KR20170060696A - A method for producing transparent film tactile device based on nanocellulose - Google Patents
A method for producing transparent film tactile device based on nanocellulose Download PDFInfo
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- KR20170060696A KR20170060696A KR1020150165157A KR20150165157A KR20170060696A KR 20170060696 A KR20170060696 A KR 20170060696A KR 1020150165157 A KR1020150165157 A KR 1020150165157A KR 20150165157 A KR20150165157 A KR 20150165157A KR 20170060696 A KR20170060696 A KR 20170060696A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/016—Input arrangements with force or tactile feedback as computer generated output to the user
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
- G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
- G06F2203/04103—Manufacturing, i.e. details related to manufacturing processes specially suited for touch sensitive devices
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a nanocellulose-based transparent film type tactile device, and more particularly, to a transparent film type tactile device capable of controlling various frequencies and amplitudes, Discloses a nano-cellulose-based transparent film type tactile device which is an environmentally-friendly piezoelectric material.
Description
The present invention relates to a nanocellulose-based transparent film type tactile device, and more particularly, to a transparent film type tactile device capable of controlling various frequencies and amplitudes, The present invention relates to a nano-cellulose-based transparent film type tactile device which is an environmentally-friendly piezoelectric material. The tactile device according to the present invention can be mounted on a screen of a mobile device to sense approach and contact at an arbitrary position and can generate vibration and friction at a desired frequency at a sensed position through superimposition and modulation of standing waves .
In recent years, mobile devices have been reduced in size and changed from a keypad type input to a touch screen type input, and a combination of a touch screen and a touch technology is a very important technology for immersing the user. Furthermore, by designing a suitable vibration pattern to transmit the tactile sensation, the user can transmit sensibility when interacting with the mobile device.
In order to transmit the sensibility, the vibration frequency and vibration size must be changed variously. Therefore, an emotional vibration model in which the frequency and vibration size are varied is needed.
At present, the tactile actuator for a mobile device uses a eccentric rotary motor (ERM), a linear resonance motor (LRA), or a piezoelectric motor to vibrate the entire device to make a touch. However, The response time is so great that the tactile feedback can not be received in real time and the frequency and the amplitude can not be controlled independently of each other. Therefore, various patterns for changing the emotion can not be generated. In the case of the linear resonance motor, It is difficult to generate a tactile impression in a variety of frequencies. Further, in the case of a piezo motor, since it uses a ceramic material, it is fragile and weak in vibration power, so it is not easy to adjust the size.
The tactile actuator currently in use is opaque, so it is placed on the back of the mobile device. Therefore, when the user holds his / her hand with his / her left hand and touches with his / her right finger, the touch is transmitted to the bottom of the left hand instead of being transmitted to the finger of the right hand.
In general, people express their intimacy by shaking hands or hugging them for the purpose of transmitting emotions. Therefore, the sense of vibration through frequency is also important in conveying emotion through the tactile sense, but more importantly, it changes the friction force of human skin.
Various actuators such as an eccentric motor, a resonant motor, a piezo motor, and an electroactive polymer (EAP) -based actuator have been developed to generate sensibility through touch.
Eccentric motor tactile actuators have been used for a long time, but eccentric motors have various disadvantages to generate various tactile sensations and transmit them to users. That is, the reaction speed of the eccentric motor is so slow that the time delay till the sensation is sensed by the user is large, and the frequency and magnitude of the tactile signal can not be generated independently of each other.
Since the linear resonance motor has a faster response time than the eccentric motor, the resonance motor can generate the tactile sensation only near the resonance frequency. However, since the resonance motor generates a power sufficiently large to stimulate the mechanical receptors of the user, There is a limit to selectively stimulate mechanical receptors.
In order to generate various senses in a wide frequency range, piezo motors that generate vibration signals by using the physical changes of piezoelectric materials according to AC inputs vary in shape according to the magnitude of the input voltage and can be driven in a very wide frequency range Although various tactile sensations can be produced, piezoelectric ceramics used as materials are brittle and lead is harmful to the human body, so its use is limited.
Electroactive polymer based actuators have light weight, great power, and fast response times. The user of EAP, such as dielectric elastomer (Dielectric Elastomer) or crystal copolymer there is performed studies that utilize a tactile actuator These actuators are thin enough for application to portable devices, but since transparency is away at the rear of the visual display device, There is a problem that it is difficult to convey a sufficient sense.
