KR20160056847A - Heat-insulating container provided with vacuum insulation panel - Google Patents

Abstract

The heat insulating container includes a container body having therein a fluid holding space for holding the fluid at a temperature lower than the normal temperature by 100 DEG C or more, a heat insulating structure, and a container housing provided outside the heat insulating structure. The heat insulating structure is a multilayered structure including a first heat insulating layer and a second heat insulating layer provided outside the first heat insulating layer. In the second heat insulating layer, the heat insulating panel 10 is provided. This heat insulating panel 10 is formed by completely covering the vacuum heat insulating material 20A with a foamed resin layer 11 made of at least polystyrene.

Description

HEAT-INSULATING CONTAINER PROVIDED WITH VACUUM INSULATION PANEL WITH VACUUM INSULATOR [0002]

The present invention relates to a heat insulating container having a vacuum insulating material, and more particularly, to a heat insulating container such as a liquefied natural gas or a hydrogen gas which enables a material which is fluid to be held at a temperature lower than the normal temperature by 100 ° C or more.

Since the combustible gas such as natural gas or hydrogen gas is a gas at room temperature, it is liquefied and stored in the heat insulating container during its storage or transportation. This heat insulating container is generally a heat insulating double container provided with an inner tank (first tank) and an outer tank (second tank).

As an example of a natural gas as a combustible gas, a typical example of a heat-insulating container for holding liquefied natural gas (LNG) is an LNG storage tank installed on the land or a tank of an LNG transportation tanker. Since these LNG tanks need to keep the LNG at a temperature lower than the normal temperature by 100 deg. C or more (the LNG temperature is usually -162 deg. C), it is required to increase the heat insulating performance as much as possible.

However, as one of the heat insulating materials having higher heat insulating performance, a vacuum thermal insulating material using a fibrous core material made of an inorganic (inorganic) material is known. A general vacuum insulator is a constitution in which the core material is enclosed in a vacuum-sealed state in a bag-shaped outer shell having gas barrier properties. Examples of applications of the vacuum insulation material include home appliances such as household refrigerators, commercial refrigeration facilities, and insulation walls for houses.

Further, in recent years, a new improvement in the heat insulating performance of a vacuum insulator has also been studied. For example, the applicant of the present application, as shown in Patent Document 1, has developed a sealing portion having a plurality of thin-walled portions and a thick-walled portion in which a portion to which the outer material (sheathing material) A vacuum insulator having a constitution as shown in Fig. As a result, compared with the configuration in which the thin portion is simply provided, the outside air is prevented from entering the inside of the outside material with a lapse of time. Therefore, the vacuum heat insulating material having the sealing portion can realize excellent heat insulating performance over a long period of time.

When such a vacuum insulation material is applied to a heat insulation container such as an LNG tank, it is expected to effectively suppress the intrusion of heat into the heat insulation container. If the intrusion of heat can be suppressed in the LNG tank, generation of boil off gas (BOG) can be effectively reduced, effectively reducing the natural gasification rate (boil off rate, BOR) of the LNG It becomes possible. An example of applying a vacuum insulation material to an LNG tank is an insulation structure of a low temperature tank disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 2.

As shown in Fig. 24, in Patent Document 2, several thousand heat insulating panels 502 are arranged outside the outer wall 501 of the tank. The heat insulating panel 502 is composed of an inner layer panel 503 and an outer layer panel 504. The inner layer panel 503 is made of phenol foam and the outer layer panel 504 is configured to surround the vacuum insulator 504a with rigid polyurethane foam 504b. In other words, the vacuum heat insulating material 504a is adhered and fixed by the rigid polyurethane foam 504b and disposed adjacent thereto, and forms a heat insulating layer (outer layer panel 504) integrated on the phenol foam (inner layer panel 503).

An additional heat insulating panel 505 is disposed on the outside of the joint 506 between the heat insulating panels 502 so as to cover the joint 506. The additional heat insulating panel 505 is constituted by surrounding the periphery of the vacuum heat insulating material 505a with a rigid polyurethane foam 505b like the heat insulating panel 502. [

The vacuum insulator 504a is integrally formed with the rigid polyurethane foam 504b to form the outer layer panel 504 and the vacuum insulator 505a is integrated with the rigid polyurethane foam 505b, The panel 505 is formed.

WO 2010/029730 A1 Brochure Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-249174

Here, as the outer covering material of the vacuum insulating material, a laminate including a thermal welding layer and a gas barrier layer is used. As a typical gas barrier layer, an aluminum vapor-deposited layer can be exemplified. Such a laminate has effective durability as long as it is applied to the fields of household appliances or houses. On the other hand, in the field of LNG tanks and the like, for example, there is a possibility of being exposed to a harsh environment than the field of household appliances or houses. In such a harsh environment, a vacuum insulation material, .

For example, in the case of LNG transport tankers, the vacuum insulation is based on the "International Regulations on the Structure and Equipment of Bulk Vessels of Liquid Gases" (IGC Code), when the tanker hull is damaged and seawater intrudes inside The performance required to withstand the above is required. For example, salts such as sodium chloride contained in seawater are known as aluminum corrosion inhibitors. Therefore, when the vacuum insulating material is exposed to seawater, the outer covering material (laminate including the gas barrier layer) may be corroded. Further, when the outer shell is corroded and broken or broken, not only the vacuum state of the vacuum insulator can be maintained, but also the seawater intruded into the inside may come into contact with the core material, thereby corroding the core material.

However, in the field of a heat-insulating container such as an LNG tank, the use of a vacuum insulation material as a heat insulating material has been known to the extent that the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2 is found, and little is known. Therefore, in order to apply the vacuum heat insulator to the heat insulating container, it is necessary to investigate to further improve the durability of the vacuum heat insulator.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve these problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a vacuum insulator capable of further improving the durability and the like of the vacuum insulator when the vacuum insulator is applied to a heat insulating container holding a fluid such as LNG or hydrogen gas at a low temperature And to provide the above objects.

A heat insulating container according to the present invention comprises a container body having therein a fluid holding space for holding a fluid at a temperature lower than the normal temperature by 100 ° C or more, a heat insulating structure, and a container housing provided outside the heat insulating structure, Wherein the heat insulating structure is a multilayered structure including a first heat insulating layer and a second heat insulating layer provided outside the first heat insulating layer and the second heat insulating layer comprises a heat insulating panel made of a vacuum heat insulating material, , A fibrous core material made of an inorganic material and a bag-like outer material having a gas barrier property, and the core material is sealed in a decompression-sealed state inside the outer covering material, The outer covering material of the vacuum insulation material is completely covered.

The heat insulating container according to the present invention comprises a container body having therein a fluid holding space for holding a fluid at a temperature lower than the normal temperature by 100 ° C or more, a heat insulating structure, and a container housing provided outside the heat insulating structure , Wherein the heat insulating structure is a multilayered structure including a first heat insulating layer and a second heat insulating layer provided outside the first heat insulating layer, the second heat insulating layer includes a vacuum insulating material, and the vacuum insulating material comprises a fiber And a bag-shaped outer shell having gas barrier properties, wherein the outer shell has an explosion-proof structure for enclosing the core in a decompression-sealed state and suppressing or preventing abrupt deformation of the vacuum insulator .

The heat insulating container according to the present invention is used for holding a low temperature material at a temperature lower than 100 캜 than normal temperature and includes a container main body and a heat insulating structure disposed on the outer side of the container main body, And a second heat insulating layer which is sequentially provided outward from the container main body, wherein the second heat insulating layer has a vacuum insulating material in which a core material is housed and decompression hermetically sealed inside the outer covering material, The vacuum insulator is fixed to the first heat insulating layer by a fastening member having a flange portion. The vacuum insulator is provided with a penetration portion penetrating in the thickness direction, and around the perforation portion, And the vacuum insulator is fixed by the fastening member, the fastening member is provided with: And the flange portion presses the weld layer in a state of being inserted into the penetration portion.

These and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the presently preferred embodiments, when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a technique capable of further improving the durability and the like of the vacuum insulator when the vacuum insulator is applied to a heat insulating container that holds a fluid such as LNG or hydrogen gas at a low temperature .

FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a membrane type LNG transport tanker having an in-vessel tank, which is a heat insulating container according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. A schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the tank,
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing a two-layer structure of the inner surface of the in-vessel tank shown in Fig. 1, and an enlarged cross-
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a typical structure of a vacuum insulation material used for the inner surface of a shipboard tank shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig.
Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of the vacuum insulator shown in Fig. 3,
5A and 5B are schematic cross-sectional views each showing an example of a heat insulating panel having the vacuum insulating material shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Fig.
6A and 6B are schematic sectional views each showing another example of the heat insulating panel shown in Fig. 5B,
7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a check valve serving as an expansion relieving portion provided with a vacuum insulating material used in a heat insulating container according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the check valve as the expansion relief portion shown in Fig. 7,
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the strength reduction portion as the expansion relief portion shown in Fig. 7,
10A is a schematic view showing a schematic configuration of an LNG transportation tanker of a spherical tank type including a spherical tank which is a heat insulating container according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, and FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along line II- A schematic view showing a schematic configuration of a corresponding rectangular tank,
11 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of the constitution of a heat insulating structure provided in a heat insulating container according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention,
12 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a sectional configuration of a vacuum insulator constituting the heat insulating structure shown in Fig. 11, Fig.
Fig. 13 is a schematic plan view showing an example of the constitution of a vacuum insulator constituting the heat insulating structure shown in Fig. 11,
14 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of the constitution of a heat insulating structure provided in a heat insulating container according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention,
15 is a schematic sectional view showing another example of the constitution of a heat insulating structure provided in a heat insulating container according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention,
16 is a schematic sectional view showing still another example of the constitution of a heat insulating structure provided in a heat insulating container according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention,
17 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of the constitution of a heat insulating structure provided in a heat insulating container according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention,
18 is a schematic sectional view showing another example of the constitution of the heat insulating structure provided in the heat insulating container according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention,
19 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a representative structure of a ground type LNG tank, which is a heat insulating container according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention,
20 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a typical configuration of a ground-based LNG tank, which is a heat insulating container according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
21 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another structure of a ground type LNG tank, which is a heat insulating container according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention,
22 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a representative configuration of a hydrogen tank, which is a heat insulating container according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention,
23 is a graph showing the results of thermal simulation of the heat insulating container according to the present invention,
24 is a schematic sectional view showing a heat insulating structure of a conventional heat insulating container.

