, by changing the current position based on the GPS positioning to the position information based on the UWB positioning, the current position can be corrected.

In step 440, if the mobile terminal passes through the UWB positioning interval, the position adjuster 503 updates the position information of the mobile station corrected in the UWB positioning interval, the GPS information received after passing the UWB positioning interval, The location information of the mobile terminal can be continuously corrected by using DR (Dead Reckoning) or RTK (Real Time Kinematic) algorithm and precision map information based on the acceleration information of the mobile terminal. Here, the DR algorithm is a technique for measuring a relative position of a mobile terminal in a certain direction using a vehicle speed sensor and a gyro sensor. The RTK algorithm uses a carrier error correction value of a reference point having a precise position, It is a technology that enables us to obtain observations at a high precision level.

For example, the position correcting unit 503 may calculate the distance traveled by the mobile station by applying the acceleration information based on the position information of the mobile station corrected in the UWB positioning interval. Then, the position correcting unit 503 corrects the position of the mobile terminal based on the position according to the GPS information, the position according to the position information of the corrected mobile terminal, The current position can be corrected. For example, the position correcting unit 503 may change the current position determined according to the GPS information to a position moved from the position corresponding to the position information of the corrected mobile terminal to the calculated moving distance, Can be corrected.

On the other hand, in step 420, the information receiving unit 502 receives the driving information from the GPS module and the IMU (Inertia Measurement Unit) sensor mounted on the mobile terminal, and determines a slot to be used in UWB communication with a plurality of base stations slot can be allocated in advance. Then, the UWB positioning can be performed using the reserved slot immediately without a separate process of allocating the slot for the UWB communication when the mobile terminal enters the UWB positioning interval. Here, the running information may include GPS information, running speed information, running direction information, running acceleration information, and the like. As described above, since the slot to be used in the UWB communication is allocated in advance before the mobile terminal enters the UWB positioning interval, the position information of the mobile station can be determined based on the UWB positioning even if the mobile terminal running at high speed enters the UWB positioning interval have.

When the mobile terminal enters the UWB positioning interval, the current position of the mobile station can be corrected on the basis of the UWB positioning, but the neighboring terminal, which is a vehicle before entering the UWB positioning interval or outside the UWB communication range, A GPS error may exist due to the determination of the current location of the neighboring terminal. Accordingly, in the case of a neighboring terminal located outside the UWB communication range, the current position of the neighboring terminal can be corrected based on the corrected current position in the mobile terminal located in the UWB positioning interval through the V2V communication, The detailed operation for correcting will be described later with reference to FIG. 5 to FIG.

6 is a diagram for explaining an operation of correcting the current position of a neighboring terminal through V2V communication in an embodiment of the present invention.

6, the neighboring terminal 601 detects a UWB tag mounted on the mobile terminal 602 that has entered the UWB positioning interval 610 and has its current position corrected, and detects the UWB tag from the mobile terminal 602 to the neighboring terminal 601 The relative distance can be calculated. The neighboring terminal 601 can receive the corrected current location of the mobile terminal from the mobile terminal 602 via V2V communication. Then, the neighbor terminal 601 can correct the current position of the mobile terminal based on the corrected current position and the calculated relative distance. For example, the neighboring terminal 601 changes the point corresponding to the current position of the neighboring terminal determined based on the GPS information on the accurate map to the point corresponding to the corrected position based on the corrected current position and the relative distance of the mobile terminal The current position of the neighboring terminal can be corrected.

7 is a flowchart for explaining an operation of correcting the current position of a neighboring terminal based on the current position of the mobile terminal corrected in the UWB positioning interval according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating an internal configuration of a neighboring terminal in an embodiment.

 7 may be performed by the information receiving unit 801, the relative distance calculating unit 802, and the position correcting unit 803 of FIG. 7. 7 and 8, the information receiving unit 802 includes a UWB transmitting / receiving module for performing UWB communication when UWB signal is transmitted to the base station through UWB tagging, and a UWB transmitting / receiving module for receiving the corrected current position from the mobile terminal through V2V communication V2X (Vehicle to everything) communication module.