Tactile actuators using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF ) , which is a typical piezoelectric polymer, have also been studied, but sufficient vibration is not generated and the applied voltage is high.
In order to develop a transparent and flexible actuator, a tactile actuator has been developed using cellulose acetate ( CA ) , which is a natural polymer material, and the cellulose acetate film is subject to trembling but high voltage is applied, There is a risk of.
Disclosure of Invention Technical Problem [8] The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a nano-cellulose-based environmentally friendly piezoelectric film which is transparent and can be attached to a screen surface, And a transparent film type tactile sensation device capable of sensing the position.
According to the present invention, the tactile actuator, which is the most important element for generating a tactile sensation in a portable device, needs to be thin and transparent so that it can be easily mounted on a portable device. In order to provide various senses and sensitivity, Respectively.
In addition, since there is a risk of electric shock in the electrode due to a high applied voltage, the applied voltage should be low or the electrode should be placed at a place where the hand is in contact so as to have a safe structure without any danger of electric shock.
Furthermore, unlike conventional tactile actuators, it is possible to generate various frequencies and various amplitudes for emotional interaction, and to provide an actuator capable of generating varying frictional forces.
The present invention provides a nano-cellulose piezoelectric film in which a piezoelectricity (d 31 ) is improved to 100 pC / N or more by arranging nano-cellulose by applying an electromagnetic field, thereby using it as a tactile actuator. The piezoelectric film includes a method of obtaining a nanocellulose solution through the ACC method and rearranging the nanocellulose by electromagnetic field, shear force, or the like.
If an interdigital transducer (IDT) electrode of ultrasound frequency band is formed at the edge of a nano-cellulose piezoelectric film, surface standing wave can be generated. If this standing wave is generated in the vertical direction, large vibration due to interference occurs at the intersection of two standing waves When you touch this point, you get the effect that you feel the touch like the finger touching the button protrusion. In addition, by varying the magnitude of the frictional force by adjusting the voltage, various emotions can be expressed. In addition, when the IDTs are arranged at the edges of the nano-cellulose film, the touch can be made according to the position of the applied voltage.
Graphane Oxide (GO) -cellulose composite with tactile sensor function uses a small amount of graphene graphene to maintain the transparency of cellulosic material, but it also has the effect of sensitively changing the electrical properties when approaching the hand When such a tactile sensor is integrated with a nano-cellulose piezoelectric material-based tactile actuator, a tactile sensation signal can be generated by detecting a contact position and applying a voltage to the IDT corresponding to the tactile sensor.
1 is a conceptual diagram of a transparent film tactile device based on a nano-cellulose piezoelectric material,
2 is a schematic diagram showing an ACC method according to the present invention,
3 is an outline view showing an orientation technique of nanocellulose,
4 is an exemplary view showing a nano-celluloid tactile actuator using standing wave superposition,
Fig. 5 is an exemplary view showing a modulation of a signal for giving a tactile sensation, and Fig.
FIG. 6 is an illustration showing integration of a tactile sensor / actuator and application of a mobile device.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
Manufacture of nanocellulose
In the conventional method of producing nanocellulose, since a nanocellulose suspension is obtained by using an acid hydrolysis method and a nanocellulose film is produced by a heat evaporation method, it is possible to cause environmental problems using strong acid during the process, As shown in FIG. 2, the Aqueous Counter Collision ( ACC ) is economical because it does not use any solvent other than water and is environmentally friendly and does not require post-treatment due to solvent use. In the ACC method, two nozzles having an inner diameter of about 160 탆 are installed facing each other in the chamber and sprayed at a high pressure of 200 MPa to collide the aqueous solutions on both sides, whereby the microcellulose fiber chain is broken by high pressure collision to form nanocellulose Fiber. Since the temperature of the aqueous solution rapidly increases due to the collision, it is cooled through the cooling system and maintained at a constant temperature. The generated nanocellulose fibers are smaller as the number of collision times is larger, so that quantitative evaluation of the nanocellulose fiber size according to the number of injections The size of the nanocellulose can be controlled.
