KR20170024416A - Composition for forming electrode, electrode manufactured using the same and solar cell - Google Patents
Composition for forming electrode, electrode manufactured using the same and solar cell Download PDFInfo
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- KR20170024416A KR20170024416A KR1020150119663A KR20150119663A KR20170024416A KR 20170024416 A KR20170024416 A KR 20170024416A KR 1020150119663 A KR1020150119663 A KR 1020150119663A KR 20150119663 A KR20150119663 A KR 20150119663A KR 20170024416 A KR20170024416 A KR 20170024416A
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/08—Cellulose derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
- C08L101/12—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by physical features, e.g. anisotropy, viscosity or electrical conductivity
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
Description
A composition for forming electrodes, an electrode made therefrom, and a solar cell.
Solar cells generate electrical energy by using photoelectric effect of pn junction that converts photon of sunlight into electricity. Solar cells are formed with front electrodes and rear electrodes on the upper and lower surfaces of a semiconductor substrate (semiconductor wafer) on which pn junctions are formed. The photovoltaic effect of the pn junction is induced by the solar light incident on the substrate of the solar cell, and the electrons generated from the pn junction provide a current flowing to the outside through the electrode.
The electrode of such a solar cell can be formed in a predetermined pattern on the surface of the substrate by applying, patterning and firing the composition for electrode formation.
In order to improve the conversion efficiency of the solar cell, the contact resistance (Rc) and the series resistance (Rs) can be minimized by improving the contact property with the substrate, or the line width of the screen mask line is formed to increase the short-circuit current I sc . However, a method of reducing the line width of the electrode pattern using a screen mask may cause an increase in the series resistance (R s ) and may deteriorate the continuous printability of the fine pattern.
The composition for electrode formation uses an organic vehicle to impart viscosity and rheological properties suitable for printing, and the organic vehicle may typically include organic binders, solvents, and the like.
Development of an organic binder capable of improving the printing property of the composition for electrode formation has been desired.
One embodiment provides a composition for forming an electrode capable of forming a fine pattern with high resolution and having excellent printing characteristics.
Another embodiment provides an electrode made of the electrode forming composition.
Another embodiment provides a solar cell comprising the electrode.
According to an embodiment, there is provided a composition for forming an electrode comprising a conductive powder, a glass frit, an organic binder and a solvent, wherein the organic binder includes a structural unit represented by the following formula (1).
[Chemical Formula 1]
In Formula 1,
R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each independently hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted straight-chain or branched C 1 to C 15 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted straight-chain or branched C 2 to C 15 alkenyl group, C20 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C20 heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C20 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C20 heteroaryl group, and a substituent represented by the following formula And at least one of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is a substituent represented by the following formula (2).
(2)
In Formula 2,
X 1 is each independently selected from a single bond, oxygen (-O-), -N (R) - and a substituted or unsubstituted methylene group,
X 2 is independently selected from a single bond, oxygen (-O-), -N (R) C (= O) -, -C (= O) - and a substituted or unsubstituted methylene group,
R a , R b , R c , R d and R are each independently selected from hydrogen and C 1 to C 10 alkyl groups,
p is an integer of 1 to 14,
q is an integer of 0 to 4,
m is an integer of 1 to 20,
* Represents a position connected to the oxygen (O) of OR 1 , OR 2 and OR 3 in formula (1).
Specific examples of the substituent of the above formula (2) include any of the following formulas (2-1) to (2-6).
[Formula 2-1]
[Formula 2-2]
[Formula 2-3]
[Chemical Formula 2-4]
[Chemical Formula 2-5]
[Chemical Formula 2-6]
In the formulas (2-1) to (2-6)
R a , R b , R c , R d and R are each independently selected from hydrogen and C 1 to C 10 alkyl groups,
p1 is an integer of 2 to 14,
p2 is an integer of 0 to 14,
p3 to p5 each independently represents an integer of 1 to 14,
q1 to q3 each independently represent an integer of 0 to 4,
m1 to m5 each independently represents an integer of 1 to 20,
* Represents a position connected to the oxygen (O) of OR 1 , OR 2 and OR 3 in formula (1).
