KR20160133084A - Apparatus for observing direction and velocity of wind accurately using ultrasonic sensor and operating method thereof - Google Patents

Apparatus for observing direction and velocity of wind accurately using ultrasonic sensor and operating method thereof Download PDF

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KR20160133084A
KR20160133084A KR1020150065677A KR20150065677A KR20160133084A KR 20160133084 A KR20160133084 A KR 20160133084A KR 1020150065677 A KR1020150065677 A KR 1020150065677A KR 20150065677 A KR20150065677 A KR 20150065677A KR 20160133084 A KR20160133084 A KR 20160133084A
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ultrasonic
wind
unit
wind speed
signal processing
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KR1020150065677A
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Korean (ko)
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이선길
김경원
이우진
김유균
최재영
박연구
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주식회사 대양계기
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
    • G01P5/24—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave
    • G01P5/241—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave by using reflection of acoustical waves, i.e. Doppler-effect
    • G01P5/244—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave by using reflection of acoustical waves, i.e. Doppler-effect involving pulsed waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
    • G01P5/24—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave
    • G01P5/245—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave by measuring transit time of acoustical waves

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  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus for observing a wind direction in a wind direction using an ultrasonic sensor for measuring a wind direction and an wind speed through an ultrasonic wave using a principle that a receiving waveform of an ultrasonic wave is changed according to a wind speed, Supplies necessary power to the inside; Wherein a plurality of ultrasonic transducer parts are fixedly installed in pairs so that the ultrasonic transducer parts are opposed to each other; An input / output module for signal processing, an operation and correction module, a pulse generation (channel designation) module, and a reception delay time measurement module, and calculates the wind direction wind speed using the ultrasonic transmission / reception time of the ultrasonic transducer; An external input / output unit inputs and outputs data between the external device and the signal processing unit; The ultrasonic transmission unit generates an ultrasonic wave through the ultrasonic transducer unit according to the control of the signal processing unit and transmits the generated ultrasonic wave to the designated channel; The ultrasonic receiving unit receives the ultrasonic wave from the designated channel through the ultrasonic transducer unit and informs the signal processing unit of the ultrasonic wave; The signal processing unit obtains the reciprocal of the forward reception time by checking the forward reception time of the ultrasonic waves transmitted and received in the same direction as the wind direction and obtains the reciprocal of the reverse reception time by checking the reverse reception time of the ultrasonic waves transmitting and receiving in the direction opposite to the wind, Calculate the difference by subtracting the reciprocal of reciprocal times from the reciprocal of reciprocal times. Calculate the wind speed by multiplying the difference between the ultrasonic transducer distance by 2 and the difference.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for observing a wind direction in a wind direction using an ultrasonic sensor,

The present invention relates to an apparatus for observing a wind direction of an accurate wind direction using an ultrasonic sensor and a method of operating the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to an ultrasonic sensor for measuring a wind direction and a wind speed through an ultrasonic wave using a principle of deformation of a receiving wave of an ultrasonic wave, And a method of operating the apparatus.

The wind direction anemometer is used for a variety of purposes such as facility management such as weather observation and plant, wind power generation, and navigation management of a ship. However, the conventional wind direction anemometer is a windmill type (mechanical type) which measures the wind speed and direction by a rotating body or a wind direction and a direction board. Due to the short period of parts replacement caused by mechanical abrasion of the rotating body, There is a problem in that reliability is low, a difference in characteristics is caused by parts replacement, maintenance cost is high, and there are many restrictions on the use in marine environments and cryogenic environments due to the use of bearings. Therefore, there is an urgent need to study an electronic wind direction anemometer without a driving part.

In the case of such an anemometer, it is difficult to use it in a high wind speed environment of 70m / s required by the Korea Meteorological Administration, and it is very limited because it can not be applied to meteorological observation applications. Further, in the case of the conventional ultrasonic wind direction anemometer, the speed and direction of the wind are measured by using a probe installed opposite to the end of a plurality of ultrasonic transmission / reception tubes fixed to the upper end of the support.

A plurality of probes constituting the ultrasonic sensor are formed as a pair, and when two ultrasonic sensors generate sound waves, one ultrasonic sensor generates ultrasonic waves after receiving the ultrasonic waves propagated by the other ultrasonic sensor, First, the ultrasonic wave sensor generating the radio wave again detects the time difference of the medium, and measures the wind direction and the wind speed. When using such a method, many computation processes are required, such as the necessity of performing many electronic calculations basically, and correction of calculation results in order to minimize measurement errors.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0941289 (registered on February 21, 2010) describes an air speed anemometer using an ultrasonic sensor, and is an apparatus for measuring a weather condition such as wind speed and direction in the air by detecting a time difference of transmission of ultrasonic waves , support fixture; A potentiometer fixed to the support and measuring the wind direction; An upper case having an electronic circuit including a temperature / humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor, and a control means for calculating a wind speed, the upper case being rotatably installed on a support; A pair of ultrasonic transmission / reception units for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves at an upper portion of the upper case to measure wind velocity; A wind board fixed to the upper case to acquire a wind direction; And a data transmitting means and a power supplying means for transmitting the wind direction along the rotating direction of the wind board and the data acquired by the electronic circuit to the potentiometer. According to the disclosed technique, an ultrasonic transmission / reception tube having two ultrasonic sensors for emitting ultrasonic waves is used to detect a transmission time difference of an ultrasonic wave, and the two functions are separated using a potentiometer or the like used in a conventional weather vane , So that each individual function becomes clear and the production cost is made cheap.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1259634 (registered on Jun. 21, 2011) discloses a continuous wave type wind direction and wind speed measurement device and a measurement method capable of reducing power consumption. According to the disclosed technique, a transmission sensor that periodically transmits ultrasonic waves; A plurality of receiving sensors for receiving ultrasonic waves from the transmitting sensors; The compensated ultrasonic wave transmission time is calculated using the ultrasonic wave transmission time from the transmission sensor to at least one of the plurality of reception sensors and the phase difference between the ultrasonic waves received by at least four sensors among the plurality of reception sensors, And a calculation module for calculating the wind speed using the compensated ultrasonic wave propagation speed and the wind speed using the compensated ultrasonic wave propagation speed and the calculated wind direction.

The conventional ultrasonic wind direction anemometer as described above has a problem that it is difficult to precisely measure the reception time in the old wind because the reception waveform becomes smaller due to wind and it is difficult to accurately grasp the reception point.

Korean Patent No. 10-0941289 Korean Patent No. 10-1259634

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an ultrasonic sensor for measuring a wind direction and an air velocity through an ultrasonic wave using a principle that a receiving waveform of an ultrasonic wave is changed according to a wind speed, And a method of operating the apparatus.