The piezoelectric properties of nanocellulose are greatly influenced by the orientation of the nanocellulose fibers. The conventional method of orienting nanocellulose fibers is as follows. As shown in FIG. 3, a method of arranging the nanocellulose fibers through mechanical stretching, an electric field and a magnetic field And the polarizing method. However, the method according to the present invention uses fluid shear force. The orientation method utilizes the phenomenon that the nanocellulose has a certain directionality due to the shear force generated between the fluid and the nanocellulose fiber when the fluid flows in a certain direction, and can be used optimally when orienting the nanofiber.
Manufacture of nanocellulose film
A nanocellulose film having excellent transparency and mechanical properties can be prepared by various methods such as drying, filtration and spin coating using a cellulose nano fiber (CNF) solution extracted by the ACC method.
1. Oven drying method: The CNF solution is poured into a hydrophobic container and dried in an oven. Keep horizontal when drying to get a certain thickness.
2. Vacuum filtration method: A CNF gel-like wet film can be obtained by using a vacuum filtration device with a constant concentration of CNF solution. The thickness of the film can be controlled by the concentration of the CNF solution, and the uncured CNF film is put into a compressor and heated to obtain a dried nanocellulose film. The thickness of the film can be controlled according to the pressure, and a support substrate is used to obtain a uniform film.
3. Spin coating method: A CNF solution of high viscosity is poured on a hydrophobic substrate and then dried by spin coating to obtain a thin transparent nanocellulose film having uniform surface. The thickness of the film can be adjusted according to the number of revolutions of the spin coating.
4. Lift-off method: In order to fabricate a large-area nano-cellulose film, the CNF solution is cast on a substrate with a weak adhesive property with a doctor blade and dried, and then the film produced using the lift-off technique is separated from the substrate. The surface of the film may be determined along the surface of the adhesive substrate.
Standing wave touch actuator
1. Standing wave generation and tactile generation
Nano-cellulose piezoelectric film-based ultrasonic tactile actuators utilize high-frequency standing waves of 20 kHz or higher, so they require only a small amplitude to produce a specific force.
As shown in Fig. 4, IDTs are placed on both ends of the piezoelectric material so that the comb width of the IDT is 1/4 of the wavelength of the surface standing wave, and a reflector of the metal thin film is provided on the back of the IDT. When the distance is precisely adjusted to a multiple of the wavelength, the reflected waves from each IDT and the reflected wave from the reflector produce a standing wave with no phase difference and the propagation going back and forth.
When you touch the floor of the standing wave, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is too high, so the touch of the hand does not feel the vibration, but when you rub your finger, you feel the touch as if there is a protrusion on the surface.
When a pair of IDTs are installed vertically, the amplitude is maximized by overlapping at a point where the generated standing waves are orthogonal to each other, and a finger touches this point to give a clear touch.
Modulation and tactile generation Position control
5, a signal of an applied voltage is modulated with a carrier signal of an ultrasonic frequency and a signal of a frequency band (20-500 Hz) which gives a tactile sensation. At this time, when the finger is put on the floor of the standing wave, the mechanical receiver senses the signal modulated at 20-500 Hz, and the touch can be improved because it feels like a trembling at this frequency.
Since the frequency of IDT applied voltage is finely adjusted, it is transformed into traveling wave instead of standing wave, so it can provide touch like finger rubbing. Therefore, rubbing touch provides delicate touch that is different from vertical vibrating touch. Makes you feel emotional information such as joy, sadness and so on.
Experimentally, it is measured the touch of a human hand using an object in the real world. Based on this data, a variety of tactile sensibility patterns of vibrational patterns composed of various orderly arrangements such as the size, duration, frequency, Build.
The tactile sensation patterns can be implemented by the tactile actuator according to the present invention, and various emotional situations can be conveyed by touch.
Tactile sensor integration
1. Fabrication of cellulose-oxide graphene-based tactile sensor
Cellulose-oxide graphene composites are fabricated using cellulosic nanocrystals (CNC) and GO. (Modified CNC / GO, m- (CNC / GO)), which is a complex of CNC and GO, is prepared using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), which facilitates bonding of CNC and GO, (CNC / GO, mr (CNC / GO)) which shows hydrophobic properties by reducing to Anhydrous Hydrazine. The touch sensor is made by spraying m-r (CNC / GO) layer by layer on a polymer film substrate patterned with IDT by lithography.