The substituent of Formula 2 includes a plurality of the following Structural Units 2-1, wherein X 1 , X 2 , R a , R b , R c , R d , p and q in each structural unit 2-1 are different from each other .
[Structural unit 2-1]
In Structural Unit 2-1, X 1 , X 2 , R a , R b , R c , R d , p and q are the same as in Formula 2.
The weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the compound represented by Formula 1 may be 5,000 g / mol to 200,000 g / mol.
In the compound represented by the general formula (1), one or two substituents represented by the general formula (2) may exist per cellulose structural unit.
Wherein the composition for electrode formation comprises 60 to 95% by weight of a conductive powder; 0.5 to 20% by weight of glass frit; From 1 to 20% by weight of organic binder and a balance of solvent.
The glass frit may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Pb, Tell, Bi, Li, P, Ge, (Si), Zn (Zn), W, Mg, Cs, Sr, Mo, Ti, (V), Ba, Ni, Cu, Na, K, As, Cob, Zr, Mn and Aluminum (Al), and the like.
The solvent may be selected from the group consisting of methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, aliphatic alcohol,? -Terpineol,? -Terpineol, At least one selected from the group consisting of dihydro-terpineol, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol mono butyl ether, butyl cellosolve acetate and Texanol. One can be included.
The average particle diameter (D50) of the glass frit may be 0.1 mu m to 10 mu m.
The composition for electrode formation may further include at least one additive selected from a surface treatment agent, a dispersant, a thixotropic agent, a plasticizer, a viscosity stabilizer, a defoamer, a pigment, an ultraviolet stabilizer, an antioxidant and a coupling agent.
Another embodiment provides an electrode made of the electrode forming composition.
Another embodiment provides a solar cell comprising the electrode.
The composition for electrode formation is capable of forming a fine pattern with high resolution and is excellent in printing property and dispersibility.
1 is a schematic view briefly showing a structure of a solar cell according to one embodiment.
Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
In the drawings, the thickness is enlarged to clearly represent the layers and regions. Like parts are designated with like reference numerals throughout the specification. It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, plate, or the like is referred to as being "on" another portion, it includes not only the element directly over another element, Conversely, when a part is "directly over" another part, it means that there is no other part in the middle.
Unless otherwise specified herein, "substituted" means that at least one hydrogen atom is replaced by a halogen atom (F, Cl, Br or I), a hydroxy group, a C1 to C20 alkoxy group, a nitro group, a cyano group, A thiol group, an ester group, an ether group, a carboxyl group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group, A C2 to C20 alkynyl group, a C6 to C30 aryl group, a C3 to C20 cycloalkyl group, a C3 to C20 cycloalkenyl group, a C3 to C20 cycloalkynyl group, a C2 to C20 alkynyl group, Substituted with a substituent selected from a heterocycloalkyl group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a heterocycloalkyl group of 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a C2 to C20 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C2 to C20 heterocycloalkynyl group, a C3 to C30 heteroaryl group, .
Also, unless otherwise specified herein, "hetero" means that at least one heteroatom of N, O, S and P is included in the ring group.
The composition for electrode formation according to one embodiment may include a conductive powder, a glass frit, an organic binder, and a solvent.
Hereinafter, the composition for electrode formation according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
The electrode forming composition according to one embodiment may use a metal powder as the conductive powder. The metal powder may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, Ru, Rh, Os, Ir, (Ti), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), molybdenum (Mo), vanadium (V), zinc (Zn) May include at least one metal selected from Y, Co, Zr, Fe, W, Sn, Cr, and Mn, But is not limited thereto.
