KR20160145620A - Solvent vapor phase degreasing and defluxing compositions, methods, devices and systems - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is based in part on: (a) a first component comprising an alcohol; (b) a second component selected from the group consisting of glycol ethers, terpenes, halogenated hydrocarbons, and combinations thereof; and (c) A third component selected from the group consisting of hydrohaloether, decahalopentane, and combinations thereof.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a solvent vapor phase degreasing and defluxing composition, a solvent vapor phase degreasing and defluxing composition, a method, an apparatus,

[Cross reference to related application]

This application claims priority from co-pending U.S. Serial No. 61 / 978,278 filed on April 11, 2014 and 62 / 110,037 filed January 30, 2015, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. do.

[0001]

The present invention relates generally to compositions, and more particularly to solvent or cleaning compositions for vapor phase de-grinding and defluxing of substrate materials, and solvent cleaning methods, apparatus and systems.

Solvent vapor phase de-grinding and defluxing can be used to remove contaminated substrates (e.g., printed circuit boards or processed metals, glass, ceramics, plastics, or elastomeric components or composites) from a particular chlorocarbon or chlorofluorocarbon fluid or mixture admixture and then rinsing the components in a second tank or scrubbing zone by immersion or distillation spray with the same chlorocarbon or chlorofluorocarbon cleaning solvent as used in the first scrubbing zone. The part is then dried by keeping the cooled portion in the condensed vapor until the temperature reaches equilibrium.

Solvent cleaning of various types of components is generally accomplished using batch, hoist-assisted batch, conveyor batch, or in-line type conveyor degreaser and defluxer equipment ). Such an inline conveyor degryer and diplexer arrangement is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,007,179 entitled " Cold Air Lock Vapor Seal ", commonly assigned to the assignee of the present invention. The component may also be cleaned with open-top defluxing or degreasing equipment such as that disclosed in co-pending U.S. Patent Application No. 07 / 587,893, filed September 25, 1990, now U.S. Patent No. 5,075,982. In both types of equipment, the inlet and / or outlet ends of the equipment are generally open in communication with the surrounding environment and solvent within the equipment. In order to minimize the loss of solvent from the apparatus by convection or diffusion, a common practice in the art is to remove the solvent in the degraser / diplexer tank, as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,261,111 (Rand), which is incorporated herein by reference. Cooled or refrigerant-cooled coil that creates a vapor blanket over a high temperature or peripheral zone area.

It is therefore known to carry out the cleaning, rinsing and drying steps in the solvent vapor phase de-grinding process, generally using a single organic chlorocarbon or chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) fluid. The use of CFC-113 and freon-based solvents has been particularly popular in the past. However, vapor diffusion into the environment has been implicated as one of many potential contributors to the undesirable global depletion of stratospheric ozone.

In response to environmental concerns, certain hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) based solvents have been developed to provide a more environmentally acceptable alternative to the CFC-based vapor phase de-fining and defluxing processes. These materials appear to be excellent substitutes for CFC materials conventionally used in a variety of cleaning applications, but they are only considered temporary substitutes for the CFC. This is due in large part to the fact that the proposed material still has a small but finite ozone depletion index, even though they are much lower than the amount of CFC replaced. Thus, this particular HCFC solvent is also proposed for global phase out in the near future. It is generally believed that organic solvents that do not contain chlorine, bromine, or iodine atoms tend not to contribute to stratospheric ozone depletion. However, many organic chemicals that do not contain such halogen atoms, such as hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters, ethers, ketones, will often contain undesirable flammability or reactivity characteristics. In addition, certain perfluorinated, saturated hydrocarbons and hydrofluorocarbons have zero (0) ozone breakdown index; Stability, non-reactivity, high compatibility with plastics; Good water displacement potential; It is generally known to have many desirable solvent properties such as non-toxic and inert, and ideal compatibility with vapor phase solvent cleaning equipment. However, most of these perfluorocarbons have been found to be very poor solvents for many common organic and inorganic soils, e.g., flux. Certain hydrofluorocarbons have improved compared to perfluorocarbons but will still provide limited cleaning capability, while these materials are concerned that they may exhibit undesirable flammability comparable to their hydrocarbon analogs.

European Patent Publication No. 0 431 458, published June 12, 1991, discloses a process for the preparation of aliphatic hydrofluoro compounds of the formula C _n F _m H _{2n + 2-m} , wherein 4? N? 6 and 6? M? Teaches the Lokabon. This document teaches that aliphatic hydrofluorocarbons are active ingredients in the removal of fluxes, fats, oils, and dust from contaminated parts. This document teaches that organic solvents selected from hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters, and ketones can be added in varying amounts to the aliphatic hydrofluorocarbons to increase the solubility of the flux.

There are other types of cleaning processes such as aqueous cleaning. Aqueous scrubbing typically involves rinsing the substrate or part in a detergent or surfactant aqueous solution followed by several rinse steps with purified water. The components are then dried by long evaporation in air or by an energy intensive heat drier. This process is not always desirable due to the high energy costs for drying and the additional capital investment and operating costs required to provide aqueous and wastewater purification required by national and local governments prior to draining the groundwater.

Other cleaning treatments, such as semi-aqueous cleaning, have a high affinity for oils, waxes, and greases that are cleaned from parts, for example, with or without the aid of surfactants. And cleaning the substrate in a hydrocarbon solvent based on a terpene, ester, or petroleum distillate. The cleaned substrate is rinsed in high boiling hydrocarbon solvent in several rinse steps using pure water. The hydrocarbon solvent is phase separated again into a wash sump, and the aqueous effluent should be treated before groundwater is drained. As a result, it is clear that the costs associated with dry energy and processing waste effluent are high, similar to the above-mentioned aqueous cleaning process. Another disadvantage is that the hydrocarbon solvent generally has a flash point, which must be handled carefully to prevent explosion or be blanketed with a noncombustible compressed gas such as nitrogen. The nitrogen gas is much more fugitive than the dense vapor of the fluorocarbons contained in the condensation zone. In addition, in many applications, the substrate to be cleaned may be compatible with the hydrocarbon solvent, but some plastic or metal may be non-compatible with the aqueous rinse solvent, resulting in water being absorbed or corroded by the substrate.

In a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a process for the preparation of a first component comprising: (a) a first component comprising an alcohol selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol and isopropanol, (b) a second component selected from the group consisting of glycol ethers, terpenes, halogenated hydrocarbons, (C) a third component selected from the group consisting of hydrofluorocarbons (other than the halogenated hydrocarbon second component), hydrohaloether, decahalopentane, and combinations thereof. Wherein the second component and the third component are not the same. In another embodiment, the third component is provided in an amount effective to form an azeotropic or azeotropic composition with at least one alcohol of the first component.

In certain embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, the second component (b) comprises halogenated hydrocarbons and is preferably provided in the relative amounts described herein. Halogenated hydrocarbon, preferably a compound consisting of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and is preferably a C ₁ to C ₈ alkyl group, a C ₁ to C ₈ alkenyl group, a C ₁ to C ₈ alcohol group, a C ₁ to C ₁₀ ether, And C ₅ to C ₇ cyclic alkenyl groups, or in some embodiments, the compounds are substituted with at least one halogen selected from F, Cl, Br, In certain embodiments, the halogenated hydrocarbon comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of trans 1,2-dichloroethylene, perchlorethylene, trichlorethylene, and combinations thereof.