A heat insulating container according to the present invention comprises a container body having therein a fluid holding space for holding a fluid at a temperature lower than the normal temperature by 100 ° C or more, a heat insulating structure, and a container housing provided outside the heat insulating structure, The heat insulating structure is a multilayer structure including a first heat insulating layer and a second heat insulating layer provided outside the first heat insulating layer, and the second heat insulating layer includes a heat insulating panel formed by using a vacuum heat insulating material, , A fibrous core material made of an inorganic material and a bag-like outer material having a gas barrier property, and the core material is sealed in a decompression-sealed state inside the outer covering material, And the outer covering material of the vacuum insulation material is completely covered by the outer covering material.

According to the above configuration, in addition to having the double-layered " adiabatic structure "of the heat insulating container, the second heat insulating layer of the outermost layer is provided with the heat insulating panel covering the vacuum insulating material with the foamed resin layer. This makes it possible to realize an excellent heat insulating performance and to protect the vacuum heat insulator well so that even when seawater or the like comes into contact with the vacuum insulator or is exposed to a harsh environment, It is possible to effectively suppress the corrosion (salting) of the outer cover material or the core material, to exhibit excellent explosion resistance, and to maintain the durability and reliability of the vacuum insulation material.

Further, since the foamed resin layer protects the vacuum insulating material, the heat insulating panel is excellent in durability (impact resistance) not only for durability against harsh environments such as seawater and manufacturing, but also physical impact against the vacuum insulating material . Therefore, the explosion resistance of the vacuum insulator is further improved. Further, the existence of the heat insulating panel (vacuum insulating material) makes it possible to improve the heat insulating performance more than the conventional one, and hence the thickness of the "heat insulating bath structure" can be made thinner than the conventional one. This makes it possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of the heat insulating container.

In the heat insulating container having the above structure, the foamed resin layer may be configured such that the raw material containing the organic based foaming agent is heated and foamed and the organic foaming agent does not remain.

Further, in the heat insulating container having the above-described constitution, the outer covering material has an opening for decompressing the inside of the bag, the opening portion of which is a thermal welding layer, and the sealing portion formed by heat welding of the opening portion And a plurality of thin thin portions may be included in at least part of the welded portions of the thermal welding layers.

Further, in the heat insulating container having the above-described configuration, the sealing portion may include a plurality of thick portions having a thicker thickness of the welded portion in addition to the plurality of thin portions, and the thick portion and the thin portion may include: May be arranged alternately so as to be positioned between the thicker portions.

In the heat-insulating container having the above-described construction, the vacuum insulator and the foamed resin layer constituting the heat insulating panel may be integrally bonded by an adhesive.

A heat insulating container according to the present invention comprises a container body having therein a fluid holding space for holding a fluid at a temperature lower than the normal temperature by 100 ° C or more, a heat insulating structure, and a container housing provided outside the heat insulating structure, Wherein the heat insulating structure is a multilayer structure including a first heat insulating layer and a second heat insulating layer provided outside the first heat insulating layer, the second heat insulating layer comprises a vacuum heat insulating material, and the vacuum heat insulating material is a fibrous material And an outer shell having a gas-barrier property, the outer shell having an explosion-proof structure for sealing the core material in a decompression-tight state and suppressing or preventing abrupt deformation of the vacuum insulator .

According to the above configuration, the second heat insulating layer in the outermost layer is provided with the vacuum heat insulator having excellent heat insulating property and explosion-proof structure. Therefore, the intrusion of heat from the outside can be suppressed well, and the fluid can be well seen in the first tank at a temperature lower than the normal temperature by 100 DEG C or more. In addition, since the vacuum insulator has the expansion relieving portion, even when the vacuum insulator located on the outermost layer is exposed to a harsh environment and the residual gas inside is expanded, rapid deformation of the vacuum insulator can be effectively avoided. Therefore, excellent explosion resistance can be exhibited, so that the stability of the vacuum insulator can be further improved.

In the heat insulating container having the above configuration, the vacuum insulating material is constituted as a heat insulating panel in which the outer covering material is completely covered by the foamed resin layer, and the explosion proof structure is formed by forming the foamed resin layer so as not to leave the organic- The present invention is not limited thereto.

Further, in the heat insulating container having the above-described construction, the vacuum insulating material may further include an adsorbent that is enclosed with the core material inside the outer covering material and adsorbs residual gas inside, and the explosion- A chemical adsorption type in which the residual gas is chemically adsorbed, a non-decomposition state in which heat is not generated by adsorption of the residual gas, a chemical adsorption type, and a non-exothermic state.

Further, in the heat insulating container having the above-described configuration, in the explosion-proof structure, the outer shell is provided with an expansion relieving portion for releasing the residual gas to the outside and relieving the expansion when the residual gas expands inside the shell, Or may be realized by one.

Further, in the heat insulating container having the above-described configuration, the expansion relieving portion may be a check valve provided on the outer covering material or a constitution that is provided in advance on the outer covering material and has a partially low strength portion.

Further, in the heat insulating container having the above-described constitution, the outer covering material has an opening for decompressing the inside of the bag, the opening portion of which is a thermal welding layer, and the sealing portion formed by heat welding of the opening portion , And a plurality of thinner thin portions may be included in at least a part of the thickness of the welded portion between the thermal welding layers.

Further, in the heat insulating container having the above-described configuration, the sealing portion may include a plurality of thick portions having a thicker thickness of the welded portion in addition to the plurality of thin portions, and the thick portion and the thin portion may include: May be arranged alternately so as to be positioned between the thicker portions.

Further, in the heat insulating container having the above-described configuration, the sealing portion may include a plurality of thick portions having a thicker thickness of the welded portion in addition to the plurality of thin portions, and the thick portion and the thin portion may include: May be arranged alternately so as to be positioned between the thicker portions.

The heat insulating container according to the present invention is used for holding a low temperature material at a temperature lower than 100 캜 than normal temperature and comprises a container body and a heat insulating structure disposed on the outer side of the container body, A multi-layered structure comprising a first heat insulating layer and a second heat insulating layer sequentially provided from the body toward the outside, wherein the second heat insulating layer includes a vacuum insulating material in which a core material is housed and decompression- Is fixed to the first heat insulating layer by a fastening member having a flange portion, and the vacuum heat insulating material is provided with a penetrating portion penetrating in the thickness direction, and around the perforation portion, Wherein in the state that the vacuum insulator is fixed by the fastening member, And the flange portion presses the weld layer in a state of being inserted into the penetration portion.

According to the above configuration, the vacuum heat insulating material is fixed to the first heat insulating layer by the fastening member via the penetrating portion. Therefore, for example, it is not necessary to integrate the vacuum heat insulating material with the heat insulating material made of resin (hard polyurethane foam or the like) to form a board. Such a board may be deformed due to a difference in heat shrinkage ratio between the vacuum insulating material and the resin insulating material, and this deformation may cause a gap between the boards, resulting in a deterioration in the heat insulating performance . However, in the above configuration, since the vacuum insulator is mechanically fixed by the fastening member, problems such as generation of gaps due to deformation and deformation of the board are avoided. As a result, excellent heat insulating performance can be realized.

In addition, in the board, there is a possibility that the outer shell material of the vacuum heat insulating material is tensilely stretched and contracted by the resin insulating material due to the difference in the heat shrinkage ratio, and is deteriorated with time. However, in the above configuration, since the vacuum insulating material is mechanically fixed by the fastening member, the tension expansion and contraction of the vacuum insulating material can be avoided. Therefore, deterioration over time of the outer covering material can also be avoided, so that the vacuum heat insulating material can favorably maintain the heat insulating performance over a long period of time. As a result, the heat insulating structure can maintain a good heat insulating property for a long time.

In the heat insulating container having the above-described configuration, the length of the fastening member may be a length that does not reach the container body.

Further, in the heat insulating container having the above-described configuration, the penetrating portion may have a circular shape.

In the heat-insulating container having the above-described structure, the flange portion may not protrude from the outer edge of the vacuum heat insulating material.

Further, in the heat insulating container having the above-described configuration, the fluid may be a hydrogen gas, a hydrocarbon gas, or a combustible gas containing them.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same or equivalent elements are denoted by the same reference numerals throughout the drawings, and redundant explanations thereof are omitted.

(Embodiment 1)

[On-board tank as a heat insulating container]

In the present embodiment, the present invention will be described as an example of a heat-insulating container according to the present invention, taking an in-vessel tank for LNG provided in an LNG transportation tanker as an example.

As shown in Fig. 1A, the LNG transport tanker 100A in the present embodiment is a membrane type tanker, and has a plurality of in-vessel tanks 110 (four in total in Fig. 1A). The plurality of in-vessel tanks 110 are arranged in a line along the longitudinal direction of the ship 111. Each in-vessel tank 110 is an internal space (fluid retention space) in which liquefied natural gas (LNG) is stored (retained) as shown in Fig. 1B. Further, most of the in-vessel tank 110 is externally supported by the hull 111, and the upper portion thereof is sealed by the deck 112.