The conductive powder may be a powder having a particle size of nano size or micro size, for example, a conductive powder having a size of several tens to several hundreds of nanometers, a conductive powder of several to several tens of micrometers, Conductive powder may be mixed and used.
The conductive powder may have a spherical shape, a plate shape, or an amorphous shape. The average particle diameter (D50) of the conductive powder is preferably 0.1 占 퐉 to 10 占 퐉, and more preferably 0.5 占 퐉 to 5 占 퐉. The average particle diameter is measured using a 1064LD model manufactured by CILAS after dispersing the conductive powder in an alcohol solvent such as isopropyl alcohol (IPA) at room temperature (20 DEG C to 25 DEG C for 3 minutes) The contact resistance and the line resistance can be lowered.
The conductive powder may be contained in an amount of 60 to 95% by weight, preferably 70 to 90% by weight based on 100% by weight of the total amount of the electrode forming composition. In this range, it is possible to prevent the conversion efficiency from being lowered by increasing the resistance, and to prevent the paste from becoming difficult due to the relative reduction in the amount of the organic vehicle. The glass frit is produced by etching the antireflection film during the firing process of the electrode forming composition to melt the conductive powder particles to produce metal crystal grains of conductive powder in the emitter region so that the resistance can be lowered, The adhesion between the conductive powder and the wafer is improved, and softening at the time of sintering induces an effect of lowering the firing temperature.
Increasing the area of the solar cell in order to increase the efficiency of the solar cell may increase the contact resistance of the solar cell. Therefore, the damage to the pn junction should be minimized and the series resistance should be minimized. In addition, since the variation range of the firing temperature increases with the increase of the substrates having various sheet resistances, it is preferable to use the glass frit which can secure sufficient thermal stability even at a wide firing temperature.
The glass frit may be typically at least one of a flexible glass frit and a lead-free glass frit used in an electrode-forming composition.
The glass frit may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Pb, Tell, Bi, Li, P, Ge, (Si), Zn (Zn), W, Mg, Cs, Sr, Mo, Ti, (V), Ba, Ni, Cu, Na, K, As, Cob, Zr, Mn and Aluminum (Al), and the like.
The glass frit may be derived from an oxide of the metallic element described above using conventional methods. For example, it can be obtained by melting the mixture prepared by mixing the oxides of the metal elements in a specific composition, followed by quenching and then pulverizing the mixture. The mixing process may be performed using a ball mill or a planetary mill. The melting process may be performed at a temperature of 700 ° C to 1300 ° C, and the quenching process may be performed at room temperature (20 ° C to 25 ° C). The pulverization process may be performed by a disk mill, a planetary mill or the like, but is not limited thereto.
The glass frit may have an average particle diameter (D50) of 0.1 to 10 μm, and may be contained in an amount of 0.5 to 20% by weight based on 100% by weight of the total amount of the electrode forming composition. Within the above range, the adhesion strength of the electrode can be improved within a range that does not impair the electrical characteristics of the electrode.
The shape of the glass frit may be spherical or non-shape. In one embodiment, two types of glass frit having different transition temperatures may be used. For example, a first glass frit having a transition temperature of 200 ° C or higher and 350 ° C or lower and a second glass frit having a transition temperature of 350 ° C or higher and 550 ° C or lower may be mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 0.2 to 1: 1.
The organic binder may be represented by the following general formula (1).
[Chemical Formula 1]
In Formula 1,
R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each independently hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted straight-chain or branched C 1 to C 15 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted straight-chain or branched C 2 to C 15 alkenyl group, C20 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C20 heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C20 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C20 heteroaryl group, and a substituent represented by the following formula And at least one of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is a substituent represented by the following formula (2).
