KR20170061763A - Method and Apparatus for Pressure Difference Control in Multi Fluidized Beds System at High Pressure Condition and Multi Fluidized Beds System including the Apparatus for Pressure Difference Control - Google Patents

Method and Apparatus for Pressure Difference Control in Multi Fluidized Beds System at High Pressure Condition and Multi Fluidized Beds System including the Apparatus for Pressure Difference Control Download PDF

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KR20170061763A
KR20170061763A KR1020150166395A KR20150166395A KR20170061763A KR 20170061763 A KR20170061763 A KR 20170061763A KR 1020150166395 A KR1020150166395 A KR 1020150166395A KR 20150166395 A KR20150166395 A KR 20150166395A KR 20170061763 A KR20170061763 A KR 20170061763A
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South Korea
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pressure
fluidized bed
differential pressure
pressure value
control valve
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KR1020150166395A
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Korean (ko)
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KR101822117B1 (en
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류호정
이동호
조성호
이승용
백점인
진경태
선도원
이창근
박재현
배달희
박영철
문종호
주지봉
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한국에너지기술연구원
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/20—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles with liquid as a fluidising medium
    • B01J8/22—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles with liquid as a fluidising medium gas being introduced into the liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J19/2405—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside provoking a turbulent flow of the reactants, such as in cyclones, or having a high Reynolds-number
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
    • B01J8/26—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with two or more fluidised beds, e.g. reactor and regeneration installations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00026—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system
    • B01J2208/00035—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system involving measured parameters
    • B01J2208/0007—Pressure measurement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00539—Pressure

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a differential pressure control apparatus for a high-pressure multi-bed fluidized bed, a differential pressure control method, and a high-pressure multi-bed fluidized bed system having the differential pressure control apparatus. And a plurality of cyclones that are provided on the side of the discharge portion of each of the fluidized beds to discharge the gas suspended in the fluidized bed and the solid medium through the gas discharge pipe, And a loop chamber provided between the fluidized bed and preventing gas mixing and solid backflow between the plurality of fluidized beds, wherein the multi-bed fluidized bed system comprises: A pressure measuring unit for measuring an internal pressure of at least one of the plurality of fluidized beds in real time; A differential pressure measuring unit for measuring in real time a differential pressure value between two fluidized beds of the plurality of fluidized beds; And a pressure control valve provided in each of the gas discharge pipes to regulate the pressure of the fluidized bed based on the value measured by the pressure measuring unit or to control the pressure of the fluidized bed based on the differential pressure value measured by the differential pressure measuring unit Pressure fluid in the high-pressure multi-tower fluidized bed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a differential pressure control apparatus, a differential pressure control method, and a high-pressure multi-bed fluidized bed system using the differential pressure control apparatus, Control}

The present invention relates to a differential pressure control apparatus for a high-pressure multi-bed fluidized bed, a differential pressure control method, and a high-pressure multi-bed fluidized bed system having the differential pressure control apparatus.

A multi-fluidized bed system, in which multiple fluidized beds are connected, has the advantages of a fluidized bed reactor, which is superior in heat and mass transfer compared to a fixed bed reactor, as well as a gas in which different reactions occur at the same time - It is widely used for solid reaction.

The simplest use of the multi-bed fluidized bed system 100 is in the form of a two interconnected circulating fluidized bed, with FIG. 1 showing a partial schematic view of the multi-bed connected fluid bed system 100.

As shown in FIG. 1, two fluidized beds, that is, a fluidized bed 1 and a fluidized bed 2 are connected to each other. The first fluidizing gas is introduced through the first fluidizing gas inlet 21 and the second fluidizing gas is introduced through the second fluidizing gas inlet 31 under the second fluidizing layer 30 to the second fluidizing gas inlet 31, The fluidizing gas is injected separately.

Between the first fluidized bed (20) and the second fluidized bed (30), it is possible to prevent the mixing of the fluidizing gas injected into each fluidized bed reactor and to prevent the reverse flow of the solid which can be caused by the differential pressure between the two fluidized beds A loop seal 40 is installed.

1, a first cyclone 50 is provided between the first fluidized bed 20 and the loop chamber 40, and a second cyclone 50 connected to the discharge portion 32 of the second fluidized bed 30, It can be seen that the cyclone 60 is provided.

1, the first fluidized bed 20 shown in FIG. 1 has a structure in which the flow velocity of the gas is higher than that of the particles in order to circulate the solid particles. The first fluidized bed inflow section 21 of the first fluidized bed 20 is operated in a high velocity fluidized bed or transport bed condition operated at a higher flow rate than the terminal velocity, And the mixture of the scattered gas and the solid is discharged through the discharge portion 22 and flows into the first cyclone 50 and then flows into the first cyclone 50 The solid particles are separated and discharged to the lower portion through the solid discharging portion 51 and the gas is discharged through the gas discharging portion 52 above the first cyclone 50.

