KR20170022132A - Projection transparent display combined with electrochromic device - Google Patents

Projection transparent display combined with electrochromic device Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20170022132A
KR20170022132A KR1020150116741A KR20150116741A KR20170022132A KR 20170022132 A KR20170022132 A KR 20170022132A KR 1020150116741 A KR1020150116741 A KR 1020150116741A KR 20150116741 A KR20150116741 A KR 20150116741A KR 20170022132 A KR20170022132 A KR 20170022132A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
electrochromic device
electrochromic
layer
transparent
projection
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KR1020150116741A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
권장혁
김경우
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경희대학교 산학협력단
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Publication of KR20170022132A publication Critical patent/KR20170022132A/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/54—Accessories
    • G03B21/56—Projection screens
    • G03B21/60—Projection screens characterised by the nature of the surface
    • G03B21/62—Translucent screens
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
    • G02B26/10—Scanning systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
    • G02B5/0236—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element
    • G02B5/0242—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element by means of dispersed particles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/32—Holograms used as optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/10—Projectors with built-in or built-on screen

Abstract

The present invention relates to a projection type transparent display in which an electrochromic device is bonded to a transparent screen and an electrochromic device capable of realizing a transparent mode, a dual side light emitting mode and a single side light emitting mode by controlling the color of the electrochromic device, A dual-side light-emitting mode and a single-side light-emitting mode of a transparent screen can be realized by using a discoloration layer of an electrochromic device capable of temporarily shutting off external light, The light efficiency and the contrast ratio can be greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a projection type transparent display in which an electrochromic device is combined,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a projection type transparent display to which an electrochromic device is coupled, and more particularly, to a transparent type display device in which a transparent mode, a dual side light emitting mode and a single side light emitting mode are formed by bonding an electrochromic device to a transparent screen, To a projection type transparent display that can be implemented.

The technique of providing an image using a conventional projector beam is merely a technique in which an image of a projector beam is reflected from a screen in which external light is blocked and emitted.

In addition, another image providing technology using a conventional projector beam uses a projection type transparent display that does not block external light incident from the outside, but this method has a problem in that the images irradiated from the external light and the projector beam overlap .

Particularly, the image providing technology using the projection type transparent display can be realized by operating the projector beam type projector in the daytime or indoor when a fluorescent lamp or other light source is turned on and the front side of the transparent screen in which external light is not coated with anti- There is a problem that the contrast (color contrast) of the image formed on the transparent screen is deteriorated and the brightness is lowered.

Accordingly, the conventional image providing technology using the projection type transparent display has a problem that the efficiency of the image irradiated through the projector is low and the contrast ratio is low.

Korean Patent No. 10-1471443 entitled " Smart Window with Electrochromic Device and Organic Light Emitting Device " Korean Patent No. 10-0839574 entitled " Substrate Induced Light Beam Expander " Korean Patent No. 10-0741772 (entitled: Transflective Sheet for Liquid Crystal Display and Method for Producing the Same)

An object of the present invention is to provide a projection type transparent display which incorporates an electrochromic device for improving light efficiency and contrast ratio of an image of a projector by using an electrochromic device for temporarily blocking external light incident from the outside.

In addition, the present invention relates to a transparent mode of a transparent screen, a dual-side light-emitting mode, and a single-side light-emitting mode using a color shift layer of an electrochromic device which can temporarily block external light incident from the outside, Type transparent display in which an electrochromic device capable of realizing a mode is provided.

The present invention also provides a projection type transparent display in which an electrochromic device capable of reflecting, refracting, or scattering a projector beam irradiated from a projector is formed on a transparent screen so that an image can be formed on a pupil.

A projection type transparent display incorporating an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a transparent screen that reflects or scatters an image of an incident projection beam projector to form an image, An electrode, and an electrochromic layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an electrochromic material, and a bonding layer for bonding the transparent screen and the electrochromic device to each other.

The transparent screen may include a reflection plate that reflects or refracts the incident projection beam, and the reflected or refracted light reflected or refracted by the reflection plate is scanned by the pupil to form an image.

In addition, the transparent screen may include a scattering layer that scatters the incident projection beam, and scattered light by the scattering layer is scanned by the pupil to form an image.

The scattering layer may comprise scattering particles and may comprise elements comprising a mineral binder to aggregate the scattering particles together.

The scattering particles may be selected from silicon, aluminum, zirconium, titanium, and cerium oxide or a mixture of at least two of these oxides.

Further, the transparent screen may include a reflection mirror for deflecting the partial beams of the projection beam separated from the birefringent element separating the beam into a plurality of partial beams, and scanning the pupil to form an image.

The birefringent element may be a two-dimensional optical scanner that scans the projection beam in the horizontal and vertical directions.

The transparent screen may further include a reflection mirror for converting a direction of the projection beam irradiated from the projector, a Fresnel screen shape having an incidence surface of a sawtooth incidence of the projection beam and an exit surface through which the projection beam exits And an image formation panel for acquiring a projection image by imaging the projection beam emitted from the pre-refraction plate.

The transparent screen may include a reflective mirror for changing the direction of the projection beam irradiated from the projector, and a projection optical system for increasing the range so that the projection beam converted by the reflective mirror can be widely diffused in both the vertical and horizontal directions. And may include a planar lens.