In certain embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, said second component (b) preferably comprises glycol ethers provided in the amounts described herein. In a preferred embodiment, the glycol ether comprises the structure R'OR-OR ', wherein R is a C ₁ to C ₈ alkyl group, a C ₁ to C ₈ alkenyl group, a C ₁ to C ₈ alcohol group, a C ₁ to C ₁₀ ether group, C ₅ to C ₇ cyclic alkyl group, a C ₅ to C ₇ cyclic alkenyl group, a C ₅ to C ₇ heterocyclic group, and a C ₅ to C ₇ heterocyclic is selected from click an alkenyl group, each R ' It is H, C ₁ to C ₈ alkyl group, C ₁ to C ₈ alkenyl group, C ₁ to C ₈ alcohol group, or a C ₁ to C ₁₀ ether, C ₅ to C ₇ cyclic alkyl group, C ₅ to C ₇ si A C ₅ to C ₇ heterocyclic alkyl group, and a C ₅ to C ₇ heterocyclic alkenyl group. In certain embodiments, R is a C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl group. In another embodiment, the glycol ether is a compound according to the structure R'-O- (CH ₂ ) ₂ -O-R ', wherein at least one R' is H and the other R 'is a C ₁ to C ₈ alkyl , A C ₁ to C ₈ alkenyl group, a C ₁ to C ₈ alcohol group, a C ₁ to C ₁₀ ether, and a C ₅ to C ₇ cyclic alkenyl group. In a further embodiment, the glycol ether is selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 2-ethoxyethanol, 2-methoxyethanol, 2-propoxyethanol, 2-phenoxyethanol, 2-benzoxyethanol, Carbitol cellosolve, diethoxyethane, dimethoxyethane, dibutoxybutane, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, Glycol monomethyl ether acetate, and / or propylene glycol phenyl ether.

In certain embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, the second component preferably comprises a terpene provided in the amounts described herein. Terpenes may be any of the terpenes provided herein or combinations thereof, and in certain embodiments, the terpenes comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of d-limonene and / or pinene.

In certain embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, the third component preferably comprises a hydrohaloether. In a particular embodiment, to be hydro-ether, having a, in which R and R 'structure RO-R is C ₁ to C ₂₀ alkyl group, C ₁ to C ₂₀ alkenyl groups, C ₁ to C ₂₀ alcohol group, C ₁ to C ₂₀ independently from an ether group, C ₅ to C ₇ cyclic alkyl group, a C ₅ to C ₇ cyclic alkenyl group, C ₅ to C ₇ heterocyclic group, and a C ₅ to C ₇ heterocyclic know the group consisting alkenyl , Wherein at least one R and / or R 'is substituted at one or more positions with a halogen atom. In certain preferred embodiments, the hydrohaloether is a hydrofluoroether, and in certain embodiments it has or comprises the structure CH ₂ OCF ₂ CF ₂ CF ₂ CF ₃ . Preferably, the third component comprising the hydrohaloether component is present in an amount of from about 25% to about 99% by weight, based on the sum of components (a), (b) and (c) In embodiments from about 50% to about 99% by weight, in certain embodiments from about 75% to about 99% by weight, in certain embodiments from about 90% to about 99% In certain embodiments in an amount of from about 92% to about 96% by weight.

In certain embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention, the third component preferably comprises decahalopentane and, in certain preferred embodiments, is decafluoropentane. In a preferred embodiment the decafluoropentane is 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane, 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5, 5,5-decafluoropentane, and / or 1,1,1,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-decafluoropentane, and / or consisting essentially of, or consisting of, Lt; / RTI > The decahalopentane is preferably present in an amount of from about 30% to about 99% by weight, based on the sum of components (a), (b) and (c) In an amount of about 99 weight percent, in certain embodiments in an amount of about 70 weight percent to about 99 weight percent, in certain embodiments in an amount of about 90 weight percent to about 99 weight percent, in certain embodiments about 92 weight percent, To about 96% by weight.

In a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a process for the preparation of (i) 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and (ii) the same as the second component of the first embodiment and described in connection with the first aspect At least one second component that is present in a concentration of at least one solvent. In a particular embodiment of the second aspect, component (i) is an azeotropic or azeotropic composition consisting essentially of an alcohol selected from the group consisting of 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and methanol, ethanol and isopropanol , And in such embodiments, components (i) and (ii) preferably do not form a separate azeotropic product.

The compositions of the present invention may be used in sprayable compositions, solvents, or aerosols. In certain non-limiting embodiments, such compositions can be used in a method for removing residual soil or surface contaminants from a component. Such a process may comprise immersing the component in the solvent composition of the present invention. In certain embodiments, it is preferred to provide the solvent composition of the present invention and then heat the composition to form a flammability-inhibiting blanket containing component (a) or (i) and substantially free of second component (b) Do. It is then desirable to dry the part in the flammable suppression blanket.

As used herein, the term flammability suppression blanket refers to a vapor space, including gases that do not have a flame limit, when measured according to ASTM E-681-09, incorporated herein by reference. do.

To assist in the formation of the vapor blanket, the second component may be selected from (1) the first component (a) and the third component (c) and / or any azeotropic or azeotropeable composition formed therebetween; And (2) in the case of the second embodiment, component (i), i.e. 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and / or 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and Has a boiling point at least 10 占 폚 higher than that of any azeotropic and / or azeotropic composition formed between the alcohol (especially methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol) if present, at least 25 占 폚 higher in certain embodiments, .

Additional embodiments and advantages of the invention will be apparent on the basis of the disclosure provided.

Figure 1 shows a partial schematic diagram of a deglying or defluxing device that may be used in one embodiment of the present invention.

According to a particular embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a preferred composition, in particular a solvent or cleaning composition, comprises (a) a first component consisting essentially of or consist of one or more alcohols, (b) a glycol ether, And / or a halogenated hydrocarbon (other than decahalopentane), and (c) a third component selected from the group consisting of hydrofluorocarbons, halogenated ethers and / or decahalopentanes, And the second component and the third component are not the same. In a particular embodiment, the second component (b) is a solvent having a boiling point greater than the boiling point of the first component (a) or the third component (c). In a further embodiment, the second component (b) does not form an azeotropic or azeotropic composition with either or both of the first component (a) and the third component (c) (or does not form an azeotropic or azeotropic composition Provided as an amount).

In a particular embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, the composition, in particular the solvent or cleaning composition, preferably comprises an azeotropic mixture of 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1233zd) A first component as an azeotropic composition, and a second component (b) as described herein in connection with the first aspect. In this embodiment, the second component (b) may be any of its cis or trans isomers or combinations thereof, or any azeotropic or azeotropic composition formed between HCFO-1233zd and the alcohol (s) as described herein Is a solvent having a boiling point greater than the boiling point of HCFO-1233zd contained in the composition. In a further embodiment, the second component (b) does not form an azeotropic or azeotropic composition with HCFO-1233zd and / or an alcohol (or provided in an amount that does not form an azeotropic or azeotropic composition).

The compositions of the present invention can provide undesirable debris from the substrate, such as removal of solder flux or other residues from printed circuit boards of metal or nonmetallic parts or oil, synthetic or semi-synthetic based oils or greases And is particularly advantageous as a solvent for removal. In particular, such compositions are advantageous for use in steam degreasing machines (especially multi-sump machines), as a cooling scrubber or as a spray, for example as an aerosol spray.

ingredient

The components (a) and (i)

The term "HCFO-1233zd" refers to the compound 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, whether or not in the cis or trans form. The terms "sheath HCFO-1233zd" and "trans HCFO-1233zd" are used to describe 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene in the cis and trans forms, respectively. Thus, the term "HCFO-1233zd" includes cis HFCO-1233zd, trans HCFO-1233zd, and all combinations and mixtures thereof within its scope.