The solid discharged through the solid discharging portion 51 of the first cyclone 50 is introduced into the upper portion of the loop chamber 40 and is lowered by the gravity and then flows into the third fluidizing gas inlet portion Is fluidized by the third fluidizing gas injected from the first fluidizing chamber (41), and fluidized so that the height of both the loop chambers (40) becomes the same.

When the solid is continuously injected, the solid is supplied to the second fluidized bed 30 through the solid supply pipe 42 by the amount of solid to be injected. The solid supplied to the second fluidized bed 30 is fluidized by the second fluidized gas supplied from the second fluidized bed inflow section 31 under the second fluidized bed 30 and then flows into the first fluidized bed 20, Is recycled to the first fluidized bed (20) through the solid discharge pipe (33) connected between the fluidized bed (30).

2 shows a block diagram of a multi-tower fluidized bed system 100 having a pressure control device. That is, FIG. 2 shows a pressure control device for controlling the pressures of the first and second fluidized beds 20 and 30 to operate the fluidized bed system 100 shown in FIG. 1 under a high pressure condition.

2 includes a first pressure measuring unit 110 for measuring the pressure of the first fluidized bed 20 in real time and a second pressure measuring unit for measuring the pressure of the second fluidized bed 30 in real time The first pressure control valve 111 is controlled based on the pressure value measured by the first pressure measurement unit 110 and the first pressure control valve 111 is controlled based on the pressure value measured by the second pressure measurement unit 120. [ And a second pressure control valve (121).

Each of the first and second pressure control valves 111 and 121 is connected to the first and second gas discharge pipes 70 and 80 through a method of changing the opening ratio of the first and second gas discharge pipes 70 and 80, The pressure of the second fluidized bed 20, 30 can be changed. The pressure control valves 111 and 121 compares the pressure to be maintained, that is, the target pressure value P SP and the present pressure value P PV , The first and second pressure measuring units 110 and 120 for measuring the pressures of the first and second fluidized beds 20 and 30 are required to determine the driving method for increasing or decreasing the pressure of the first and second fluidized beds 20 and 30, Do.

The first pressure measuring unit 110 measures a current pressure value of the first fluidized bed 20 in real time and sends a signal to the first pressure control valve 111. In the first pressure control valve 111, when the present pressure value is lower than the target pressure value (P SP > P PV ), the opening of the first pressure control valve 111 is reduced, The pressure of the first pressure control valve 111 is increased to decrease the internal pressure of the first fluidized bed 20 when the current pressure value is higher than the target pressure value (P SP <P PV ) . This operation is continuously repeated when the current pressure value measured by the first pressure measuring unit 110 is changed or the target pressure value is changed, and the pressure is controlled by the same control method in the second fluidized bed 30 as well.

When the pressure control valves 111 and 121 are used, the pressure in the respective fluidized bed reactors changes due to the movement of the valves. As a result, differential pressure between the two reactors instantaneously occurs. The addition of branch facilities complicates the gas discharge piping, and pressure drop may occur due to the installation of filters, heat exchangers, condensate reservoirs, etc., resulting in differential pressure. When a differential pressure is generated between the two fluidized beds, the differential pressure is reflected in the height difference of the loop chamber.

3 is a cross-sectional view of the loop chamber 40 when the pressure P1 of the first fluidized bed 20 is greater than the pressure P2 of the second fluidized bed 30. FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the loop chamber 40 when the pressure of the second fluidized bed 30 is greater than the pressure of the first fluidized bed 20.

When the differential pressure P between the two fluidized beds is defined as P1-P2 (P = P1-P2) and the pressure of the first fluidized bed 20 is higher (P1> P2 and P> 0) The height of the left solid layer of the loop chamber 40 becomes lower than the height of the solid layer on the right side as shown in FIG. The greater the size, the larger the size.

On the other hand, when the solid continuously flows into the loop chamber 40 through the cyclone, the height of the solid is increased up to the minimum height H2 at which the solid can be discharged, so that the height of the H2 is hardly changed. However, when the differential pressure between the two fluidized beds becomes larger (+), the solid particles can not exist in the loop chamber 40, and thus the pressure in the fluidized bed in which the pressure in the first fluidized bed 20 and the second fluidized bed 30 is high The gas flow is generated in this low fluidized bed, making it impossible to prevent gas leakage between the two reactors.

