KR20160076885A - Blasting Method for Excavation of Bedrock Using Dozer - Google Patents

Blasting Method for Excavation of Bedrock Using Dozer Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20160076885A
KR20160076885A KR1020140187484A KR20140187484A KR20160076885A KR 20160076885 A KR20160076885 A KR 20160076885A KR 1020140187484 A KR1020140187484 A KR 1020140187484A KR 20140187484 A KR20140187484 A KR 20140187484A KR 20160076885 A KR20160076885 A KR 20160076885A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
blasting
quot
rock
explosive
equation
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KR1020140187484A
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Korean (ko)
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김영근
황현주
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김영근
황현주
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
    • F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a blasting method for excavation of bedrock using a dozer, which comprises: a blasting pattern design step (S100); a blasting hole forming step (S200); a detonator connection and explosive installation step (S300); a fender installation step (S400); a blasting step (S500); and a bedrock drilling step (S600). As stated above, according to the present invention, even if a small amount of explosives is used, a number of bedrock can be effectively drilled.

Description

{Blasting Method for Excavation of Bedrock Using Dozer}

More particularly, the present invention relates to a method of blasting a rock for rock excavation in rock slope, and more particularly, to a rock breaking method for rock excavation using a small amount of explosive for rock excavation using a dozer, By making it possible to excavate using a dozer, it is possible to excavate continuously when excavating a large quantity while minimizing pollution such as vibration, noise and fly ash generated in blasting work, And more particularly, to a weakening blasting method for dozer excavation.

Generally, it is necessary to excavate the underground in the construction of a large-scale apartment building site or constructing a large-sized site such as an airport. In this case, the excavation target site includes various types of rocks If rocks are contained in the ground, it is difficult to excavate with excavation equipment such as a dozer. Therefore, rock excavation works should be carried out using a blasting operation using a large amount of explosives in the rock mass .

However, in the blasting operation using a large amount of explosives as described above, a large vibration, heavy sound, and a large amount of fly ash are generated due to the explosive power of the explosive when the blasting is performed. Such blasting pollution causes damage to nearby houses and facilities Or safety accidents. In addition, due to legal disputes with nearby residents, the construction progress does not proceed for a long time or the construction progress is restricted, resulting in a problem that the construction period is lengthened or the construction cost is greatly increased.

Recently, a blasting method accompanied by low vibration and low explosion has been proposed in order to solve various problems caused by carrying out a rock blasting operation by using a large amount of explosives at the same time, 2002-0002348 entitled " Low-vibration, low-explosion arm cutting blasting method ".

In the arm cutting blasting method proposed in the patent document, a gun with a diameter of 75 m / m and a charge ball with a diameter of 65 m / m are punched at intervals of 25 to 30 cm, and then 40 g of a black powder, (Gunpowder) 20 g was placed in a plastic bag to prepare a spray gun. The spray gun was cut to 50 cm, and a gunpowder was fixed to both ends of the two guns by tape. It is filled with a sand bag (메 m) of a length of ㎝ length and attached to one end of the detonator by a designated number of primers. The explosion parallax is set to 20 to 40 m / s at the top of the loading vessel, and the empty vessel of the first step is kept empty to use as a free surface. The upper layer is filled with a sand bag,A method of blasting a primer after a parallel connection is carried out. By blasting a blast gun and a gun gun by using this blasting method, it is possible to reduce the amount of the gun by cutting the gun only from the gun ball to the arm gun by expanding the free surface , And also has the advantage of minimizing blasting vibration and noise by the action of low explosive black powder and detonation line.

However, most of the conventional low-vibration, low-blown arm cutting blasting methods including the blasting method of the above-mentioned patent documents are very complicated and difficult to prepare before proceeding with the blasting, and the diameter and depth of the charge hole and the interval The blasting operation is being carried out based on the design requirements which are roughly prepared by the blasting experts in accordance with the experience of the blasting field according to the situation of the blasting site. As a result, the size of explosion, It is difficult to predict the amount of rock crushing and the amount of fly ash comparatively accurately.