(2)
In Formula 2,
X 1 is each independently selected from a single bond, oxygen (-O-), -N (R) - and a substituted or unsubstituted methylene group,
X 2 is independently selected from a single bond, oxygen (-O-), -N (R) C (= O) -, -C (= O) - and a substituted or unsubstituted methylene group,
R a , R b , R c , R d and R are each independently selected from hydrogen and C 1 to C 10 alkyl groups,
p is an integer of 1 to 14,
q is an integer of 0 to 4,
m is an integer of 1 to 20,
* Represents a position connected to the oxygen (O) of OR 1 , OR 2 and OR 3 in formula (1).
Specific examples of the substituent of the above formula (2) include any of the following formulas (2-1) to (2-6).
[Formula 2-1]
[Formula 2-2]
[Formula 2-3]
[Chemical Formula 2-4]
[Chemical Formula 2-5]
[Chemical Formula 2-6]
In the formulas (2-1) to (2-6)
R a , R b , R c , R d and R are each independently selected from hydrogen and C 1 to C 10 alkyl groups,
p1 is an integer of 2 to 14,
p2 is an integer of 0 to 14,
p3 to p5 each independently represents an integer of 1 to 14,
q1 to q3 each independently represent an integer of 0 to 4,
m1 to m5 each independently represents an integer of 1 to 20,
* Represents a position connected to the oxygen (O) of OR 1 , OR 2 and OR 3 in formula (1).
The compound represented by Formula 1 is selected from cyclic N-carboxy anhydride represented by the following Formula 2e and cyclic ester represented by the following Formulas (2a) to (2d), cellulose or cellulose derivative By reacting at least one compound of the ring structure.
(2a-2d)
In the above formulas (2a) to (2d)
R a , R b , R c , R d and R are each independently selected from hydrogen and C 1 to C 10 alkyl groups,
p1 is an integer of 2 to 14,
p2 is an integer of 0 to 14,
p3 to p5 each independently represents an integer of 1 to 14,
q1 to q3 each independently represent an integer of 0 to 4;
The -C (= O) O- bond of the cyclic ester represented by Formula 2a reacts with the hydroxyl or alkoxy group of the cellulose or cellulose derivative to produce the substituent of Formula 2-1, May be further reacted with a -C (= O) O- bond of formula (2a) to form a substituent having m1 of 2 in formula (2-1).
The -C (= O) O- bond of the cyclic ester represented by Formula 2b reacts with the hydroxyl or alkoxy group of the cellulose or cellulose derivative to produce the substituent of Formula 2-2, May be reacted with a -C (= O) O- linkage of 2b to form a substituent having m2 in the formula (2-2).
The -C (= O) O- bond of the cyclic ester represented by the above formula (2c) reacts with the hydroxyl or alkoxy group of the cellulose or cellulose derivative to form a substituent of the formula (2-3) (= O) O- bond of 2c to form a substituent having m3 of 2 in Formula 2-3.
The -C (= O) O- bond of the cyclic ester represented by the formula (2d) reacts with the hydroxyl group or the alkoxy group of the cellulose or the cellulose derivative to generate the substituent of the formula (2-4) May be reacted with a -C (= O) O- linkage of 2d to form a substituent of the formula (2-4) wherein m4 is 2.
The -C (= O) O- bond of the cyclic N-carboxyanhydride represented by the above formula (2e) reacts with the hydroxyl or alkoxy group of the cellulose or cellulose derivative to produce the substituent of the formula 2-5 or 2-6 The substituent of the above formula 2-5 or 2-6 may be further reacted with a -C (= O) O- bond of the formula 2e to form a substituent of the formula 2-5 or 2-6 wherein m5 is 2 . At least one compound selected from the compounds represented by formulas (2a) to (2d) may react with each other to form a substituent having 2 or more m in Formula (2). X 1 , X 2 , R a , R b , R c , R d , p and q in each structural unit 2-1 may be the same or different from each other. Can be different.
[Structural unit 2-1]
In Structural Unit 2-1, X 1 , X 2 , R a , R b , R c , R d , p and q are the same as in Formula 2.
Specific examples of the compounds represented by the above formulas (2a) to (2d) include compounds represented by the following formula (3).