The planar lenses include transparent spheres arranged adjacent to each other and arranged in a transparent layer so as to be in contact with or close to each other, and the projection beam can be diffused due to the transparent spheres.

The electrochromic layer may be a multilayer thin film, a solution state, or a mixture of a multilayer thin film state and a solution state.

In addition, the electrochromic layer may be formed using a solution containing an electrochromic material, an electrolyte salt, a solvent, and an electron-accepting molecule.

The electrochromic material may include an isobenzofuranone-based compound containing an amino group as an electron donor unit.

In addition, the electrochromic material may include a leucodi or a metal oxide.

The bonding layer may be formed of at least one of a transparent substrate and a multilayer thin film.

The projection type transparent display to which the electrochromic device is coupled according to the embodiment of the present invention may further include an encapsulation layer formed on the second electrode formed on the electrochromic layer.

The organic EL device may further include a lower substrate positioned between the bonding layer and the first electrode formed under the electrochromic layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The projection type transparent display to which the electrochromic device is coupled according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include an upper substrate formed on the second electrode formed on the electrochromic layer.

In addition, the projection type transparent display to which the electrochromic device is coupled according to another embodiment of the present invention may further include an encapsulation layer formed on the upper substrate.

A projection type transparent display incorporating an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a transparent screen for reflecting or scattering an image of an incident projection beam projector so that an image is formed, An electrochromic device including a first electrode, a second electrode, and an electrochromic layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an electrochromic material, and an upper substrate formed on the electrochromic device.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the projection type transparent display to which the electrochromic device is coupled may further include an encapsulation layer formed on the upper substrate.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the light efficiency and the contrast ratio of the image of the projector can be improved by using the electrochromic device for temporarily blocking external light incident from the outside.

In addition, according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to combine an electrochromic device and a transparent screen, and to use a color change layer of an electrochromic device capable of temporarily blocking external light incident from the outside, Mode and a single side light emitting mode.

Also, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the projector beam irradiated from the projector can be reflected, refracted or scattered on the transparent screen according to the utilization purpose so that the image is formed on the pupil.

1A to 1E are cross-sectional views illustrating a projection type transparent display incorporating an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a projection type transparent display incorporating an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a projection type transparent display incorporating an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a projection type transparent display incorporating an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a projection type transparent display incorporating an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a view illustrating an example in which a projection type transparent display incorporating an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
7A and 7B are graphs showing absorption spectrum and transmittance of an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a graph illustrating the stability of an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 9A and 9B are graphs showing transmittance according to change in relative transmittance and wavelength according to time in a projection type transparent display incorporating an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to or limited by the embodiments.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of illustrating embodiments and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention. In the present specification, the singular form includes plural forms unless otherwise specified in the specification. It is noted that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising" used in the specification are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the components, steps, operations, and / Or additions.

As used herein, the terms "embodiment," "example," "side," "example," and the like should be construed as advantageous or advantageous over any other aspect or design It does not.

Also, the term 'or' implies an inclusive or 'inclusive' rather than an exclusive or 'exclusive'. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise or clear from the context, the expression 'x uses a or b' means any of the natural inclusive permutations.

Also, the phrase "a" or "an ", as used in the specification and claims, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, or to the singular form, .

Furthermore, the terms first, second, etc. used in the specification and claims may be used to describe various elements, but the elements should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein may be used in a sense commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Also, commonly used predefined terms are not ideally or excessively interpreted unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear. The terminology used herein is a term used for appropriately expressing an embodiment of the present invention, which may vary depending on the user, the intent of the operator, or the practice of the field to which the present invention belongs. Therefore, the definitions of these terms should be based on the contents throughout this specification.

1A to 1E are cross-sectional views illustrating a projection type transparent display incorporating an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1A, a projection type transparent display incorporating an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a reflector 110 for reflecting or refracting a beam, a projection image of a projector projecting a projection beam 40, The electrochromic device 200 including the transparent screen 100 that reflects or refracts light to form an image by being scanned by the eye to form an image and an electrochromic layer 230 including an electrochromic material, And a bonding layer 10 for bonding the electrochromic devices 200 to each other.

The transparent screen 100 reflects or scatters the image of the projecting beam 40 of the incident projection so that an image is formed on the pupil.

To this end, the transparent screen 100 includes a reflection plate 110 that reflects or refracts the incident projection beam 40, and the outgoing light 41 reflected or refracted through the reflection plate 110 is scanned by the pupil, It can be concluded.

The reflection plate 110 may reflect or refract the direction of the incident projection beam 40 so that an image is formed on the pupil.

According to an embodiment, the reflection plate 110 may be at least one of a mirror and a PBS (Polarizer Beam Splitter).

The bonding layer 10 bonds the transparent screen 100 and the electrochromic device 200 to each other.

The bonding layer 10 may be formed of at least one of a transparent substrate and a multilayer thin film. For example, the bonding layer 10 may be a polymer film, a transparent substrate, a dense inorganic / organic multilayer film , Tungsten oxide (WO 3 ), and aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ).

The electrochromic device 200 includes a first electrode 210 and a second electrode 220 corresponding to each other and an electrochromic device 220 disposed between the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220, Layer 230 as shown in FIG.