Conversely, when the pressure of the first fluidized bed 20 and the pressure difference (P = P1 - P2) of the second fluidized bed 30 are smaller than 0, that is, when the pressure of the second fluidized bed is higher, Similarly, H2, which is the height for the solid discharge, does not change, while H1 increases, and the height difference (ΔH) between both sides increases further as P increases to (-).

5 shows a state in which the solid layer of the loop chamber 40 closes the solid discharge portion 51 of the first cyclone 50 because the pressure of the second fluidized bed 30 is greater than the pressure of the first fluidized bed 20 Fig. 5, the height of the solid layer on the left side of the loop chamber 40 may increase to the height of the solid discharge portion 51 of the first cyclone 50 when P2 is much larger than P1, The solid collected in the first cyclone 50 can not move to the lower portion of the loop chamber 40 and is discharged to the upper portion of the first cyclone 50 together with the gas to lose the particles used in the fluidized bed.

As a method for preventing the leakage of gas between the first fluidized bed 20 and the second fluidized bed 30 by the differential pressure between the two fluidized bed reactors and the lowering of the lower outlet of the cyclone to prevent the efficiency of the cyclone from deteriorating, The length of the loop chamber 40 is increased but the length of the loop chamber 40 is increased to increase the length of the first fluidized bed 20 shown in FIG. have.

Another method that can be used when a differential pressure is generated between the first fluidized bed 20 and the second fluidized bed 30 is to change the target pressure value of each of the pressure control valves 111 and 121 under high pressure conditions have.

For example, when the target pressure value of the first fluidized bed 20 is 10 bar and the pressure difference between the two reactors (P = P 1 -P 2) is formed by 0.02 bar (i.e., the pressure of the first fluidized bed 20 is 0.02 bar The target pressure value of the second fluidized bed 30 can be set to 10.02 bar to cancel the differential pressure between the two reactors.

However, this method can be used only when the differential pressure between two fluidized beds is maintained stably, and when the pressure difference between the two fluidized beds is frequently changed, it is disadvantageous in that it requires several operations.

On the other hand, in the process of pressurization from the atmospheric pressure to the target pressure for the high pressure operation of the two-bed fluidized bed system, the target pressure value should be set to each pressure control valve. When the target pressure value is not approached, The valve is kept closed continuously. In this process, the amount of gas injected into the two fluidized beds and the piping and the additional equipment at the end of each fluidized bed may be different, which inevitably leads to differential pressure.

Then, when the current pressure value of each fluidized bed approaches the target pressure value, the opening ratio of the pressure control valve increases, and the pressure inside each fluidized bed decreases in this process. However, in the two fluidized beds, there is a difference between the opening time of the pressure control valve and the opening of the pressure control valve, resulting in a rapid differential pressure change.

The method of increasing the target pressure value stepwise may be used as a method for minimizing the occurrence of excessive differential pressure that may occur in the process of increasing the pressure of the two-bed fluidized bed system.

That is, when the target pressure value is 10 bar as described above, a method of gradually increasing the target pressure value within a range of the differential pressure (for example, 0.02 bar) that can be canceled in the loop chamber can be used (0 bar gauge), the target pressure value of the first fluidized bed is 0.02 bar, and when the differential pressure of the two fluidized beds is stabilized, the target pressure value of the second fluidized bed is input as 0.02 bar. 1 Enter the target pressure value of the fluidized bed as 0.04 bar, repeat this process to the final target pressure value). However, using this method has a disadvantage that it takes a long time to increase the pressure.

As a result, there is a need for a control method and apparatus capable of raising the pressure in a multi-bed fluidized bed system and capable of maintaining a stable pressure rise or pressure while responding to a differential pressure change between two fluidized beds under high pressure conditions.

Korean Patent No. 0563909 Korean Patent No. 1426333 Korean Patent No. 134089 Korean Patent No. 1330126

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fluidized bed apparatus including a first fluidized bed (20) and a second fluidized bed The pressure of the second fluidized bed 30 is maintained at the target differential pressure value and the pressure of the second fluidized bed 30 is increased while the pressure of the first fluidized bed 20 is instantaneously changed under the high pressure condition, Pressure multi-bed fluidized bed system having a differential pressure control device, a differential pressure control method and a differential pressure control device thereof in a high-pressure multi-tower fluidized bed capable of stable operation while maintaining a target differential pressure value while maintaining a high pressure condition.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, even when the first pressure control valve is continuously maintained in a closed state in the process of raising the pressure of the two-fluidized bed system, if a differential pressure is generated, The pressure difference between the two fluidized beds can be solved and the pressure can be raised simply and quickly compared with the conventional method of inputting the target pressure step by step and the process of lowering the pressure of the two- The present invention is intended to provide a high pressure multi-top fluidized bed control system, a differential pressure control method, and a high pressure multi-top fluidized bed system having the differential pressure control system capable of maintaining a desired differential pressure.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description of the present invention are exemplary and explanatory and are not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. It can be understood.