1B and Fig. 2, a primary membrane 113, a primary heat radiation box 114, a secondary membrane 115, and a secondary heat radiation box 116 are provided on the inner surface of the inboard vessel tank 110, Are stacked in this order from the inside toward the outside. As a result, a double "adiabatic tank structure" (heat insulating structure) is formed on the inner surface of the in-vessel tank 110. The term "adiabatic structure" as used herein refers to a structure composed of a layer of heat-radiating material (heat insulating material) and a metal membrane. A heat insulating structure is formed by the primary membrane 113 and the primary heat radiation box 114 and the outer heat insulating structure is formed by the secondary membrane 115 and the secondary heat radiation box 116. [ .

The heat dissipating member prevents (or suppresses) heat from entering the interior space from the outside of the in-vessel tank 110. In the present embodiment, the primary heat dissipation box 114 and the secondary heat dissipation box 116 are used have. The concrete structure of the primary heat-radiating box 114 and the secondary heat-radiating box 116 is not particularly limited, but typically, as shown in Fig. 2, a foamed body such as pearlite (32) are filled. Further, the heat radiating member is not limited to the heat insulating box and other known heat radiating member or heat insulating member may be used.

The membrane functions as a "bath " for holding the LNG in the inner space so as to prevent it from leaking, and is used while being coated on the heat radiating member. In the present embodiment, the primary membrane 113 covered on the inside (inside) of the primary heat-dissipating box 114 and the secondary membrane 115 coated on the inside (inside) of the secondary heat- . The specific configuration of the primary membrane 113 and the secondary membrane 115 is not particularly limited, but typical examples thereof include metal films such as stainless steel or nickel alloy (Invar).

The primary membrane 113 and the secondary membrane 115 are members that prevent leakage of the LNG, but do not have the strength of maintaining the structure of the in-vessel tank 110. The structure of the in-vessel tank 110 is supported by the hull 111 (and the deck 112). In other words, the leakage of the LNG from the in-vessel tank 110 is prevented by the primary membrane 113 and the secondary membrane 115, and the load of the LNG is reduced by the primary heat radiation box 114 and the secondary heat radiation box 116 by means of the hull 111. Therefore, when the in-vessel tank 110 is regarded as a heat-insulating container, the hull 111 corresponds to the "container housing", and the primary membrane 113 (the inside is the fluid holding space) corresponds to the container main body.

In this embodiment, the heat insulating panel 10 is provided on the outermost secondary heat radiation box 116 out of the double "heat insulating bath structure", as shown in FIG. In the example shown in Fig. 2, the heat insulating panel 10 is located on the other side of the surface that is outside the inside of the inboard-side tank 110 in the secondary heat-radiating box 116. The heat insulating panel 10 is provided with a vacuum heat insulating material 20A therein.

[Vacuum Insulation]

As shown in Fig. 3, the vacuum heat insulating material 20A is provided with a core 21, an outer material (sheath material) 22, and an adsorbent 23. As shown in Fig. The core member 21 is a fibrous member made of an inorganic material and is sealed in a closed state (in a substantially vacuum state) in the inside of the outer shell member 22. The outer covering material 22 is a bag-like member having gas barrier properties. In the present embodiment, the two laminated sheets 220 are opposed to each other and the periphery thereof is sealed by the sealing portion 24 to form a bag shape have.

The core material 21 may be composed of fibers (inorganic fibers) made of an inorganic material. Specific examples include glass fibers, ceramic fibers, slag wool fibers, and rock wool fibers. In addition, since it is preferable to form the core member 21 into a plate shape, it may contain known binder materials, powders and the like in addition to these inorganic fibers. These materials contribute to improvement of physical properties such as strength, uniformity and rigidity of the core material 21.

As the core material 21, known fibers other than inorganic fibers may be used. In the present embodiment, inorganic fibers typified by glass fibers and the like are used as the core material 21, and glass fibers having an average fiber diameter in the range of 4 탆 to 10 탆 Fibers (glass fibers having a relatively large fiber length) are used, and these glass fibers are used as the core 21 by being fired at a high temperature.

As described above, when the core material 21 is an inorganic fiber, it is possible to reduce the degree of vacuum caused by the release of the residual gas from the components of the core material inside the vacuum insulator 20A. Further, if the core material 21 is an inorganic fiber, the water absorbency (hygroscopic property) of the core material 21 is lowered, so that the water content inside the vacuum heat insulating material 20A can be kept low.

By firing the inorganic fibers, the core material 21 does not swell largely, even if the outer shell 22 is broken or damaged by some influence, and the shape as the vacuum heat insulating material 20A Can be seen. Specifically, for example, when the inorganic fibers are sealed as the core material 21 without being baked, depending on all the conditions, the swollenness at the time of the banding can be 2 to 3 times as high as before the band. On the other hand, by firing the inorganic fibers, the expansion during the band can be suppressed to 1.5 times or less. Therefore, by performing the sintering treatment on the inorganic fiber serving as the core member 21, the expansion at the time of the banding or breakage can be effectively suppressed and the dimensional retention of the vacuum insulator 20A can be enhanced.

The firing conditions of the inorganic fibers are not particularly limited, and various known conditions can be used preferably very much. In addition, firing of the inorganic fibers is a particularly preferable treatment for the present invention, but is not an essential treatment.

The laminated sheet 220 has a structure in which three layers of the surface protection layer 221, the gas barrier layer 222, and the thermal welding layer 223 are laminated in this order in the present embodiment. The surface protective layer 221 is a resin layer for protecting the outer surface (surface) of the vacuum insulator 20A. For example, a known resin film such as a nylon film, a polyethylene terephthalate film, or a polypropylene film is used And is not particularly limited. The surface protective layer 221 may be composed of only one type of film or may be formed by laminating a plurality of films.

The gas barrier layer 222 is a layer for preventing outside air from entering the inside of the vacuum insulating material 20A, and a known film having gas barrier properties can be used highly preferably. Examples of the film having gas barrier properties include a metal foil such as an aluminum foil, a copper foil and a stainless steel foil, a vapor deposition film in which a metal or a metal oxide is vapor-deposited on a resin film to be a base material, And a film subjected to coating treatment further known in the art, but is not particularly limited. Examples of the substrate used for the evaporated film include a polyethylene terephthalate film and an ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer film. Examples of the metal or metal oxide include aluminum, copper, alumina, silica and the like, but are not particularly limited.

The thermal welding layer 223 is a layer for allowing the laminated sheets 220 to adhere to each other while facing each other and also functions as a layer for protecting the surface of the gas barrier layer 222. That is, one surface (outer surface, surface) of the gas barrier layer 222 is protected by the surface protective layer 221 while the other surface (inner surface and back surface) is protected by the thermal welding layer 223. The core material 21 and the adsorbent 23 are sealed in the inside of the vacuum insulating material 20A so that the influence of these internal substances on the gas barrier layer 222 is prevented or suppressed by the thermal welding layer 223. [ As the thermal welding layer 223, for example, a film made of a thermoplastic resin such as low-density polyethylene may be used, but is not particularly limited.

The laminated sheet 220 may be provided with layers other than the surface protective layer 221, the gas barrier layer 222, and the thermal welding layer 223. The gas barrier layer 222 and the thermal welding layer 223 may be composed of only one type of film or a plurality of films laminated in the same manner as the surface protective layer 221. That is, in the laminated sheet 220, one surface of the pair of surfaces (top and bottom surfaces) is the thermal welding layer 223 and the one having the gas barrier layer 222 in the multilayer structure And one layer has gas barrier properties), the specific structure thereof is not particularly limited.

In the present embodiment, the laminated sheet 220 is formed as a bag-like covering material 22 by thermally welding most of the peripheral portions in a state where two thermally bonded layers 223 are opposed to each other good. More specifically, as shown in Fig. 4, a part of the periphery of the laminated sheet 220 (upper left in Fig. 4) is left as the opening 25, and a part of the periphery of the laminated sheet 220 The remaining portion may be thermally welded so as to surround the central portion (the portion where the core member 21 is accommodated).

The adsorbent 23 is a layer of the adsorbent 23 and the adsorbent 23 which are adsorbed by the adsorbent 23 from residual gas (including water vapor) released from the minute voids or the like of the core 21 after the core 21 is pressure- Absorbs the outside air (including water vapor) which infiltrates little by little. The specific kind of the adsorbent 23 is not particularly limited, and known materials including zeolite, calcium oxide, silica gel and the like can be very preferably used.

The adsorbent 23 preferably has a chemisorption action (chemisorption type), not a physical adsorption action, and the adsorbent 23 is preferably a substance which does not generate heat due to the adsorption of the residual gas Heat-resistant material), and it is preferably a nonflammable material. When the adsorbent 23 is of the chemisorption type, the vacuum remaining in the vacuum insulator 20A can be satisfactorily retained because the adsorbed residual gas is not easily separated as compared with the physically adsorption type.

In the present embodiment, as the adsorbent 23, a powdered ZSM-5 type zeolite encapsulated in a known packaging material is used. If the ZSM-5 type zeolite is in the form of a powder, the surface area is increased, so that the gas adsorption ability can be improved.

Among the ZSM-5 type zeolites, at least 50% or more of the copper sites among the copper sites of the ZSM-5 type zeolite are the copper 1-valent sites and the copper 1-valent sites among the copper 1-valent sites , And at least 50% is a copper monovalent site having an oxygen-three coordination degree. As described above, if the ZSM-5 type zeolite has a higher proportion of the copper monovalent site of the oxygen-3 coordination, the amount of adsorption of the air under reduced pressure can be remarkably improved.