The first electrode 210 may be formed by depositing on the lower substrate 240 to apply electricity to the electrochromic layer 230. The first electrode 210 may be formed of indium-tin oxide (ITO) having good conductivity and conductivity, (IZO), metal mesh, metal nano wire, graphene, carbon nanotube (CNT), fluorine tin oxide (FTP), copper (Cu ), Silver (Ag), and aluminum (Al), or a transparent electrode having a multilayer structure including at least one of the transparent electrodes.

The electrochromic layer 230 may be formed on the first electrode 210 and may include a material capable of accelerating the oxidation-reduction reaction of the electrochromic material and the electrochromic material.

For example, the electrochromic layer 230 may be formed using a solution comprising an electrochromic material, an electrolyte salt, a solvent, and an electron-accepting molecule.

In addition, the electrochromic material forming the electrochromic layer 230 may be an isobenzofuranone-based compound containing an amino group as an electron donor unit.

According to the embodiment, the electrochromic layer 230 may be configured as a multilayer thin film state, a solution state, or a mixture state of a multilayer thin film state and a solution state. For example, the electrochromic layer in the multilayer thin film state can be used as a metal oxide or electrochromic material such as tungsten oxide (WO 3 ) or iridium oxide (IrO 2 ), and a leuco dye can be used as the electrochromic layer in a solution state. Or viologen derivatives may be used as the electrochromic material.

As the material capable of accelerating the oxidation-reduction reaction of the electrochromic material, an electrolyte salt having excellent conductivity may be used, and an electron-accepting molecule may be used as an electrocatalyst.

The second electrode 220 may be formed on the electrochromic layer 230 to apply a voltage to the electrochromic layer 230 and may include indium tin oxide (ITO), indium tin oxide (IZO), metal mesh, metal nano wire, Graphen, carbon nanotube (CNT), fluorine tin (FTP), copper (Cu) , A transparent electrode including at least one of silver (Ag) and aluminum (Al), or a transparent electrode having a multilayer structure including at least one of the transparent electrodes.

The projection type transparent display to which the electrochromic device is coupled according to the embodiment of the present invention may further include an encapsulation layer 20 disposed on the second electrode 220 of the electrochromic device 200.

The encapsulation layer 20 is formed on the second electrode 220 formed on the electrochromic layer 230 on the first electrode 210 to encapsulate the entire device, This excellent transparent glass or transparent plastic can be used.

The sealing layer 20 may be formed of a low temperature viscosity transition (LVT) inorganic material. The temperature of the viscosity change may mean the minimum temperature that can provide fluidity to the low temperature viscosity varying inorganic material, which may be less than the denaturation temperature of the material contained in the organic light emitting device.

The sealing layer 20 may be formed by a method of at least one of a barrier layer, a resin, a silicon oxide / nitride (SiON), and a resin multilayer, A multi-layer system of an inorganic material, a polymer, and an oxide film (SiOx) or a hybrid polymer.

The projection type transparent display to which the electrochromic device is coupled according to the embodiment of the present invention may further include a lower substrate 240 positioned between the bonding layer 10 and the first electrode 210.

Referring to FIG. 1B, a projection type transparent display having an electrochromic device coupled to an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a transparent screen 100 for reflecting or refracting an image of a projector to be scanned by a pupil to form an image, A lower substrate 240 including a bonding layer 10 for bonding the transparent screen 100 and the electrochromic device 200 to each other and disposed between the bonding layer 10 and the first electrode 210, An upper substrate 250 formed on the second electrode 220, and an encapsulation layer 20.

The lower substrate 240 and the upper substrate 250 are located on the upper or lower portion of the electrochromic device 200 and may be formed of transparent glass or transparent plastic having excellent light transmittance.

The sealing layer 20 is formed on the upper substrate 250, and moisture and oxygen from the outside can be prevented from permeating.

Description of the transparent screen 100, the electrochromic device 200, the bonding layer 10, and the sealing layer 20 included in the projection type transparent display combined with the electrochromic device according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. Are the same as those described in Fig. 1A, and a detailed description of these components will be omitted.

Referring to FIG. 1C, a projection type transparent display incorporating an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a transparent screen 100, an electrochromic device 200, and a bonding layer 10, A lower substrate 240 positioned between the first electrode 210 and the first electrode 210 and an upper substrate 250 formed on the second electrode 220.

1D, a projection type transparent display to which an electrochromic device is coupled according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a transparent screen 100, an electrochromic device 200, and a bonding layer 10, and a second electrode And an encapsulation layer 20 formed on the upper substrate 250. The encapsulation layer 20 is formed on the upper substrate 250 and the encapsulation layer 20,

1E, a projection type transparent display having an electrochromic device coupled to an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a transparent screen 100 and an electrochromic device 200, And a substrate 250.

1D and 1E, a projection type transparent display in which an electrochromic device is combined according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a first electrode 210 directly deposited on a transparent screen 100 to form an electrochromic device 200, Can be formed.

The transparent screen 100, the electrochromic device 200, the bonding layer 10, the lower substrate 240, and the lower substrate 240 included in the projection type transparent display combined with the electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention shown in Figs. 1C to 1E, The upper substrate 250, and the sealing layer 20 are the same as those described in FIGS. 1A and 1B, and a detailed description of these components will be omitted.

