KR20170019106A

KR20170019106A - Anchoring apparatus

Info

Publication number: KR20170019106A
Application number: KR1020150113045A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 임인규
Original assignee: 삼성중공업 주식회사
Priority date: 2015-08-11
Filing date: 2015-08-11
Publication date: 2017-02-21
Also published as: KR101722185B1

Abstract

An anchoring device is disclosed. According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an anchor device including an anchor body including a hollow portion formed therein and a split groove formed on an inner peripheral surface of the hollow portion, an anchor head coupled to the anchor body to cover the hollow portion, An explosive mounted on the dividing groove to divide the plate into a plurality of plates, and a plurality of first connecting lines connecting each of the plurality of plates to be divided to the anchor head.

Description

ANCHORING APPARATUS

The present invention relates to an anchoring device.

To collect marine resources such as crude oil or natural gas, a variety of offshore structures are built onshore. These marine structures float on the sea, so it is necessary to restrict the movement or fix the position of the marine structure, and accordingly, the foundation for supporting the marine structure is installed on the submarine ground.

The bases supporting marine structures can be classified in various ways according to the installation method. A foundation pile or anchor installed inthe bottom of the seabed can be driven pile, suction pile, drag anchor or drop anchor or torpedo anchor depending on the way of penetrating into the seabed. And so on.

Since the foundation pile or anchor penetrated into the seabed to support the offshore structure is installed in water, construction time and cost may be considerable depending on the depth of the pile or anchor, or the characteristics of the seabed.

Published patent application No. 10-2012-0064774 (published on June 20, 2012)

Embodiments of the present invention are intended to provide an anchoring device capable of improving resistance to pulling force.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an anchor body including a hollow portion formed therein and a split groove formed on an inner circumferential surface of the hollow portion, an anchor head coupled to the anchor body to cover the hollow portion, There is provided an anchoring device comprising an explosive mounted in a dividing groove for dividing into plates, and a plurality of first connecting lines connecting each of the plurality of divided plates to an anchor head.

Here, it further includes an installation line coupled to the anchor head, the explosive being detonated by a signal applied through the installation line.

Further comprising a mooring line coupled to the anchor head, each of the plurality of plates being radially expandable by the tension of the mooring line.

The anchor body may include a body portion formed in a columnar shape and a tip portion formed in a hemispherical shape or a conical shape and coupled to one end of the body portion, and the hollow portion may be formed in a cylindrical shape in the body portion.

And a second connection line connecting the tip end to the anchor head, wherein at least a portion of the plurality of first connection lines can engage the second connection line in a branched configuration in the second connection line.

According to the embodiments of the present invention, since the anchor body is divided into a plurality of plates by the explosive after penetration into the seabed ground is included, the contact area is increased in the seabed so that the resistance against the pulling force of the anchoring device is improved .

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a view showing a manner in which an anchoring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is introduced into a seabed. FIG.
2 is a view showing an appearance of the anchoring device shown in Fig.
3 is a perspective view showing an anchoring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
4 is a view showing a state in which the anchor body of the anchoring device shown in Fig. 3 is divided into a plurality of plates; Fig.
5 is a view showing a hollow portion of the anchor body shown in Fig. 3;
6 is a sectional view of the anchoring device shown in Fig. 3; Fig.
7 is an enlarged view of the plate of the anchoring device shown in Fig.
8 is a view showing a state in which the anchoring device shown in Fig. 3 is penetrated into the seabed. Fig.
9 is a view showing a state in which the anchor body of the anchoring device shown in Fig. 8 is divided into a plurality of plates and expanded. Fig.

The terminology used in this application is used only to describe a specific embodiment and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

In the present application, when a component is referred to as "comprising ", it means that it can include other components as well, without excluding other components unless specifically stated otherwise. Also, throughout the specification, the term "on" means to be located above or below the object portion, and does not necessarily mean that the object is located on the upper side with respect to the gravitational direction.

In addition, the term " coupled " is used not only in the case of direct physical contact between the respective constituent elements in the contact relation between the constituent elements, but also means that other constituent elements are interposed between the constituent elements, Use them as a concept to cover each contact.

It is also to be understood that the terms first, second, etc. used hereinafter are merely reference numerals for distinguishing between identical or corresponding components, and the same or corresponding components are defined by terms such as first, second, no.

The sizes and thicknesses of the respective components shown in the drawings are arbitrarily shown for convenience of explanation, and thus the present invention is not necessarily limited to those shown in the drawings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Hereinafter, an embodiment of an anchoring apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the same or corresponding components are denoted by the same reference numerals, A duplicate description will be omitted.