Therefore, it is required to develop a method of cutting a rock slab with a high efficiency of construction while minimizing blasting pollution in a large amount of rock slab cutting work.

KR 10-2002-0002348 A KR 10-1996-0038045 A KR 10-0767740 B1 KR 10-0483315 B1

Accordingly, the present invention provides a blasting method including a blasting pattern for easily and effectively excavating a rock mass while using a small amount of explosives, which is developed to solve the problems of the conventional blasting method for rock excavation. The purpose is to do.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a blasting pattern designing method for determining a blasting condition including a perforation aperture, a perforation interval, a minimum resistance line, a mill factory, a hallway charge and a maximum charge amount; A blast hole forming step of perforating a plurality of blast holes in the rock bed according to the blasting conditions set by the blasting pattern designing step; A step of inserting explosives each having a detonator connected to the blast hole formed by the blast hole forming step, and a primer connection and explosive installing step of filling the upper part of the explosive with the mezzanine; Installing a guard bag on the top of the blast hole; A blasting step of blasting explosives installed in the blast hole; And a rock excavation step of excavating the rock mass in which the crack is generated by the blasting step using a dozer.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the minimum resistance line in the blasting pattern designing step is calculated by Equation (1), and the puncturing interval is calculated by Equation (2).

[Equation 1]

Figure pat00001

&Quot; (2) "

Figure pat00002

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the perforation field in the blasting pattern designing stage is calculated by Equation (3).

&Quot; (3) "

Figure pat00003

In addition, the present invention is characterized in that the amount of the hallow charge in the blasting pattern designing step is calculated by Equation (4).

&Quot; (4) "

Figure pat00004

In addition, the present invention is characterized in that the maximum charge per shovel of the blasting pattern designing step (S100) is calculated by Equation (5).

&Quot; (5) "

Figure pat00005

Further, the present invention is characterized by using a millisecond (MS) electric primer having an explosion time difference in the range of 20 to 25 ms in the explosive charged in the blasting hole in the blasting step.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that a sand bag used in the step of installing a protective article is sand bags or a sand bag filled with sand so as to have a load of 30 to 50 kg.

In the present invention, rock mass is weakened by forming a crack in a rock by using a small amount of explosives, and then the rock excavation efficiency is drastically improved by excavating the rock by using the excavation equipment under relatively working efficiency and excellent working environment. As a result, Construction period is shortened and construction cost is reduced.

In addition, since the rock blasting is performed using a small amount of explosives, the present invention is more secure than the conventional rock excavation method by blasting, and also minimizes pollution caused by sounding, vibration, and scattering.

Further, since the flatness of the bottom surface is excellent after the blasting, the present invention does not require a floor planarization operation separately, and it is possible to continuously work on a rock having a large amount of rocks.

In addition, since the rock mass can be excavated using the stabilized blasting pattern, the operation period and the work schedule can be easily predicted, and the rock excavation work can be performed by using the large dozer in addition to the conventional blasting method As a result, the inconvenience of separately carrying out the crushing operation to utilize the excavated rock mass for landfill or the like is solved to a considerable extent.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a flowchart sequentially illustrating the procedure of implementing a weakening blasting method for rock excavation according to the present invention;
2 and 3 are a cross-sectional view and a plan view showing an embodiment of a weakening blasting method for rock excavation according to the present invention, respectively.

Hereinafter, the structure and operation of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings showing preferred embodiments of the present invention.

The present invention provides a blasting method capable of easily and efficiently excavating a rock mass while using a small amount of explosives. To this end, the blasting method of the present invention includes blasting pattern designing step S100, (Step S200), a primer wire connection and explosive installation step S300, a barrier installation step S400, a blasting step S500, and a rock excavation step S600.