The term "sheep HCFO-1233zd" means a relative amount of cisHCOFO-1233zd for all isomers of HCFO-1233zd of at least about 95%, more preferably at least about 98%, more preferably at least about 99% Quot; means at least about 99.9%. In certain preferred embodiments, the cis-HCFO-1233zd component is essentially pure cis-HCFO-1233zd.

The term "trans HCFO-1233zd" means that the relative amount of trans HCFO-1233zd for all isomers of HCFO-1233zd is at least about 95%, more preferably at least about 98%, more preferably at least about 99% Quot; means at least about 99.9%. In certain preferred embodiments, the trans HCFO-1233zd component is essentially pure trans HCFO-1233zd.

The alcohol may refer to any component having an alcohol group attached thereto. In certain non-limiting embodiments, the alcohol comprises a C ₁ -C ₃ alcohol, and in certain preferred embodiments, the alcohol comprises at least one of methanol, ethanol, or isopropanol.

Component (b)

As used herein, the term "glycol ether" refers to a solvent class of compounds based on alkyl ethers of alkylene glycols. In certain non-limiting embodiments, this can be represented by Formula I with the structure R'OR-OR ', wherein R is a C ₁ to C ₈ alkyl group, a C ₁ to C ₈ alkenyl group, a C ₁ to C ₈ alcohol A C ₁ to C ₁₀ ether group, a C ₅ to C ₇ cyclic alkyl group, a C ₅ to C ₇ cyclic alkenyl group, a C ₅ to C ₇ heterocyclic alkyl group, or a C ₅ to C ₇ heterocyclic alkenyl group , Any of which may be linear or branched (where applicable), and optionally substituted at one or more positions. Each R 'is H, C ₁ to C ₈ alkyl group, C ₁ to C ₈ alkenyl group, C ₁ to C ₈ alcohol group, or a C ₁ to C ₁₀ ether, C ₅ to C ₇ cyclic alkyl, C ₅ to C ₇ cyclic alkenyl group, a C ₅ to C ₇ heterocyclic group, and a C ₅ to C ₇ they are independently selected from heterocyclic alkenyl group, either of which is, if applicable, may be straight linear or branched , And optionally substituted at one or more positions. In certain embodiments, at least one R 'is not H.

In certain of the above embodiments, R is a C ₁ -C ₅ straight or branched chain alkyl moiety and forms an alkylene glycol of an alkyl ether. In certain embodiments, R is a C ₂ -C ₄ straight or branched chain alkyl moiety. In such additional embodiments, R is an ethyl moiety and forms an alkylene glycol of an ethylene ether having the structure R'-O- (CH ₂ ) ₂ -O-R '. Each R 'may be defined as indicated above. In certain embodiments, it includes at least one C ₁ to C ₈ alkyl group, C ₁ to C ₈ alkenyl group, C ₁ to C ₈ alcohol group, C ₁ to C ₁₀ ether, or C ₅ to C ₇ cyclic alkenyl group , Any of which may be linear or branched (where applicable), and optionally substituted at one or more positions. In a further embodiment, at least one R 'is H and the second R' is at least one C ₁ to C ₈ alkyl group, C ₁ to C ₈ alkenyl group, C ₁ to C ₈ alcohol group, C ₁ to C ₁₀ ether , or C ₅ to C _7, and comprises a cyclic alkenyl, any of which it may be optionally substituted in a position straight-chain or branched or may swaeil, or more than one. In certain preferred embodiments, the glycol ether is selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (also referred to as "butyl cellosolve"), 2-ethoxyethanol (also referred to as "ethyl cellosolve"), 2-methoxyethanol, , 2-phenoxyethanol, 2-benzoxyethanol, methylcarbitol, 2- (2-ethoxyethoxy) ethanol (also referred to as "carbitol cellosolve"), diethoxyethane, dimethoxyethane, dibutoxybutane , Dipropylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono n-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, and / or propylene glycol phenyl ether. do.

As used herein, the term "terpene" means a compound consisting of at least 10 carbon atoms and containing at least one, preferably at least two, isoprene moieties. In many preferred embodiments, the terpene compounds of the present invention are formed from the reaction of at least two isoprene C ₅ units (CH ₂ ═C (CH ₃ ) -CH═CH ₂ ) (each unit is substituted or unsubstituted) Accordingly, many of the terpene compounds of the present invention preferably have at least 10 carbon atoms and include at least one isoprene moiety. As used herein, the term "isoprene moiety" refers to a portion of a molecule comprising a radical which may be formed from substituted or unsubstituted isoprene. In certain preferred embodiments, unsubstituted terpenes are preferred.

In many preferred embodiments, the terpene compounds of the present invention comprise at least one head-to-tail condensation product of modified or unmodified isoprene molecules. This means that any one or more terpene compounds are suitable for use in accordance with the present invention and those skilled in the art can select the number and type of terpene compound (s) for any particular application without undue experimentation in view of the teachings contained herein . Preferred terpenes of the present invention are hydrocarbons having the molecular formula (C ₅ H ₈ ) _n in cyclic or bicyclic, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted structures, n is preferably about 2 to 6, 4. Terpene according to the present invention having the formula C ₁₀ H ₁₆ (including substituted forms) are often referred to as monoterpene (monoterpene) herein, terpenes having the formula C ₁₅ H ₂₄ (including substituted forms) are present It is often referred to in the specification as sesquiterpene. Terpenes according to the present invention having the formula C ₂₀ H ₃₂ (including the substituted form) are sometimes referred to herein as diterpenes and terpenes having the formula C ₃₀ H ₂₄ (including the substituted form) Often referred to in the specification as triterpene, and the like. Terpenes containing at least 30 carbons are generally formed in a regular pattern by the fusion of two terpene precursors. While such terpenes are all suitable for use in accordance with the present invention, the use of monoterpenes is generally preferred.

In certain preferred embodiments, the terpene compound (s) of the present compositions comprise, and preferably consist essentially of, one or more acyclic terpene compounds, preferably as a major portion. Among bicyclic terpenes, it is believed that these compounds may be in the class of the same compound as the head-to-tail linked isoprenoid, or in a class of compounds that are not bound in that way. Preferred bicyclic terpenes used according to certain embodiments of the present invention include myrcene (2-methyl-6-methyleneocta-l, 7-diene), allo- cymene, beta- cymene.

In certain embodiments, the terpene compounds of the present invention may comprise cyclic terpene compounds. Among cyclic terpenes, mono-, bi-, tri-, or tetracyclic compounds with various degrees of unsaturation are contemplated for use in accordance with the present invention. In certain preferred embodiments, terpenes are cyclic terpene compounds (also referred to as "d-limonene") having the formula 1-methyl-4-isopropenyl-1-cyclohexene having the structure:

In certain preferred embodiments, terpenes are cyclic terpene compounds comprising a pinene that may have the following chemical structure:

Examples of terpene compounds suitable for use in connection with the various aspects of the present invention include terebene, myrcene, limonene, retinal, pinene, menthol, geraniol, parnesol, pitol, terpinene, , Terpinolene, terpineol, linaleol, camphene, phellandrene, fenchene, and the like, and all isomers thereof, and mixtures thereof.