FIG. 1 is a view showing a manner in which an anchoring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is introduced into a seabed ground, and FIG. 2 is a view showing an outer appearance of the anchoring apparatus shown in FIG.

1 and 2, an anchoring apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment is an apparatus for restricting or fixing the position of an offshore structure or ship 50 floated on the sea, The anchor body 110 supported in the seabed ground S by the intrusion and friction with the material in the ground and the mooring line for transmitting the fixing force or supporting force by the anchor body 110 to the offshore structure or the ship 50 (M).

As shown in FIG. 1, the anchor body 110 is free fall from the bottom surface at a predetermined height H, and is introduced into the seabed ground S. The deeper penetration of the anchor body 110 into the seabed ground S can increase the resistance to the vertical load or the pulling force applied to the anchor body 110. [

The anchor body 110 can be introduced into the seabed ground S by potential energy having a predetermined height H from the sea floor and the larger the potential energy of the anchor body 110 Can be penetrated deeper into the seabed sole (S).

However, the anchor body 110 receives a resistance force generated by the friction with the seawater during the falling of the water, penetrates the seabed ground S and transmits the resistance force generated by the friction with the surrounding ground during the movement in the ground Receive. The depth of penetration of the anchor body 110 can be increased by reducing the frictional force generated for different reasons in the anchor body 110 and increasing the initial potential energy of the anchor body 110.

It is possible to increase the drop height of the anchor body 110 in order to increase the potential energy of the anchor body 110. This can increase the accuracy of the position where the anchor body 110 should be intruded, .

One of the other measures for increasing the potential energy is to design the weight of the anchor body 110 to be large. For example, the anchor body 110 may be formed of a material having a high specific gravity, or may be filled with a material having a high specific gravity within the anchor body 110, or a ballast may be inserted into the anchor body 110 You can fill it in.

Referring to FIG. 1, an anchoring apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. First, an anchoring apparatus 100 is mounted on a submarine ground S) to a point spaced apart by a predetermined height (H). That is, the anchor body 110 is positioned at the dropping point.

The height H of the anchor body 110 separated from the seabed ground S or the height of the anchor body 110 depends on the magnitude of the vertical load applied to the anchor body 110 and the accuracy of the penetration depth or penetration point of the anchor body 110 The design can be changed appropriately according to the tolerance range.

The drop line D and the mooring line M are coupled to the anchor body 110 descended from the seabed ground S to a predetermined height H. [ The mooring line M is a line connecting the anchor body 110 and the offshore structure or the ship 50 penetrated into the seabed ground S so that the depth of the installation area and the penetration depth of the anchor body 110 are considered And the drop line D may be constructed in consideration of the required drop height of the anchor body 110. [

The anchor body 110 can freely fall by its own weight and is penetrated into the seabed sole S through the seabed ground S by cutting the fall line D coupled to the anchor body 110. [ The mooring line M is connected to the anchor body 110 penetrated into the seabed ground S and the marine structure or the ship 50 is fixed or restricted in its movement through the mooring line M .

As described above, the anchor body 110 receives a resistance force due to friction with seawater during dropping in the water, and the vertical movement of the anchor body 110 due to the current flowing around the anchor body 110 during the drop The accuracy of the installation area may be degraded.

As shown in FIG. 2, the anchor body 110 may be formed in a torpedo or streamlined structure that receives less resistance in the fluid in order to reduce the resistance force applied to the anchor body 110 during dropping in water.

In addition, the anchor apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment may further include a wing portion 200 radially disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the anchor body 110 to maintain the anchor body 110 in a vertical position. That is, the wing portion 200 can restrict the inclination of the anchor body 110 while the anchor body 110 falls.

The center of gravity of the anchor body 110 is positioned at the tip of the anchor body 110 rather than the center of gravity of the anchor body 110 by forming the end of the anchor body 110 (the one end of the anchor body first making contact with the underside ground) The verticality of the anchor body 110 can be improved.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an anchoring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a view showing a state where an anchor body of the anchoring apparatus shown in FIG. 3 is divided into a plurality of plates.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a hollow part of the anchor body shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 6 is a view showing a cross section of the anchoring device shown in FIG.

3 to 6, the anchor apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment includes an anchor body 110, an anchor head 120, an explosive 130, and a plurality of first connection lines 140, The installation line 150, the mooring line 160, and / or the second connection line 141. [

The anchor body 110 is a part forming the overall appearance of the anchor apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment and includes a hollow portion 115 formed therein and a split groove 116 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the hollow portion 115 And is introduced into the seabed by the falling method. The anchor body 110 has a longitudinal direction L and a radial direction r intersecting therewith and an intruding direction of the anchor body 110 in the ground can coincide with a longitudinal direction L of the anchor body 110 .

