KR20160077351A - Gas dispensing device for radial reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a gas dispersion device for a radiation reactor in which one or more long gas dispersion pipes are adjacent to each other and repeatedly arranged to be a circle along a circumference in a single column. In detail, the present invention relates to the gas dispersion device for a radiation reactor comprising: one or more perforated dispersing plate in which a gas formed in one or more sides is dispersed and discharged by the gas dispersion pipes; a damping portion formed to allow a cross-sectional area of the gas dispersion pipe to be gradually reduced with respect to a portion in which a gas flows out; and an expanded and curved portion expanded to an outside formed outside the gas dispersion pipe. According to the present invention, a gas can be efficiently dispersed in an axial direction and in a longitudinal direction of a reactor, and a catalyst insoluble space inside a reaction zone of a reactor is minimized to reduce a basic unit of a process.

Description

GAS DISPENSING DEVICE FOR RADIAL REACTOR [0002]

[0001] The present invention relates to a gas distributor for a radial reactor, more particularly, to a gas distributing device for a radial reactor which can uniformly distribute gas in a radial direction as well as an axial direction, And to reduce the process unit cost by shortening the fluid stagnation time.

A wide variety of processes use radial reactors to provide fluid-to-solid contact. Solids usually include a catalyst that reacts with a fluid to form a product. The process includes a wide range of processes including hydrocarbon conversion, gas treatment and adsorption for separation.

The radial reactor includes a cyclic distribution and recovery apparatus in which the reactor has an annular structure. The dispensing and collecting device comprises a screen. The screen is intended to assist in the distribution of pressure across the reactor surface to maintain the catalyst bed in place and facilitate the radial flow through the reactor bed. The screen may be a mesh or punched plate of wire or other material. In the case of a mobile phase, the screen or net provides a barrier that allows fluid to flow through the mobile phase while preventing loss of solid catalyst particles.

In the prior art configuration of a radial reactor, the dispersion of the feed in the annular reaction zone contained between the outer wall of the reactor and the outer screen suffers from many problems. The catalyst must be trapped in the annular reaction zone during various heating / cooling operation conditions and during an emergency stop of the apparatus. There is a problem that when the feed gas is not sufficiently supplied to the catalyst held in the annular reaction zone, the deactivation of the catalyst in the partial region is promoted and the selectivity of the reaction product is lowered.

In addition, when the reaction gas is not uniformly supplied to the catalyst particles in the annular reaction zone and a dead volume is generated, there is a problem that the stagnation time of the fluid is prolonged and the process unit intensity is increased.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a gas dispersion apparatus capable of improving the reaction efficiency of a spinning reactor.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a gas dispersion device capable of minimizing the dead volume of the gas dispersion pipes and reducing the process unit cost by shortening the fluid stagnation time.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a spinning reactor in which the gas supplied to the spinning reactor is more efficiently dispersed to improve production yield and efficiency by better use of the catalyst volume in the reaction zone.

According to one aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object,

1. A gas distributor for a radial reactor in which one or more long gas distribution tubes are arranged in a circular fashion along a circumference with a single row adjacent to each other,

The gas distribution tubes

At least one multicomponent plate for dispersing and discharging gas formed on one or more sides;

And a cross-sectional area of the gas distribution pipe gradually decreases in a portion where the gas flows out; And

And an expanded curved surface portion extending outwardly formed on the outer side of the hydrodispersion tube.

According to another aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object,

A radial reactor apparatus comprising: a reactor housing defining an interior of a reactor, a reactor inlet for supplying a fluid stream into the reactor, and a reactor core radially surrounding the reactor core, A radial reactor comprising a cyclic reaction zone defined by concentric inner and outer screens of mesh size porous material, a reactor outlet for withdrawing products generated by flowing the fluid stream radially through the catalyst bed from within the reactor In this case,

And a gas dispersing apparatus of the present invention is installed adjacent to at least one of the inner and outer screens.

According to the apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to change the top / bottom shape of the gas distribution tube structure, thereby minimizing the deviation of the upstream / downstream flow velocity inside the reactor. In addition, the conventional gas distributing apparatuses are structured to uniformly distribute the reactor inlet gas only in the radial direction at the upper end of the reactor, while the gas distributing apparatus of the present invention distributes the gas uniformly in the radial direction as well as in the longitudinal direction of the reactor , So that the catalyst phase can be used more sufficiently to improve the yield and productivity of the reaction.

In addition, the gas distributing apparatus of the present invention minimizes the dead volume between the gas distribution tubes and can reduce the process unit cost by shortening the fluid congestion time.

Furthermore, the gas distributing apparatus of the present invention can be widely used as an apparatus for gas dispersion in various reactor structures, since it is a structure for facilitating gas dispersion by using both the reactor inlet or the outlet.

1 is a schematic plan view of a gas distribution device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figures 2 (a) - (f) are side cross-sectional schematic views of gas distribution apparatuses of various embodiments of the present invention.
Figures 3 (a) - (d) are side cross-sectional schematic views of a gas distributor of an embodiment without a polycondensate plate.
4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a spinning reactor of another embodiment of the present invention.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description. Accordingly, the present invention is intended to be limited only by the following description and drawings, but is not limited thereto.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a gas distributor according to an embodiment of the invention, and FIGS. 2 (a) - (f) are schematic side cross-sectional views of gas distributors of various embodiments of the invention.