To solve these problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power supply apparatus including: a power supply unit for supplying a power source required therein; A plurality of ultrasonic transducer parts having ultrasonic sensors fixed to each other in pairs; A signal processing unit having an input / output module, an operation and correction module, a pulse generation (channel designation) module, and a reception delay time measurement module, and calculating an anomaly direction wind speed using an ultrasonic transmission / reception time of the ultrasonic transducer; An external input / output unit for inputting / outputting data between the external device and the signal processing unit; An ultrasonic transmission unit for generating ultrasonic waves through the ultrasonic transducer unit according to a control of the signal processing unit and transmitting ultrasonic waves to a designated channel; And an ultrasonic receiver for receiving ultrasonic waves from the designated channel through the ultrasonic transducer and informing the signal processor of the ultrasonic waves; The signal processing unit obtains the reciprocal of the forward reception time by checking the forward reception time of the ultrasonic waves transmitted and received in the same direction as the wind direction and obtains the reciprocal of the reverse reception time by checking the reverse reception time of the ultrasonic waves transmitted and received in the direction opposite to the wind And calculating a difference value by subtracting the inverse number of the inverse reception time from the inverse number of the inverse reception time, and multiplying the difference between the distance between the ultrasonic wave transmission units by the difference to calculate a wind speed. A wind direction observation apparatus for wind direction using precision wind direction is provided.

In one embodiment, the signal processing unit measures the difference between ultrasonic transmission and reception time of the ultrasonic transducer unit on two axes, and measures wind direction and wind speed by vector calculation.

In one embodiment, the signal processing unit counts the time from the transmission time point to the X-axis direction reception time, counts the transmission / reception time in the opposite direction, and then uses X Axis wind speed, counts the time from the transmission time point to the reception time point in the Y-axis direction, counts the transmission / reception time in the opposite direction, and then counts the two- Axis direction wind speed and the Y-axis direction wind speed, and the wind direction and the wind speed are measured through vector calculation.

In one embodiment, the signal processing unit calculates the X-axis direction wind speed in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction wind speed in the Y-axis direction, and then calculates the Y-direction wind speed in the X- And calculating a root value of a sum of the squared value of the X-axis direction wind speed and the square value of the Y-axis direction wind speed to calculate the wind speed.

In one embodiment, the signal processing unit measures the wind speed using an overall length of a waveform over a predetermined level through an oscilloscope.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, Generating ultrasonic waves through ultrasound transducer units in which ultrasonic transmitters are installed in pairs and opposite to each other under the control of a signal processing unit and transmitting ultrasonic waves through a designated channel; Receiving ultrasonic waves from the designated channel through the ultrasonic transducer and informing the signal processor of the received ultrasound; And calculating the wind direction velocity using the ultrasonic transmission and reception time of the ultrasonic transducer unit, wherein the signal processing unit includes an input / output module, an operation and correction module, a pulse generation (channel designation) module, and a reception delay time measurement module; The step of calculating the wind direction velocity may include calculating a forward reception time reciprocal by checking the forward reception time of the ultrasonic waves transmitted and received in the same direction as the wind direction and checking the reverse reception time of the ultrasonic waves transmitting and receiving in the direction opposite to the wind, Calculating a difference by subtracting the inverse number of the inverse reception time from the inverse number of the inverse reception time and calculating a wind speed by multiplying a difference between the distance between the ultrasonic wave transmission units by the difference, The present invention also provides a method of operating a wind direction observation apparatus using an ultrasonic sensor.

According to the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for observing a wind direction in a wind direction using an ultrasonic sensor that uses a principle of deforming a receiving waveform of an ultrasonic wave according to a wind speed and measuring a wind direction and an wind speed through the ultrasonic wave as vectors, So that the receiving time can be accurately measured even in the case of the old wind, and the wind direction and the wind speed can be measured more precisely.

1 is a view for explaining a precision wind direction wind speed observation apparatus using an ultrasonic sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view for explaining the measurement of the transmission time difference between the ultrasonic transducer units shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the wind speed measurement in the signal processing unit shown in FIG. 1 as a first example.
Fig. 4 is a view for explaining the wind direction and the wind speed measurement in the signal processing unit shown in Fig. 1 as a second example.
FIG. 5 is a chart for explaining the ultrasonic transmission / reception time in the ultrasonic sensor shown in FIG. 4. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a view for explaining a reception waveform according to a wind speed through an oscilloscope in FIG.
7 is a view for explaining the power supply unit shown in Fig.
FIG. 8 is a view for explaining direct temperature compensation control for the ultrasonic transducer section in FIG. 1; FIG.
9 is a view for explaining the ultrasonic transducer, the heater and the temperature sensor shown in Fig.
FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining direct temperature compensation control for the ultrasonic transducer section in FIG. 1; FIG.
11 is a view for explaining indirect temperature compensation control for the ultrasonic transducer unit shown in Fig.
12 is a flowchart for explaining indirect temperature compensation control for the ultrasonic transducer unit shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. However, the description of the present invention is merely an example for structural or functional explanation, and the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited by the embodiments described in the text. That is, the embodiments are to be construed as being variously embodied and having various forms, so that the scope of the present invention should be understood to include equivalents capable of realizing technical ideas. Also, the purpose or effect of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, since it does not mean that a specific embodiment should include all or only such effect.

Meanwhile, the meaning of the terms described in the present invention should be understood as follows.

It is to be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element, but there may be other elements in between. On the other hand, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that there are no other elements in between. On the other hand, other expressions that describe the relationship between components, such as "between" and "between" or "neighboring to" and "directly adjacent to" should be interpreted as well.

It should be understood that the singular " include "or" have "are to be construed as including a stated feature, number, step, operation, component, It is to be understood that the combination is intended to specify that it does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

All terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, unless otherwise defined. Commonly used predefined terms should be interpreted to be consistent with the meanings in the context of the related art and can not be interpreted as having ideal or overly formal meaning unless explicitly defined in the present invention.

Now, an apparatus for observing a wind direction and direction of a wind direction using an ultrasonic sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention and an operation method thereof will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a precision wind direction wind speed observation apparatus using an ultrasonic sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a view for explaining measurement of a transmission time difference between the ultrasonic transducer units shown in FIG.

1 and 2, a precision wind direction wind speed observing apparatus 200 using an ultrasonic sensor includes a power supply unit 210, an external input / output unit 220, a signal processing unit 230, A plurality of ultrasonic transducer units 260, a plurality of heater units 270, a plurality of temperature sensor units 280, and a heater controller 290. The ultrasonic transducer unit 260 includes a transmitter 240, an ultrasonic receiver 250, Alternatively, when a heater is not used, the precision wind direction observation apparatus 200 using the ultrasonic sensor may include a power supply unit 210, an external input / output unit 220, a signal processing unit 230, an ultrasonic transmission unit 240, A receiving unit 250, and a plurality of ultrasonic transducer units 260.