Other examples of terpene derivatives according to the present invention include oxygen-containing derivatives of terpenes such as alcohols, aldehydes or ketones containing hydroxyl or carbonyl groups, and hydrogenated derivatives. Oxygen containing derivatives of terpenes are often referred to herein as terpenoids. In certain embodiments, the diene-based compounds of the compounds of the present invention comprise terpenoid Carnosic acid. Carnosic acid is a phenolic diterpene corresponding to the empirical formula C ₂₀ H ₂₈ O ₄ . It occurs naturally in plants of the Libiatae family. For example, carnosine is a constituent of Salvia officinalis (sage) and Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) which are mainly found in leaves. In addition, the carnosic acid may be obtained from a variety of sources including, but not limited to, time and marzam (Linde in Salvia officinalis [Helv. Chim Acta 47, 1234 (1962)] and Wenkert et al. Rosmarinus officinalis [J. Org. Chem. 30, 2931 And various other species of sage (see Salvia canariensis [Savona and Bruno, J. Nat. Prod. 46, 594 (1983)] and Salvia willeana [de la Torre et al., Phytochemistry 29, 668 do. It is also present in Salvia triloba and Salvia sclarea. Other potential terpenoids are exemplified below.

As used herein, the term "halogenated hydrocarbon" refers to a hydrocarbon chain or ring wherein at least one position is replaced by a halogen atom. The hydrocarbon chain is selected from the group consisting of a C ₁ to C ₂₀ alkyl group, a C ₁ to C ₂₀ alkenyl group, a C ₁ to C ₂₀ alcohol group, a C ₁ to C ₂₀ ether, a C ₅ to C ₇ cyclic alkenyl group, a C ₅ to C ₇ heterocycle Or C ₅ to C ₇ heterocyclic alkenyl groups, any of which may be linear or branched (where applicable) and / or may be optionally substituted at one or more positions. In certain embodiments, it includes a C ₁ to C ₈ alkyl group, a C ₁ to C ₈ alkenyl group, a C ₁ to C ₈ alcohol group, a C ₁ to C ₁₀ ether, or a C ₅ to C ₇ cyclic alkenyl group, (Where applicable) may be linear or branched and / or may be optionally substituted at one or more positions. In any of the embodiments described above, the hydrocarbon is preferably substituted with at least one halogen selected from F, Cl, Br, or I.

In certain embodiments, the halogenated hydrocarbon is a C ₁ to C ₅ alkyl group or a C ₁ to C ₅ alkenyl group. In another embodiment, it is a C ₂ alkenyl group containing at least one chlorine atom. Non-limiting examples of such solvents include trans 1,2-dichloroethylene, perchlorethylene, trichlorethylene, and combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the halogenated hydrocarbon used as the second component does not include decahalopentane, especially decafluoropentane.

Component (c)

The description for halogenated hydrocarbons is equally applicable to the hydrofluoroolefins of component (c), provided that at least one F substituent is present in the compound.

As used herein, a hydrohalo ether refers to a class of solvents having the structure RO-R '. R and R 'are C ₁ to C ₂₀ alkyl group, C ₁ to C ₂₀ alkenyl groups, C ₁ to C ₂₀ alcohol group, C ₁ to C ₂₀ ether, C ₅ to C ₇ cyclic alkyl group, C ₅ to C ₇ A C ₅ to C ₇ heterocyclic alkyl group, or a C ₅ to C ₇ heterocyclic alkenyl group, any of which (if applicable) may be linear or branched Chain, and at least one group may be substituted with halogen atoms at one or more positions.

In certain preferred embodiments, the hydrohaloethers are hydrofluoroethers, which may comprise monomers or polymerized structures as described above wherein at least one R or R 'substituent is replaced by a fluorine atom. In certain non-limiting embodiments, the hydrofluoroether comprises at least one nonafluoroalkyl ether wherein the alkyl may contain 1-10 carbon atoms. In certain non-limiting embodiments, the nonafluoroalkyl ether comprises nonafluorobutyl ether and / or nonafluoroisobutyl ether and is commercially available under the tradename NOVEC®, particularly NOVEC® 7200 (available from 3M , ≪ / RTI > but are not limited thereto. In certain non-limiting embodiments, the hydrohaloether may have or comprise the structure CH3OCF2CF2CF2CF3, (CF3) 2CFCF2OCH3, CH3OCF2CF2CF3, or trans 1,2-dichloroethylene and any combination thereof.

As used herein, "decahalopentane" means a 5-carbon alkyl chain substituted with 10 halogen atoms, which may be selected from F, Cl, Br, In certain preferred embodiments, decahalopentane is decafluoropentane. Non-limiting examples of such compounds include 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane, 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5 , 5-decafluoropentane, and / or 1,1,1,2,3,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane. In certain embodiments, decahalopentane or decafluoropentane comprises at least one such compound commercially available under the trade name VERTREL® (available from DuPont) and includes VERTREL SFR and / or VERTREL XF, It is not limited.

Ingredient content

Based on the teachings and examples included herein, one of ordinary skill in the art, regardless of the first or second aspects of the present invention, may select various relative amounts of the components of the compositions of the present invention Applicant believes that there will be. However, Applicants believe that the relative amounts of the various ingredients as described below are desirable in many applications.

The alcohol (s) provided as the first component (a) or provided as part of component (i) is preferably present in a total amount of from greater than about 0% to about 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition do. In certain embodiments, the alcohol (s) is provided in an amount from about 0.01% to about 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. In certain preferred embodiments, the alcohol (s) is provided in an amount of about 1% to about 5% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

When used as the second component (b), the second component (b) comprising in particular the glycol ether is preferably provided in an amount of from more than about 0% by weight to about 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. In certain preferred embodiments, a second component, particularly comprising a glycol ether, is provided in an amount of from about 0.01% to about 25% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. In certain preferred embodiments, a second component comprising, in particular, a glycol ether, is provided in an amount of from about 1% to about 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, depending on the third component used.

In a second embodiment of the invention comprising component (i), the glycol ether, when present, preferably comprises from about 0.01% to about 30%, more preferably from about 0.05% to about 30% To about 10% by weight, more preferably from about 1% to about 5% by weight. In such embodiments, component (i) preferably comprises from about 70% to about 99.99% by weight, more preferably from about 90% to about 99.95% by weight, more preferably from about 95% to about 99% % ≪ / RTI > by weight.

When the second component (b) comprises terpenes, it is preferably provided in an amount of greater than about 0 wt% to about 30 wt%, based on the total weight of the composition. In certain preferred embodiments, terpenes are provided in an amount from about 0.01% to about 25% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. In certain preferred embodiments, terpenes are provided in an amount of from about 1% to about 20% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

In a second embodiment of the invention comprising component (i), the terpene (s), if present, preferably comprise from about 0.01% to about 30% by weight, more preferably from about 0.05% To about 10 wt%, more preferably from about 1 wt% to about 5 wt%. In this embodiment, component (i) is preferably present in an amount of from about 70% to about 99.99% by weight, more preferably from about 90% to about 99.95% by weight, more preferably from about 95% About 99% by weight.

When the second component (b) comprises a halogenated hydrocarbon, it may comprise from greater than about 0% to about 50%, from about 0.01% to about 40%, or from about 1% to about 40% May be provided in an amount of 30% by weight.

In a second embodiment of the invention comprising component (i), the halogenated hydrocarbon, when present, preferably comprises from about 0.01% to about 95% by weight, more preferably from about 0.01% to about , And more preferably from about 1 wt% to about 50 wt%, and in certain embodiments, from about 1 wt% to about 30 wt%, based on the total weight of the composition. In this embodiment, component (i) is preferably present in an amount of from about 5% to about 99.99% by weight, more preferably from about 20% to about 99.99% by weight, more preferably from about 50% About 99% by weight.