The gas distributing apparatus (100) of the present invention is a gas distributing apparatus for a radial reactor in which one or more long gas distributing pipes (110) are arranged in a circular shape along a circumference in a single row adjacent to each other,

The gas distribution tubes (110) include at least one multicomponent plate (120) for dispersing and discharging gas formed on one or more sides. (140) configured to gradually decrease the cross-sectional area of the gas distribution pipe at a portion where the gas flows out; And an expanded curved surface portion 150 extending outwardly and formed outside the hydrodispersion tube. The enlarged curved surface portion 150 forms a curved surface portion 150 'extending to the lower end of the gas dispersion pipe and extending outward as a whole.

This gas distributor 100 is optimized to obtain the best use of the catalyst.

In the spinning reactor, the catalyst phase is defined by the inner and outer screens. The inner and outer screens are porous to allow passage of the feed into the annular catalyst bed on the outer screen side and passage of the product into the central collector on the inner screen side. The gaseous feed enters the top of the reactor and is dispersed in a dispersion zone located between the outer wall of the reactor and the outer screen, and then traverses the annular catalyst bed in a substantially radial manner. After crossing the catalyst bed, the reaction product is collected in a vertical cylindrical collector through an inner screen holding the catalyst.

The gas distributing apparatus 100 of the present invention can be installed in a dispersion zone between the outer wall of the reactor and the outer screen. The gas distribution tubes 110 are circularly arranged in a single row around the catalyst bed and the front surface 120 of each gas distribution tube 110 has a plurality of vent holes 125 for distributing gas And a multi-covariance plate 120 formed thereon. The diameter of these vent holes is about 0.3 to 6 cm.

In the present invention, the gas dispersion pipe (110) has a sloped surface (140) inclined to the reaction zone of the radiation reactor formed on the gas outlet portion of the surface facing the polycross spiral plate, and the sectional area of the gas dispersion pipe And a decreasing width portion which gradually decreases in a portion where the gas flows out. The inclination angle of the inclined surface 140 is about 2 to 30 degrees.

The inclined surface 140 may be positioned at an upper portion or a lower portion of the gas distribution pipe 110. When the gas is discharged downwardly, And when the gas is discharged upward, the inclined surface 141 may be formed on the upper portion as shown in FIG. 2 (b).

The polycondensation plate 120 is mainly for distributing the gas to the reaction zone of the spinning reactor and is formed on the surface in contact with the screen. However, as shown in FIGS. 2 (c) and 2 (d) , And may be formed on the front surface 120 and both side surfaces 130 where the gas is distributed. That is, the ventilation holes 125 may be formed in the front surface 120 and the ventilation holes 135 may be formed in the side surfaces. In the case where the both side surfaces 130 are formed of a polycondensation plate, the ventilation holes 135 on the side surfaces of the adjacent gas distribution tubes 110 are configured to be in fluid communication with each other.

In the gas distributing apparatus of the present invention, the inclined surface may be formed with a gently inclined curved surface 142 as shown in Fig. 2 (c). 2 (f), the inclined surface 140 may be formed of a plurality of inclined surfaces having different inclination angles. In this case, the different inclination angle of the inclined surface may be configured to increase the inclination angle toward the gas outlet. For example, the inclination angle of the inclined plane 144 may be 2 to 30 degrees, and the inclination angle of the inclined plane 145 may be 5 to 45 degrees.

The enlarged curved portion 150 minimizes the dead volume between the respective gas dispersion pipes, thereby shortening the stagnation time of the catalyst particles in the annular reaction zone, thereby reducing the process unit load . The expanded curved surface portion 150 extends to the lower end of the gas dispersion tube 110. The shape of the curved surface is not particularly limited and may have any shape such as elliptical or lobed.

The gas distributing apparatus of the present invention is a structure for facilitating gas dispersion by using both the reactor inlet and the outlet. The polycultainer plate forms an inner surface, the opposed surface having the inclined surface forms an outer surface, or the polycultainer plate forms an outer surface, and the opposed surface having the inclined surface may be configured to form an inner surface. The gas dispersing apparatus of another aspect of the present invention may not include the polycondensation plate 120. In case of contacting with the screen of the spinning reactor, the outer screen performs the function of the covariance plate 120, so that the covariance plate can be omitted as shown in Figs. 3 (a) to 3 (d). 3 (a) - (b)). As shown in Fig. 3 (c), the inclined surface 142 is formed in a curved surface Or may be composed of a plurality of inclined surfaces 144, 145.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to a spinning reactor comprising the gas dispersing apparatus described above.