The power supply unit 210 includes components of the precision wind direction observation apparatus 100 using the ultrasonic sensor (i.e., the external input / output unit 220, the signal processing unit 230, the ultrasonic transmission unit 240, the ultrasonic reception unit 250, The ultrasonic transducer unit 260, the heater unit 270, the temperature sensor unit 280, and the heater control unit 290).

The external input / output unit 220 inputs and outputs data between the external device and the signal processing unit 230.

The signal processing unit 230 includes an input / output module, an operation and correction module, a pulse generation (channel designation) module, and a reception delay time measurement module. When the heater is not used, the pulse of the ultrasonic transducer 260 (For example, ultrasonic waves) between the ultrasonic wave transmitting unit 240 and the ultrasonic wave receiving unit 250. In the case of using a heater, the ultrasonic wave transducer The data of the ultrasonic sensor of the deuce part 260 is processed by dividing the temperature range into a first temperature range that is equal to or higher than the reference temperature and a second temperature range that is equal to or lower than the reference temperature based on the specific temperature (i.e., And uses the ultrasonic wave having the first ultrasonic frequency f1 preset when the temperature of the external temperature is within the first temperature range, and uses the ultrasonic wave having the preset first ultrasonic frequency f1 when the temperature of the outside belongs to the second temperature range, The ultrasonic wave transmitting unit 240 and the ultrasonic wave receiving unit 250 are controlled to use the ultrasonic wave having the ultrasonic frequency f2 to measure the wind direction and the wind speed value.

In one embodiment, the signal processing unit 230 may determine the pulse transmission time between the ultrasonic transducer units 260

Figure pat00001
,
Figure pat00002
) Of the ultrasonic transducer 260 and calculates the transceiving time between the sensors of the ultrasonic transducer 260 to calculate the wind speed as shown in Equation 1 below. Where L is the distance between the transducer faces 260, C is the speed of sound (340 m / s), V is the velocity of gas flow,
Figure pat00003
Is a first transit time of ultrasound,
Figure pat00004
Is the second ultrasonic transmission time.

Figure pat00005

In one embodiment, the signal processing unit 230 performs TOF measurement using the ultrasonic transducer transmission / reception difference of the ultrasonic transducer 260. As shown in FIG. 2, the orthogonal components between the ultrasonic sensors are vector-synthesized Wind direction and wind speed can be measured. At this time, a pair of transceiving sensors arranged facing each other are time-divided to operate as a transmitting sensor and a receiving sensor, and repeatedly operated to operate as a receiving sensor and a transmitting sensor, and instead of detecting the envelope of the received pulse string, The phase between the wave and the receiving wave can be measured. Further, since the envelope of the pulse string is detected and the arrival time is measured from the peak position thereof, it is possible to measure the air velocity once per transmission pulse string in the specific ultrasonic sensor.

In one embodiment, in order to compensate for the change in sound velocity according to the atmospheric conditions, the signal processing unit 230 first uses two pairs of ultrasonic sensors per measurement path to send ultrasonic waves in the form of pulse strings in opposite directions, It is possible to independently measure the transmission time until the following.

In one embodiment, the signal processor 230 measures the temperature of the ultrasonic transducer 260 at a temperature corresponding to a propagation delay time according to the medium temperature of the space in which the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer 260 is received The change amount of the time difference between the transmission time point and the reception time point can be measured and converted into a temperature value.

The ultrasonic transmission unit 240 generates a pulse through the ultrasonic transducer unit 260 according to the control of the signal processing unit 230 (that is, a pulse generation (channel designation) module)

In one embodiment, the ultrasonic transmission section 240 may include an ultrasonic oscillation circuit (including, for example, a piezoelectric oscillator) for transmitting ultrasonic waves.

The ultrasound receiver 250 receives a pulse from the designated channel through the ultrasound transducer 260 and informs it to the signal processor 230 (i.e., the reception delay time measurement module).

In one embodiment, the ultrasound receiving unit 250 may further include an amplifier for amplifying a weak ultrasound signal to be received.

The ultrasonic transducer unit 260 is formed by fixing a plurality of ultrasonic sensors in pairs facing each other.

In one embodiment, the ultrasonic transducer unit 260 uses a piezoelectric ceramic oscillation element. When heat is generated in the heater unit 270, the generated heat may be conducted to increase the temperature, A sensor may be used to generate the first ultrasonic frequency f1 or the second ultrasonic frequency f2 under the control of the signal processing unit 230 to sense the wind direction and the wind speed.

The heater unit 270 generates heat in accordance with the ambient temperature change of the ultrasonic transducer unit 260 and conducts the ultrasonic wave to the ultrasonic transducer unit 260 and the temperature sensor unit 280, Thereby preventing characteristic deterioration due to a change in ambient temperature.

The temperature sensor unit 280 uses the NTC thermistor temperature sensor to reduce the resistance value of the NTC thermistor upon receiving the heat generated by the heater unit 270. When the current flowing through the NTC thermistor temperature sensor is constant, To detect the temperature.

The heater control unit 290 receives the temperature detected by the temperature sensor unit 280 and controls the driving of the heater unit 270 under the control of the signal processing unit 230 in order to prevent freezing of the ultrasonic sensor.

The precise wind direction wind speed observer (100) using the ultrasonic sensor having the above-described configuration is an ultrasonic type wind speed sensor, which detects the wind direction and wind speed in contact with the wind. Frequency conversion module and the protection circuit module according to the temperature characteristics in consideration of the characteristics (that is, the transmission speed of the ultrasonic wave is sensitive to the change of the atmospheric environment) to compensate for the change of the atmospheric condition And by measuring the transmission time in the opposite direction and measuring the wind speed accurately by using the difference, the wind direction and the wind direction can be accurately measured by using two different frequencies according to the temperature due to the sensitivity intensity fluctuation of the ultrasonic sensor at low temperature, It is possible to increase the precision of the measurement of the wind speed value and to prevent accidents caused by the wind through more accurate measurement. Other it is possible to prevent the economic loss from occurring, and also there does not use moving parts of the wind direction and wind speed the need for re-calibration (Recalibration).

The precision wind direction wind speed observing apparatus 100 using the ultrasonic sensor having the above-described configuration may further include a wind direction wind speed alarm unit (not shown in the drawing for convenience of explanation) equipped with an alarm function, And a protection circuit module for preventing overheat protection of the frequency conversion module and the ultrasonic transducer unit 260. The measurement accuracy of the wind direction wind speed And can be measured without being influenced by temperature.