In addition, the ZSM-5 type zeolite is a gas adsorbent having a chemisorption action. Therefore, it is substantially prevented that the gas once adsorbed is re-emitted, for example, various environmental factors such as a temperature rise may occur and influence on the adsorbent 23. Therefore, when the combustible fuel or the like is handled, even if the adsorbent 23 adsorbs the combustible gas under any influence, the gas will not be re-released due to the influence of the temperature rise or the like thereafter. As a result, the explosion resistance of the vacuum insulator 20A can be further improved.

Further, since the ZSM-5 type zeolite is a non-combustible gas adsorbent, the adsorbent 23 in the present embodiment is composed substantially of a non-combustible material. Therefore, the core material 21 is also included and the combustible material is not used in the vacuum heat insulating material 20A, so that the explosion resistance can be further improved. Examples of the inorganic gas adsorbent include lithium (Li) and the like, but lithium is a combustible material. In this embodiment, the in-vessel tank 110 for LNG is exemplified as the application of the vacuum insulator 20A. Therefore, it is needless to say that, when such a combustible material is used as the adsorbent 23, it is not suitable for a container handling combustible fuel or the like such as LNG even if it is assumed that the explosion does not reach a large explosion.

As described above, if the adsorbent 23 is a non-heat-generating material, a noncombustible material, or both, it is possible to prevent the adsorbent 23 It is possible to avoid the risk of heat generation or burning. Therefore, the stability of the vacuum insulator 20A can be improved.

A specific method of producing the vacuum heat insulating material 20A is not particularly limited, and a known manufacturing method can be suitably used. In this embodiment, as described above, the envelope 22 of the bag shape is obtained by overlapping the two laminated sheets 220 and thermally fusing the peripheral edge portion so as to form the opening portion 25. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 4, when the core 21 and the adsorbent 23 are inserted into the inside of the covering material 22 from the opening 25 and the pressure is reduced in a depressurizing facility such as a decompression chamber do. As a result, the inside of the envelope 22 (inside the bag) is sufficiently decompressed from the opening 25 to become a substantially vacuum state.

Thereafter, as in the other circumferential portions, the opening portions 25 are hermetically sealed by thermal welding to obtain the vacuum heat insulating material 20A. In addition, all conditions such as heat welding and decompression are not particularly limited, and various known conditions can be very preferably employed. Further, the outer covering material 22 is not limited to the structure using the two laminated sheets 220. [ For example, when one sheet of the laminated sheet 220 is folded in half and the both side edges are heat-welded, a bag-like outer material 22 having an opening 25 can be obtained. Alternatively, the laminated sheet 220 may be formed into a cylindrical shape, and one of the openings may be sealed.

However, in the present embodiment, the outer covering material 22 may have the opening portion 25 in which the inner surface of the opening portion 25 is the thermal bonding layer 223. As a result, the openings 25 can be sealed by thermally welding the thermal welding layers 223 in contact with each other. Therefore, when the opening 25 is sealed after depressurization, the inside of the bag can be sealed.

As shown in Fig. 3, the sealing portion 24 obtained by thermally fusing the periphery of the outer covering material 22 may be configured so that the opposite thermal welding layers 223 are mutually welded to form a welded portion. 3, the sealing portion 24 preferably includes at least a plurality of thin portions 241, and it also includes a thick portion 242. In this embodiment, . The thinner portion 241 is a thinner portion in which the welded portions of the thermal welding layers 223 are thinner than the thickness of the thermally welded layer 223 that merely overlaps the thicker portion 242, The thickness of the welded portions between the first and second portions 223 is thick. Since the sealing portion 24 includes at least the thin portion 241, it is difficult for the outside air to enter the inside of the vacuum heat insulating material 20A from the sealing portion 24. [

There is a possibility that the outside air is infiltrated through the sealing portion 24 because a slight end face of the thermal welding layer 223 is exposed at the periphery of the outer covering material 22. [ The gas barrier layer 222 of the outer covering material 22 can not completely block the entry of outside air, but the permeability of the base body (including water vapor) is extremely low as compared with the thermal bonding layer 223. Therefore, most of the outside air entering into the inside of the vacuum insulating material 20A can be regarded as having passed through the sealing part 24. [

When the sealing portion 24 includes the thin portion 241, the permeation resistance of the outside air entering from the end face of the thermal welding layer 223 is increased. Therefore, intrusion of the outside air can be effectively suppressed. 3, if the thick portion 242 and the thin portion 241 are arranged alternately as in the case where the thin portion 241 is located between the thick portions 242, the sealing portion 24 The heat conduction of the gas barrier layers 222 due to the thin portions 241 becoming heat bridges can be effectively suppressed.

The method of forming the sealing portion 24 including a plurality of the thin portions 241 and the thick portions 242 is not particularly limited. As a typical forming method, a method disclosed in Patent Document 1 can be mentioned. The number of the thin portions 241 and the thick portions 242 is not particularly limited, and the number of the thin portions 241 may be about 4 to 6 depending on the width of the peripheral portion to be the sealing portion 24.

[Insulation Panel]

In the present embodiment, the heat insulating panel 10 provided in the secondary heat radiation box 116 is constructed using the above-described vacuum heat insulating material 20A. Specifically, as shown in Figs. 5A and 5B, the heat insulating panel 10 is completely covered with the outer covering material 22 of the vacuum heat insulating material 20A by the foamed resin layer 11 .

The foamed resin layer 11 may be composed of a known foamed resin such as polyurethane or polystyrene, but is preferably composed of a styrene-based resin composition containing polystyrene. The styrene resin composition as referred to herein may be a resin composition containing a polystyrene or a styrenic copolymer. Polystyrene is a polymer in which only styrene is overlapped as a monomer. As the styrene-based copolymer, a polymer obtained by polymerizing a compound (styrene compound) having the same chemical structure as styrene as a monomer, or a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a plurality of styrene- Or may be a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a styrene compound (including styrene) with another monomer compound.

Examples of the styrene compound include styrene, o-methylstyrene, m-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene,? -Methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, t-butyltoluene and divinylbenzene. Do not. The styrenic copolymer may be a polymer using a styrenic compound (including styrene) as a monomer component. Therefore, as described above, a monomer compound other than a styrenic compound may be contained. In general, It is sufficient that the styrene compound is contained in an amount of 50 mol% or more. The specific kind of the monomer compound other than the styrene compound is not particularly limited and a known compound capable of copolymerizing with styrene (e.g., an olefin compound such as ethylene, propylene, butene, butadiene, 2-methyl- Can be used to make.

As the resin component used in the styrene-based resin composition, at least one kind of polystyrene or styrene-based copolymer (referred to as styrene-based resin) may be used, but two or more types of styrene-based resin may be used. As the resin component, an olefin resin such as a known resin, for example, a polyolefin or an olefin copolymer, may be used in combination with a styrene resin. At this time, among all the resin components contained in the foamed resin layer 11, the styrene resin may be 50 wt% or more.

In the styrene resin composition, known additives may be contained in addition to the resin component. Specific examples of the additives include, but are not limited to, fillers, lubricants, mold release agents, plasticizers, antioxidants, flame retardants, ultraviolet absorbers, antistatic agents and reinforcing agents. The following organic foaming agent is used for forming the foamed resin layer 11, but in this specification, the organic foaming agent is not included in the additives mentioned here.

The styrene resin composition contains a known organic foaming agent as described above. Specific examples of the organic foaming agent include saturated hydrocarbons such as propane, n-butane, isobutane, n-pentane, isopentane, neopentane, cyclopentane and hexane; aliphatic hydrocarbons such as dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, , Halogenated hydrocarbons such as methyl chloride, methylene chloride, and dichlorodifluoromethane, and the like, but there is no particular limitation. These organic foaming agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, saturated hydrocarbons such as n-butane are very preferably used.

A method for forming the foamed resin layer 11 is not particularly limited and a styrene resin composition is prepared by mixing a styrene resin and other components and an organic foaming agent by a known technique to obtain a styrene resin composition and a vacuum insulator 20A May be contained in the mold of the heat insulating panel 10, and the organic foaming agent may be foamed. At this time, in the molding die, the styrene resin composition may be filled by a known technique so that the vacuum heat insulator 20A is completely covered in the foamed resin layer 11. [

The specific form of the styrene-based resin composition is not particularly limited, but usually it is a foamed bead. That is, the foamed resin layer 11 may be so-called " Expanded Poly-Styrene (EPS). &Quot; In this case, the foamed beads and the vacuum heat insulating material 20A may be contained in a mold and steam-heated to foam the organic foaming agent. If the foamed resin layer 11 is EPS, a molded body (heat insulating panel 10) in which foamed beads are fused to each other by steam heating is obtained.

As shown in Fig. 5A or Fig. 5B, the obtained heat insulating panel 10 has a constitution in which the vacuum insulating material 20A is contained in the foamed resin layer 11. Fig. As a result, the surface of the vacuum insulator 20A can be protected. Further, since the heat insulating panel 10 containing the vacuum heat insulating material 20A is manufactured as a " molded product ", its shape and dimensions can be standardized. Therefore, the heat insulating panel 10 can improve dimensional accuracy as a " heat insulating material " as compared with the vacuum heat insulating material 20A having the core material 21 accommodated in the outer covering material 22. [

In addition, in the present invention, the heat insulating panel 10 is applied to a heat insulating container such as the in-vessel tank 110 shown in Figs. 1A and 1B and the like, but the surface of the heat insulating panel 10 is protected, It is possible to improve the reliability of itself.

For example, in the present embodiment, the heat insulating panel 10 is provided at an outer position in the secondary heat radiation box 116 as shown in FIG. This is for effectively suppressing the intrusion of heat from the outside by disposing the vacuum heat insulating material 20A having excellent heat insulating performance in the outermost layer of the heat insulating container (in-vessel tank 110). Here, in the LNG transport tanker 100A, the in-vessel tank 110 is to be in conformity with the requirements of the International Regulations on the Structure and Equipment of Bulk Vessels of Liquid Gases (IGC Code) prescribed by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) .