In FIGS. 5 and 8, when the mobile terminal enters the UWB positioning interval according to whether the mobile terminal has entered the UWB positioning interval, the mobile terminal is divided into the neighboring mobile stations when the UWB positioning interval is outside the UWB positioning interval. However, the mobile terminal and the neighboring terminal are substantially the same, and the configuration of FIG. 5 may be included in the neighboring terminal, or the configuration of FIG. 8 may be included in the mobile terminal.

In operation 710, the information receiving unit 801 may detect a UWB tag mounted on at least one mobile terminal 810 running in front of the neighboring terminal. At this time, the information receiving unit 801 can detect the UWB tag of the mobile terminal by performing UWB communication with the mobile terminal 810 through the UWB transmission / reception module mounted on the neighboring terminal.

Here, the mobile terminal 810 may be a terminal that has entered the UWB positioning interval and has its current position corrected, or does not enter the UWB positioning interval, but receives the corrected position information from the mobile terminal 810 that has entered the UWB positioning interval And may correspond to a terminal that has corrected its own position information. 7, it is assumed that the mobile terminal enters the UWB positioning interval and the current position is corrected.

At this time, the neighboring terminal located outside the UWB positioning interval of the information receiving unit 801 can receive the GPS information of the neighboring terminal from the satellite, and the current position of the neighboring terminal can be determined based on the received GPS information. Here, the GPS information may include coordinate information including latitude and longitude.

In operation 720, the relative distance calculator 802 may calculate the relative distance of the neighboring terminal from the mobile terminal 810 based on the received UWB signal by sensing the UWB tag of the mobile terminal. For example, the relative distance calculator 802 can calculate the relative distance based on information such as the strength of the UWB signal of the mobile terminal, the time of receiving the UWB signal of the mobile terminal, etc. based on TOA, TDOA, RSS, AOA, . In addition, the relative distance calculator 802 may calculate the relative distance of the neighboring terminal by further using the acceleration information, the speed information, and the direction information of the neighboring terminal detected by the IMU sensor mounted on the neighboring terminal.

In operation 730, the information receiving unit 801 may receive the corrected current position of the mobile terminal from the mobile terminal 810 through V2V communication. For example, when the mobile terminal 810 enters the UWB positioning interval, the information receiver 801 can receive the corrected current position of the mobile terminal based on the UWB positioning.

In step 740, the position correcting unit 803 may correct the current position of the neighboring terminal on the precision map based on the corrected current position of the mobile station and the calculated relative distance. For example, the position correcting unit 803 can correct the position shifted by the relative distance from the corrected current position of the mobile terminal to the current position of the neighboring terminal. That is, the current location of the neighboring terminal determined based on the GPS positioning can be corrected to the location of the neighboring terminal calculated based on the corrected current location of the mobile terminal.

At this time, as the number of mobile terminals located before the neighboring terminal increases, the accuracy of the current position of the compensated neighboring terminal can be increased. For example, when there are a plurality of mobile terminals (for example, three), the relative distances between the three mobile terminals and the neighboring terminals can be calculated, and the calculated three relative distances Three radii can be generated. Then, the position correcting unit 803 can correct the point where the generated three circles meet, that is, the intersection point, to the current position of the neighboring terminal.

When the neighboring terminal 800 enters the UWB positioning interval, the current position of the neighboring terminal can be precisely corrected based on the UWB positioning. The operation of correcting the current position on the basis of the UWB positioning has been described in detail with reference to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, and a duplicated description will be omitted.

As described above, the autonomous navigation system not only can reduce the GPS error by correcting the current position of the mobile terminal by combining GPS and UWB positioning, but also can easily reduce the GPS error in the shadow area and the blind spot, So that it is possible to continuously provide autonomous travel.