The precision wind direction wind speed observation device 200 using the ultrasonic sensor having the above-described configuration further includes a heater disconnection and malfunction prevention circuit (not shown in the drawings for convenience of explanation) And the comparator circuit for detecting overheating and erroneous operation due to disconnection of the temperature sensor unit 280 may be used to prevent breakage of the ultrasonic transducer unit 260 and decrease measurement error. In other words, when the heater unit 270 and the temperature sensor unit 280 are used to minimize the variation of the ultrasonic transducer unit 260 with temperature, the temperature of the heater unit 270 and the temperature sensor unit 280 In order to prevent malfunction, it is possible to implement a disconnection detection circuit for protection against overheating by a frequency conversion and protection circuit according to temperature characteristics. Here, the frequency conversion and protection circuit according to the temperature characteristic can reproduce the same product repeatedly at the manufacturing factory of the precision wind direction wind speed observation device 200 using the ultrasonic sensor, and can measure the accurate wind direction and wind speed, And loss of human loss and work structure can be prevented in advance.

The precision wind direction wind speed observation device 200 using the ultrasonic sensor having the above-described configuration compensates the temperature corresponding to the change of the transmission and reception characteristics of the ultrasonic wave transmission part 260 according to the temperature variation, It is possible to match the resonance frequency and the drive frequency by changing the drive frequency, thereby preventing the impedance mismatching in which the resonance frequency and the drive frequency do not coincide with each other. In other words, in order to solve the characteristic that the ultrasonic transducer 260 that senses the wind direction and the wind speed in contact with the wind changes the capacitance value according to the temperature change, the temperature characteristic of the ultrasonic transducer 260 And it is applied so that the resonance frequency and the driving frequency can be matched by using two or more driving frequencies.

The precision wind direction wind speed observation device 200 using the ultrasonic sensor having the above-described configuration further includes a transmission / reception amplifying circuit and an impedance matching circuit (not shown in the drawings for convenience of explanation) KHz transmission pulse signal boosts the supply voltage to a voltage suitable for driving the ultrasonic transducer unit 260 to the class B push-pull amplifier and outputs a transmission output of about 100 (Vp-p) to the ultrasonic transducer unit 260, As shown in FIG. At this time, when the air pressure is applied between the air and the radiation surface of the ultrasonic transducer unit 260, the ultrasonic transducer unit 260, which uses air as a propagation medium, The precision wind direction wind speed observation device 200 using the matching circuit is used to increase the efficiency. In other words, in the case of the ultrasonic transducer unit 260 in which air is used as a propagation medium by applying a suitable transmission output to the ultrasonic transducer unit 260 by using the transceiver amplification circuit and the impedance matching circuit, the air and the ultrasonic transducer Even when the wind pressure is applied between the radiating surfaces of the first and second portions 260 and 260 and the reception intensity is weakened, the high output can be maintained and the efficiency can be increased.

Since the change of the wind, especially the wind direction and the wind speed, is influenced by a number of variables, it is very difficult to instantaneously recognize such wind change in the outdoor industrial field, and differently depending on the working position, However, in order to cope with such changes in the wind direction, the precision wind direction-direction wind speed observation apparatus 200 using the ultrasonic sensor having the above-described configuration implements a frequency conversion and protection circuit according to temperature characteristics , It is possible to observe and perceive information about the wind direction and wind speed while increasing the precision of the measurement of the wind, thereby preventing an accident caused by the wind from being affected.

The precision wind direction wind speed observer 100 using the ultrasonic sensor having the above-described configuration uses the principle that the receiving waveform of the ultrasonic wave according to the wind speed is deformed and the wind direction and the wind speed through the ultrasonic waves are measured in the vector, The wind speed in high wind speed can be increased and the reception time can be precisely grasped so that the reception time can be accurately measured even in the case of old wind and the wind direction and wind speed can be measured more precisely.

FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the wind speed measurement in the signal processing unit shown in FIG. 1 as a first example.

Referring to FIG. 3, the signal processing unit 230 measures the velocity of an ultrasonic wave by using an ultrasonic wave. The ultrasonic velocity Vu generated between the piezoelectric vibrators facing each other at a predetermined distance D is expressed by the following equation (1) And is determined by the reception time t.

Figure pat00006

When the wind is generated, the propagation time of the ultrasonic transmission / reception signal is increased or decreased due to the intensity and direction of the wind. In other words, the ultrasonic velocity Vu transmitted and received in the same direction as the direction of the wind increases by the velocity corresponding to the wind speed Vw, and the forward reception time t t becomes shorter, The value obtained by adding the velocity Vu and the wind speed Vw is equal to the value obtained by dividing the forward receiving time t t by the distance D between the piezoelectric vibrators. On the other hand, since the ultrasonic velocity Vu transmitted and received in the direction opposite to the wind decreases by the velocity corresponding to the wind speed Vw and the reverse reception time t r becomes longer, It is found that the value obtained by subtracting the wind speed Vw from Vu is equal to the distance D between the piezoelectric vibrators divided by the reverse reception time t r .

Figure pat00007

Figure pat00008

If the equations (3) and (4) are summarized, the wind speed (Vw) can be obtained by the following equation (5). That is, the signal processor 230 confirms the forward reception time t t of the ultrasonic waves transmitted and received in the same direction as the wind direction, and then calculates the reciprocal of the confirmed forward reception time t t (i.e., the reciprocal of the forward reception time) And obtains the reciprocal of the confirmed reverse reception time t r (that is, the reciprocal of the reverse reception time) after confirming the reverse reception time t r of the ultrasonic waves transmitted and received in the direction opposite to the wind, calculating the difference obtained by subtracting the reciprocal of the calculated forward-reception time (t t) the reverse receive time (t r) determined that in the inverse of, and distance (i.e., a pair of ultrasound transient facing each other deuce between the piezoelectric vibrator unit (260 (D / 2) to the center of the piezoelectric transducer, and then calculates the distance D between the calculated difference value and the center of the piezoelectric transducer D / 2) to calculate the wind speed Vw. At this time, since the speeds of the ultrasonic waves which vary with the temperature are canceled each other, the temperature correction need not be performed.

Figure pat00009

Fig. 4 is a view for explaining the wind direction and the wind speed measurement in the signal processing unit shown in Fig. 1 as a second example.

Referring to FIG. 4, in the signal processing unit 230, the velocity and direction of the wind are measured using the physical property that the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave transmitted through the air medium is increased or decreased by the wind, The time difference is measured on two axes and the wind direction and wind speed are measured by vector calculation.