In the IGC code, the membrane type in-vessel tank 110 is required to have a perfect secondary barrier in consideration of damage to the hull 111 due to collision or stranding of the vessel. Here, if the hull 111 is damaged, the secondary heat radiation box 116, which is the outermost layer of the in-vessel tank 110, comes into contact with the seawater for the first time. Therefore, the durability required to withstand the contact of seawater is also required for the vacuum heat insulator 20A located outside in the secondary heat radiation box 116. [

The laminated sheet 220 used for the outer covering material 22 of the vacuum insulating material 20A is basically made of a resin but a metal foil or a metal vapor deposited film is used for the gas barrier layer 222 as described above. Generally, when a metal comes in contact with seawater, it is likely to be corroded by various ions contained in seawater. Since the thermal insulation panel 10 is completely covered with the foamed resin layer 11 in this embodiment, even if seawater is submerged in the hull 111, the foamed resin layer 11 The contact of the seawater to the vacuum insulator 20A can be effectively avoided. This makes it possible to effectively suppress the corrosion (salting) of the outer covering material 22 or the core material 21 and the like.

5A and 5B, the heat insulating panel 10 is not only composed of the foamed resin layer 11 but also has a very excellent heat insulating property because it is provided with the vacuum heat insulating material 20A therein . Therefore, it is possible to make the thickness of the secondary heat radiation box 116 (or the thickness of the " adiabatic structure ") thinner than the conventional one without reducing the heat insulating performance. Thus, the manufacturing cost of the in-vessel tank 110 can be reduced.

In addition, since the foamed resin layer 11 protects the vacuum heat insulating material 20A, even if an impact or the like is applied to the heat insulating panel 10, the banding or breakage of the vacuum insulating material 20A can be effectively suppressed . Therefore, the heat insulating panel 10 can impart durability (impact resistance) to the vacuum insulator 20A with respect to physical impact as well as durability against foreign objects such as seawater or harsh environments such as manufacturing. As a result, the reliability of the vacuum insulator 20A can be improved.

The styrene resin composition is preferably used for the foamed resin layer 11 as described above. Generally, EPS is low in absorbency and has a low rate of deterioration of heat insulating performance compared with expanded polyurethane (urethane foam). Therefore, as compared with the case where the foamed resin layer 11 is made of foamed polyurethane, the protection performance of the vacuum heat insulating material 20A also has excellent heat insulating performance. Since the outer covering material 22 of the vacuum insulating material 20A is provided with the sealing portion 24 described above, the vacuum insulating material 20A itself has good durability. Thus, the heat insulating panel 10 can exhibit sufficient durability not only for durability against seawater, but also for various environmental changes at the time of manufacturing or maintenance of the in-vessel tank 110.

Specifically, for example, since the LNG contained in the in-vessel tank 110 is usually -162 占 폚, the "adiabatic tank structure" including the adiabatic panel 10 (vacuum insulator 20A) It is necessary to be able to withstand use in a wide temperature range of 70 [deg.] C to +60 [deg.] C. It is also necessary to assume that the " adiabatic tank structure " is exposed to water vapor at + 110 占 폚 during manufacture of the inboard tank 110, and exposed to the environment at + 80 占 폚 during maintenance.

In addition, at the time of manufacturing the in-vessel tank 110, it is necessary to weld the membrane with a high degree of accuracy. However, the weld portion of the membrane is inspected by the naked eye and leak inspection using helium is performed. The leak test is generally performed by detecting the leakage of helium from the welded portion by the probe in a state in which the inside of the inboard vessel 110 is filled with helium at a concentration of 20% by volume. Since helium has a small molecular size, it tends to penetrate into the interior of the vacuum insulator 20A more than nitrogen and oxygen which are the main constituents of air. However, since the vacuum insulator 20A is provided with the sealing portion 24 including the thin portion 241 and the thick portion 242, the helium intrudes into the inside of the outer material 22 The possibility can be sufficiently reduced.

[Modified Example of Insulating Panel]

Here, as schematically shown in Fig. 5A, the skin layers 10a and 10b of the heat insulating panel 10 are in a state in which the foamed beads are compressed and cured as compared with the inside of the heat insulating panel 10. Fig. On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 5B, the heat insulating panel 10 may be obtained by removing the skin layers 10a and 10b. In other words, the heat insulating panel 10 may have a structure in which the skin layers 10a and 10b are removed. As a result, the organic-based foaming agent can be well removed from the foamed resin layer 11 of the heat insulating panel 10.

Generally, in an EPS molded article, leaving the organic based foaming agent is superior in heat insulation. However, the presence of the organic-based foaming agent may lower the precision of the leak test by the aforementioned helium. Thus, the skin layers 10a and 10b of the heat insulating panel 10 are removed. As a result, the area where the foamed beads are densely cured is removed, so that the organic-based foaming agent can be easily removed from the foamed resin layer 11. [ As a result, the possibility that the organic foaming agent remains in the EPS molded article can be effectively suppressed.

The skin layers 10a and 10b to be removed may be at least the skin layer 10a (outer skin layer 10a) of the outer surface (front surface and back surface), and the outer skin layer 10a The skin layer 10b on the side of the skin layer 10b may also be removed. The skin layers 10a and 10b may be removed by cutting the skin layers 10a and 10b with a known cutter or the like used for cutting the EPS. The method of removing the organic foaming agent after removing the skin layers 10a and 10b is not particularly limited and a known method such as heating the heat insulating panel 10 at a predetermined temperature and a predetermined time may be employed.

Whether or not the skin layers 10a and 10b are cut off can be easily confirmed by simply comparing one surface of the foamed resin layer 11 with another surface. Specifically, all the conditions such as the density of the foamed beads, the hardness of the foamed beads, and the surface roughness are clearly different in the inside of the skin layers 10a and 10b and the foamed resin layer 11. Therefore, it is possible for a person skilled in the art to confirm sufficiently whether the surface of the foamed resin layer 11 is the skin layer 10a or 10b or the inner layer after being cut.

6A or 6B, in the heat insulating panel 10, the vacuum heat insulating material 20A and the foamed resin layer 11 may be bonded together and integrated. This prevents the gap between the foamed resin layer 11 and the vacuum heat insulating material 20A from being generated even when the thermal insulating panel 20A is thermally expanded due to the exposure of the heat insulating panel 10 to a high temperature. Therefore, the durability and stability of the heat insulating panel 10 can be improved.

For example, as shown in Fig. 6A, the vacuum insulator 20A and the foamed resin layer 11 are bonded to each other by the adhesive 12 applied to the surface of the vacuum insulator 20A, , The outermost layer of the laminated sheet 220 used for the outer covering material 22 is a " thermal bonding surface protection layer 224 " made of a resin having thermal fusion bonding property, (224) may function as an adhesive.

The specific kind of the adhesive 12 or the heat-welded surface protective layer 224 is not particularly limited and low-density polyethylene or the like can be used similarly to the heat-welded layer 223. Here, it is preferable that the adhesive 12 or the heat-welded surface protection layer 224 has a heat resistance of 80 占 폚 or higher. Thus, it is possible to cope with a considerable temperature change during manufacturing or maintenance of the in-vessel tank 110.

A method of melting the adhesive 12 or the thermal welding surface protective layer 224 to bond the vacuum thermal insulating material 20A and the foamed resin layer 11 is also not particularly limited. For example, if the adhesive 12 is used, the adhesive 12 is applied to the outer surface of the vacuum insulation panel 20A (outer covering material 22), and the styrene resin composition as a raw material of the foamed resin layer 11 For example, a foamed bead), and the adhesive 12 is melted while heating the styrene-based resin composition. When the heat-sealable surface protection layer 224 is employed, the styrene-based resin composition is heated while being covered with the vacuum heat insulator 20A to foam the styrene-based resin composition, and at the same time, . Therefore, the adhesive 12 or the heat-welding surface protective layer 224 may be made of a material which melts at a heating temperature of the raw material of the foamed resin layer 11. [

(Embodiment 2)

The heat insulating container according to the second embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment described above, but has an explosion proof structure in order to improve the stability of the vacuum heat insulator.

A general vacuum insulator can realize a sufficiently effective performance as long as it is applied to the fields of household appliances or houses. On the other hand, for example, in the field of LNG tanks and the like, performance different from that of household appliances or houses is required. For example, in the case of LNG transport tankers, the vacuum insulation material may have a different performance from the field of household electrical appliances, etc., based on the "International Regulations on the Structure and Equipment of Bulk Vessels of Liquid Gases" (IGC Code) . As a concrete example, there is a performance (stability) in which a heat dissipation structure is not deformed as much as possible when an accident occurs.

However, in the field of a heat-insulating container such as an LNG tank, it is scarcely known to use a vacuum insulator as a heat insulating material. Therefore, in order to apply the vacuum insulator to the heat insulating container, it is necessary to examine the stability that is not required to be specially considered in the field of household appliances and the like. Therefore, in the present embodiment, in order to further improve the stability of the vacuum insulator in the case of applying a vacuum insulator to a heat insulating container that holds a fluid such as LNG or hydrogen gas at a low temperature, the vacuum insulator has an explosion- have.

[Explosion-proof structure of vacuum insulation material]

The vacuum insulator 20B according to the present invention basically has the same structure as the vacuum insulator 20A described in the first embodiment (see FIGS. 3 and 4) And has an explosion-proof structure that suppresses or prevents abrupt deformation of the vacuum insulator 20B when the residual gas is expanded in the vacuum insulator 20B.