When the second component (b) is trans 1,2-dichloroethylene, it preferably comprises from about 1% to about 99% by weight, from greater than about 5% to about 50% by weight, from about 6% % To about 30% by weight, and in certain embodiments in an amount of about 6% to about 20% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. In certain preferred embodiments, the trans 1,2-dichloroethylene is provided in an amount of from about 6% to about 35% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

In a second embodiment of the invention comprising component (i), trans 1,2-dichloroethylene, if present, preferably comprises from about 5% to about 95% by weight, more preferably about 5% Is provided in an amount of from about 6% to about 95% by weight, more preferably from about 6% to about 80% by weight, and more preferably in an amount from about 6% to about 50% In embodiments from about 6% to about 25% by weight. In this embodiment, component (i) is preferably present in an amount of from about 5% to about 95%, more preferably from about 5% to about 94%, more preferably from about 20% In an amount of about 94% by weight, and in certain embodiments in an amount of about 50% to about 94% by weight.

In a particular embodiment, such third component (c) is provided in an amount of greater than about 0.01 weight percent to about 99 weight percent, based on the total weight of the composition. In a particular embodiment, the third component is provided in an amount of from about 25% to about 99% by weight based on the total weight of the composition, or, in a particular embodiment, in an amount of from about 20% to about 99% by weight. In certain preferred embodiments, the third component is provided in an amount from about 50% to about 99% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. In certain preferred embodiments, the third component is provided in an amount from greater than about 70 weight percent to about 99 weight percent based on the total weight of the composition, or the third component is provided in an amount from about 75 weight percent to about 99 weight percent . In a further embodiment, the third component is provided in an amount of from about 90% to about 99% by weight based on the total weight of the composition, and in a particular embodiment, the third component is present in an amount from about 92% to about 96% / RTI >

Azeotropic and azeotropic composition

In certain embodiments, the first component (a) and the third component (c) form an azeotropic composition, or the first component (i) comprises an azeotropic or azeotropic composition. As used herein, the term "azeotropic" refers to a composition that is strictly azeotropic or that behaves like an azeotropic mixture in general. An azeotropic mixture is a system of two or more components with the same liquid composition and vapor composition at the prescribed pressure and temperature. Indeed, the components of the azeotrope are constant-boiling, or essentially boiling points, which generally means that they can not be thermodynamically separated during the phase change. The vapor composition formed by the boiling or evaporation of the azeotrope is the same or substantially the same as the original liquid composition. Thus, the concentration of components in the liquid and vapor phase of the azeotropic composition is minimized only when the composition boils or evaporates. In contrast, boiling or evaporation of the non-azeotropic mixture alters the component concentration in the liquid phase to a significant degree.

As used herein, for components of an azeotropic composition, the term "essentially consisting of" means that the composition contains an ingredient designated as an azeotropic ratio, or an additive component is added to the azeotropic composition, ≪ / RTI > For example, an azeotropic mixture consisting essentially of two compounds may optionally contain one or more additional components, as long as the additional component does not confer non-azeotropic properties to the mixture and does not form an azeotropic with either or both of the compounds. Which form a binary azeotrope that can be included.

The term "effective amount" as used herein to refer to an azeotropic composition refers to the amount of each component that, when combined with other components, causes the formation of the azeotropic or azeotrope composition of the present invention.

As used herein, the term "ambient pressure" associated with boiling point data refers to ambient pressure surrounding the relevant media. Typically, the ambient pressure is 14.7 psia, but can vary to +/- 0.5 psi.

The azeotropic compositions of the present invention can be prepared by combining an effective amount of HFO-1233zd with one or more alcohols, preferably in liquid form. Any of a variety of methods known in the art that bind two or more components to form a composition may be suitable for use in the methods of the present invention. For example, HFO-1233zd and alcohol can be mixed, blended, or combined manually and / or by machine, batch, or as part of a continuous reaction and / or process, or through a combination of two or more such steps . In view of the disclosure herein, one of ordinary skill in the art will readily prepare an azeotropic composition according to the present invention without undue experimentation.

In a preferred embodiment, the azeotropic composition comprises an effective amount of HFO-1233zd and a C1-C3 alcohol. Preferably, the C1-C3 alcohol is selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol. Non-limiting examples of such azeotropes are provided in U.S. Patent No. 8,163,196, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. In certain preferred embodiments, HFO-1233zd is a trans isomer.

In certain embodiments, the azeotropic composition comprises an effective amount of trans HFO-1233zd and methanol. This bi-azeotropic composition comprises about 70 to about 99.95 wt% trans HFO-1233zd and about 0.05 to about 30 wt% methanol, more preferably about 90 to about 99.95 wt% trans HFO-1233zd, and about 0.05 to about 10 wt.% Methanol, more preferably about 95 to about 99.95 wt.% Trans HFO-1233zd, and about 0.05 to about 5 wt.% Methanol. In certain embodiments, such a trans HFO-1233zd / methanol composition has a viscosity of from about 17 째 C to about 19 째 C, more preferably from about 17 째 C to about 18 째 C, more preferably from about 17 째 C to about 17.5 째 C , Most preferably about 17.15 DEG C +/- 1 DEG C.

In certain embodiments, the azeotropic composition comprises an effective amount of cis HFO-1233zd and methanol. This binary azeotropic composition comprises about 78 to about 99.9 wt.% Cis HFO-1233zd and about 0.1 to about 22 wt.% Methanol, more preferably about 85 to about 99.9 wt.% Cis HFO-1233zd, 15 wt.% Methanol, more preferably about 88 to about 99.5 wt.% Cis HFO-1233zd, and about 0.5 to about 12 wt.% Methanol. In certain embodiments, such a cis HFO-1233zd / methanol composition has a boiling point of about 35.2 DEG C +/- 1 DEG C at ambient pressure.

In another embodiment, the azeotropic composition comprises an effective amount of trans HFO-1233zd and ethanol. Such a bi-azeotropic composition comprises about 85 to about 99.9 wt% trans HFO-1233zd and about 0.1 to about 15 wt% ethanol, more preferably about 92 to about 99.9 wt% trans HFO-1233zd, and about 0.1 to about 8 wt% ethanol, more preferably about 96 to about 99.9 wt% trans HFO-1233zd, and about 0.1 to about 4 wt% ethanol. In certain embodiments, such a trans HFO-1233zd / ethanol composition has a normal boiling point of about 18.1 DEG C +/- 1 DEG C at ambient pressure.

In another embodiment, the azeotropic composition comprises an effective amount of cis HFO-1233zd and ethanol. Such a bi-azo composition comprises about 65 to about 99.9 wt.% Cis HFO-1233zd and about 0.1 to about 35 wt.% Ethanol, more preferably about 79 to about 99.9 wt.% Cis HFO-1233zd, 21 wt% ethanol, more preferably about 88 to about 99.5 wt% cis HFO-1233zd, and about 0.5 to about 12 wt% ethanol. In certain embodiments, such cis HFO-1233zd / ethanol compositions have a normal boiling point of about 37.4 DEG C +/- 1 DEG C at ambient pressure.

In another embodiment, the azeotropic composition comprises an effective amount of trans HFO-1233zd and isopropanol. This bimetallic composition comprises about 90 to about 99.9 wt% trans HFO-1233zd and about 0.1 to about 10 wt% isopropanol, more preferably about 94 to about 99.9 wt% trans HFO-1233zd, and about 0.1 to about 6 wt% isopropanol, more preferably about 95 to about 99.9 wt% trans HFO-1233zd, and about 0.1 to about 5 wt% isopropanol. In certain embodiments, such trans HFO-1233zd / isopropanol compositions have a standard boiling point at ambient pressure of about 17.9 ° C ± 1 ° C.