A first object of the present invention is to provide a gas-liquid separator comprising a plurality of fluidized beds each of which is filled with a fluidizing gas to fluidize a solid, and a plurality of fluidized- A plurality of cyclones provided between the fluidized bed and a loop chamber provided between the plurality of fluidized beds to prevent gas mixing and solid reverse flow, the multi-tower fluidized bed system comprising: 1. A differential pressure control apparatus capable of responding to a differential pressure change, comprising: a pressure measurement unit for measuring in real time the internal pressure of at least one of the plurality of fluidized beds; A differential pressure measuring unit for measuring in real time a differential pressure value between two fluidized beds of the plurality of fluidized beds; And a pressure control valve provided in each of the gas discharge pipes to regulate the pressure of the fluidized bed based on the value measured by the pressure measuring unit or to control the pressure of the fluidized bed based on the differential pressure value measured by the differential pressure measuring unit Pressure fluid in the high-pressure multi-tower fluidized bed.

The controller may further include a controller for controlling the pressure control valve based on the pressure value measured by the pressure measuring unit and the differential pressure measured by the differential pressure measuring unit.

The pressure control valve, which is controlled based on the pressure value measured by the pressure measuring unit by the control unit, is set to a target pressure value. When the current pressure value measured by the pressure measuring unit is different from the target pressure value, And the pressure control valve is controlled so that the current pressure value becomes the target pressure value.

In addition, when the target differential pressure value is set and the current differential pressure value measured by the differential pressure measurement unit is different from the target differential pressure value, the pressure control valve controlled by the control unit based on the differential pressure value measured by the differential pressure measurement unit, And the pressure control valve is controlled so that the current differential pressure value becomes the target differential pressure value.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a fluidized bed apparatus comprising a first fluidized bed for injecting a first fluidized gas to fluidize a solid, a second fluidized bed for injecting a second fluidized gas to fluidize the solid, A first cyclone for discharging the gas floating in the first fluidized bed through the first gas discharge pipe and a loop chamber provided between the first fluidized bed and the second fluidized bed to prevent gas mixing and solid backflow, And a second cyclone provided on the side of the discharge portion of the second fluidized bed and discharging the gas suspended in the second fluidized bed through the second gas discharge pipe, wherein the multi- A first fluidized bed pressure control device capable of responding to a differential pressure change occurring between the first fluidized bed and the second fluidized bed, 1 pressure measuring part; A differential pressure measuring unit for measuring a differential pressure value between the first fluidized bed and the second fluidized bed in real time; And a first pressure control valve provided at one side of the first gas discharge pipe to regulate the pressure of the first fluidized bed based on the value measured by the first pressure measurement unit; And a second pressure control valve for controlling the pressure of the second fluidized bed based on the differential pressure value measured by the differential pressure measurement unit.

The control unit controls the first pressure control valve based on the current pressure value measured by the first pressure measurement unit and controls the second pressure control valve based on the current differential pressure value measured by the differential pressure measurement unit And further comprising

When the current pressure value measured by the first pressure measuring unit is different from the target pressure value, the first pressure control valve controls the first pressure control valve such that the current pressure value becomes the target pressure value, And the control valve is controlled.

When the present differential pressure value measured by the differential pressure measuring unit is different from the target differential pressure value, the control unit controls the second pressure control valve such that the present differential pressure value becomes the target differential pressure value, And a control unit.

A third object of the present invention is to provide a gas-liquid separator, comprising: a plurality of fluidized beds each of which is filled with a fluidizing gas to fluidize a solid; A plurality of cyclones provided between the fluidized bed and a loop chamber provided between the plurality of fluidized beds to prevent gas mixing and solid reverse flow, the multi-tower fluidized bed system comprising: A method of operating a pressure control valve, which is controlled based on a pressure value measured by a pressure measuring unit, includes the steps of: setting a target pressure value by a pressure control valve; Measuring the internal pressure of the fluidized bed in real time; and if the current pressure value is different from the target pressure value, And controlling the pressure control valve so that the re-pressure value reaches the target pressure value, wherein the pressure control valve is controlled based on the differential pressure value measured by the differential pressure measuring unit, The control method of the present invention includes the steps of: setting a target differential pressure value; measuring the current differential pressure value between the fluidized bed in real time; and when the current differential pressure value measured by the differential pressure measurement unit is different from the target differential pressure value, And controlling the pressure control valve to be the target differential pressure value.