(3)
The organic binder includes a substituent represented by the general formula (2) to induce electrostatic bonding with the surface charge of the conductive powder to maximize the dispersibility of the conductive powder, thereby improving the storage stability. As a result, Whereby excellent electrical resistivity characteristics can be obtained.
In addition, the organic binder increases the hydrogen bonding force in the organic binder, thereby reducing the phenomenon of widening the width of the paste by crushing the paste due to the heat generated during firing, thereby enabling to realize a fine pattern of high aspect ratio, chain effect, shear thinning is possible and high-resolution electrode patterns can be realized.
In addition, the organic binder improves the compatibility of the additive to be described later with the organic binder, thereby improving the printing property of the electrode-forming composition.
The weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the compound represented by Formula 1 may be 5,000 to 200,000 g / mol. The dispersibility and printing characteristics of the composition for electrode formation can be improved in the above range.
In the compound represented by the general formula (1), one or two substituents represented by the general formula (2) may exist per cellulose structural unit. When the substituent represented by Formula 2 is present, the dispersion stability of the composition for forming an electrode can be improved and a fine electrode pattern having a high aspect ratio can be obtained.
The organic binder may be contained in an amount of 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 15% by weight based on 100% by weight of the total amount of the electrode forming composition. It is possible to obtain an appropriate viscosity of the electrode forming composition within the above range and to prevent the adhesion strength with the substrate from being lowered and the decomposition of the organic binder during firing is not smoothly carried out and the resistance is increased and the electrodes are cracked, Can be prevented.
Examples of the solvent include those having a boiling point of 100 ° C or higher and include methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, aliphatic alcohol, terpineol ), β-terpineol, dihydro-terpineol, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol mono butyl ether, butyl cellosolve acetate, Texanol, etc. may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
The solvent may be included in the remaining amount of the composition for electrode formation, and may be included in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight based on 100% by weight of the total amount of the electrode forming composition. Within this range, sufficient adhesive strength and excellent printability can be ensured.
In addition to the above-described components, the composition for electrode formation may further include conventional additives as needed in order to improve flow characteristics, process characteristics, and stability. The additive may be used alone or in admixture of two or more, such as a surface treatment agent, a dispersant, a thixotropic agent, a plasticizer, a viscosity stabilizer, a defoamer, a pigment, a UV stabilizer, an antioxidant and a coupling agent.
The additive may be contained in an amount of 0.1 to 5% by weight based on 100% by weight of the total amount of the composition for electrode formation, but the content may be changed if necessary. The content of the additive may be selected in consideration of the printing property, dispersibility, and storage stability of the electrode-forming composition.
According to another embodiment, there is provided an electrode formed from the electrode forming composition.
According to another embodiment, there is provided a solar cell including the electrode.
A solar cell according to an embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1 is a schematic view briefly showing a structure of a solar cell according to one embodiment.
1, a composition for electrode formation is printed and fired on a
In addition, a preparation step for the front electrode can be performed by printing a composition for electrode formation on the entire surface of the wafer and then drying it. Thereafter, the front electrode and the rear electrode may be formed by performing a sintering process at 400 ° C to 980 ° C, preferably 700 ° C to 980 ° C, for about 30 seconds to 210 seconds.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples, but these examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Synthesis Example 1
500 ml of toluene and 50 g of ethylcellulose (Dow chemical, STD200) were added to a 1 L round bottom flask, and the temperature was slowly raised to 50 ° C. After stirring for 30 minutes to completely dissolve the ethylcellulose, 22 g of 1,4-dioxan-2-one and 0.07 g of tin octoate were added thereto under a nitrogen (N 2 ) atmosphere, and the temperature was gradually raised to 110 ° C. Stirred for 5 hours, separated, washed and dried to obtain ethyl cellulose modified with 1,4-dioxane-2-one having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 120,000 g / mol.