In another embodiment, the azeotropic composition comprises an effective amount of cis HFO-1233zd and isopropanol. This binary azeotropic composition comprises about 85 to about 99.9 wt.% Cis HFO-1233zd and about 0.1 to about 15 wt.% Isopropanol, more preferably about 90 to about 99.9 wt.% Cis HFO-1233zd, 10% by weight isopropanol. In certain embodiments, such cis HFO-1233zd / isopropanol compositions have boiling points at ambient pressure of about 38.4 DEG C +/- 1 DEG C, more preferably 38.4 DEG C +/- 0.1 DEG C. [

Other information

In any of the embodiments described above, the second component (b) is preferred for forming the composition of the present invention. In certain preferred non-limiting embodiments, the second component is a solvent, particularly a solvent that can act according to the methods and advantages discussed herein. In certain non-limiting embodiments, the solvent may at least partially solubilize the solder flux and other residues associated with the printed circuit board fabrication or remove residues (e.g., oil and grease) from the metal or non-metal substrate . In another embodiment, the second component is a high boiling solvent compound.

As used herein, the term "high boiling point solvent" refers to a mixture of at least a first component and a third component and / or one or more of these components discussed above in connection with the first aspect, Any azeotrope or azeotrope formed with any azeotropic or azeotropic composition formed from HCFO-1233zd (cis or trans), and / or HCFO-1233zd and the alcohol present (especially methanol, ethanol, and / or isopropanol) Refers to a solvent compound having a boiling point greater than the boiling point of the composition. In certain preferred embodiments, a "high boiling" compound has a boiling point of at least a first and a third component and / or any azeotropic or azeotrope composition formed therefrom in connection with the first aspect or with respect to the second aspect, Is at least 10 DEG C greater than the boiling point of any azeotropic or azeotrope composition formed with HCFO-1233zd (cis or trans isomer) and / or HCFO-1233zd and an alcohol (especially methanol, ethanol, and / or isopropanol) Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 25 C, < / RTI > and in certain preferred embodiments at least 50 C or greater.

Many additional compounds or components, including surfactants, lubricants, stabilizers, metal passivators, corrosion inhibitors, flammability inhibitors, and other compounds and / or components that modify certain properties of the composition (e.g., cost or flammability) May be included in the composition of the present invention. To this end, the presence of all such compounds and components is within the broad scope of the present invention. Such component (s) are preferably provided in any effective amount to achieve the advantages, methods, or uses discussed herein. In certain non-limiting embodiments, the second component (b), if present, is a non-azeotrope of either the first component (a) or the third component (c) present in the composition, In the form of non-azeotropic water.

Applicants have surprisingly and unexpectedly found that the preferred compositions of the present invention exhibit particularly desirable properties in a number of applications and are particularly applicable as solvents in a number of cleaning and other applications for cleaning solder fluxes, And the like. In particular, Applicants have found that these compositions have a global warming index ("GWP") of less than about 1000, preferably less than about 500, more preferably less than about 150, and more preferably less than 10 Of the respondents.

In certain embodiments, the present invention includes an injectable composition comprising the composition described herein, an active ingredient, and optionally inert materials and / or solvents and / or aerosol propellants. In a preferred embodiment, the compositions of the present invention may be used alone or as a solvent in an injectable composition in combination with other known propellants. Solvent compositions comprise, more preferably consist essentially of, and more preferably consist of, the compositions of the present invention. In certain embodiments, the sprayable composition is an aerosol.

Suitable active substances to be sprayed include, but are not limited to, cosmetics such as deodorants, fragrances, hair sprays, cleaning solvents, lubricants, pesticides, and medicinal materials such as anti-asthmatic drugs. The term medicinal substance is used herein in its broadest sense to include any and all materials that are considered effective, or at least effective, in connection with treatment, diagnosis, pain relief, and similar treatment, including, for example, Active material.

In certain preferred embodiments of the present invention, the compositions described herein may be applied to a variety of substrates, such as mineral oil, rosin flux, silicone oil, lubricants, etc., from various substrates by wiping, steam digging, Lt; / RTI > In another embodiment, the compositions of the present invention are used in a vapor degreaser machine to remove solder fluxes and other residues from the printed circuit board and / or oil or grease-based residues from metal or non-metallic surfaces, . Figure 1 provides a partial schematic view of one form of apparatus that can be used in such a process. Therein, the vessel 5 is divided into three sumps 10, 20, 30, and at least initially, the composition described herein is provided for every sump. Each sump is separated by sump walls 35A and 35B of different sizes. As shown, walls 35A and 35B are configured to allow fluid flowing from sump 30 to flow to sump 20 and fluid that overflows from sump 20 to flow to sump 10, To form three sumps of size. At least the sump 10 further comprises a heater component 40.

First, each sump 10, 20, and 30 includes each component in the same proportions as the composition described herein. However, over time, the heater 40 in the sump 10 exceeds the boiling point of the first component and the third component in the case of the first embodiment or exceeds the boiling point of the component (i) in the case of the second embodiment, The composition is heated to a temperature below the boiling point of the two components. This causes the first and third components (individually or as an azeotropic composition) or, in the case of the second embodiment, component (i) to boil in the sump 10. This vapor eventually condenses in the coil 50 and returns to at least one of the sumps. In certain embodiments, the coil may comprise a group of upper and lower coils 50A and 50B. The sump 30 continues in a stepped fashion over the sump 20, and finally over the sump 10. [ Thus, the concentration in the sump is such that the sump 20, 30 contains more of the component (i) in the case of the first embodiment and in the case of the third component or the second embodiment, ≪ / RTI >

In such an embodiment, the sump 10 may be formed by immersing the bulk of the soil and organic detergent in the liquid composition of the present invention by immersion and / or by placing it in the injection stream 18 of the composition of the present invention, , A printed circuit board coated with rosin-based flux or other residues, or a metallic or non-metallic component coated with petroleum, synthetic or semi-synthetic oil or grease), whereby the contaminated liquid is sump 10). The substrate is then rinsed in sumps 20 and 30 to clean the part and remove unwanted debris. The part may be dried and / or held using one of the sump, in particular the sump 20 or 30, or using evaporation in a known manner.

The part or substrate to be cleaned can be conveyed to the sump 10 and between the sumps 10, 20, and 30 using known conveyor or hoist means. The tank may be part of a conventional or known inline conveyor degreasing / defluxing equipment, a separate open-top defluxing tank, or an open-top defluxing tank modified to include a rinse or rinse tank or sump.

In certain preferred embodiments of the present invention, the component is a first component and a third component (either alone or as an azeotropic composition) or in a second aspect of the second aspect in a first embodiment that is boiled off from the sump 10 under a steam blanket (At least partially) from a portion of component (i). In certain embodiments, the vapor zone is free or substantially free of the second component. As used herein, when referring to the content of a second component in a vapor zone, "substantially free" means that the amount of the second component present is such that the vapor composition is non-flammable or substantially flammable Or more preferably means that the increase in flammability in the vapor zone can not be readily measured relative to flammability in the vapor zone if the second component is not present.

This vapor blanket is advantageous because it reduces or mitigates the flammability of the third component and / or minimizes the possibility of explosion. However, in certain embodiments, it may also include one or more additional inactive materials. Such materials may include, but are not limited to, one or more of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, perfluorocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons, or hydrochlorocarbons.