A fourth object of the present invention is achieved in a multi-bed fluidized bed system, comprising a differential pressure control device according to the first object mentioned above.

A fifth object of the present invention can be achieved as a high-pressure multi-bed fluidized bed system characterized by comprising a differential pressure control device according to the second object in the multi-bed fluidized bed system.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pressure difference between the two fluidized beds can be canceled without increasing the length of the loop chamber. In the process of increasing the pressure of the first fluidized bed (20), the second fluidized bed (30) And the pressure of the first fluidized bed 20 is instantaneously changed under a high pressure condition, the second fluidized bed 30 maintains the high pressure condition while maintaining the target differential pressure value, so that the stable operation can be performed .

According to an embodiment of the present invention, even when the first pressure control valve is continuously maintained in a closed state in the process of raising the pressure of the two-fluidized bed system, if a differential pressure is generated, The pressure difference between the two fluidized beds can be solved and the pressure can be raised simply and quickly compared with the conventional method of inputting the target pressure step by step and the process of lowering the pressure of the two- There is an advantage that a desired differential pressure can be maintained.

It should be understood, however, that the effects obtained by the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned effects, and other effects not mentioned may be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs It will be possible.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to further the understanding of the technical idea of the invention, It should not be construed as limited.
1 is a partial schematic view of a multi-
2 is a configuration diagram of a multi-tower fluidized bed system having a pressure control device,
3 is a cross-sectional view of the loop chamber when the pressure of the first fluidized bed is greater than the pressure of the second fluidized bed,
4 is a sectional view of the loop chamber when the pressure of the second fluidized bed is higher than the pressure of the first fluidized bed,
5 is a cross-sectional view of the state in which the solid layer of the loop chamber closes the first cyclone solid discharge portion because the pressure of the second fluidized bed is greater than the pressure of the first fluidized bed,
6 is a configuration diagram of a multi-tower fluidized bed system having a differential pressure control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
7 is a block diagram illustrating a signal flow of a control unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
8A is a flowchart of a control method of a first pressure control valve according to an embodiment of the present invention,
8B is a flowchart illustrating a method of controlling a second pressure control valve according to an embodiment of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein but may be embodied in other forms. Rather, the embodiments disclosed herein are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art.

In this specification, when an element is referred to as being on another element, it may be directly formed on another element, or a third element may be interposed therebetween. Also in the figures, the thickness of the components is exaggerated for an effective description of the technical content.

Embodiments described herein will be described with reference to cross-sectional views and / or plan views that are ideal illustrations of the present invention. In the drawings, the thicknesses of the films and regions are exaggerated for an effective description of the technical content. Thus, the shape of the illustrations may be modified by manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances. Accordingly, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific forms shown, but also include changes in the shapes that are produced according to the manufacturing process. For example, the area shown at right angles may be rounded or may have a shape with a certain curvature. Thus, the regions illustrated in the figures have attributes, and the shapes of the regions illustrated in the figures are intended to illustrate specific forms of regions of the elements and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Although the terms first, second, etc. have been used in various embodiments of the present disclosure to describe various components, these components should not be limited by these terms. These terms have only been used to distinguish one component from another. The embodiments described and exemplified herein also include their complementary embodiments.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of illustrating embodiments and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention. In the present specification, the singular form includes plural forms unless otherwise specified in the specification. The terms "comprises" and / or "comprising" used in the specification do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements.

In describing the specific embodiments below, various specific details have been set forth in order to explain the invention in greater detail and to assist in understanding it. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be understood by those skilled in the art without departing from such specific details. In some instances, it should be noted that portions of the invention that are not commonly known in the description of the invention and are not significantly related to the invention do not describe confusing reasons to explain the present invention.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a method of maintaining stable pressure correspondence or pressure in response to a differential pressure change occurring between two fluidized beds in the process of raising pressure in multi-bed fluidized bed system 100 is presented.

Hereinafter, the structure and function of the differential pressure control apparatus for a high-pressure multi-phase fluidized bed and the differential pressure control method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

It will be apparent that the differential pressure control apparatus described below is applied to a two-tower connected circulating fluidized bed system as an example, but it is also applicable to a system in which two or more fluidized beds are connected.