When the four ultrasonic sensors (i.e., the piezoelectric vibrators S1, S2, S3, and S4) located at equally spaced and equi-angular positions at 90 占 are facing each other (i.e., When the second transit oscillator S2 is facing each other and the third transit oscillator S3 located at the north and the fourth transit oscillator S4 located at the south are facing each other) (I.e., the order of transmitting and receiving the ultrasonic waves from the first transit oscillator S1 to the second transit oscillator S2, the ultrasonic transmission / reception from the first transit oscillator S1 to the second transit oscillator S2, The ultrasonic transmission and reception from the oscillator S2 to the first transceiver oscillator S1, the ultrasonic transmission and reception from the third transceiver oscillator S3 to the fourth transceiver oscillator S4, the third transceiver oscillator S3 in the fourth transceiver oscillator S4, And the signal processor 230 controls the piezoelectric vibrators S1 and S2 and the pair of piezoelectric vibrators S3 and S4 so as to transmit and receive ultrasonic waves to / The wind direction (?) And the wind speed (Vw) are calculated through the vector calculation using the measured X-axis direction wind speed (Vx) and the Y-axis direction wind speed (Vy) as shown in the following Equation (6).

Figure pat00010

The signal processing unit 230 calculates the X-axis direction air velocity Vx in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction air velocity Vy in the Y-axis direction using the above-described equation (5) Axis direction wind velocity Vy from the calculated X-axis direction wind velocity Vx and calculating the arctangent value of the obtained value to obtain the wind direction?. The signal processing unit 230 obtains a square value of the calculated X-axis direction air velocity Vx and obtains a square value of the Y-axis direction wind velocity Vy, The wind speed Vw can be obtained by calculating the route value of the sum of the squared value and the square value of the obtained Y-axis direction wind speed Vy.

As described above, the signal processing unit 230 can measure wind direction velocities through ultrasonic waves in a vector and more precisely measure wind directions and wind speeds by the principle that the receiving wave of the ultrasonic waves according to the wind speed is deformed.

FIG. 5 is a chart for explaining ultrasonic transmission / reception time in the ultrasonic sensor shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a view for explaining a reception waveform according to a wind speed through an oscilloscope in FIG.

5, four ultrasonic sensors (i.e., piezoelectric transducers S1, S2, S3, and S4) at equal angular intervals of 90 占 are generated at intervals of a predetermined time , The ultrasonic receiving signal received by the facing ultrasonic sensor is measured using an oscilloscope.

The signal processing unit 230 can check a transmission signal and a reception signal transmitted and received at a predetermined time (for example, 2 ms). At this time, the time until reception of the signal at the transmission time in the X-axis direction is counted, (Vx) of the X component can be calculated using the difference between the counted two times, and the wind speed (Vy) of the Y component can be calculated in the same manner with respect to the Y axis direction And then the wind direction (?) And the wind speed (Vw) can be measured by vector calculation of the wind speed (Vx) of the calculated X component and the wind speed (Vy) of the Y component.

As shown in Fig. 6, it can be seen that the received waveform is deformed by the wind when the wind is blown through the oscilloscope, the parasitic wind of 30 m / s, and the wind speed of 60 m / s.

It has been difficult to precisely measure the reception time at a high wind speed because it is difficult to accurately grasp the reception time because the reception waveform is small due to the wind. However, as described above, the signal processing unit 230, Using an oscilloscope, you can measure the wind speed (for example, no wind, 10 to 50 m / s of parallax, high wind speed of 50 to 90 m / s, etc.) using the full length of the waveform , It is possible to increase the degree of wind speed at high wind speed by specifying the wind speed by applying a calculation algorithm for wind speed change.

7 is a view for explaining the power supply unit shown in Fig.

7, the power supply unit 210 includes a protection circuit and a power stabilization circuit, and includes a power supply line 111, an overcurrent protection circuit 112, a noise filter 113, an overvoltage protection circuit 114, A voltage stabilizing circuit 115, and a circuit power supply line 116.

The power supply line 111 is an external connection cable and supplies external power via the overcurrent protection circuit 112 and the noise filter 113.

The overcurrent protection circuit 112 is a circuit protection element (i.e., an overcurrent protection circuit by a passive element) due to an overcurrent in case the overcurrent flows when the overcurrent protection circuit 114 is broken in a short state, (For example, FSMD035-1210-R) is used to protect the circuit by interrupting the overcurrent flowing through the power supply line 111. [0064] Here, the electrical characteristics of the polis position are as follows: the maximum hold current (Hold current (max)) is 0.35 (A), the minimum trip current (Trip current (V), the maximum current is 100 (A), and the power is 0.6 (W).

The noise filter 113 removes noise introduced through the power supply line 111 by using the multilayer ceramic capacitors C48 and C49.

The overvoltage protection circuit 114 is an overvoltage (surge) protection circuit by a passive element and uses a TVS component (for example, SMBJ39A = ZD104) to generate a surge voltage passing through the noise filter 113 Surge voltage that flows into the line) to prevent breakage of the circuit due to surge voltage. Here, the electrical characteristics of the TVS are such that the breakdown voltage is at least 37.1 V to the maximum 41 V, the test current is 1 mA, and the stand-off voltage ) Is 33.3 (V), and the maximum clamping voltage is 53.9 (V).

In one embodiment, the overvoltage protection circuit 114 may turn off when the input voltage Vin increases to 42 (V) (maximum 46 (V)) for overvoltage protection, In addition, when the input voltage (Vin) becomes 36 (V) at the time of power cut-off by the overvoltage protection function, it can be switched back to the power supply turn-on state.

The voltage stabilizing circuit 115 stabilizes the voltage passing through the overvoltage protection circuit 114 through the overvoltage limiting and the output current limiting by using the capacitors C45, C51, C52 and C53 and supplies the stabilized voltage to the circuit power supply line 116 It delivers. Here, the output current of the voltage stabilizing circuit 115 supplied to the circuit is limited to 500 (mA) (25 DEG C) for preventing the short circuit.

The circuit power supply line 116 is a line for supplying the circuit of the precision wind direction wind speed observation device 100 using the ultrasonic sensor to a power source having a stabilized voltage in the voltage stabilization circuit 115 as a precision wind direction wind speed To each component of the observation apparatus 100.

FIG. 8 is a view for explaining direct temperature compensation control for the ultrasonic transducer shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 9 is a view for explaining the ultrasonic transducer, the heater, and the temperature sensor shown in FIG.

8 to 9, a precision wind direction wind speed observation apparatus 200 using an ultrasonic sensor includes a power supply unit 210, a heater unit 270, and a power supply unit 270 for direct temperature compensation control on the ultrasonic transducer unit 260. [ A temperature sensor unit 280, a heater control unit 290, a main control unit 310, a current detection unit 320, a heater disconnection detection unit 330 and a temperature sensor disconnection detection unit 340. Since the power supply unit 210, the heater unit 270, the temperature sensor unit 280, and the heater control unit 290 are the same as those shown in FIG. 1, the same description will be omitted, .

The power supply unit 210 includes a main controller power supply unit 211 for supplying power to the main controller 310 and a heater controller power supply unit 212 for supplying power to the heater controller 290.

The heater unit 270 generates heat in accordance with the drive control of the heater control unit 290 and is structured to be wrapped by the heat conductor 271 as shown in Fig. 9, and the heat generated by the film heater To the ultrasonic transducer unit 260 and the temperature sensor unit 280 through the heat conductor 271.