1A, a projection type transparent display having an electrochromic device coupled thereto according to an embodiment of the present invention is configured such that a background existing behind the transparent screen is transmitted as it is without blocking external light emitted from the outside, A dual side light emission mode in which a projection beam irradiated from an outside and a projection beam emitted from a projector are simultaneously irradiated to a pupil through a transparent screen and an external light emitted from the outside using an electrochromic device, Side light emitting mode in which the projection beam irradiated from the light source is irradiated to the pupil through the transparent screen.

The electrochromic layer 230 according to the embodiment of the present invention may be formed using a solution containing an electrochromic material, an electrolyte salt, a solvent, and an electron-accepting molecule, and specific examples of the respective components are as follows.

[Electrochromic material]

The electrochromic material is preferably an isobenzofuranone based compound, preferably an isobenzofuranone based compound containing an amino group as an electron donor unit, more preferably an isobenzofuranone based compound such as leuco dye ) Can be used. In addition, the electrochromic material may also be composed of a metal oxide such as WO 3 and IrO 2 .

For example, Black 100 of the formula 1, ETAC of the formula 2, Black 400 of the formula 3, Black 305 of the formula 4, S-205 of the formula 5, NIR Black 78 of the formula 6, At least one selected from the group consisting of CVL (Crystal Violet Lactone) of formula (7), Red 500 of formula (8), and Red 520 of formula (9)

[Chemical Formula 1]

Figure pat00001

(2)

Figure pat00002

(3)

Figure pat00003

[Chemical Formula 4]

Figure pat00004

[Chemical Formula 5]

Figure pat00005

[Chemical Formula 6]

Figure pat00006

(7)

Figure pat00007

[Chemical Formula 8]

Figure pat00008

[Chemical Formula 9]

Figure pat00009

As the electrochromic material, an organic electrochromic material type compound such as viologen may be used as the n-type redox color developing compound.

For example, referring to the reaction formula of the viologen compound, the following Reaction Scheme 1 is a reaction formula of a typical compound of a viologen derivative. The viologen shows a transparent state with Bipm 2+ in the original state, and when the voltage is applied, a reduction reaction occurs in the electrochromic layer, and the state changes to Bipm +, and dark black appears. Likewise, when the oxidation reaction occurs in the opposite case, it changes from a dark black state to a transparent state.

[Reaction Scheme 1]

Figure pat00010

Further, when a predetermined voltage is applied to the viologen, the viologen reacts with the following formula (9) to change from a transparent state to a dark black state. In the following formula (9), R 1 and R 2 each represent an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a phenyl group. Similarly, in the opposite case, when the oxidation reaction occurs, the state changes from a dark black state to a transparent state.

[Chemical Formula 9]

Figure pat00011

In the following reaction formula (2), the viologen to which a predetermined voltage is applied has a state of Bipm + and shows a dark black color. When a larger voltage is applied, Discolored. Similarly, when the oxidation reaction occurs in the opposite case, the color changes from dark black to light black.

[Reaction Scheme 2]

Figure pat00012

As shown in the following formula (10), when a larger voltage is applied to the viologen in a state where a predetermined voltage is applied, the violon reacts with the following formula 10 to change from dark black to light black. In the following formula (10), R 1 and R 2 each represent an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a phenyl group. Likewise, in the opposite case, when the oxidation reaction occurs, the color changes from light black to dark black.

[Chemical formula 10]

Figure pat00013

In addition, the electrochromic material may include an electrochromic biologen compound and an electron donating colorless organic compound represented by the following formulas (11) and (12).

(11)

Figure pat00014

[Chemical Formula 12]

Figure pat00015

Here, R represents an alkyl, alkoxy, aryl or aralkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and m represents an integer of 0 to 5.

In addition, the electrochromic biologen compound may include a viologen compound represented by the following general formulas (13) to (19).

[Chemical Formula 13]

Figure pat00016

[Chemical Formula 14]

Figure pat00017

[Chemical Formula 15]

Figure pat00018

[Chemical Formula 16]

Figure pat00019

[Chemical Formula 17]

Figure pat00020

[Chemical Formula 18]

Figure pat00021

[Chemical Formula 19]

Figure pat00022

Wherein R 1 and R 2 are hydrogen containing a halogen element, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an alkylene group, X is a counter ion of a viologen, F - , Br, Cl - , ClO 4 - , BF 4 - - , PF 6 - , SO 2 CF 3 - or (CF 3 SO 3 - ) 2 N.

[Electrolyte salt]

Examples of the electrolytic salts include alkali metal salts of perchloric acid such as LiClO 4 , NaClO 4 , KClO 4 , and RbClO 4 , NH 4 ClO 4 , HClO 4 , tetra-n-butylammonium bromide, , Tetra-n-butylammonium tetrafluoroborate, tetra-n-butylammonium hexafluorophosphate, tetra-n-butylammonium dihydrogentafluoride and tetra-n- butylammonium iodide. But the present invention is not limited thereto.

[menstruum]

Specific examples of the solvent include N, N-diethylacetamide, dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N- An organic solvent containing an amide such as N-methylformamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone, formamide or 2-pyrrolidone, an organic solvent such as benzyl Benzyl benzoate, butylacetate, ethyl acetate, ethyl acetoacetate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl lactate, isopropyl acetate ), Methyl acetate, methyl butyrate, methyl phenylacetate, methyl propionate, dioctyl terephthalate, hexyl acetate, iso Amilia An organic solvent containing an ester such as isoamyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, propyl acetate or triacetin, an organic solvent containing an ester such as propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate (ethylene carbonate) and cyclic organic solvents including carbonate (carbonate) and vinylene carbonate (cabonate). However, the present invention is not limited thereto.