As described, a vapor zone 45 is formed on each sump 10, 20, and 30. A selective cooling coil 50 of the type known in the art (e.g., as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,261,111, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety) is a sump 10, 20, and 30, (45) that condenses the steam for recovery of the condensate to the sump (10 or 30), most preferably the sump (30). Within the vapor zone 45, the concentration of the first and third components (either alone or as an azeotropic composition), or in the second embodiment, the concentration of component (i) And / or by pumping fluid from the sump 10 to the sump 20 and / or 30 through control by a volume or level sensing transducer (not shown) It can be maintained at a constant concentration.

The invention is not limited to the three sump arrangements described above and as shown in Fig. Rather, two sump arrangements and four sump arrangements are also contemplated. For this reason, any number of sumps can be used in accordance with the teachings, objectives and advantages of the present disclosure.

The vessel 5 of FIG. 1 is shown in an open-toped configuration of a diplexer or degrigger. The container 5, however, in its schematic form, has an inline-type degraser or diplexer (not shown) which can be used to sequentially convey the part from the sump 10 to the sump 20 and 30 It should be understood that this may be a feature.

Additional features and advantages will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on the disclosure provided herein. The following examples are provided to illustrate certain embodiments of the invention. They do not necessarily limit the present invention. For this reason, modifications of this embodiment will be apparent to those skilled in the art based at least on the provided disclosure.

Example  - the first mode

Example 1

3% by weight of one methanol, 92-96% by weight of decafluoropentane (commercially available as Vertrel®), and 2-ethoxyethanol, 2-methoxyethanol, 2-propoxyethanol, 1 to 5% by weight of a glycol ether selected from methanol, ethanol, 2-benzoxyethanol, methylcarbitol, carbitol cellosolve, diethoxyethane, dimethoxyethane, and dibutoxybutane. Printed circuit boards are soldered with a number of commercial solder core wires, such as Kester 44, Alpha reliacore 15, Alpha Energized Plus, then cleaned in a boiling solvent for 10 minutes, removed and dried. This cleaned substrate was found to be clean.

Example 2

3% by weight of one methanol, 92-96% by weight of hydrofluoroether (HFE) (commercially available as Novec 7200) and 2-ethoxyethanol, 2-methoxyethanol, 2-propoxyethanol 1 to 5% by weight of a glycol ether selected from 2-phenoxyethanol, 2-benzoxyethanol, methylcarbitol, carbitol cellosolve, diethoxyethane, dimethoxyethane and dibutoxybutane. do. Printed circuit boards are soldered with a number of commercial solder core wires, for example Kester 44, Alpha reliacore 15, Alpha Energized Plus, then cleaned in boiling solvent for 10 minutes, removed and dried. This cleaned substrate was found to be clean.

Example 3

A mixture comprising 3% by weight of methanol and 97% by weight of decafluoropentane (commercially available as VERTREL® SFR) was prepared. The mixture was then combined with the glycol ether 2-butoxyethanol so that the mixture was provided at 80% and the glycol ether 2-butoxyethanol was provided at 20%. The printed circuit board was soldered with solder paste Alpha OM-338PT, then rinsed in boiling solvent for 10 minutes, removed and dried. The substrate was found to be clean.

Example 4

A mixture comprising 3% by weight of methanol and 97% by weight of hydrofluoroether (HFE) (commercially available as Novec® 7200DA) was prepared. The mixture was then combined with the glycol ether 2-butoxyethanol so that the mixture was provided at 80% and the glycol ether 2-butoxyethanol was provided at 20%. The printed circuit board was soldered with solder paste Alpha OM-338PT, then rinsed in boiling solvent for 10 minutes, removed and dried. The substrate was found to be clean.

Example  - The second mode

Example 1

A mixture comprising 3% by weight of methanol, 6-25% by weight of trans 1,2-dichloroethylene, and 72-92% by weight of trans 1233zd was prepared. Printed circuit boards were soldered with a number of commercial solder core wires, for example Kester 44, Alpha reliacore 15, Alpha Energized Plus, then washed in boiling solvent for 10 minutes, removed and dried. The cleanliness of the cleaned substrate was visually observed. The substrate was found to be clean.

Example 2

A mixture comprising 3% by weight of methanol, 1-5% by weight of butyl cellosolve, and 92-96% by weight of trans 1233zd was prepared. Printed circuit boards were soldered with a number of commercial solder core wires, for example Kester 44, Alpha reliacore 15, Alpha Energized Plus, then washed in boiling solvent for 10 minutes, removed and dried. The cleanliness of the cleaned substrate was visually observed. The substrate was found to be clean.

Example 3

A mixture comprising 3% by weight of methanol, 1-5% by weight of d-limonene, and 92-96% by weight of trans 1233zd was prepared. Printed circuit boards were soldered with a number of commercial solder core wires, for example Kester 44, Alpha reliacore 15, Alpha Energized Plus, then washed in boiling solvent for 10 minutes, removed and dried. The cleanliness of the cleaned substrate was visually observed. The substrate was found to be clean.

Example 4

A mixture comprising 3% by weight of methanol, 6-25% by weight of trans 1,2-dichloroethylene, and 72-92% by weight of trans 1233zd was prepared. Printed circuit boards were soldered with a number of commercial solder fluxes, such as Kester 1544, Kester 197, Kester 186, and Hygrade 209, then washed in boiling solvent for 10 minutes, removed, and dried. The cleanliness of the cleaned substrate was visually observed. The substrate was found to be clean.

Example 5

A mixture comprising 3% by weight of methanol, 70-90% by weight of trans 1,2-dichloroethylene, and 10-30% by weight of trans 1233zd was prepared. Printed circuit boards were soldered with a number of commercial solder fluxes, such as Kester 1544, Kester 197, Kester 186, and Hygrade 209, then washed in boiling solvent for 10 minutes, removed, and dried. Then, the cleanliness of the cleaned substrate was visually observed. The substrate was found to be clean.

Example 6

A mixture comprising 3% by weight of methanol, 1-5% by weight of butyl cellosolve, and 92-96% by weight of trans 1233zd was prepared. Printed circuit boards were soldered with a number of commercial solder fluxes, such as Kester 1544, Kester 197, Kester 186, and Hygrade 209, then washed in boiling solvent for 10 minutes, removed, and dried. The cleanliness of the cleaned substrate was visually observed. The substrate was found to be clean.

Example 7

A mixture comprising 3% by weight of methanol, 1-5% by weight of d-limonene, and 92-96% by weight of trans 1233zd was prepared. Printed circuit boards were soldered with a number of commercial solder fluxes, such as Kester 1544, Kester 197, Kester 186, and Hygrade 209, then washed in boiling solvent for 10 minutes, removed, and dried. The cleanliness of the cleaned substrate was visually observed. The substrate was found to be clean.

Example 8

A mixture comprising 3% by weight of methanol, 5-25% by weight of trans 1,2-dichloroethylene, and 72-92% by weight of trans 1233zd was prepared. Printed circuit boards were soldered with a number of commercial solder pastes, such as Indium SMQ51AC, Alpha 390, and Indium NC-SMQ92J. In this case, a solder paste was applied on a substrate using a squeegee through a stencil, and then heated to 450 F on a hot air knife. This was then rinsed in boiling solvent for 10 minutes, removed and dried. The cleanliness of the cleaned substrate was visually observed. The substrate was found to be clean.