In one embodiment, the heater section 270 can be heated to the same amount of control as that of the film heater when the film heater is installed.

In one embodiment, the heater unit 270 has a structure diagram of the ultrasonic transducer unit 260, the heater unit 270, and the temperature sensor unit 280 shown in FIG. 9, Likewise, it is installed around the ultrasonic transducer vessel 510.

The temperature sensor unit 280 uses an NTC thermistor temperature sensor and is connected to and connected to the heat conductor 271 as shown in FIG. 9 so that the heat generated in the heater unit 270 is transmitted through the heat conductor 271 At this time, the current temperature is detected and notified to the heater control unit 290 through the temperature sensor disconnection detecting unit 340.

In one embodiment, the temperature sensor unit 280 supplies a reference voltage corresponding to a preset temperature to the input of the voltage comparator, where the voltage comparator compares the voltage detected in proportion to the temperature in the NTC thermistor temperature sensor, And can output the power supply switch control signal 816 to the heater control unit 290.

In one embodiment, the temperature sensor unit 280 may not detect the temperature for the film-type heater.

In one embodiment, the temperature sensor unit 280 receives the controller power of the NTC thermistor temperature sensor through the circuit power supply input terminal. At this time, the circuit power supply input terminal may be separately connected to the heater power supply terminal.

The heater control unit 290 drives the heater unit 270 in accordance with the heater drive signal 821 output from the main control unit 310. The heater control unit 290 drives the heater unit 270 based on the current temperature input from the temperature sensor unit 280, And controls the driving of the heater unit 270 according to the comparison result.

The heater control unit 290 turns on the heater power supply switch component when the heat is insufficient in accordance with the heater power supply switch control signal 816 output from the temperature sensor unit 280 and the temperature sensor unit 280 The temperature compensation of the ultrasonic transducer unit 260 can be realized by turning off the heater power supply switch part when the temperature detected by the NTC thermistor temperature sensor of the ultrasonic transducer unit 260 reaches a predetermined temperature.

In one embodiment, the heater control unit 290 includes a temperature sensor unit 280 for controlling the amount of heat supplied to the heater unit 270 using a control circuit for controlling the power supplied to the heater unit 270, Can be adjusted so that the amount of heat to be heated can be adjusted.

In one embodiment, the heater control unit 290 turns off the heater power supply switch component in response to the disconnection detection signal 815 output from the temperature sensor disconnection detection unit 340, It is possible to prevent overheating due to the disconnection of the NTC thermistor temperature sensor of FIG.

In one embodiment, the heater controller 290 displays the heater operation state. When the heater power supply switch component is turned on, the heater operation indicator light emitting diode is turned on, and when the heater power supply switch component is turned off, the light emitting diode is turned off .

The main control part 310 generates and supplies a heater driving signal 821 to the heater control part 290 after delaying a predetermined time after the main control part power supply part 211 receives the necessary power, The heater driving signal 821 outputted to the heater control unit 290 is turned off in accordance with the control signal 823 output from the heater disconnection detecting unit 330 to turn off the heater power to disconnect the heater connected to the temperature sensor for heat conduction To prevent overheating.

The current detection unit 320 reads the voltage generated by the heater unit 270 and detects the current consumed by the heater unit 270 in a steady state as a current detection component and inputs the detected current to the heater disconnection detection unit 330.

The heater disconnection detecting portion 330 performs a heater disconnection detecting function, which is an alarm function when the heating should not be stopped.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, one NTC thermistor temperature sensor and one film heater are composed of a coupling structure for conducting heat, and the remaining three are composed of the control amount of the heater combined with the temperature sensor The NTC thermistor temperature sensor 320 outputs a control signal 816 for allowing the NTC thermistor temperature sensor 320 to continuously heat up when one film heater connected to the temperature sensor is disconnected and no heat is generated, In order to eliminate such a point, the heater disconnection detecting unit 330 checks the current input from the heater unit 270, and the identified current is supplied to the heater unit 270 The control signal 823 may be output to the main control unit 310. In this case,

In one embodiment, the heater disconnection detecting portion 330 may not detect disconnection of three commonly connected film type heaters.

The temperature sensor disconnection detecting section 340 includes a voltage comparator for generating a temperature detection and control signal 816 and a voltage comparator for detecting a disconnection state of the temperature sensor section 280 with respect to the NTC thermistor temperature sensor, The reference voltage is set to a voltage outside the normal detection voltage and the current is supplied from the supply power source to the NTC thermistor temperature sensor of the temperature sensor unit 280 through the series resistance. Therefore, the NTC thermistor temperature of the temperature sensor unit 280 When the sensor is disconnected, the detection voltage input of the voltage comparator is applied with the same detection voltage as that of the supply power, and the disconnection detection signal 815 is output to the heater control unit 290 after exceeding the normal range.

The precision wind direction wind speed observing apparatus 200 using the ultrasonic sensor having the above-described configuration performs a direct temperature compensation method using the heater unit 270. By using a pair of opposite ultrasonic transducer units 260 The intensity of the resonance sound waves of the ultrasonic waves reflected from the transmission surface and the reception surface changes with the temperature of the matching state of the sound waves at the transmission surface and the reception surface of the ultrasonic transducer 260 with the temperature of the heater 270 ), The waveform characteristics of the ultrasonic wave can be improved.

The precision wind direction wind speed observation device 200 using the ultrasonic sensor having the above-described configuration is configured such that the elasticity ratios of the container material surface 510 and the acoustic matching layer 50 of the ultrasonic transducer portion 260 shown in Fig. It is possible to improve the transmission and reception waveform characteristics of the ultrasonic wave by a method of compensating the temperature by a direct heating method using the heater unit 270 and a method of indirectly compensating the temperature by varying the ultrasonic transmission frequency.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining direct temperature compensation control for the ultrasonic transducer section in FIG. 1; FIG.

10, the main controller power supply unit 211 provided in the power supply unit 210 supplies necessary power to the main controller 310 and also supplies power to the heater controller power supply unit 212 provided in the power supply unit 210 Supplies power to the heater control unit 290 (S901).

The main control unit 310 receives and supplies necessary power from the main control unit power supply unit 211. After the predetermined time elapses after initialization, 821 to the heater control unit 290 (S902).

The heater control unit 290 drives the heater unit 270 in accordance with the heater drive signal 821 output from the main control unit 310. The heater unit 270 controls the drive control unit 290 Thereby generating heat. 9, the generated heat is transmitted through the heat conductor 271 to the ultrasonic transducer 260 and the temperature sensor 270. The ultrasonic transducer 260 and the temperature sensor 271 are connected to each other by the heater 270, And transmits it to the unit 280.