In addition, the UWB positioning section implemented in roads, shaded regions, and blind zones can be installed in many sections to reduce the GPS error range because it is much cheaper than expensive sensors such as DGPS.

Further, instead of using the UWB positioning only in the V2I communication, by correcting the current position of the neighboring terminal using the UWB positioning even in the V2V communication, the GPS error range of the neighboring terminal located outside the UWB positioning interval can be reduced. As a result, the GPS error range of the mobile terminal entering the UWB positioning interval and the neighboring mobile stations located outside the UWB positioning interval is reduced and the mobile terminal and the neighboring terminals can securely perform self-running without collision can do.

The apparatus described above may be implemented as a hardware component, a software component, and / or a combination of hardware components and software components. For example, the apparatus and components described in the embodiments may be implemented within a computer system, such as, for example, a processor, controller, arithmetic logic unit (ALU), digital signal processor, microcomputer, field programmable array (FPA) A programmable logic unit (PLU), a microprocessor, or any other device capable of executing and responding to instructions. The processing device may execute an operating system (OS) and one or more software applications running on the operating system. The processing device may also access, store, manipulate, process, and generate data in response to execution of the software. For ease of understanding, the processing apparatus may be described as being used singly, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the processing apparatus may have a plurality of processing elements and / As shown in FIG. For example, the processing apparatus may comprise a plurality of processors or one processor and one controller. Other processing configurations are also possible, such as a parallel processor.

The software may include a computer program, code, instructions, or a combination of one or more of the foregoing, and may be configured to configure the processing device to operate as desired or to process it collectively or collectively Device can be commanded. The software and / or data may be in the form of any type of machine, component, physical device, virtual equipment, computer storage media, or device , Or may be permanently or temporarily embodied in a transmitted signal wave. The software may be distributed over a networked computer system and stored or executed in a distributed manner. The software and data may be stored on one or more computer readable recording media.

The method according to an embodiment may be implemented in the form of a program command that can be executed through various computer means and recorded in a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, and the like, alone or in combination. The program instructions to be recorded on the medium may be those specially designed and configured for the embodiments or may be available to those skilled in the art of computer software. Examples of computer-readable media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks and magnetic tape; optical media such as CD-ROMs and DVDs; magnetic media such as floppy disks; Magneto-optical media, and hardware devices specifically configured to store and execute program instructions such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like. Examples of program instructions include machine language code such as those produced by a compiler, as well as high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like. The hardware devices described above may be configured to operate as one or more software modules to perform the operations of the embodiments, and vice versa.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. For example, it is to be understood that the techniques described may be performed in a different order than the described methods, and / or that components of the described systems, structures, devices, circuits, Lt; / RTI > or equivalents, even if it is replaced or replaced.

Therefore, other implementations, other embodiments, and equivalents to the claims are also within the scope of the following claims.

Claims (15)