Example 1
0.8% by weight of ethyl cellulose modified with 1,4-dioxane-2-one prepared in Synthesis Example 1 was dissolved in 8.5% by weight of solvent Texanol as an organic binder at 60 占 폚, 88% by weight of spherical silver powder (Dowa Hightech CO. LTD., 5-11F) having an average particle diameter of 1 탆 and a transition temperature of 341 캜 (flexible glass, particle grain, CI-124) 0.2 wt% of dispersant BYK102 (BYK-chemie) as an additive, and 0.5 wt% of Thixatrol ST (Elementis Co.) as a thixotropic agent were mixed and mixed and dispersed by a 3 roll kneader to prepare a composition for electrode formation.
Comparative Example 1
Except that ethyl cellulose (Dow chemical, STD200) was used instead of ethyl cellulose modified with 1,4-dioxane-2-one prepared in Synthesis Example 1 as an organic binder, The composition was prepared.
Property evaluation method
(1) Storage stability (%)
The storage stability of the electrode-forming composition prepared according to the following formula 1 was evaluated by the viscosity change ratio before and after storage. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
[Formula 1]
(F 0 : composition for electrode formation was stored for 1 day at 25 ° C and 50 ± 5% relative humidity,
Viscosity values measured at room temperature (25 ° C)
F 1 : The composition for electrode formation was stored for 30 days at 25 ° C and 50 ± 5% relative humidity,
Viscosity value measured at normal temperature (25 ° C)
* Viscosity measurement: The viscosity was measured at Brookfield viscosity and 25 ° C at 25 ° C for 30 seconds at 10 rpm for 30 seconds.
(2) Evaluation of fine pattern
The prepared composition for forming a solar cell electrode was screen-printed on the entire surface of a poly P type silicon wafer having a surface resistance of 90? Using a screen mask to print an electrode pattern (finger bar) and dried using an infrared drying furnace. Thereafter, a composition for forming an electrode containing aluminum was printed on the rear surface of the wafer by back printing and then dried by the same method. The cells thus formed were fired at a temperature of 400 ° C. to 950 ° C. for 30 seconds to 50 seconds using a belt-type firing furnace. In order to check whether the finger bar was cut off, an EL tester ) Was used to measure the number of line openings. The line width and thickness of the electrode lines were measured using VK equipment (KEYENCE VK9710). The results are shown in Table 1 below.
* Screen mask: SUS325 type / Emulsion thickness 15㎛ / Finger bar line width 35㎛, Number of finger bars 90
(wt%)
Table 1 shows that the composition for electrode formation according to Example 1 has better storage stability than the composition for electrode formation according to Comparative Example 1 and the line width of the electrode pattern formed therefrom is also finely formed.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (12)
Wherein the organic binder is a compound containing a structural unit represented by the following formula (1):
[Chemical Formula 1]
In Formula 1,
R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each independently hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted straight-chain or branched C 1 to C 15 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted straight-chain or branched C 2 to C 15 alkenyl group, C20 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C20 heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C20 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C20 heteroaryl group, and a substituent represented by the following formula , At least one of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is a substituent represented by the following formula (2)
(2)
In Formula 2,
X 1 is each independently selected from a single bond, oxygen (-O-), -N (R) - and a substituted or unsubstituted methylene group,
X 2 is independently selected from a single bond, oxygen (-O-), -N (R) C (= O) -, -C (= O) - and a substituted or unsubstituted methylene group,
R a , R b , R c , R d and R are each independently selected from hydrogen and C 1 to C 10 alkyl groups,
p is an integer of 1 to 14,
q is an integer of 0 to 4,
m is an integer of 1 to 20,
* Represents a position connected to the oxygen (O) of OR 1 , OR 2 and OR 3 in formula (1).
Wherein the formula (2) is a substituent represented by any one of the following formulas (2-1) to (2-6).