(1) Blasting pattern designing step (S100)

As described above, the present invention uses a small amount of explosives to form a crack in a rock having a high strength by a blasting operation, thereby weakening the rock mass. In addition, the rock rock is a vulnerable rock having cracks formed therein. In order to perform a blasting operation (weakening blasting operation) in which a crack is formed in the rock by a blasting operation using a small amount of explosives, a blasting operation such as a milling plant, a perforation interval, The detailed design of the blasting pattern consisting of all parameters for

Generally, when designing a blasting operation, it is first necessary to calculate blasting conditions such as a drilling hole, a hole interval, a minimum resistance line, a cloth factory, and a charge amount for determining a blasting pattern. The blasting conditions such as the amount of charge have a significant effect on the blasting result, so that this step is a blasting pattern design that appropriately determines the blasting condition that has a relatively large influence on the blasting result, .

① Perforation diameter (

Figure pat00006
): Perforated aperture (
Figure pat00007
Refers to a diameter of a blast hole formed in a rock by using a crawler drill or the like in order to install explosives therein,
Figure pat00008
) Has a size of 45 to 76 mm, which is the same as the diameter of a blast hole generally adopted at the blasting site.

② Minimum resistance line (

Figure pat00009
): Minimum resistance line (
Figure pat00010
) Refers to the minimum distance from the blast hole where the explosive is installed to the free surface (the surface exposed to the air)
Figure pat00011
The smaller the size (length) of the rock, the more reliable the incision of the rock. Therefore, in order to form a crack enough to excavate the rock by using the dozer on the rock,
Figure pat00012
), The inventors of the present invention have found that the minimum resistance line
Figure pat00013
) Satisfies the following equation (1), it is confirmed that a crack suitable for the rock is formed.

Figure pat00014

here,

Figure pat00015
(Mm).

③ Perforation interval (

Figure pat00016
): Perforation interval (
Figure pat00017
) Refers to the horizontal distance between neighboring blasters,
Figure pat00018
), The strong blasting occurs. Therefore, in order to form an appropriate crack in the rock,
Figure pat00019
) Should be designed to satisfy the following equation (2).

Figure pat00020

here,

Figure pat00021
Is the minimum resistance line (m).

④ Cloth factory (

Figure pat00022
) Is a vertical depth (length) of a blasting hole. In the present invention, taking into account the excavating ability and puncturing efficiency of a dozer, and considering that the rod length of a crawler drill is usually less than 3.3 m, To reflect the loading of explosives loaded inside the factory (
Figure pat00023
) Is calculated according to the following equation (3).

Figure pat00024

here,

Figure pat00025
(Kg).

⑤ Freight charge (

Figure pat00026
): Amount of freight (
Figure pat00027
) Refers to the weight (kg) of the explosive charged to the blast hole. In the present invention, in order to form an adequate crack in the rock mass,
Figure pat00028
) Is the minimum resistance (
Figure pat00029
), Perforation interval (
Figure pat00030
) And cloth factory
Figure pat00031
) As shown in Equation (4) below.

&Quot; (4) "

Figure pat00032

here,

Figure pat00033
(Kg),
Figure pat00034
The minimum resistance line m,
Figure pat00035
(M),
Figure pat00036
Is a cloth factory (m).

⑥ Explosive method of primer: In this invention, a millisecond (MS) electric primer having an explosion time difference (fist) in the range of 20 to 25 ms is used so as to attain a blasting effect and to reduce vibration by mutual interference. do.

⑦ Maximum charge per shipment (

Figure pat00037
): In the present invention, the allowable blasting vibration speed (
Figure pat00038
) And the distance from the blasting point to the facility
Figure pat00039
) To calculate the maximum charge amount per charge satisfying the following equation (5).

Figure pat00040

here,

Figure pat00041
Is the permissible blasting vibration speed (cm / sec),
Figure pat00042
Is the distance (m) from the blasting point to the facility,
Figure pat00043
Is the maximum charge per kilo (kg / delay).