6 is a block diagram of a multi-tower fluidized bed system 100 having a differential pressure control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a signal flow of the controller 150 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

6, the high-pressure multi-top fluidized-bed system 100 to which the differential pressure control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied is configured such that the first fluidized- The first fluidizing gas is injected into the first fluidized bed 20 through the first fluidized bed 20 and the solid particles in the first fluidized bed 20 are suspended and scattered and the mixture of the scattered gas and the solid is discharged through the discharge unit 22, ). &Lt; / RTI &gt; The solid particles are separated in the first cyclone 50 and the gas is discharged to the first gas discharge pipe 70 through the gas discharge portion 52 and discharged.

The solid discharged through the solid discharge portion 51 of the first cyclone 50 flows into the loop chamber 40 and is injected through the third fluidized gas inlet portion 41 under the loop chamber 40 Is fluidized by the third fluidizing gas and is introduced into the second fluidized bed 30 through the solid feed pipe 42 by the amount of solids injected by the continuous injection of the solid. The second fluidized gas is injected and fluidized through the second fluidized gas inlet 31 at the lower end of the second fluidized bed 30 and then recycled to the first fluidized bed 20 through the solid outlet pipe 33.

The gas and solid mixture floating and scattered in the second fluidized bed 30 flows into the second cyclone 60 through the discharge portion 32 and the solid particles are separated in the second cyclone 60 to form the lower solid circulation The gas is recycled to the second fluidized bed 30 through the pipe 63 and the gas is discharged through the gas discharging portion 62. Further, the gas is discharged to the second gas discharge pipe (80) and discharged through the gas discharge portion (62) of the second cyclone (60).

As shown in FIG. 6, in the process of raising the pressure of the multi-bed fluidized bed system 100 operated at high pressure, the first fluidized bed 20 and the second fluidized bed 30, which is capable of maintaining a stable pressure rise or pressure while responding to a differential pressure change that may occur.

6, the differential pressure control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first pressure measurement unit 110 that measures the internal pressure of the first fluidized bed 20 in real time, And a differential pressure measuring unit 130 for measuring a differential pressure value between the fluidized bed 20 and the second fluidized bed 30 in real time. In the specific embodiment, the (+) side of the differential pressure measuring unit 130 is connected to the first fluidized bed 20 and the (-) side is connected to the second fluidized bed 30 to measure the differential pressure between the two fluidized beds.

The first pressure control valve 111 provided at one side of the first gas discharge pipe 70 adjusts the pressure of the first fluidized bed 20 based on the value measured by the first pressure measurement unit 110 And the second pressure control valve 121 provided at one side of the second gas discharge pipe 80 adjusts the pressure of the second fluidized bed 30 based on the differential pressure value measured by the differential pressure measurement unit 130.

7, the control unit 150 controls the first pressure control valve 111 based on the current pressure value measured by the first pressure measurement unit 110, and the differential pressure measurement unit 130 The second pressure control valve 121 is controlled based on the current differential pressure value measured at the second pressure control valve 121. [

Hereinafter, a method of operating the first pressure control valve 111 will be described. 8A is a flowchart illustrating a control method of the first pressure control valve 111 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The first pressure control valve 111 is set such that the first pressure control valve 111 is set to the target pressure value (S1) And the internal pressure is measured in real time (S2).

If the current pressure value is different from the target pressure value (S3), the controller 150 controls the first pressure control valve 111 so that the current pressure value reaches the target pressure value (S4).

That is, the first pressure control valve 111 receives the target pressure value P SP from the first pressure measurement unit 110 and receives the current pressure value P PV in the same manner as the conventional method shown in FIG. 2 When the present pressure value is lower than the target pressure value (P SP > P PV ), the opening of the first pressure control valve 111 is reduced to increase the internal pressure of the first fluidized bed 20. Further, when the present pressure value is higher than the target pressure value (P SP <P PV ), the opening of the first pressure control valve 111 is increased to reduce the internal pressure of the first fluidized bed 20.

Hereinafter, a method of operating the second pressure control valve 121 will be described. 8B is a flowchart illustrating a control method of the second pressure control valve 121 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The operation of the second pressure control valve 121, which is controlled based on the differential pressure value measured by the differential pressure sensor 130, is performed such that the second pressure control valve 121 sets the target differential pressure value (S10), and the differential pressure measuring unit 130 measures the current differential pressure value between the fluidized beds in real time (S20).

When the current differential pressure value measured by the differential pressure measuring unit 130 is different from the target differential pressure value at step S30, the controller 150 controls the second pressure control valve 121 such that the current differential pressure value is equal to the target differential pressure value (S40).

That is, the second pressure control valve 121 is driven by the differential pressure measured by the differential pressure measuring unit 130. First, enter the target differential pressure value (P TD ) at a value within the differential pressure range that can be canceled in the loop chamber.