The specific explosion-proof structure is not particularly limited, but typically, for example, the constitutional example 1: the constitution and the constitution in which the foaming resin layer 11 covering the vacuum insulator 20B is formed so that the organic foaming agent does not remain after foaming Example 2: The adsorbent 23 enclosed in the outer material 22 together with the core material 21 is either a chemisorption type for chemically adsorbing the residual gas or a non-heat-resistant type that does not generate heat by adsorption of the residual gas, Alternatively, the configuration may be chemically adsorbed or non-pyrogenic. Configuration Example 3: The configuration in which the covering material 22 is provided with an expansion relieving portion for relieving the expansion by allowing the residual gas to escape to the outside is exemplified.

First, regarding the constitution example 1, the skin layers 10a and 10b of the above-described heat insulating panel 10 can be removed. Generally, in an EPS molded article, leaving the organic based foaming agent is superior in heat insulation. However, the presence of the organic-based foaming agent may lower the precision of the leak test by the aforementioned helium. If the organic foaming agent remains on the heat insulating panel 10, there is a possibility that the stability of the vacuum insulator 20B may be affected by the organic foaming agent when the LNG transport tanker 100A encounters an accident .

Thus, as described in the first embodiment, the skin layers 10a and 10b of the heat insulating panel 10 are removed. As a result, the portion where the foamed beads are densely cured is removed, so that the organic-based foaming agent can be easily removed from the foamed resin layer 11. [ As a result, the possibility that the organic foaming agent remains in the EPS molded article can be effectively suppressed. That is, the removal of the skin layers 10a and 10b corresponds to the constitution example 1 of the explosion proof structure of the vacuum insulator 20B.

The constitution "in which the foamed resin layer 11 covering the vacuum insulator 20B is formed such that the organic foaming agent does not remain after foaming" as the constitution example 1 of the explosion proof structure means that only the removal of the skin layers 10a and 10b It is not limited. In the present embodiment, since the foamed resin layer 11 is formed by heating and foaming the raw material containing the organic based foaming agent, if the organic based foaming agent can be removed by a known method after foaming, 1 can be realized.

Next, regarding the second constitutional example, the above-mentioned adsorbent 23 corresponds to a preferable example. As described in Embodiment 1, the adsorbent 23 may be either a physical adsorption type or a chemisorption type, but it is preferably a chemisorption type. In the case of a chemisorption type, the adsorbent 23 may be a non-heat- , And it is more preferable that it is a nonflammable material.

As described above, when the adsorbent 23 is of the chemisorption type, the adsorbed residual gas is not easily separated as compared with the physically adsorption type, so that the degree of vacuum inside the vacuum insulator 20B can be satisfactorily retained. In addition, since the residual gas does not escape, it is possible to effectively prevent the residual gas from expanding inside the outer covering material 22 and deforming the vacuum insulating material 20B. Therefore, the explosion resistance and the stability of the vacuum insulator 20B can be improved.

If the adsorbent 23 is a non-heat-resistant material, a noncombustible material, or both, it is possible to prevent the adsorbent 23 from being heated Thereby avoiding the risk of burning. Therefore, the explosion resistance and the stability of the vacuum insulator 20B can be improved.

As described above, the adsorbent 23 is preferably a chemically adsorbed type that chemically adsorbs the residual gas, a non-heat-generating type that does not generate heat by adsorption of residual gas, or a chemically adsorbed type and a non-exothermic type. Corresponds to the second example of the explosion-proof structure of the heat insulating material 20B. Particularly, when the adsorbent 23 is the ZSM-5 type zeolite described in Embodiment Mode 1, it is chemically adsorbable and nonflammable, so that the explosion resistance of the vacuum insulator 20B can be further improved.

Next, the expansion relief portion of the configuration example 3 will be described in detail. The specific configuration of the expansion relief portion is not particularly limited, but typical examples thereof include the check valves 26A and 26B shown in Figs. 7 and 8, or the strength-reduced portion 243 shown in Fig.

For example, the check valve 26A shown in Fig. 7 has a cap-like configuration for closing the valve hole 260 provided in a part of the outer covering material 22. As shown in Fig. The valve hole 260 is provided so as to pass through the inside and outside of the outer covering material 22 and the cap-shaped check valve 26A is made of an elastic material such as rubber. Normally, since the valve hole 260 is closed by the check valve 26A, entering of the outside air into the inside of the outer covering material 22 is substantially prevented. The check valve 26A is made of an elastic material so that the valve hole 260 can not be formed even if the inside material 22 shrinks due to the ambient temperature change and the inner diameter of the valve hole 260 changes accordingly Can be abolished satisfactorily. If the residual gas expands inside the outer covering material 22, the check valve 26A easily escapes from the valve hole 260 and the residual gas escapes to the outside as the internal pressure rises.

The check valve 26B shown in Fig. 8 has a valve-shaped structure that blocks the notch 261 formed in a part of the outer covering material 22. [ Specifically, the check valve 26B is provided with an outer portion 262 functioning as a valve body, an inner portion 263 functioning as a valve seat, and an outer portion 262 from the inner portion 263 And an adhesive layer 264 for bonding. The outer portion 262 has a shape in which a part of the outer covering material 22 extends in a strip shape so as to cover the notch portion 261 formed in the outer covering material 22. The inner side portion 263 overlaps with the outer side portion 262 in a part of the outer covering material 22 adjacent to the notch portion 261.

Normally, the valve chain outer side portion 262 seats on the inner side portion 263 which is the valve seat, and the notch portion 261 serving as the valve hole is abolished. At this time, since the belt-like outer side portion 262 is bonded to the inner side portion 263 by the adhesive layer 264, the outer side portion 262 is prevented from being rolled up, and a stable seating state do. Thereby, outside air is prevented from intruding into the inside of the outer covering material 22. If the residual gas expands inside the outer covering material 22, since the adhesive layer 264 adheres the outer portion 262 and the inner portion 263 with hardness, The outer portion 262 is easily rolled up from the inner portion 263 which is the valve seat. As a result, the internal residual gas escapes to the outside.

The strength lowering portion 243 shown in Fig. 9 is a portion where the welded area of a part of the welded portion 240 of the thermal welding layer 223 in the sealing portion 24 is small. In FIG. 9, in both the schematic plan view and the partial cross-sectional view of the upper and lower portions, the welded portion 240 is shown as a blackened region. In the standard sealing portion 24, a welded portion 240 is formed so as to reach the entire sealing portion 24 as shown by a partial sectional view in the upper part of Fig. On the other hand, since the inner side (the core 21 side) of the sealing portion 24 is not welded to the strength-lowered portion 243, as shown in a partial cross-sectional view in the lower part of FIG. 9, Is smaller than the sealing portion (24).

Since the strength-lowering portion 243 is a part of the welded portion 240 in the sealing portion 24, the laminated sheets 220 that are the outer covering material 22 overlap each other and are sealed. Therefore, the outside air can not basically penetrate into the inside of the outer covering material 22 from the sealing portion 24. If the residual gas expands inside the outer covering material 22, the pressure due to the rise of the inner pressure tends to concentrate on the strength-lowering portion 243. As a result, the thermal welding layers 223 constituting the welding portion 240 are peeled off, and the residual gas escapes to the outside.

Here, as in the case of the strength lowering portion 243 shown in Fig. 9, the strength lowering portion is not limited to a structure in which the welded area of the welded portion 240 is partially reduced. Even if the welded area is the same, Or the like. For example, when the thermal welding layers 223 are heat-welded, only a small amount of heat may be applied to weaken the degree of welding of the welded portions 240. Alternatively, the strength lowering portion may be provided in other than the welded portion of the welded portion 240, that is, the thermal welded layer 223. For example, a portion where the lamination strength is partially lowered may be formed between the thermal welding layer 223 and the gas barrier layer 222 constituting the laminated sheet 220, and the portion may be formed as a strength lowering portion.

In addition, a part of the material of the thermal welding layer 223 may be made of a material having a low welding strength in comparison with other parts, thereby forming a portion having a decreased strength. For example, as described above, low density polyethylene can be suitably used as the thermal welding layer 223, but a part of the thermal welding layer 223 can be made of high density polyethylene, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, or amorphous polyethylene terephthalate Or the like. Since these polymeric materials have a lower welding strength than that of low-density polyethylene, they can be suitably used for forming a strength-lowered portion.

Alternatively, as a method for forming the strength-lowering portion, a method may be used in which the thickness of the welded portion 240 between the heat-welded layers 223 is partially thinned, and a portion of the region that becomes the welded portion 240 of the heat- The structure in which the gas barrier layers 222 are directly heat-welded together by partially peeling off the thermal welding layer 223 in the area where the sealing part 24 of the laminated sheet 220 is interposed with a small- Can be adopted.

The vacuum insulator 20B (or the heat insulating panel 10 containing the vacuum insulator 20B) is provided on the outermost secondary heat radiation box 116. Therefore, if an accident or the like occurs, (Or the heat insulating panel 10) may be exposed to a harsh environment. In this case, there is a possibility that the vacuum insulator 20B is exposed to a harsh environment and the residual gas inside it is expanded. On the other hand, if the vacuum insulator 20B has the above-mentioned expansion relieving portion, even if the vacuum insulator 20B located on the outermost layer is exposed to a harsh environment and the residual gas inside is expanded, the vacuum insulator 20B Can be effectively avoided. Therefore, the explosion resistance and the stability of the vacuum insulator 20B can be further improved.

As described in Embodiment 1, the sealing portion 24 preferably includes at least a plurality of thin portions 241, and more preferably includes a thick portion 242 (see FIG. 3 See also enlarged view).