(2) Blast hole forming step (S200)

In this step, when the blasting pattern is determined by the blasting pattern designing step S100 as described above, the blasting hole is formed by perforating the rocking block in accordance with the blasting pattern designed using a drilling machine such as a crawler drill.

(3) Primer connection and explosive installation phase (S300)

In this step, a plurality of blast holes are punctured by the blast hole forming step (S200). Then, the explosive is connected to the blast primer inside the blast holes. The explosive charge is prepared in accordance with the maximum load per charge calculated by the charge amount calculating means and the maximum charge per charge, and a primer primer is installed and connected to these explosives, and then these explosives are respectively inserted into a plurality of blasting holes. A mage 21 such as clay or sand is filled by a tamping operation so as to prevent the blasting force from being reduced due to the explosive force of the explosive generated in the blasting process through the upper part of the blasting hole.

(4) Protecting water installation step (S400)

As described above, according to the present invention, the rock is easily excavated by weakening the rock by forming cracks in the rock mass. Accordingly, the burden of the rock mass calculated by the blasting pattern designing step (S100) (

Figure pat00044
) And maximum payload per shore (
Figure pat00045
The explosive can not be effectively used for crushing the rock mass, and the explosive is sprayed through the upper part of the blast hole having a relatively weak explosive force, A large amount of fly ash can be ejected together with a blowout.

In order to solve this problem, in the present invention, a protective material having a considerable weight is installed at the upper end of the blast hole 10 filled with the mage 21 such as sand at the upper side, and the blast is used. A sand bag 40 filled with sand or soil is used as the filler. The use of sand or gravel as the filler makes it possible to easily alleviate the impact force even when an impact force is applied to the sand bag due to the explosive force of the explosive. I will follow.

The use of the sand bag having the weight in the above range is based on the experimental result that the sand bladder 40 can obtain the safest and most vulnerable blasting effect when the weight of the sand bag 40 is in the above range.

(5) Blasting step (S500)

This step is a step of blasting the explosive 20 by using the primer 30 connected to the upper end of the blast hole 10 after the barrier is installed in step S400. (Blasting), thereby further reducing blowing and vibration due to blasting.

(6) Rock excavation step (S600)

In this step, after the blasting is performed by the blasting step (S500) to generate a crack of an appropriate degree to the rock, the cracked rock mass and the crushed rock mass are excavated and excavated using excavation equipment such as a dozer, The capacity of the doser is selected in accordance with the standard as shown in Table 1 below, based on the dozer of the Caterpillar, taking into consideration the doser specifications commonly used in the construction field.

model name D-8 D-9 D-10 D-11 Remarks Working weight (ton) 40 50 70 100

As described above, according to the present invention, cracks are formed through weakening blasting using a small amount of explosive in a rock having high strength, and then excavation of the rock is performed using the excavation equipment. Therefore, Generation of rock mass can be minimized, and a large amount of rock mass can be effectively excavated, thereby shortening the excavation work period and reducing the construction cost.

10: Blasting hole 20: Explosive
21: Message 30: Primer
40: Sandbags

Claims (7)

Perforation aperture (
Figure pat00046
), Perforation interval (
Figure pat00047
), The minimum resistance line (
Figure pat00048
), The factory (
Figure pat00049
), The hall fare (
Figure pat00050
) And maximum payload per shore (
Figure pat00051
A blasting pattern designing step (S100) of determining a blasting condition including the blasting condition;
A blast hole forming step (S200) of puncturing the plurality of blasting holes (10) in the rock bed according to the blasting conditions set by the blasting pattern designing step (S100);
The explosive 20 is inserted into the blast hole 10 formed in the blast hole forming step S200 and the explosive 20 is filled with the mage 21. In this case, S300);
(S400) for installing a sand bag (40) on the upper part of the blast hole (10);
A blasting step S500 of blasting the explosive 20 installed in the blast hole;
And a rock excavation step (S600) of excavating the rock mass generated by the blasting step (S500) using a doser (S600).
The method according to claim 1,
In the blasting pattern designing step S100,
Figure pat00052
) Is calculated by the equation (1), and the above-mentioned puncturing interval
Figure pat00053
) Is calculated by Equation (2).
[Equation 1]
Figure pat00054

here,
Figure pat00055
(Mm).