[Electron-accepting molecule]

Examples of the electron-accepting molecule include hydroquinone, methylhydroquinone, methoxyhydroquinone, acetylhydroquinone, dimethylhydroquinone, trimethylhydroquinone, ethylhydroquinone, But are not limited to, hydroquinone compounds such as ethylhydroquinone, buthylhydroquinone and t-butylhydroquinone, benzyl and ferrocene, methylferrocene, dimethylferrocene, acetylferrocene Acylferrocene, Ethylferrocene, Vinylferrocene, Diphenylferrocene, Methoxy-methylferrocene, Butylferrocene, t-butylferrocene, Fluorine, And ferrocene-based compounds such as chloromethyl ferrocene, or at least one But is not limited thereto.

Hereinafter, an experiment for producing an electrochromic solution relating to the present invention and an experiment for producing an electrochromic device using an electrochromic solution will be described.

[Experimental Example]

≪ Preparation of electrochromic solution >

Tetra-n-butylammonium tetrafluoroborate (5.1 wt%) and Black 100 (10.0 wt%) used as an electrochromic material were provided as electrolyte salts. Dimethylhydroquinone, ferrocene, and benzil used as electron-accepting molecules were contained at 2.9 wt%, 0.5 wt%, and 14.9 wt%, respectively. The electrolytic salt, the electrochromic material and the electron-accepting molecule described above are mixed at 40 ° C for 60 minutes using an N, N-diethylacetamide organic solvent and a stirrer to form an electrochromic layer (230). ≪ / RTI >

≪ Bonding of electrochromic device >

The electrochromic device was formed by forming a spacer film having a thickness of 60 탆 (5 × 5 cm 2 ) such as ITO glass on a glass made of an ITO material having a width and a length of 5 × 5 cm 2 , The active area, which is a space of 3 x 3 cm 2 , was filled with an electrochromic solution and then an ITO glass of 5 × 5 cm 2 was formed on a spacer film filled with an electrochromic solution.

The electrochromic device manufactured according to the experimental example exhibits high optical characteristics and high stability, which will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 7A to 8, which will be described later.

7A and 7B are graphs showing absorption spectrum and transmittance of an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

More specifically, FIG. 7A shows the results of the absorption spectrum of the electrochromic device according to the applied voltage, and FIG. 7B shows the results of the transmittance according to the transparent mode and the color mode of the electrochromic device.

The transparent mode of the electrochromic device means that the transmittance is 80% or more, and external light is directly incident on the transparent first electrode and the second electrode of the electrochromic device.

In addition, the color mode of the electrochromic device means that the transmittance is about 2.8% or so, and an opaque layer exists between the first electrode and the second electrode due to the electrochromic material present in the electrochromic layer of the electrochromic device And external light incident from the outside is blocked.

Referring to FIG. 7A, it can be seen that the manufactured electrochromic device exhibits a wide absorption spectrum when it is in the color mode within the visible range, and the higher the applied voltage, the higher the result of the absorption spectrum of the electrochromic device I could confirm.

Also, as shown in FIG. 7A, it was confirmed that two absorption peaks existed in the visible light range, and that the two absorption peaks appeared in the wavelength range of 440 nm and 590 nm.

In other words, the projection type transparent display having the electrochromic device of the present invention having the wide absorption region due to the two peaks within the visible light range can be used as a black screen in a single side light emission mode for blocking external light.

For reference, a black colored leuco dye or a mixture of blue and red leuco dye can be used to realize an electrochromic device of a black screen which blocks light.

Referring to FIG. 7B, the transmittance spectrum of the electrochromic device according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown when the wavelength is 600 nm and the optical density is 1.7, It can be seen that the color change ratio is higher in the visible light range than the other electrochromic materials (generally WO 3 or Viologen).

That is, as shown in FIG. 7B, it can be confirmed that the projection type transparent display in which the electrochromic device is combined has a high transparent optical characteristic in the transparent mode.

8 is a graph illustrating the stability of an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

More specifically, FIG. 8 shows the change of transmittance of the electrochromic device in the transparent mode and the color mode when a repetitive pulse voltage between 0 V and 1.4 V is applied to the electrochromic device at intervals of 5 minutes at a wavelength of 600 nm The results of measurement of the stability characteristics of the electrochromic device are shown.

Referring to FIG. 8, the degradation of the transmittance of the transparent mode was observed up to 200 cycles, and the change of the transmittance (ΔT%) was about 4.9%.

Also, the transmittance in the transparent mode was about 0.8% from 200 cycles to 1000 cycles, and the transmittance in the color mode was found to be about 2.3% from 200 cycles to 1000 cycles.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a projection type transparent display incorporating an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

2, a projection type transparent display incorporating an electrochromic device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a scattering layer 310 including scattering particles 320 scattering an image of a projector of a projection beam 40 An electrochromic device 200 having a transparent screen 300 for causing scattered light 41 to be incident on an image to be scanned by a pupil to form an image and an electrochromic layer 230 including an electrochromic material, , A transparent screen (300), and a bonding layer (10) for bonding the electrochromic device (200) to each other.