The anchor body 110 penetrates the bottom of the seabed and penetrates into the bottom of the seabed so that it can be supported in the seabed so as to resist the pulling force applied to the anchor body 110 by the friction with the surrounding ground.

The hollow portion 115 formed inside the anchor body 110 may extend along the longitudinal direction L of the anchor body 110 and one end of the hollow portion 115 may be opened . The hollow portion 115 may be formed integrally along the longitudinal direction L of the anchor body 110 or may be formed along the longitudinal direction L only in a part of the anchor body 110.

As shown in Fig. 5, the dividing groove 116 is formed in the inner peripheral surface of the hollow portion 115. Fig. The split groove 116 is formed to be embedded in the outer peripheral surface of the anchor body 110 on the inner peripheral surface of the hollow portion 115 and extends along the longitudinal direction L of the anchor body 110, May be formed along the circumference of the inner circumferential surface.

3 is a plan view of the anchor body 110 in the longitudinal direction L of the anchor body 110 and includes two split grooves 116 radially spaced apart from each other and a circumferential surface of the hollow portion 115, Although the dividing groove 116 is formed in two divided grooves 115, the forming position and the number of the dividing grooves 116 can be changed as needed.

A part of the anchor body 110 in which the dividing groove 116 is formed is formed in the dividing groove 116 so that the parting groove 116 is formed in the outer circumferential surface of the anchor body 110. Therefore, The thickness along the radial direction r is formed thinner than the other portions of the anchor body 110 where the anchor body 110 is not formed.

Meanwhile, the anchor body 110 may include a body portion 111 and a tip portion 112. The body portion 111 is formed in a columnar shape and the distal end portion 112 is formed in a hemispherical or conical shape to be coupled to one end of the body portion 111. [ The body portion 111 and the tip portion 112 may be formed separately and joined together through a mechanical fastening method or a joining method such as welding, or may be integrally formed to form a single body.

The body part 111 is formed to extend in the longitudinal direction L of the anchor body 110 and the front end part 112 is coupled to one end of the body part 111 along the longitudinal direction L of the anchor body 110. [ Or formed.

The hollow portion 115 may be formed in a cylindrical shape inside the body portion 111. That is, the hollow part 115 may be formed to extend in the longitudinal direction L in the body part 111 of the anchor body 110, and the cross-sectional shape of the hollow part 115 may be a Sectional shape.

The tip portion 112 may be coupled to one end of the body portion 111 and an opening may be formed at the other end of the body portion 111. At this time, the hollow part 115 formed inside the body part 111 can be opened to the outside through the opening formed in the tartan of the body part 111.

The tip portion 112 is a portion that is first penetrated into the bottom of the seabed when the anchor body 110 penetrates into the bottom of the seabed. The front end portion 112 is formed into a tapered shape toward a hemispherical, conical, or open end so as to easily penetrate into the bottom of the seabed through the bottom of the anchor body 110, that is, the anchor body 110 of the anchor body 110 .

In addition, since the shape of the tip portion 112 is formed in a tapered shape toward the hemisphere, cone, or tip, the resistance against the fluid generated in the anchor body 110 during dropping in water can be reduced.

The anchor head 120 is coupled to the anchor body 110 so as to cover the hollow portion 115 formed inside the anchor body 110. When the anchor body 110 includes the body portion 111 and the tip portion 112 and the hollow portion 115 is formed in the body portion 111, the tip portion 112 is formed at one end of the body portion 111, And the anchor head 120 is coupled to the other end of the body part 111 so that the anchor head 120 can cover the hollow part 115 formed in the body part 111. [

The diameter of the anchor head 120 may be substantially the same as the diameter of the anchor body 110 to which the anchor head 120 is coupled. The anchor head 120 may be coupled to the anchor body 110 to close the hollow portion 115 formed in the anchor body 110 and to prevent the seawater or subsoil material from flowing into the hollow portion 115 It is possible to prevent penetration.

The explosive 130 is mounted in the dividing groove 116 to divide the anchor body 110 into the plurality of plates 170 along the dividing groove 116 formed in the anchor body 110 by generating the explosion. The explosive 130 refers to a compound or a mixture capable of generating a sudden chemical reaction in a short time due to heat, impact, and mechanical action, and generating a large amount of gas and heat in a short time to instantaneously obtain a great force.