Figure 4 is a schematic representation of a dehydrogenation reactor of an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 4, the dehydrogenation reactor of one embodiment of the present invention includes a long housing 20 including a reactor inlet 21 for supplying a fluid reactant into the reactor, and a reactor outlet for discharging product from the reactor interior. An inner screen (23) and an outer screen (24) comprised of a porous body received within the housing and holding a catalyst bed of catalyst particles to define a annular reaction zone (25); And a gas distributor (100) that is spaced apart from the inner screen (23) and disposed in the interior center of the housing (20) to uniformly distribute the fluid from the perforated surface to the catalyst bed.

The radial reactor of the present invention comprises catalyst particles in an annular reaction zone (25) defined by inner and outer screens, and the annular reaction zone (25) is filled with catalyst particles under slow gravity flow. The inner and outer screens 23 and 24 are cylindrically and concentrically shaped so that the walls of the wall are large enough to allow the fluid stream to pass without flow resistance or large pressure drop so that the accommodated catalyst particles do not pass through, Size or a porous body.

The gas distribution pipe 110 includes a perforated plate structure having a plurality of ventilation holes for fluid flow. As described above, the gas dispersion pipe 110 is composed of the narrow width portion 140 having a lower end reduced in cross-sectional diameter toward the lower portion of the reactor. The gas distribution tube 110 provides a fluid distribution in a top-to-bottom uniform manner throughout the perforated surface of the annular reaction zone 25. [ The gas dispersion tube 110 reduces the non-selective thermal decomposition of the feed by reducing the high-temperature residence time of the reactants by the enlarged curved surface portion 150, thereby improving the selectivity and shortening the fluid stagnation time, .

The catalyst particles are introduced into the upper portion of the reaction zone using a plurality of inlet tubes opening into the upper portion of the reactor and the catalyst is exhausted through a plurality of return tubes located in the lower portion of the reaction zone. The gas feed is dispersed in the gas dispersion tube (110) and flows into the catalyst bed in the annular reaction zone (25). The catalyst particles generally migrate in the annular reaction zone 25 as a mobile phase in a gravitational manner at a relatively slow rate of about 0.5 to 2 meters per hour. The catalyst particles can thus travel around the feed gas distribution tube 100. The reaction product is thus discharged from the reactor via a reaction furnace center 50 which is connected to a discharge line.

Although Figure 1 shows a reactant fluid stream being fed from above the reactor and the product being withdrawn from the bottom of the reactor, it is understood that this arrangement can be reversed without affecting the operation of such radial flow devices will be. Thus, it is within the scope of the present invention to supply the reactant fluid stream from the lower side of the reactor and to recover the product from the upper side of the reactor.

It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that other changes or modifications may be made to the above-described apparatus without departing from the scope of the present invention, and that the foregoing description is intended to illustrate, I do not want to leave it.

100: gas distributor 110: gas distributor
120: multicomponent plate 130: side
125, 135:
140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145:
150, 150 ': extended curved surface portion

Claims (12)

A gas distributor for a radial reactor in which one or more long gas distribution tubes are arranged adjacent to one another in a circular pattern along a circumference in a single row,
At least one multicomponent plate for dispersing and discharging gas formed on one or more sides;
And a cross-sectional area of the gas distribution pipe gradually decreases in a portion where the gas flows out; And
And an expanding curved surface portion extending outwardly formed on an outer side of the hydrodistribution tube.
The gas dispersion apparatus for a radial reactor according to claim 1, wherein the narrowing portion is formed on an upper portion of the gas distribution tube.
The gas distributor for a radial reactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the narrowing portion is formed in a lower portion of the gas distribution pipe.
The gas dispersion apparatus for a radial reactor according to claim 1, wherein the polycondensation plate is formed on the front surface and both sides.
The gas distributor for a radial reactor according to claim 1, wherein the inclined surface of the narrowed portion is formed in a gently sloping curved surface.
The gas distributor for a radial reactor according to claim 1, wherein the inclined surface of the narrowed portion is composed of a multistage inclined surface having different inclination angles.
7. The gas dispersion apparatus for a radial reactor according to claim 6, wherein the different inclination angle is configured to increase the inclination angle toward the gas outlet.
The gas dispersion apparatus for a radial reactor according to claim 1, wherein the polycultural plate forms an inner surface, and the facing surface having the inclined surface of the width portion forms an outer surface.
The gas dispersion apparatus for a radial reactor according to claim 1, wherein the polycondensation plate forms an outer surface, and the facing surface having the inclined surface of the width portion forms an inner surface.
A radial reactor apparatus comprising: a reactor housing defining an interior of a reactor, a reactor inlet for supplying a fluid stream into the reactor, and a reactor core radially surrounding the reactor core, A radial reactor comprising a cyclic reaction zone defined by concentric inner and outer screens of mesh size porous material, a reactor outlet for withdrawing products generated by flowing the fluid stream radially through the catalyst bed from within the reactor In this case,
Characterized in that one of the first to the ninth gas distributing apparatus is installed adjacent to at least one of the inner and outer screens.
11. The spinning reactor as claimed in claim 10, wherein the gas distributing device is circularly arranged in close proximity to the catalyst bed inner wall or the catalyst outer wall or both.
11. The spinning reactor as claimed in claim 10, wherein the polycondensation plate is omitted when the gas-dispersing device and the screen on the catalyst come into contact with each other.

Images