The transparent screen 300 reflects or scatters the image of the projection beam 40 of the incident projection beam, and guides the image so that an image is formed on the pupil.

To this end, the transparent screen 300 includes a scattering layer 310 for scattering an incident projection beam 40, and the scattered light 41 emitted by the scattering layer 310 is scanned by the pupils to induce an image to be formed.

The scattering layer 310 may comprise scattering particles 320 and may comprise elements comprising a mineral binder to aggregate the scattering particles 320 together.

For example, the transparent screen 300 includes external light 30 incident from the outside, scattered light 41 scattered by the scattering particles 320, and scattered by the projection beam 40 whose traveling direction is changed, The scattered light 41 can be guided to form the scattered light 41.

Depending on the embodiment, the scattering particles 320 may be constructed from a mixture of at least two species of silicon, aluminum, zirconium, titanium, and cerium oxide or their oxide lines.

An electrochromic device 200 having an electrochromic layer 230 including an electrochromic material included in a projection type transparent display combined with an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. And the electrochromic device 200 are the same as those described with reference to FIG. 1, and a detailed description of these components will be omitted.

The projection type transparent display to which the electrochromic device is coupled according to another embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIG. 2 includes the electrochromic device 200 according to the embodiment, the electrochromic device 200 on the transparent screen 300, An element structure layer including at least one of the sealing layer 20, the bonding layer 10, the upper substrate 250, and the lower substrate 240 can be formed.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a projection type transparent display incorporating an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

3, a projection type transparent display having an electrochromic device coupled to an electrochromic device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a projection optical system 40 for separating an image of a projection beam 40 from a birefringent element 410 separating an image of the projector into a plurality of partial beams, An electrochromic device 200 having a transparent screen 400 for causing light 41 to be guided and scanned by the eye to form an image and an electrochromic layer 230 including an electrochromic material, And a junction layer 10 for bonding the electrochromic device 200 to each other.

The transparent screen 400 reflects or scatters the image of the projecting beam 40 of the incident projection so that an image is formed on the pupil.

To this end, the transparent screen 400 includes a beam scanning unit 420 (not shown) for deflecting the partial beams of the projection beam 40 separated from the birefringent element 410 separating the beam into a plurality of partial beams, ).

The birefringent element 410 may be inclined according to the traveling direction of the projection beam 40 in which the optical axis of the horizontal and vertical directions is incident to separate the projection beam 40 incident thereon. According to the embodiment, it is more preferable that the optical axis is arranged perpendicular to the traveling direction of the projection beam 40 to be incident.

The ball refracting element 410 may be located inside the transparent screen 400 as shown in FIG. 3, but may be disposed inside the transparent screen 400 according to an embodiment.

The beam scanning unit 420 may be a two-dimensional optical scanner that scans the projection beam 40 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.

According to an embodiment, the beam scanning unit 420 may be at least one of a mirror and a PBS (Polarizer Beam Splitter).

The transparent screen 400 can allow the external light 30 incident from the outside and the emitted light 410 converted in the direction from the beam scanning unit 420 to form an image on the pupil.

The description of the electrochromic device 200 and the bonding layer 10 included in the projection type transparent display combined with the electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 is the same as that described with reference to FIG. 1, A detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In addition, the projection type transparent display to which the electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIG. 3 is combined may include an electrochromic device 200 according to an embodiment on a transparent screen 400 as shown in FIGS. 1B to 1E, An element structure layer including at least one of the sealing layer 20, the bonding layer 10, the upper substrate 250, and the lower substrate 240 can be formed.

4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a projection type transparent display incorporating an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, the projection type transparent display with the electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention includes an image of the projection beam 40 projected by the reflection mirror 510, An electrochromic device 200 having a transparent screen 500 for refracting light by a refraction index reflecting plate 520 to obtain a projected image and an electrochromic layer 230 including an electrochromic material, And a bonding layer 10 for bonding the electrochromic devices 200 to each other.

The transparent screen 500 reflects or scatters the image of the projecting beam 40 of the incident projection so that an image is formed on the pupil.

The transparent screen 500 of the projection type transparent display to which the electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention is coupled may include a reflective mirror 510, a pre-reflective plate 520, and a liquid crystal display panel 530 have.

The reflecting mirror 510 can change the direction of the projection beam 40 irradiated from the projector.

According to an embodiment, the reflection mirror 510 may be at least one of a mirror and a PBS (Polarizer Beam Splitter).

The refraction front reflector 520 may be in the form of a Fresnel screen having a serrated incidence surface on which the projection beam 40 is incident and an exit surface on which the projection beam 40 exits.

According to the embodiment, the sawtooth-shaped incident surface in the prefront reflector 520 may be covered with a reflective abatement coating layer (not shown) for reducing the reflectance of the incident visible light. In addition, depending on the embodiment, the reflection reducing coating layer may be formed of a material having a lower refractive index than the refractive index of the material of the pre-reflection plate 520.

Further, the exit surface from which the projection beam 40 of the pre-reflection plate 520 emits may include a plurality of cylindrical lenses (not shown). In addition, the plurality of cylindrical lenses (not shown) may be formed into a shape having the same shape and size by cutting a columnar or elliptic column into a plane parallel to the emitting surface.