&Quot; (2) "
Figure pat00056

here,
Figure pat00057
Is the minimum resistance line (m).
The method according to claim 1,
In the blasting pattern designing step S100,
Figure pat00058
) Is calculated according to Equation (3).
&Quot; (3) "
Figure pat00059

here,
Figure pat00060
(Kg).
The method according to claim 1,
In the blasting pattern designing step S100,
Figure pat00061
) Is calculated according to Equation (4).
&Quot; (4) "
Figure pat00062

here,
Figure pat00063
The minimum resistance line m,
Figure pat00064
(M),
Figure pat00065
Is a cloth factory (m).
The method according to claim 1,
The maximum load per shovel (S100) of the blasting pattern designing step
Figure pat00066
) Is calculated according to Equation (5).
&Quot; (5) "
Figure pat00067

here,
Figure pat00068
Is the permissible blasting vibration speed (cm / sec),
Figure pat00069
Is the distance from the blasting point to the facility (m).
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the explosive charged in the blasting chamber in the blasting step (S500) uses a millisecond (MS) electric primer having an explosion time difference in the range of 20 to 25 ms. In the rocket excavation, Blasting method.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the sand bag (40) to be used in the guard step (S400) is a sand bag (40) containing sand or soil so as to have a load of 30 to 50 kg. Explosive Blasting Method for Excavation.
KR1020140187484A 2014-12-23 2014-12-23 Blasting Method for Excavation of Bedrock Using Dozer KR20160076885A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101994221B1 (en) 2018-09-14 2019-07-01 황현주 Looser blasting method for excavating of hard rock using ripper
WO2020138783A1 (en) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-02 주식회사 한화 Blasting system and operating method therefor
WO2020138794A1 (en) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-02 주식회사 한화 Blasting system and operating method therefor
CN112364489A (en) * 2020-10-27 2021-02-12 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 Carbon dioxide blasting construction method for controlling damage and vibration effect of bedrock

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR960038045A (en) 1996-06-14 1996-11-21 장길룡 Pre rock cutting method
KR20020002348A (en) 2001-11-05 2002-01-09 김동석 The method of construction for blasting and cutting of rock
KR100483315B1 (en) 2002-06-21 2005-04-18 주식회사 고려노벨화약 Explosive vessel for slight shock and low noise
KR100767740B1 (en) 2006-11-30 2007-10-26 주식회사 고려노벨화약 Blasting method of a slight shock

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR960038045A (en) 1996-06-14 1996-11-21 장길룡 Pre rock cutting method
KR20020002348A (en) 2001-11-05 2002-01-09 김동석 The method of construction for blasting and cutting of rock
KR100483315B1 (en) 2002-06-21 2005-04-18 주식회사 고려노벨화약 Explosive vessel for slight shock and low noise
KR100767740B1 (en) 2006-11-30 2007-10-26 주식회사 고려노벨화약 Blasting method of a slight shock

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101994221B1 (en) 2018-09-14 2019-07-01 황현주 Looser blasting method for excavating of hard rock using ripper
WO2020138783A1 (en) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-02 주식회사 한화 Blasting system and operating method therefor
KR102129306B1 (en) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-02 주식회사 한화 Blasting system and operating method of the same
WO2020138794A1 (en) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-02 주식회사 한화 Blasting system and operating method therefor
US11221200B2 (en) 2018-12-28 2022-01-11 Hanwha Corporation Blasting system and operating method for same
CN112364489A (en) * 2020-10-27 2021-02-12 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 Carbon dioxide blasting construction method for controlling damage and vibration effect of bedrock

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