Example 9

For each of the following compositions, an aerosol valve is crimped to the place and HFC-134a is added through the valve to achieve a pressure within the can of about 20 PSIG. Solder the printed circuit board with Kester 1544 flux, Kester 44, Alpha Reliacore 15 and Alpha Energized Plus solder core wire. The mixture is then sprayed onto the surface to show whether the mixture is useful as an aerosol. Optionally, the aerosol has a different co-aerosol agent or no co-aerosol agent and is optionally selected from the group consisting of deodorants, fragrances, hair sprays, cleaning solvents, lubricants, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals At least one active ingredient.

Solvent composition

Trans 1233zd / methanol / trans 1,2-dichloroethylene 47/3/50

Trans 1233zd / methanol / butyl cellosolve 92/3/5

Trans 1233zd / methanol / d-limonene 92/3/5

Example 10

3% by weight of one of methanol, ethanol or isopropanol, 92-96% by weight of trans 1233zd, and 2-ethoxyethanol, 2-methoxyethanol, 2-propoxyethanol, 2-phenoxyethanol, 1 to 5% by weight of a glycol ether selected from methyl carbitol, carbitol cellosolve, diethoxyethane, dimethoxyethane, and dibutoxybutane. Printed circuit boards are soldered with a number of commercial solder core wires, for example Kester 44, Alpha reliacore 15, Alpha Energized Plus, then cleaned in boiling solvent for 10 minutes, removed and dried. This cleaned substrate was found to be clean.

Example 11

6-25% by weight of trans 1,2-dichloroethylene and 75-94% by weight of trans 1233zd. Printed circuit boards are soldered with a number of commercial solder core wires, for example Kester 44, Alpha reliacore 15, Alpha Energized Plus, then cleaned in boiling solvent for 10 minutes, removed and dried. This cleaned substrate was found to be clean.

Example 12

1 to 5% by weight of butyl cellosolve and 95 to 99% by weight of trans 1233zd. Printed circuit boards are soldered with a number of commercial solder core wires, for example Kester 44, Alpha reliacore 15, Alpha Energized Plus, then cleaned in boiling solvent for 10 minutes, removed and dried. This cleaned substrate was found to be clean.

Example 13

1 to 5% by weight of d-limonene and 95 to 99% by weight of trans 1233zd. Printed circuit boards are soldered with a number of commercial solder core wires, for example Kester 44, Alpha reliacore 15, Alpha Energized Plus, then cleaned in boiling solvent for 10 minutes, removed and dried. This cleaned substrate was found to be clean.

Example 14

A mixture comprising 3% by weight of methanol, 1 - 5% by weight of pinene, and 92-96% by weight of trans 1233zd is prepared. Printed circuit boards are soldered with a number of commercial solder core wires, for example Kester 44, Alpha reliacore 15, Alpha Energized Plus, then cleaned in boiling solvent for 10 minutes, removed and dried. This cleaned substrate was found to be clean.

Example 15

A mixture comprising 1-5% by weight of pinene and 95-99% by weight of trans 1233zd is prepared. Printed circuit boards are soldered with a number of commercial solder core wires, for example Kester 44, Alpha reliacore 15, Alpha Energized Plus, then cleaned in boiling solvent for 10 minutes, removed and dried. This cleaned substrate was found to be clean.

Example 16

A mixture of 95-99% by weight of trans 1233zd, and 2-ethoxyethanol, 2-methoxyethanol, 2-propoxyethanol, 2-phenoxyethanol, 2-benzoxyethanol, methylcarbitol, carbitol cellosolve, Ethane, dimethoxyethane, and dibutoxybutane. ≪ / RTI > Printed circuit boards are soldered with a number of commercial solder core wires, for example Kester 44, Alpha reliacore 15, Alpha Energized Plus, then cleaned in boiling solvent for 10 minutes, removed and dried. This cleaned substrate was found to be clean.

Example 17

For the following compositions, an aerosol valve was crimped onto the place and HFO-1234ze was added through the valve to achieve a pressure within the can of about 20 PSIG. The printed circuit board was soldered with Kester 1544 flux, Kester 44, Alpha Reliacore 15 and Alpha Energized Plus solder core wires. The mixture was then sprayed onto the surface to show whether the mixture was useful as an aerosol. Optionally, the aerosol has a different co-aerosol agent or no co-aerosol agent and is optionally selected from the group consisting of deodorants, perfumes, hair sprays, cleaning solvents, lubricants, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals At least one active ingredient.

While certain specific embodiments of the invention have been described, various changes, modifications, and improvements will readily occur to those skilled in the art. These changes, modifications, and improvements that are made apparent by this disclosure are not intended to be explicitly described herein but are intended to be a part of this disclosure and are intended to be within the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the foregoing description is presented by way of example only, and not limitation. The present invention is defined only as defined in the following claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

A method for removing residual soil or surface contaminants from a component,
A) a first component comprising (a) a first component comprising an alcohol selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol and isopropanol, (b) a second component selected from the group consisting of glycol ethers, terpenes, halogenated hydrocarbons, (c) immersing the component in a liquid solvent composition comprising a third component selected from the group consisting of hydrohaloether, decahalopentane, and combinations thereof;
B) vaporizing a portion of the liquid solvent composition such that a vapor space containing vaporized portions of components (a) and (c) and a flammability-suppression blank in the vapor space are present Forming an amount of component (b) that is sufficiently low; And
C) drying the part within a flammability-suppression blanket.
Removal method.
The method according to claim 1,
Component (c) has a boiling point at least 10 캜 higher than that of any azeotropic or azeotropic composition formed between components (a) and (b) or between components (a) and (b)
Removal method.
The method according to claim 1,
Component (c) has a boiling point at least 25 캜 higher than that of any azeotropic or azeotropic composition formed between components (a) and (b) or between components (a) and (b)
Removal method.
The method according to claim 1,
Component (c) has a boiling point at least 50 캜 higher than that of any azeotropic or azeotropic composition formed between components (a) and (b) or between components (a) and (c)
Removal method.
A method for removing residual soil or surface contaminants from a component,
A) a second component comprising (i) a first component comprising 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, (iii) a second component selected from the group consisting of glycol ethers, terpenes, halogenated hydrocarbons, Optionally, (iii) a third component selected from the group consisting of hydrohaloether, decahalopentane, and combinations thereof; and (iii) a third component selected from the group consisting of hydrohaloether, decahalopentane, and combinations thereof;
B) vaporizing a portion of the liquid solvent composition to vaporize a flammability-suppression blank in the vapor space comprising vaporized portions of component (i) and, if present, component (iii) Forming an amount of component (ii) that is low enough to be present; And
C) drying the part within a flammability-suppression blanket.
Removal method.
6. The method of claim 5,
Component (ii) has a boiling point at least 10 < 0 > C higher than the boiling point of component (i) and component (iii)
Removal method.
6. The method of claim 5,
Component (ii) has a boiling point at least 25 캜 higher than the boiling point of component (i) and, if present, component (iii)
Removal method.
6. The method of claim 5,
Component (ii) has a boiling point at least 50 < 0 > C higher than the boiling point of component (i) and, if present, component (iii)
Removal method.
(a) a first component comprising an alcohol selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol and isopropanol,
(b) a second component selected from the group consisting of glycol ethers, terpenes, halogenated hydrocarbons, and combinations thereof,
(c) a third component selected from the group consisting of hydrohaloether, decahalopentane, and combinations thereof,
Wherein the second component and the third component are not identical,
Solvent composition.
Materials to be injected as propellant and
A composition comprising a solvent comprising the composition of claim 1,
Sprayable composition.

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