For example, the projection beam 40 whose direction has been changed from the reflection mirror 510 can be emitted from the pre-refraction plate 520 and diffused up and down by the respective cylindrical lenses.

Further, the image formation display panel 530 can acquire a projected image by imaging the projection beam 40 emitted from the pre-refraction reflector 520.

According to the embodiment, the image formation display panel 530 may include a flat transparent substrate (not shown) and a lenticular lens portion (not shown) arranged in parallel to the exit surface of the pre-reflection plate 520. In addition, the projection beam 40 emitted from the pre-reflection plate 520 can be diffused by the lenticular lens unit and the transparent substrate (not shown) and irradiated with the pupil.

The description of the electrochromic device 200 and the bonding layer 10 included in the projection type transparent display combined with the electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 4 is the same as that described with reference to FIG. 1, A detailed description thereof will be omitted.

4, a projection type transparent display having an electrochromic device coupled to the electrochromic device 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention includes an electrochromic device 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention on a transparent screen 500, An element structure layer including at least one of the sealing layer 20, the bonding layer 10, the upper substrate 250, and the lower substrate 240 can be formed.

5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a projection type transparent display incorporating an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 5, a projection type transparent display incorporating an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a transparent spherical body (not shown) for diffusing an image of a projection beam 40 projected by a reflective mirror 610 A transparent screen 600 for causing outgoing light 41 to be incident on an image to be incident on an image using a pupil to form an image using the planar lens 620 including the electrochromic material 622, And a bonding layer 10 for bonding the transparent screen 600 and the electrochromic device 200 to each other.

The transparent screen 600 reflects or scatters the image of the projecting beam 40 projected by the projector, so that an image is formed on the pupil.

To this end, the transparent screen 600 of the projection type transparent display to which the electrochromic device is coupled according to another embodiment of the present invention may include a reflection mirror 610 and a planar type lens 620.

The reflective mirror 610 can change the direction of the projection beam 40 irradiated from the projector.

According to an embodiment, the reflection mirror 610 may be at least one of a mirror and a PBS (Polarizer Beam Splitter).

The planar lens 620 may allow the direction-converted projection beam 40 due to the reflective mirror 610 to be spread widely in both the vertical and horizontal directions.

For example, the planar lens 620 may include a transparent sphere 622 disposed adjacent to and in contact with or proximate to the transparent layer 623, and may include a projection beam 622 incident on the planar lens 620, Can be diffused in the vertical and horizontal directions by the lens effect of the transparent sphere 622. [

The transparent layer 623 may have an adhesive force or an adhesive force, and may combine a plurality of transparent spheres 622. For example, the transparent spheres 622 may be composed of a diffusion plano lens or a view angle enlarging plano lens.

In addition, depending on the embodiment, the planar lens 620 may include an anti-reflection layer (not shown) to prevent the radiation of the projection beam 40.

The description of the electrochromic device 200 and the bonding layer 10 included in the projection type transparent display combined with the electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 5 is the same as that described with reference to FIG. 1, A detailed description thereof will be omitted.

5, a projection type transparent display to which an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present invention is coupled may include an electrochromic device 200 according to an embodiment on a transparent screen 600, An element structure layer including at least one of the sealing layer 20, the bonding layer 10, the upper substrate 250, and the lower substrate 240 can be formed.

6 is a view illustrating an example in which a projection type transparent display incorporating an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

6, an apparatus 700 to which a projection type transparent display incorporating an electrochromic device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is applied includes an electrochromic device 720, a transparent screen 730, and a projector 740 .

The electrochromic device 720 can temporarily block external light 710 incident from the outside using an electrochromic layer including an electrochromic material.

The transparent screen 730 can change the direction of the projection beam irradiated from the projector 740 so that an image is formed on the pupil. 6, the user's field of view of the projection type transparent display may be positioned in the direction in which the external light 710 is ultimately directed.

According to the embodiment, the apparatus 700 using the projection type transparent display combined with the electrochromic device can control the projection beam emitted from the projector 740 so that only the external light 710 incident from the outside can be projected, The projection beam irradiated from the light source 740 and the external light 710 can be simultaneously projected.

In addition, the apparatus 700 to which the projection type transparent display combined with the electrochromic device is applied can cut off the external light 710 by the electrochromic device 720, and then irradiate only the projection beam through the projector 740.

Depending on the embodiment, the transparent screen 730 may reflect, refract, and scatter the projection beam irradiated from the projector 740.

FIGS. 9A and 9B are graphs showing transmittance according to change in relative transmittance and wavelength according to time in a projection type transparent display incorporating an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

More specifically, FIG. 9A shows the relative transmittance change according to the reaction time of the electrochromic device according to the concentration of the proton diffuser material, FIG. 9B shows the relative transmittance change according to the electrochromic device, the transparent screen and the electrochromic device And shows the change of the transmittance according to the wavelength of the projection type transparent display.

In FIGS. 9A and 9B, the reaction time is defined as the time interval between the start point of the voltage pulse and the color change of 80% in the color mode, and the reaction time of the electrochromic device to be measured is affected by the applied voltage The driving voltage of the projection type transparent display to which the electrochromic device is coupled is fixed to 1.4V.

Referring to FIG. 9A, it can be seen that the reaction time of the electrochromic device is improved by the concentration of the proton diffusing material, and the fastest reaction time appears at 1.4 seconds.