From the viewpoint of the explosion-proof structure, if the sealing portion 24 includes at least the thin portion 241, the permeation resistance of the outside air entering from the end surface of the thermal welding layer 223 increases. Therefore, the invasion of the outside air can be effectively suppressed, and the possibility that the outside air infiltrating into the inside of the outside material 22 expands and the vacuum insulator 20B is deformed can be reduced. 3, when the thick portion 242 and the thin portion 241 are arranged alternately so that the thin portion 241 is located between the thick portions 242, It is possible to effectively suppress the heat conduction between the gas barrier layers 222 due to the fact that the thin portion 241 becomes a heat bridge while the strength is improved.

(Embodiment 3)

In the first and second embodiments, a membrane type LNG transport tanker 100A (see Figs. 1A and 1B) is exemplified as a representative example of the heat insulating container according to the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto , But also to other types of LNG transport tankers. In the third embodiment, as shown in Figs. 10A and 10B, a rectangular tank type LNG transport tanker 100B (for example, a Moss system) having an independent rectangular tank 150 will be described as an example.

As shown in Fig. 10A, the LNG transport tanker 100B in the present embodiment has a plurality of independent spherical tanks 150 (five in total in Fig. 10A). This spherical tank 150 corresponds to a heat insulating container. The plurality of spherical tanks 150 are arranged in a line along the longitudinal direction of the ship 151. Each of the spherical tanks 150 is provided with a heat insulating container 153 as shown in Fig. 10B. The inside of the heat insulating container 153 is an inner space for storing (holding) liquefied natural gas (LNG) (Fluid holding space). Further, most of the spherical tank 150 is externally supported by the hull 151, and its upper portion is covered by the cover 152.

10B, the heat insulating container 153 includes a container body 100 and a heat insulating structure 154 for insulating the outer surface of the container body 100. As shown in FIG. The container body 100 is configured to be able to hold a low-temperature material stored at a temperature lower than the normal temperature such as LNG, and is made of a metal such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy. Since the temperature of the LNG is usually -162 占 폚, specific examples of the container body 100 include aluminum alloys having a thickness of about 50 mm. Alternatively, it may be a stainless steel product having a thickness of about 5 mm.

The heat insulating container 153 is fixed to the hull 151 by the support body 155. The support member 155 is generally referred to as a skirt and has a thermal brake structure. The thermal brake structure is, for example, a structure in which stainless steel having a low thermal conductivity is inserted between an aluminum alloy and a low-temperature steel, thereby reducing intrusion heat.

The vacuum insulator 20A and the heat insulating panel 10 using the vacuum insulator 20A described in the first embodiment may be applied to the spherical tank 150 according to the present embodiment and the vacuum insulator 20B described in the second embodiment and the The heat insulating panel 10 may be applied. Further, the configurations described in Embodiments 4 to 6 to be described later may be applied. Particularly, from the viewpoint of effectively suppressing the corrosion (salting out) of the outer covering material 22 or the core 21, the spherical tank 150 is formed of the vacuum insulating material 20A And a heat insulating panel 10, as shown in Fig.

(Fourth Embodiment)

As described in Embodiments 1 to 3, in a low-temperature tank for storing LNG and the like, in order to reduce the evaporation loss during transportation and storage, vacuum heat insulators have been used to enhance heat insulation . Here, the vacuum heat insulating material is sometimes adhered to the container body by a heat insulating resin material such as a polyurethane foam and formed as a board. If there is a significant difference in the heat shrinkage between the vacuum insulator and the polyurethane foam, the board may be warped. If the board is bent and deformed, there is a gap between the boards, which may deteriorate the heat insulating performance.

Further, when the multilayer laminated film used as the outer covering material (sheathing material) of the vacuum insulating material is greatly cooled, the mechanical strength is lowered and it becomes easy to be embrittled. As a result, the embrittlement proceeds with the lapse of time, and there is a fear that cracks or the like may occur in the multilayer laminated film. When cracks occur in the outer covering material, the pressure inside the vacuum heat insulating material increases, so that the heat insulating performance remarkably deteriorates. Further, if the vacuum insulation material forms a board, the multilayer laminated film is stretched and contracted by heat shrinkage of the polyurethane foam. If the tensile elongation and contraction are repeated, the multilayer laminated film is brittle with time, and cracks tend to occur. Therefore, there is a possibility that it is difficult to keep the heat insulation performance of the vacuum insulation material for a long period of time.

Thus, in the fourth embodiment, a structure is employed in which a penetration portion is provided in a vacuum insulation material and is fastened with a fastening member. As a result, in the heat insulating container to which the vacuum heat insulating material is applied, the heat insulating performance can be further improved, and good heat insulating performance can be effectively realized over a long period of time.

[Insulating Tank and Insulating Structure]

In this embodiment, as an example of the heat insulating container, the present invention will be described with reference to a spherical tank 150 (FIGS. 10A and 10B) having the LNG transportation tanker 100B of the spherical tank type described in Embodiment 3 as an example. do.

10B, the heat insulating container 153 of the spherical tank 150 is designed to hold a material lower than the normal temperature by 100 deg. C or more like the LNG (normally -162 deg. C), and the heat insulating structure 154 The outer surface portion is insulated. The support member 155 described above fixes the heat insulating container 153 to the hull 151 and is generally referred to as a skirt. In this embodiment, the support member 155 has a thermal brake structure. Examples of the thermal brake structure include a structure in which stainless steel having a low thermal conductivity is inserted between an aluminum alloy and a low-temperature steel. With this configuration, it is possible to reduce the intrusion of heat through the support body 155 to the heat insulating container 153. Further, as described above, by covering the outer periphery of the heat insulating structure 154 with the cover 152, penetration of heat from the outside is reduced.

As shown in Fig. 11, the heat insulating structure 154 in the present embodiment has a two-layer structure including a first heat insulating layer 301 and a second heat insulating layer 302, and the heat insulating structure 153 The container body 300 is provided with an opening / closing mechanism (not shown). The first heat insulating layer 301 is composed of the heat insulating panel 40 and the second heat insulating layer 302 is made of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C. Unlike the heat insulating panel 10 described in the first or second embodiment, the heat insulating panel 40 is not formed by integrating the vacuum heat insulating material 20A or 20B, It is.

On the surface (outer surface) of the container body 300, thousands of rectangular heat insulating panels 40 are attached, thereby forming the first heat insulating layer 301. In addition, the second heat insulating layer 302 is formed by disposing the vacuum heat insulating material 20C on the outside of the first heat insulating layer 301. [

The specific configuration of the heat insulating container 153 in the present embodiment is not particularly limited. As the container main body 300, for example, a housing made of stainless steel having a thickness of about 5 mm can be mentioned. As the heat insulating panel 40, for example, a foamed polystyrene having a thickness of about 100 mm to 400 mm (expandable polystyrene beads-EPS expanded polystyrene) may be used. However, And may be made of another resin-based heat insulating material such as polyurethane foam or phenol foam, or may be made of an inorganic heat insulating material (glass fiber, pearlite, etc.) loaded in a heat insulating frame (not shown). The vacuum insulator 20C will be described later.

The heat insulating panel 40 constituting the vacuum insulating material 20C and the second heat insulating layer 302 constituting the first insulating layer 301 is attached to the container body 300 via the fastening member 13. The heat insulating panel 40 is provided with a fastening hole 41 and the vacuum insulator 20C is provided with a penetrating portion 27. [ The peripheries of the penetrating portions 27 are formed of a welded layer 28 in which the outer covering materials 22 of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C are in close contact with each other. The bolt head portion 13b can be inserted into the fastening hole 41 and the bolt head portion 13b can be disposed in the penetrating portion 27. The fastening member 13 is, .

The bolt shaft portion 13a of the fastening member 13 is inserted into the fastening hole 41 of the heat insulating panel 40 which is the first heat insulating layer 301 from the penetrating portion 27 of the vacuum insulatingmaterial 20C which is the second heat insulating layer 302 ). As a result, the fastening member 13 is fixed to the container body 300. In this state, since the welding layer 28 of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C is pressed by the flange-shaped bolt head portion 13b of the fastening member 13, the fastening member 13 is pressed against the heat insulating panel 40, And the vacuum insulator 20C can be fixed to the container body 300 and mounted thereon.

The concrete structure of the fastening member 13 is not particularly limited and includes a flange portion for pressing the deposition layer 28 of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C so that the vacuum heat insulating material 20C is mechanically A known configuration other than a bolt can be employed. When the fastening member 13 is a bolt, it is preferable that the length of the bolt shaft portion 13a is a length that does not reach the container body 300 at the time of fastening. As a result, it is possible to suppress the heat bridge to which external heat is transmitted to the container body 300 through the fastening member 13. In other words, the length of the bolt shaft portion 13a may be less than the thickness of the first heat insulating layer 301 (that is, less than the thickness of the heat insulating panel 40).

In this embodiment, the welding layer 28 of the vacuum insulator 20C is pressed by the bolt head portion 13b. At this time, the bolt head portion 13b is provided with the bolt head portion 13b A flange having a wider width may be provided. The bolt head portion 13b is a " flange portion " extending from the bolt shaft portion 13a when viewed from the bolt shaft portion 13a. In order to improve the action of pressing the deposition layer 28 by the bolt head portion 13b, the bolt head portion 13b may be further provided with a flange. Therefore, the fastening member 13 may be a flange bolt. Alternatively, instead of the flange integrated with the bolt head 13b, a wide washer may be used.

Here, an adhesive may be applied to a part or the whole of the surface of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C facing the heat insulating panel 40. As a result, the vacuum insulator 20C can be attached to the outer surface of the heat insulating panel 40 together with the fixing by the fastening member 13, so that the adhesion between the vacuum insulator 20C and the heat insulating panel 40 can be improved . The specific kind of the adhesive is not particularly limited, but a hot melt type adhesive can be used in a very preferable manner.