When the present differential pressure value P PD between the two fluidized beds deviates from the target differential pressure value by a change in pressure, a change in gas flow rate, a drive of the first pressure control valve 111, 121 are driven.

More specifically, when the difference (P D = P PD -P TD ) between the current differential pressure value P PD and the target differential pressure value P TD is (+), the second pressure control valve 121 outputs 2 pressure control valve 121, and increases the opening of the second pressure control valve 121 when the pressure control valve 121 is negative.

For example, if the present differential pressure value is 0.02 bar (P PD = 0.02) and the target differential pressure value is 0 bar (P TD = 0), P D is (+ The opening of the valve 121 is reduced and the pressure of the second fluidized bed 30 is increased, so that the current differential pressure value P PD is reduced.

As another example, when the current differential pressure value is 0.02 bar and the target differential pressure value is 0.04 bar, since P D is negative, the opening of the second pressure control valve 121 is increased to increase the current differential pressure value.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the first fluidized bed 20 controls the first pressure regulating valve using the current pressure value and the second fluidized bed 30 controls the second pressure regulating valve using the current pressure difference The second fluidized bed may use the present pressure value to control the second pressure control valve and the first fluidized bed 20 may use the present pressure difference to control the first pressure control valve. In the case of a multi-bed fluidized bed of a tower or more, the pressure control and the differential pressure control can be appropriately used.

The system shown in Fig. 2 is also used in combination with the system shown in Fig. 6 (i.e., two pressure measuring units (first pressure measuring unit 110, second pressure measuring unit 120) (130) are simultaneously used). In the process of increasing the pressure, the differential pressure control method shown in FIG. 6 is used. When the pressure is stabilized, the pressure control method shown in FIG. 2 may be used.

6, only the case where the differential pressure measuring unit 130 is connected to the upstream side of the first pressure control valve 111 and the second pressure control valve 121 has been described. However, in the multi-bed fluidized bed system, It is also possible to connect to other positions where the (+) and (-) sides are reversed.

It should be noted that the above-described apparatus and method are not limited to the configurations and methods of the embodiments described above, but the embodiments may be modified so that all or some of the embodiments are selectively combined .

20: first fluidized bed
21: First fluidized gas inlet
22: First fluidized bed discharge part
30: second fluidized bed
31: the second fluidized-
32: Second fluidized bed discharge part
33: Solid discharge pipe
40: loop room
41: the third fluidized gas inlet
42: solid supply pipe
50: first cyclone
51: first cyclone solid discharging portion
52: First cyclone gas discharging portion
60: second cyclone
61: second cyclone solid discharging portion
62: a second cyclone gas discharging portion
63: Solid circulation tube
70: first gas discharge pipe
80: second gas discharge pipe
100: Multi-bed fluidized bed system
110: first pressure measuring unit
111: first pressure control valve
120: second pressure measuring unit
121: Second pressure control valve
130: Differential pressure measuring unit
150:

Claims (11)