6, when the plurality of division grooves 116 are formed on the inner circumferential surface of the hollow portion 115, the explosive 130 may be mounted on the plurality of division grooves 116, respectively. The explosive 130 is mounted on the dividing groove 116 to generate an explosion to divide the anchor body 110 into the plurality of plates 170 along the dividing groove 116 and the explosive 130 is divided into the dividing grooves 116, Is not disposed in the other area of the anchor body 110 which is not formed.

The explosive 130 may generate shock waves directed from the inside to the outside of the anchor body 110 and the thickness of a part of the anchor body 110 having the dividing grooves 116 may be different from that of the other parts of the anchor body 110 So that even if the same shock wave is applied, only a part of the anchor body 110 in which the dividing grooves 116 are formed can be broken.

The explosive 130 is positioned at the bottom of the anchor body 110 so that the depth of the anchor body 110 can be determined while the anchor body 110 stops falling in the water and before the intrusion of the anchor body 110 into the seabed is completed, It can be configured not to work before.

That is, the anchor body 110 maintains the shape shown in FIG. 3 during falling of the water and before the intrusion into the seabed is completed, and when the explosive 130 is operated after the penetration of the anchor body 110 is completed, The body 110 may be divided into a plurality of plates 170 and changed into the shape shown in Fig.

The first connection line 140 connects each of the plurality of plates 170 divided by the explosive 130 to the anchor head 120. The anchor body 110 may be separated from the anchor head 120 by being divided into a plurality of plates 170 but it is not allowed that each plate 170 is disengaged from the anchor head 120.

That is, the anchor body 110 is divided into the plurality of plates 170 so that the physical contact between each of the plurality of plates 170 and the plate 170 and the anchor head 120 is released, And the plate 170 and the anchor head 120 are connected to each other by a plurality of first connection lines 140 so as to be located within a certain range with respect to each other.

The plurality of first connection lines 140 may be coupled to the anchor head 120 and the plurality of plates 170 by various methods. For example, the first connection line 140 may be coupled to the anchor head 120 and the plurality of plates 170, respectively, or may be coupled to the plurality of plates 170 and the anchor heads 120 And the first connection line 140 may be fastened to the respective lugs. As shown in FIG.

The first connection line 140 may be received in the hollow portion 115 formed inside the anchor body 110 before the anchor body 110 is divided into the plurality of plates 170. [ The first connection line 140 may be received in the hollow portion 115 and may not be exposed to the outside when the anchor body 110 falls.

The anchor body 110 can increase the depth of penetration into the seabed so that the resistance against the pulling force can be improved and the contact area between the anchor body 110 and the surrounding ground can be increased to improve the resistance against the pulling force.

However, if the size of the anchor body 110 is increased, the manufacturing cost of the anchor body 110 is increased, and when the anchor body 110 is dropped, The resistive force due to friction with sea water increases, and when penetrating into the seabed, the penetration depth can be reduced due to the increase of resistivity.

Since the anchor body 110 is divided into the plurality of plates 170 after the anchor body 110 is inserted into the bottom of the seabed and the anchor body 110 is increased in size It is possible to increase the area in contact with the surrounding ground in the submarine ground.

That is, before the anchor body 110 is divided, the contact area with the surrounding ground is limited to the area of the outer circumferential surface of the anchor body 110. However, when the anchor body 110 is divided into the plurality of plates 170, The entire contact area is increased and the frictional force with the surrounding ground can be improved. Accordingly, the overall supporting force of the anchor apparatus 100 can be improved.

The anchor apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment may further include an installation line 150 coupled to the anchor head 120 and further includes a mooring line 160 coupled to the anchor head 120 You may.

The installation line 150 is a line connecting an external structure (such as an offshore structure or a ship) with the anchor body 110 and the anchor head 120. The explosive 130 is connected to the anchor body 110 by the signal applied through the installation line 150, . That is, after the anchor body 110 is completely inserted, the installation line 150 may generate an explosion by the explosive 130 by applying an explosion signal of the explosive 130.

The mooring line 160 is coupled to the anchor head 120 and each of the plurality of plates 170 divided by the explosive 130 is disposed in a direction opposite to the direction of intrusion of the anchor body 110 So that it can be radially expanded by friction with the surrounding ground.

The shock waves generated by the explosive 130 divide the anchor body 110 into a plurality of plates 170 and reduce the compactness of the ground material existing around the anchor body 110 . By reducing the densities of the surrounding ground of the anchor body 110, the plurality of plates 170 can be radially expanded more easily in the ground.