The temperature sensor unit 280 detects the current temperature and notifies the heater control unit 290 through the temperature sensor disconnection detecting unit 340. [ The heater control unit 290 receives the current temperature notified from the temperature sensor unit 280 and reads the preset reference temperature, and confirms whether the received current temperature is higher than the reference temperature (S903) .

In the above-described step S903, when the current temperature is equal to or smaller than the reference temperature, the temperature sensor disconnection detecting section 340 includes a voltage comparator for generating the temperature detection and control signal 816, And a voltage comparator for detecting a disconnection state with respect to the NTC thermistor temperature sensor. The reference voltage is set to a voltage outside the normal detection voltage and a normal range of the reference voltage is set. It is determined whether or not the NTC thermistor temperature sensor of the temperature sensor unit 280 is disconnected. If the disconnection detection signal 815 is detected, And outputs it to the heater control unit 290. Accordingly, the heater control unit 290 confirms whether the disconnection detection signal 815 output from the temperature sensor disconnection detection unit 340 has been received (that is, the temperature sensor disconnection) (S904).

If the temperature sensor is not disconnected in step S904, the current detector 320 reads the voltage generated by the heater unit 270 to detect the current consumed by the heater unit 270 in the steady state, 330). The heater disconnection detecting unit 330 checks the current input from the heater unit 270 and outputs the control signal 823 when the detected current deviates from the current consumed by the heater unit 270 in the steady state. To the main control unit 310.

The main control unit 310 outputs the heater driving signal 821 to the heater control unit 290 in accordance with the control signal 823 output from the heater disconnection detecting unit 330, (That is, heater disconnection) is not received (S905).

If it is determined in step S905 that the heater is not disconnected, the heater control unit 290 turns on the heater power supply switch part to continuously drive the heater unit 270 (S906).

On the other hand, if the current temperature is greater than the reference temperature in the above-described step S903, the heater control unit 290 determines that the temperature detected by the NTC thermistor temperature sensor of the temperature sensor unit 280 reaches a preset reference temperature The heater power supply switch part is turned off to realize the temperature compensation of the ultrasonic transducer section 260 (S907).

The heater control unit 290 turns off the heater power supply switch part in accordance with the disconnection detection signal 815 output from the temperature sensor disconnection detection unit 340 as in step S907 described above , The heater power is turned off to prevent overheating due to disconnection of the NTC thermistor temperature sensor of the temperature sensor unit (280).

The main control unit 310 turns off the heater drive signal 821 output to the heater control unit 290 in accordance with the control signal 823 output from the heater burnout detection unit 330 in the above described step S905 The heater control unit 290 turns off the heater power supply switch unit and turns off the heater power supply unit in step S907 so that the temperature sensor and the thermal conductivity To prevent overheating due to disconnection of the associated heater.

11 is a view for explaining indirect temperature compensation control for the ultrasonic transducer unit shown in Fig.

Referring to FIG. 11, the precision wind direction wind speed observation device 200 using the ultrasonic sensor is configured to measure the propagation speed and the temperature of the ultrasonic waves transmitted and received at the pairs 520 and 530 of the opposite ultrasonic transducer units 260 The temperature compensation is performed indirectly by setting the compensation point. At this time, the precision wind direction wind speed observation device 200 using the ultrasonic sensor detects the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave transmitted and received (that is, the ultrasonic wave transmission time Time 1) at the pair 520, 530 of the facing ultrasonic wave transducer 260, (620) by using the characteristic that temperature varies depending on the temperature, and the boundary dividing time (Time 3) corresponding to the compensation point boundary division (620) is set.

12 is a flowchart for explaining indirect temperature compensation control for the ultrasonic transducer unit shown in FIG.

Referring to FIG. 12, a precision wind direction-direction wind speed observation apparatus 200 using an ultrasonic sensor changes the transmission frequency to perform indirect temperature compensation.

The ultrasonic wave transmitted from the first ultrasonic transducer 520 at a medium temperature condition of a predetermined first temperature (for example, 60 degrees) is transmitted to the first ultrasonic transducer 520 at a first time Time_A (Time1 shown in FIG. 11) (Referred to as " forward time ") and reaches the second ultrasonic transducer 530. At this time, the signal processing unit 230 receives the forward time (Time_A) of the ultrasonic waves transmitted and received from the pair 520, 530 of the ultrasonic transducer unit 260 facing each other through the ultrasonic wave transmitter unit 240 and the ultrasonic wave receiver unit 250, (S111).

After measuring the forward time (Time_A) of the ultrasonic waves in the above-described step S111, the ultrasonic waves transmitted from the second ultrasonic transducer unit 530 after switching between transmission and reception are measured at the second time (Time_B) (Hereinafter, referred to as " reverse time ") and reaches the first ultrasonic transducer unit 520. [ At this time, the signal processing unit 230 receives the reverse time (Time_B) of the ultrasonic waves transmitted and received from the pair 520 and 530 of the ultrasonic transducer unit 260 facing each other through the ultrasonic wave transmitter unit 240 and the ultrasonic wave receiver unit 250, (S112).

The signal processing unit 230 obtains the average time (Time) for the forward time (Time_A) of the ultrasonic wave measured in the step S111 and the reverse time (Time_B) of the ultrasonic wave measured in the step S112 described above (S113) , The influence of the movement of the air medium (wind speed) is eliminated, and the ultrasonic transmission time (Time) at the current temperature can be obtained more accurately.

The signal processing unit 230 checks the boundary dividing time Ttemp (Time 3 shown in FIG. 11) corresponding to the compensation point boundary dividing 620 shown in FIG. 11, Is larger than the average time (Time) measured in the above-described step S113 (S114).

If the boundary division time Ttemp is larger than the average time Time in the step S114 described above, the signal processing unit 230 outputs the value of the hysteresis time Ttha preliminarily set to the value of the boundary division time Ttemp, (Ttemp-Ttha) and the average time (Time), and determines whether the value of the added / subtracted result (Ttemp-Ttha) is greater than the value of the average time (Time) (S115).

If the value of the result of addition and subtraction (Ttemp-Ttha) in the above-described step S115 is larger than the value of the average time (Time), the signal processing unit 230 determines whether the value of the added- (S116) whether the ultrasonic wave having the first frequency FreqA (frequency previously set) is being transmitted. At this time, when the value of the added / subtracted result (Ttemp-Ttha) is not larger than the value of the average time (Time), the signal processing unit 230 returns to the step S111.

If the ultrasonic wave having the first frequency FreqA is not being transmitted in step S116 as described above, the signal processing unit 230 changes the current transmission frequency to the first frequency FreqA and outputs the first frequency FreqA (Step S117). At this time, when the ultrasonic wave having the first frequency (FreqA) is being transmitted in the above-described step S116, the signal processing unit 230 returns to the above-described step S111.