A plurality of cyclones that are provided on the side of the discharge portion of each of the fluidized beds to discharge the gas suspended in the fluidized bed and the solid medium through the gas discharge pipe; The present invention relates to a multi-bed fluidized bed system having a loop chamber provided between a plurality of fluidized beds for preventing gas mixing and solid backflow, comprising: a control unit for controlling a pressure increase process and a differential pressure control In the apparatus,
A pressure measuring unit for measuring an internal pressure of at least one of the plurality of fluidized beds in real time;
A differential pressure measuring unit for measuring in real time a differential pressure value between two fluidized beds of the plurality of fluidized beds; And
And a pressure control valve provided in each of the gas discharge pipes to regulate the pressure of the fluidized bed based on the value measured by the pressure measuring unit or to control the pressure of the fluidized bed based on the differential pressure value measured by the differential pressure measuring unit Pressure fluid in the high-pressure multi-bed fluidized bed.
The method according to claim 1,
Further comprising a control unit for controlling the pressure control valve based on the pressure value measured by the pressure measuring unit and the differential pressure measured by the differential pressure measuring unit.
3. The method of claim 2,
The pressure control valve, which is controlled based on the pressure value measured by the pressure measuring unit by the control unit,
The control unit controls the pressure control valve so that the current pressure value becomes the target pressure value when the target pressure value is set and the current pressure value measured by the pressure measuring unit is different from the target pressure value. Differential pressure control device.
The method of claim 3,
The pressure control valve, which is controlled based on the differential pressure value measured by the differential pressure measuring unit by the control unit,
Wherein when the target differential pressure value is set and the current differential pressure value measured by the differential pressure measurement unit is different from the target differential pressure value, the control unit controls the pressure control valve so that the current differential pressure value becomes the target differential pressure value. Differential pressure control device.
A first fluidized bed for injecting a first fluidizing gas to fluidize a solid, a second fluidized bed for injecting a second fluidizing gas to fluidize the solid, and a second fluidized bed provided on the side of the discharge portion of the first fluidized bed, A first cyclone for discharging a gas in a gas or a solid through a first gas discharge pipe; a loop chamber provided between the first and second fluidized beds to prevent gas mixing and solid reverse flow; And a second cyclone provided in the second fluidized bed for discharging the gas suspended in the second fluidized bed through the second gas discharge pipe, wherein the multi-tower fluidized bed system comprises: A differential pressure control device capable of responding to a differential pressure change that may occur between fluidized beds,
A first pressure measuring unit for measuring an internal pressure of the first fluidized bed in real time;
A differential pressure measuring unit for measuring a differential pressure value between the first fluidized bed and the second fluidized bed in real time; And
A first pressure control valve provided at one side of the first gas discharge pipe to regulate a pressure of the first fluidized bed based on a value measured by the first pressure measurement unit; And
And a second pressure control valve for controlling the pressure of the second fluidized bed based on the differential pressure value measured by the differential pressure measurement unit.
6. The method of claim 5,
And a control unit controlling the first pressure control valve based on the current pressure value measured by the first pressure measuring unit and controlling the second pressure control valve based on the current differential pressure value measured by the differential pressure measuring unit Pressure fluid in the high-pressure multi-bed fluidized bed.
The method according to claim 6,
When the current pressure value measured by the first pressure measuring unit is different from the target pressure value, the first pressure control valve controls the first pressure control valve so that the current pressure value becomes the target pressure value, Pressure fluid in the high-pressure multi-tower fluidized bed.
8. The method of claim 7,
The second pressure control valve controls the second pressure control valve so that the current differential pressure value becomes the target differential pressure value when the target differential pressure value is set and the current differential pressure value measured by the differential pressure measurement unit is different from the target differential pressure value. Pressure fluid in the high-pressure multi-bed fluidized bed.
A plurality of cyclones that are provided on the side of the discharge portion of each of the fluidized beds to discharge the gas suspended in the fluidized bed and the solid medium through the gas discharge pipe; The present invention relates to a multi-bed fluidized bed system having a loop chamber provided between a plurality of fluidized beds for preventing gas mixing and solid backflow, comprising: a control unit for controlling a pressure increase process and a differential pressure control In the method,
The operating method of the pressure control valve, which is controlled based on the pressure value measured by the pressure measuring unit,
The method comprising the steps of: setting a target pressure value of the pressure control valve; measuring in real time the internal pressure of the fluidized bed by the pressure measuring unit; comparing the current pressure value with the target pressure value when the current pressure value is different from the target pressure value And the control unit controls the pressure control valve to reach the pressure control valve.
The operation method of the pressure control valve, which is controlled based on the differential pressure value measured by the differential pressure measurement unit,
The method comprising the steps of: setting a target differential pressure value by a pressure control valve; measuring in real time a current differential pressure value between the fluidized bed by the differential pressure measurement unit; and, if the current differential pressure value measured by the differential pressure measurement unit is different from the target differential pressure value, Controlling the pressure control valve such that the present differential pressure value becomes a target differential pressure value.
In a multi-bed fluidized bed system,
A high pressure multi-top fluidized bed system comprising a differential pressure control device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
In a multi-bed fluidized bed system,
A high pressure multi-top fluidized bed system comprising a differential pressure control device according to any one of claims 5 to 8.
KR1020150166395A 2015-11-26 2015-11-26 Method and Apparatus for Pressure Difference Control in Multi Fluidized Beds System at High Pressure Condition and Multi Fluidized Beds System including the Apparatus for Pressure Difference Control KR101822117B1 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10569247B1 (en) 2019-03-11 2020-02-25 Korea Institute Of Energy Research Installation and operation method of dual control valves in a high pressure fluidized bed system
CN115285999A (en) * 2022-07-28 2022-11-04 江苏中能硅业科技发展有限公司 Automatic material pushing system and method for trichlorosilane production

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10569247B1 (en) 2019-03-11 2020-02-25 Korea Institute Of Energy Research Installation and operation method of dual control valves in a high pressure fluidized bed system
CN115285999A (en) * 2022-07-28 2022-11-04 江苏中能硅业科技发展有限公司 Automatic material pushing system and method for trichlorosilane production
CN115285999B (en) * 2022-07-28 2024-01-30 江苏中能硅业科技发展有限公司 Automatic pushing system and pushing method for trichlorosilane production

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