As described above, the anchor body 110 may include a columnar body portion 111 and a hemispherical or conical tip portion 112. The anchor apparatus 100 may further include a second connection line 141 connecting the front end portion 112 to the anchor head 120. The anchor head 120 may include a plurality of first connection lines 140, At least a portion of which may be branched at the second connection line 141 and coupled to the second connection line 141. [

7 is an enlarged view of the plate 170 of the anchoring device 100 shown in Fig.

Referring to FIG. 7, each of the plurality of plates 170 formed by dividing the anchor body 110 may be coupled to the first connection line 140 at a plurality of points. Each of the plurality of plates 170 may be coupled with the first connection line 140 at a plurality of points to maintain a more stable arrangement structure.

Each of the plurality of plates 170 is coupled to the first connection line 140 at the inner side of each plate 170. Each plate 170 includes a concave inner surface and a convex outer surface since the cylindrical body portion 111 is formed by being divided. Each plate 170 can be subjected to greater frictional resistance when the concave surface is disposed to face the seabed ground.

However, when each plate 170 is combined at a single point with the first connection line 140, the arrangement can be reversed in the process of radially expanding each plate in the ground, May be arranged to receive the frictional resistance.

When the plate 170 is coupled to the first connection line 140 at a plurality of points, it is possible to limit the reversal of the arrangement of the plates 170 in the process of radially expanding the plate 170, 140 may further include an auxiliary connection line 142 branched at one end and coupled to each vertex of the plate 170.

FIG. 8 is a view showing a state where the anchoring apparatus shown in FIG. 3 is penetrated into a seabed ground, and FIG. 9 is a view showing a state where an anchor body of the anchoring apparatus shown in FIG.

The operation mechanism of the anchoring apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to Figs. 8 and 9. Fig.

As shown in FIG. 8, the anchor body 110 is introduced into the seabed ground S by a falling method. A hollow portion 115 is formed in the anchor body 110 and a split groove 116 is formed in the inner peripheral surface of the hollow portion 115. At this time, the anchor head 120 is coupled to the anchor body 110 so as to cover the hollow portion 115 formed inside the anchor body 110. In addition, an installation line 150 and a mooring line 160 are coupled to the anchor head 120.

When the penetration of the anchor body 110 in the seabed ground S is completed, a signal to detonate the explosive 130 is applied through the installation line 150. Accordingly, when the explosive 130 is activated and an explosion is generated, the anchor body 110 is divided into a plurality of plates 170.

9, when the mooring line 160 coupled to the anchor head 120 is pulled, a plurality of plates 170 formed by dividing the anchor body 110 are radially moved by friction with the surrounding ground Can be expanded.

The front end 112 of the anchor body 110 is connected to the anchor head 120 by the second connection line 141 and each plate 170 is connected to the anchor head 120 or The sum of the resistance against the pulling force of each plate 170 can be a resistance against the total pulling force of the anchoring device 110 according to the present embodiment.

Since the anchoring device 100 according to the present embodiment changes its shape after the penetration into the seabed ground S is completed and the contact area with the material in the ground increases, the resistance to the pulling force of the anchoring device 100 can be improved And the shape of the anchorage device 100 can be maintained because the shape of the anchorage device 100 is not changed until the intrusion into the seabed ground S is completed.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

50: Offshore structures or ships, etc. 100: Anchoring devices
110: anchor body 111:
112: tip portion 115: hollow portion
116: split groove 120: anchor head
130 explosive 140 first connection line
141: Second connection line 142: Secondary connection line
150: Installation line 160: Mooring line
170: plate 200: wing portion
S: Submarine ground

Claims

An anchor body including a hollow portion formed in the hollow portion and a split groove formed in the inner peripheral surface of the hollow portion;
An anchor head coupled to the anchor body to cover the hollow portion;
An explosive mounted on the dividing groove so as to divide the anchor body into a plurality of plates along the dividing groove; And
And a plurality of first connection lines connecting each of the plurality of divided plates to the anchor head.

The method according to claim 1,
And an installation line coupled to the anchor head,
Wherein the explosive is detonated by a signal applied through the installation line.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
And a mooring line coupled to the anchor head,
Each of the plurality of plates radially extending by the tension of the mooring line.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the anchor body includes:
A body portion formed in a columnar shape; And
And a distal end portion formed in a hemispherical or conical shape and coupled to one end of the body portion,
Wherein the hollow portion is formed in a cylindrical shape in the body portion.

5. The method of claim 4,
And a second connection line connecting the tip portion to the anchor head,
Wherein at least some of the plurality of first connection lines engage the second connection line in a branched configuration at the second connection line.