That is, it can be confirmed that the reaction time of the electrochromic device can be improved by adding the proton diffusion material of the electrochromic device to the electrolyte according to the embodiment of the present invention. However, it can be seen that the improvement in the reaction time of the electrochromic device saturates at 1.8 wt% of the proton diffusion material.

Referring to FIG. 9A, it can be seen that the proton diffusion material is stable to the oxidation-reduction reaction, and the cation formation due to the diffusion material is sufficient to diffuse the proton.

Referring to FIG. 9B, it can be seen that the transparent screen exhibits a transmittance of 68.3% in the wavelength region of 550 nm, and the electrochromic device exhibits a transmittance of 84.9% in the wavelength region of 550 nm, It can be seen that the transparent display (combined device) shows a transmittance of 63.0% in the wavelength region of 550 nm.

That is, it can be seen that the transmissivity is reduced by 5.3% in the projection type transparent display in which the electrochromic device is combined, which shows that the effect of improving the light efficiency is shown.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. For example, it is to be understood that the techniques described may be performed in a different order than the described methods, and / or that components of the described systems, structures, devices, circuits, Lt; / RTI > or equivalents, even if it is replaced or replaced.

Therefore, other implementations, other embodiments, and equivalents to the claims are also within the scope of the following claims.

100, 300, 400, 500, 600, 730: transparent screen
200: electrochromic device
10: bonding layer
20: sealing layer

Claims (21)

A projection screen that projects or reflects an image of an incident projection projector so that an image is formed;
An electrochromic device having a first electrode and a second electrode corresponding to each other, and an electrochromic layer positioned between the first and second electrodes and including an electrochromic material; And
The transparent screen and the junction layer for bonding the electrochromic device to each other
And an electrochromic device including the electrochromic device. The method according to claim 1,
The transparent screen
And a reflection plate for reflecting or refracting the incident projection beam, wherein reflected or refracted light reflected or refracted by the reflection plate is scanned by the pupil to form an image. The method according to claim 1,
The transparent screen
And a scattering layer for scattering the incident projection beam, wherein scattered light by the scattering layer is scanned by the pupil to form an image. The method of claim 3,
The scattering layer
Wherein the first electrode is composed of elements including a scattering particle and a mineral binder that aggregates the scattering particles with each other. 5. The method of claim 4,
The scattering particles
Silicon, aluminum, zirconium, titanium, and cerium oxide or a mixture of at least two of these oxides. The method according to claim 1,
The transparent screen
And a reflecting mirror for deflecting the partial beams of the projection beam separated from the birefringent element for separating the beam into a plurality of partial beams and for scanning the pupil to form an image. . The method according to claim 6,
The birefringent element
Wherein the projection optical system is a two-dimensional optical scanner for scanning the projection beam in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction. The method according to claim 1,
The transparent screen
A reflecting mirror for converting a direction of the projection beam irradiated from the projector;
A Fresnel screen-shaped refracting reflection plate having a serrated incidence surface on which the projection beam is incident and an emergence surface on which the projection beam exits; And
A projection display unit for projecting the projection beam emitted from the pre-
And an electrochromic device including the electrochromic device. The method according to claim 1,
The transparent screen
A reflecting mirror for converting a direction of the projection beam irradiated from the projector; And
A planar lens that increases the range so that the projection beam converted by the reflective mirror can be widely diffused in both the vertical and horizontal directions;
The electrochromic device comprising: an electrochromic element; 10. The method of claim 9,
The planar lens
And a transparent sphere disposed adjacent to each other and disposed in a transparent layer so as to be in contact with or in proximity to each other, wherein the projection beam diffuses due to the transparent sphere. The method according to claim 1,
The electrochromic layer
Wherein the multilayer thin film state, the solution state, or the multilayer thin film state and the solution state are mixed with each other. The method according to claim 1,
The electrochromic layer
Wherein the electrochromic device is formed using a solution containing an electrochromic material, an electrolyte salt, a solvent, and an electron-accepting molecule. The method according to claim 1,
The electrochromic material
Wherein the electrochromic device comprises an isobenzofuranone-based compound containing an amino group as an electron donor unit. The method according to claim 1,
The electrochromic material
Wherein the electrochromic device is a liquid crystal display device. The method according to claim 1,
The bonding layer
Wherein the electrochromic device is formed of at least one of a transparent substrate and a multilayer thin film. The method according to claim 1,
A second electrode formed on the electrochromic layer,
The electrochromic device further comprising an electrochromic device. The method according to claim 1,
And a second electrode disposed between the bonding layer and the first electrode formed under the electrochromic layer,
The electrochromic device further comprising an electrochromic device. 18. The method of claim 17,
And an upper electrode formed on the second electrode formed on the electrochromic layer,
The electrochromic device further comprising an electrochromic device. 19. The method of claim 18,
A sealing layer formed on the upper substrate,
The electrochromic device further comprising an electrochromic device. Projection beam A transparent screen that reflects or scatters an image of a projector and causes an image to be formed;
An electrochromic device having a first electrode and a second electrode corresponding to each other, and an electrochromic layer positioned between the first and second electrodes and including an electrochromic material; And
And an upper substrate
And an electrochromic device including the electrochromic device. 21. The method of claim 20,
A sealing layer formed on the upper substrate,
The electrochromic device further comprising an electrochromic device.
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