The tactile sensor can sense approach and contact through internal resistance changes that occur when a finger is approached. The network structure between CNC and GO based on the chemical treatment and reduction reaction of CNC / GO and the connection between preprocessed GO has high conductivity and can have quick response and high sensitivity and repeatability.
2. Integration and Performance Evaluation
As shown in Fig. 6, the ultrasonic tactile actuator does not need to generate standing waves on all the surfaces of the nano-cellulose piezoelectric film, and it is preferable to detect the portion where the fingers are touched to make the maximum standing wave only there, The position is sensed by the tactile sensor, and when the tactile actuator vibrates, a desired local touch can be obtained.
The tactile sensor senses the change of electrical characteristics according to the contact of the finger by applying mr (CNC / GO) on the transparent electrode manufactured in the form of an array, and the tactile actuator film adheres to the display surface with a fine gap, Do not limit the vibration of the actuator film.
Claims (8)
Obtaining a nanocellulose fiber by pulverizing a cellulose fiber chain by an aqueous solution counter- collision ( ACC ) method;
Orienting the obtained nanocellulose fiber;
Preparing a film with the oriented nanocellulose fibers;
Fabricating a tactile actuator by providing an IDT and a reflector on the nanocellulose film; And
And bonding the prepared tactile actuator with a cellulose-oxide graphene composite material.
In the aqueous solution cushioning (ACC) method, two nozzles having a diameter of 160 탆 are provided facing each other in a chamber and sprayed at a high pressure of 200 MPa to collide the two aqueous solutions. Gt;
The method of orienting nanocellulose fibers according to claim 1, wherein one of the mechanical stretching, electromagnetic field, and fluid shear force is selected and used.
Wherein the step of preparing the nanocellulose film comprises one of oven drying, vacuum filtration, spin coating, and lift-off.
Wherein the step of fabricating the tactile actuator comprises the step of providing a comb width of the IDT to 1/4 of the wavelength of the surface standing wave and providing IDTs on both ends of the piezoelectric material in pairs. .
Wherein the tactile actuator modulates a signal of an applied voltage to generate a carrier signal of an ultrasonic frequency and a signal of a frequency band of 20 to 500 Hz to provide a tactile sensation in order to generate various tactile sensations. Based transparent tactile sensation device.
The above-mentioned cellulose-oxide graphene composite material is a composite of CNC and GO (Modified CNC / GO, m- (CNC / GO)) using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) (CNC / GO, mr (CNC / GO)) having a hydrophobic property is produced by reducing anhydrous hydrazine to anhydrous hydrazine and then reducing it to anhydrous hydrazine. Gt;
A method of manufacturing a nano-cellulose-based transparent film type tactile device, comprising the step of spraying a mr (CNC / GO) layer-by-layer method on a polymer film substrate patterned with an IDT by a lithography method Gt;
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019156295A1 (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2019-08-15 | 인하대학교 산학협력단 | Method for manufacturing environmentally friendly high-strength nano-cellulose long fibers by using magnetic field and electric field |
| CN110358150A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-10-22 | 浙江金昌特种纸股份有限公司 | A kind of nano-cellulose/graphene is compound to prepare flexible electron display screen method |
| CN113031779A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-06-25 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Processing method and electronic equipment |
| CN114779930A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2022-07-22 | 三峡大学 | Emotion recognition method for VR user touch experience based on one-to-many support vector machines |
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- 2015-11-25 KR KR1020150165157A patent/KR20170060696A/en active IP Right Grant
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019156295A1 (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2019-08-15 | 인하대학교 산학협력단 | Method for manufacturing environmentally friendly high-strength nano-cellulose long fibers by using magnetic field and electric field |
| KR20190097432A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2019-08-21 | 인하대학교 산학협력단 | The Fabrication Method of Eco-friendly and High Strength Nanocellulose Longfiber Using the Magnetic and Electric Field |
| CN110358150A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-10-22 | 浙江金昌特种纸股份有限公司 | A kind of nano-cellulose/graphene is compound to prepare flexible electron display screen method |
| CN113031779A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-06-25 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Processing method and electronic equipment |
| CN114779930A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2022-07-22 | 三峡大学 | Emotion recognition method for VR user touch experience based on one-to-many support vector machines |
| CN114779930B (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2024-05-14 | 三峡大学 | Emotion recognition method for VR user touch experience based on one-to-many support vector machine |
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