On the other hand, if the boundary dividing time Ttemp is not greater than the average time in the above-described step S114, the signal processing unit 230 sets the value of the hysteresis time Ttha previously set to the value of the boundary dividing time Ttemp (Ttemp + Ttha) is compared with the average time (Time) to determine whether the value of the summed result (Ttemp + Ttha) is smaller than the value of the average time (Time) (S118).

If the value of the summed result (Ttemp + Ttha) in step S118 is smaller than the value of the average time (Time), the signal processor 230 determines whether the value of the summed result (Ttemp + Ttha) It is confirmed whether the ultrasonic wave having the second frequency FreqB (preset frequency) is being transmitted (S119). At this time, if the value of the summed result (Ttemp + Ttha) in the above-described step S118 is not larger than the value of the average time (Time), the signal processing unit 230 returns to the above-described step S111.

If the ultrasonic wave having the second frequency FreqB is not being transmitted in step S119 as described above, the signal processing unit 230 changes the current transmission frequency to the second frequency FreqB and outputs the second frequency FreqB (S220). At this time, when the ultrasonic wave having the second frequency FreqB is being transmitted in the above-described step S119, the signal processing unit 230 returns to the above-described step S111.

When the currently measured value (Time) is greater than the value obtained by adding the boundary dividing time (Ttemp) and the hysteresis time (Ttha), the precision wind direction wind speed observing apparatus (200) using the ultrasonic sensor performing the above- (FreqA) when the current measured value (Time) is smaller than the value obtained by subtracting the boundary dividing time (Ttemp) and the hysteresis time (Ttha) from the first frequency (FreqB) It is possible to improve the waveform characteristics 610 due to the temperature change of the ultrasonic transducer unit 260 as shown in Fig.

The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described apparatuses and / or methods, but may be implemented by a program for realizing functions corresponding to the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention, a recording medium on which the program is recorded, And such an embodiment can be easily implemented by those skilled in the art from the description of the embodiments described above.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, It belongs to the scope of right.

200: Precision wind direction wind speed observation device using ultrasonic sensor
210: Power supply
111: Power supply line
112: Overcurrent protection circuit
113: Noise filter
114: Overvoltage protection circuit
115: Voltage stabilization circuit
116: Circuit power line
220: External input / output unit
230: Signal processor
240: Ultrasonic transmitter
250: Ultrasonic receiver
260: ultrasonic transducer
270:
280: Temperature sensor unit
290:
310:
320:
330: heater disconnection detecting unit
340: Temperature sensor disconnection detecting section

Claims (6)

A power supply unit for supplying necessary power to the inside;
A plurality of ultrasonic transducer parts having ultrasonic sensors fixed to each other in pairs;
A signal processing unit having an input / output module, an operation and correction module, a pulse generation (channel designation) module, and a reception delay time measurement module, and calculating an anomaly direction wind speed using an ultrasonic transmission / reception time of the ultrasonic transducer;
An external input / output unit for inputting / outputting data between the external device and the signal processing unit;
An ultrasonic transmission unit for generating ultrasonic waves through the ultrasonic transducer unit according to a control of the signal processing unit and transmitting ultrasonic waves to a designated channel; And
And an ultrasonic receiver for receiving ultrasonic waves from the designated channel through the ultrasonic transducer and informing the signal processor of the ultrasonic waves;
The signal processing unit obtains the reciprocal of the forward reception time by checking the forward reception time of the ultrasonic waves transmitted and received in the same direction as the wind direction and obtains the reciprocal of the reverse reception time by checking the reverse reception time of the ultrasonic waves transmitted and received in the direction opposite to the wind And calculating a difference value by subtracting the inverse number of the inverse reception time from the inverse number of the inverse reception time, and multiplying the difference between the distance between the ultrasonic wave transmission units by the difference to calculate a wind speed. Precise Wind Direction Wind Speed Observation System.
The signal processing apparatus according to claim 1,
Wherein the difference between the ultrasonic transmission and reception time of the ultrasonic transducer unit is measured on two axes and the wind direction and the wind speed are measured through vector calculation.
The signal processing apparatus according to claim 2,
Counts the time from the transmission time to the reception in the X-axis direction and counts the transmission / reception time in the opposite direction, calculates the X-axis direction air velocity using the difference of the two counted times, Counts the time from the transmission to the reception and counts the transmission / reception time in the opposite direction, calculates the Y-axis direction wind speed using the difference of the two counted times, Wherein the wind direction and the wind speed are measured by vector calculation for the Y-axis direction wind speed.
The signal processing apparatus according to claim 3,
The X-axis direction wind velocity is calculated with respect to the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction wind velocity is calculated with respect to the Y-axis direction, and then the arc tangent value with respect to the value obtained by dividing the X- Axis direction wind velocity and a square value of the Y-axis direction wind speed and calculating a root value of a sum of the square value of the X-axis direction wind speed and the square value of the Y-axis direction wind speed to obtain a wind speed.
The signal processing apparatus according to claim 3,
And the degree of wind speed is measured using an entire length of the waveform over a predetermined level through an oscilloscope.
Supplying a power source required by the power supply unit;
Generating ultrasonic waves through ultrasound transducer units in which ultrasonic transmitters are installed in pairs and opposite to each other under the control of a signal processing unit and transmitting ultrasonic waves through a designated channel;
Receiving ultrasonic waves from the designated channel through the ultrasonic transducer and informing the signal processor of the received ultrasound; And
Calculating the wind direction wind speed by using the ultrasonic transmission / reception time of the ultrasonic transducer unit, wherein the signal processing unit includes an input / output module, an operation and correction module, a pulse generation (channel designation) module, and a reception delay time measurement module;
The step of calculating the wind direction velocity may include calculating a forward reception time reciprocal by checking the forward reception time of the ultrasonic waves transmitted and received in the same direction as the wind direction and checking the reverse reception time of the ultrasonic waves transmitting and receiving in the direction opposite to the wind, Calculating a difference by subtracting the inverse number of the inverse reception time from the inverse number of the inverse reception time and calculating a wind speed by multiplying a difference between the distance between the ultrasonic wave transmission units by the difference, A method of operating a precision wind direction wind speed observation system using an ultrasonic sensor.











KR1020150065677A 2015-05-12 2015-05-12 Apparatus for observing direction and velocity of wind accurately using ultrasonic sensor and operating method thereof KR20160133084A (en)

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WO2019143426A1 (en) * 2018-01-19 2019-07-25 Laitram, L.L.C. Apparatus and method for measuring airflow through a spiral conveyor
CN113671215A (en) * 2021-07-30 2021-11-19 苏州斯威高科信息技术有限公司 Measurement and calibration method and system for improving precision of ultrasonic wind sensor

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WO2019009507A1 (en) * 2017-07-05 2019-01-10 한국항공우주연구원 Rotating three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometer, and method for measuring three-dimensional wind velocity by using same
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