[Formula 2-1]
[Formula 2-2]
[Formula 2-3]
[Chemical Formula 2-4]
[Chemical Formula 2-5]
[Chemical Formula 2-6]
In the formulas (2-1) to (2-6)
R a , R b , R c , R d and R are each independently selected from hydrogen and C 1 to C 10 alkyl groups,
p1 is an integer of 2 to 14
p2 is an integer of 0 to 14,
p3 to p5 each independently represents an integer of 1 to 14,
q1 to q3 each independently represent an integer of 0 to 4,
m1 to m5 each independently represents an integer of 1 to 20,
* Represents a position connected to the oxygen (O) of OR 1 , OR 2 and OR 3 in formula (1).
Substituent of the general formula (2) comprises a plurality of structural units to 2-1, in each structural unit 2-1 X 1, X 2, R a, R b, R c, R d, p and q are different electrodes from each other Composition for forming:
[Structural unit 2-1]
In Structural Unit 2-1, X 1 , X 2 , R a , R b , R c , R d , p and q are the same as in Formula 2.
Wherein the compound represented by Formula 1 has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 5,000 to 200,000 g / mol.
In the compound represented by Formula 1, one or two substituents represented by Formula 2 are present in the cellulose structural unit.
60 to 95% by weight of the conductive powder;
0.5 to 20% by weight of the glass frit;
0.1 to 20% by weight of the organic binder; And
And an amount of the solvent remaining.
The glass frit may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Pb, Tell, Bi, Li, P, Ge, (Si), Zn (Zn), W, Mg, Cs, Sr, Mo, Ti, (V), Ba, Ni, Cu, Na, K, As, Cob, Zr, Mn and And at least one metal element selected from aluminum (Al).
The solvent may be selected from the group consisting of methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, aliphatic alcohol,? -Terpineol,? -Terpineol, At least one selected from the group consisting of dihydro-terpineol, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol mono butyl ether, butyl cellosolve acetate and Texanol. Wherein the composition for forming an electrode comprises:
Wherein the glass frit has an average particle diameter (D50) of 0.1 占 퐉 to 10 占 퐉.
Wherein the composition for electrode formation further comprises at least one additive selected from the group consisting of a surface treatment agent, a dispersant, a thixotropic agent, a viscosity stabilizer, a defoamer, a pigment, an ultraviolet stabilizer, an antioxidant and a coupling agent.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108630337A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2018-10-09 | 三星Sdi株式会社 | It is used to form the composition of electrode, using the electrode and solar cell of its manufacture |
| CN111183491A (en) * | 2017-10-03 | 2020-05-19 | 昭荣化学工业株式会社 | Conductive paste for forming solar cell electrode |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001019702A (en) * | 1999-07-05 | 2001-01-23 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | Production of cyclic ester-modified cellulose derivative |
| KR20140022511A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2014-02-25 | 제일모직주식회사 | Electrode paste for solar cell, electrode prepared from the same and solar cell comprising the same |
-
2015
- 2015-08-25 KR KR1020150119663A patent/KR101888933B1/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001019702A (en) * | 1999-07-05 | 2001-01-23 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | Production of cyclic ester-modified cellulose derivative |
| KR20140022511A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2014-02-25 | 제일모직주식회사 | Electrode paste for solar cell, electrode prepared from the same and solar cell comprising the same |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108630337A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2018-10-09 | 三星Sdi株式会社 | It is used to form the composition of electrode, using the electrode and solar cell of its manufacture |
| US10734536B2 (en) | 2017-03-16 | 2020-08-04 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Composition for forming electrode, electrode manufactured using the same and solar cell |
| CN111183491A (en) * | 2017-10-03 | 2020-05-19 | 昭荣化学工业株式会社 | Conductive paste for forming solar cell electrode |
| CN111183491B (en) * | 2017-10-03 | 2021-08-31 | 昭荣化学工业株式会社 | Conductive paste for forming solar cell electrode |
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