Determining a current location of a mobile terminal in motion based on GPS information;
Receiving location information of a mobile terminal determined based on UWB communication at a base station located around the road as the mobile terminal enters the UWB positioning interval; And
And correcting the current position of the mobile terminal based on the GPS information based on the position information of the mobile terminal determined based on the UWB communication
And an autonomous navigation method combining GPS and UWB. The method according to claim 1,
The location information of the mobile terminal, which is determined based on the UWB communication,
A plurality of base stations located around the road corresponding to the UWB positioning interval senses a UWB tag (TAG) mounted on the mobile terminal, calculates a distance from each base station to the mobile terminal, Being
The autonomous navigation method combining GPS and UWB. The method according to claim 1,
Transmitting the corrected current position of the mobile terminal using V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) communication to the neighboring terminal before entering the UWB positioning interval
And an autonomous navigation method combining GPS and UWB. The method of claim 3,
The neighboring terminal,
The distance between the mobile terminal and the neighboring terminal is detected by sensing the UWB tag mounted on the mobile terminal, and the precision map information is utilized based on the calculated distance, the GPS information of the neighboring terminal and the current position of the corrected mobile terminal Correcting the current position of the neighboring terminal
The autonomous navigation method combining GPS and UWB. The method according to claim 1,
The step of receiving the location information of the mobile terminal comprises:
Reserving a slot to be used in UWB communication with the base station based on the traveling information of the vehicle sensed by a GPS module and an IMU (Inertia Measurement Unit) sensor mounted on the mobile terminal
The autonomous navigation method combining GPS and UWB. The method according to claim 1,
The step of correcting the current position of the mobile terminal based on the position information of the mobile terminal determined based on the UWB communication,
As the mobile terminal passes through the UWB positioning interval, based on the position information of the mobile station corrected in the UWB positioning interval, the GPS information received after passing the UWB positioning interval, and the acceleration information of the mobile station, ), Or correcting the position information of the mobile terminal using RTK (Real Time Kinematic) algorithm and precision map information
The autonomous navigation method combining GPS and UWB. The method according to claim 1,
The step of receiving the location information of the mobile terminal comprises:
Receiving the location information from the base station using V2I (Vehicle to Infrastructure) communication
The autonomous navigation method combining GPS and UWB. The method according to claim 1,
The UWB position location interval may include:
A plurality of base stations located in a shaded area on the road where the GPS information does not reach indicate areas in which UWB tags mounted on the mobile terminal can be recognized through UWB communication
The autonomous navigation method combining GPS and UWB. A positioning unit for determining a current position of the mobile terminal in motion based on the GPS information;
An information receiving unit for receiving location information of a mobile terminal determined based on UWB communication at a base station located around the road as the mobile terminal enters the UWB positioning interval; And
Based on the position information of the mobile terminal determined based on the UWB communication, the current position of the mobile terminal based on the GPS information,
The autonomous navigation system combines GPS and UWB. 10. The method of claim 9,
The location information of the mobile terminal, which is determined based on the UWB communication,
A plurality of base stations located around the road corresponding to the UWB positioning interval senses a UWB tag (TAG) mounted on the mobile terminal, calculates a distance from each base station to the mobile terminal, and determines Being
Which combines GPS and UWB. 10. The method of claim 9,
Further comprising transmitting a corrected current position of the mobile terminal using V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) communication to a neighboring terminal before entering the UWB positioning interval,
The neighboring terminal,
The distance between the mobile terminal and the neighboring terminal is detected by sensing the UWB tag mounted on the mobile terminal, and the precision map information is utilized based on the calculated distance, the GPS information of the neighboring terminal and the current position of the corrected mobile terminal Correcting the current position of the neighboring terminal
Which combines GPS and UWB. 10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the information receiver comprises:
Reserving a slot to be used in UWB communication with the base station based on the traveling information of the vehicle sensed by a GPS module and an IMU (Inertia Measurement Unit) sensor mounted on the mobile terminal
Which combines GPS and UWB. 10. The method of claim 9,
The step of correcting the current position of the mobile terminal based on the position information of the mobile terminal determined based on the UWB communication,
As the mobile terminal passes through the UWB positioning interval, based on the position information of the mobile station corrected in the UWB positioning interval, the GPS information received after passing the UWB positioning interval, and the acceleration information of the mobile station, ), Or correcting the position information of the mobile terminal using RTK (Real Time Kinematic) algorithm and precision map information
Which combines GPS and UWB. 10. The method of claim 9,
The base station comprises:
A UWB reader for detecting a UWB tag mounted on the mobile terminal and a UWB positioning module for calculating position information of the mobile terminal based on the information detected by the UWB reader
Which combines GPS and UWB. 10. The method of claim 9,
The location information of the mobile terminal,
A plurality of base stations are determined based on a time of arrival (TOA), a time difference of arrival (TDOA), a received signal strength (RSS), or an angle of arrival (AOA) based on a signal received from the mobile terminal
Which combines GPS and UWB.
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