Although not shown in Fig. 11, the abutting portions of the end faces of the heat insulating panel 40 are set so as to be displaced from each other, where the portions (abutting portions) of the vacuum insulator 20C are offset from each other. The fillet-shaped sealing portion 24 (or the sealing fillet) formed on the outer periphery of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C is folded and disposed on the inner surface (that is, the side of the first heat insulating layer 301) have.

[Vacuum Insulation]

As shown in Fig. 12, for example, the vacuum insulator 20C used in the second insulating layer 302 is basically the same as the vacuum insulator 20A described in the first embodiment or the vacuum insulator 20C described in the second embodiment And has the same configuration as the vacuum insulator 20B.

Specifically, the vacuum insulator 20C has a thermal conductivity? Lower than that of the heat insulating panel 40 (foamed styrene) by about 15 times (0.002W / (mK) at 0 占 폚) (22) and is in the form of a panel which is hermetically closed under reduced pressure.

The outer covering material 22 is a laminated sheet 220 composed of a surface protective layer 221, a gas barrier layer 222 and a thermal welding layer 223 as described above. For example, the surface protection layer 221 is a nylon film having a thickness of 35 탆, the gas barrier layer 222 is an aluminum foil having a thickness of 7 탆, Layer 223 is a low-density polyethylene film having a thickness of 50 mu m, and a laminate film of a three-layer structure obtained by laminating these layers.

The specific constitution of the core 21 is also not particularly limited, and examples thereof include those obtained by firing a glass fiber having an average fiber length of 4 占 퐉. Also, the specific constitution of the adsorbent 23 is not particularly limited, and it may be a gas adsorbent mainly composed of calcium oxide or a gas adsorbent composed of ZSM-5 type zeolite as described above. It is preferable that the ZSM-5 type zeolite has a constitution in which at least 50% or more of copper sites of the ZSM-5 type zeolite are copper monovalent sites and at least 50% of the copper monovalent sites are copper monovalent sites of oxygen three coordinates Do. As described above, the use of a gas adsorbent that increases the proportion of copper monovalent sites in the three-coordinate system of oxygen improves the nitrogen adsorption characteristics at room temperature, and thus the adsorption amount of air can be greatly improved. The shape of the adsorbent 23 is not particularly limited, but if it is in the form of a powder, the surface area becomes large and the adsorption performance can be improved.

The method of manufacturing the vacuum insulator 20C is not particularly limited, but the following process can be employed, for example. First, two sheets of the laminated sheet 220 (outer covering material 22) having the above-described structure are overlapped so that the thermal welding layers 223 are opposed to each other, and the periphery is welded except for a part. The core member 21 and the adsorbent 23 are sealed from the non-welded portion (opening portion) and the pressure is reduced to weld the opening portion. Thereby, the welded portion and the outer portion thereof are constituted as the sealing portion 24 in which the core material 21 does not exist inside and the outer covering materials 22 are welded to each other. Inside the welded portion, Area.

The adsorbent 23 is sealed as an enclosed container in the inside of the outside material 22 but after the opening portion of the outside material 22 is welded and the pressure-reducing sealing is completed, external force is applied from the outside of the outside material 22 The container is opened by giving. As a result, the adsorbent 23 can adsorb the gas inside the vacuum insulator 20C (decompressed adiabatic region).

Here, as described above, the vacuum heat insulating material 20C is provided with the penetrating portion 27 for fastening the fastening member 13 thereto. As shown in Fig. 11, the penetrating portion 27 is formed as a portion including a through hole penetrating the vacuum insulator 20C. As described above, on the inner periphery of the penetrating portion 27, there is provided a welded layer 28 in which the outer covering materials 22 of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C are in close contact with each other, as shown in Fig. Since the weld material layer 28 does not include the core material 21, it has substantially the same structure as the sealing portion 24.

The size of the penetrating portion 27 in the vacuum insulator 20C, that is, the diameter of the through hole, is not particularly limited and can be suitably set according to all conditions. For example, the size of the bolt head portion 13b of the fastening member 13 (or the flange that the bolt head portion 13b may have), the thickness of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C, the width of the deposited layer 28 .

The position of the penetrating portion 27 in the vacuum insulating material 20C is not particularly limited but may be as long as possible as long as possible on the wide surface of the vacuum insulating material 20C. As shown in Fig. Thus, when fixing the vacuum heat insulating material 20C to the heat insulating panel 40, the stress applied to the vacuum insulating material 20C can be dispersed. Therefore, the deformation of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C can be suppressed, and the deterioration of the heat insulating performance and deterioration of the outer covering material 22 can be avoided or alleviated. The bolt head portion 13b of the fastening member 13 (or the flange that may be provided by the bolt head portion 13b) is fixed to the vacuum insulator The position of the penetrating portion 27 may be set so as not to protrude from the outer edge of the outer circumferential surface 20C. This prevents the penetrating portion 27 from being provided near the outer periphery of the vacuum insulator 20C.

As described above, the vacuum heat insulating material 20C in this embodiment basically has the same structure as the vacuum heat insulating material 20A or the vacuum heat insulating material 20B described above. However, as shown in Fig. 13, And a filler / heat insulating material 14 may be provided on at least a part of the outer surface. The specific constitution of the filler / heat insulating material 14 is not particularly limited, but microfine glass fibers having a diameter of less than 1 탆 can be cited. Such a micro glass fiber is flexible, is rich in stretchability, and can realize good heat insulation. The specific constitution of the filler / heat insulating material 14 is not limited to micro glass fiber, and a flexible and stretchable material such as a soft urethane, a phenol foam, a hard urethane foam and the like can be appropriately selected and used. Particularly, the phenol foam or the hard urethane foam is preferable because it is possible to select a substance close to the coefficient of linear expansion of the container body 300.

In the vacuum heat insulating material 20C shown in Fig. 13, the fill heat insulating material 14 is provided on the entire surface thereof, but it may be provided at least in the gap of the abutted portion between the end portions of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C. As a result, it is possible to suppress or prevent the inflow of the external heat from the abutting portion or the leakage of the cold heat from the abutting portion.

Further, since the ZSM-5 type zeolite is a non-combustible gas adsorbent as described above, the use of the combustible material as the adsorbent 23 can be avoided. Thus, even if a combustible gas such as LNG enters the vacuum insulator 20C due to aged deterioration or the like, the risk of ignition or the like can be effectively avoided and the stability and explosion resistance of the vacuum insulator 20C Can be made good. Further, since the vacuum insulator 20C uses inorganic fibers as the core 21, the flame retardancy can be improved as compared with the case using organic fibers. Therefore, the flame retardancy of the heat insulating container 153 itself can be improved.

[Holding of LNG by Insulating Tank]

The heat insulating container 153 having the above structure is constituted by the first heat insulating layer 301 (the heat insulating panel 40) disposed on the outer side of the container body 300 and the second heat insulating layer 302 (the vacuum heat insulating material 20C), in which the LNG is held at a low temperature. Here, the vacuum heat insulating material 20C is fixed to the heat insulating panel 40 by the fastening member 13 (bolt). At this time, since the bolt shaft portion 13a is screwed and fastened to the fastening hole 41 of the heat insulating panel 40, the welded layer 28 around the penetrating portion 27 is fastened to the fastening member 13 Bolt head portion 13b of the bolt.

With this configuration, the vacuum heat insulating material 20C can be fixed to the heat insulating panel 40 by the penetrating portion 27 without being integrated with the heat insulating panel 40. [ Therefore, for example, it is possible to prevent deformation of the board due to a difference in heat shrinkage, such as a board in which the resin heat insulating material and the vacuum heat insulating material are integrated. This makes it possible to suppress or avoid the occurrence of gaps in the heat insulating layer due to the warpage deformation, so that deterioration of the heat insulating performance of the heat insulating structure 154 can be suppressed.

In addition, since the outer covering material 22 of the vacuum insulating material 20C is not stretched and contracted by the integral resin insulating material, deterioration of the outer covering material 22 can be suppressed well. Therefore, even if heat shrinkage occurs repeatedly in the heat insulating panel 40 due to a change in the use environment, it is avoided that the outer covering material 22 of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C repeatedly stretches and shrinks due to the heat shrinkage to cause cracking. As a result, since the heat insulating property of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C can be maintained favorably over a long period of time, the reliability of the heat insulating container 153 can be improved.

In addition, the heat insulating panel 40 constituting the first heat insulating layer 301 is made of foamed styrol. This makes it possible to reduce the deviation of the ultra-low temperature conduction over the entire area of the first heat insulating layer 301 even if the ultra-low temperature conduction (leaking amount of ultra-low temperature) occurs from the low-temperature material (LNG or the like) As a result, the temperature distribution on the outer surface of the first heat insulating layer 301 also has a relatively small variation. As a result, the temperature distribution of the second heat insulating layer 302 in contact with the first heat insulating layer 301 can be set to a state in which the deviation is small and can be regarded as approximately equal.

Therefore, in the vacuum heat insulator 20C constituting the second heat insulating layer 302, the deviation of the heat shrinkage of the outer shell material 22 due to the unevenness of the temperature distribution is suppressed, so that the crack due to the deviation of the heat shrinkage can be effectively suppressed . As a result, the heat insulating property of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C can be maintained favorably over a longer period of time.

In other words, since the vacuum insulator 20C is disposed on the outer surface of the first heat insulating layer 301, the distance from the low temperature material such as LNG to the vacuum insulator 20C can be regarded as almost the same throughout the whole region. Therefore, it can be considered that the cryogenic conduction from the low-temperature material to the vacuum insulator 20C (leak amount at a very low temperature) is almost the same throughout the entire second insulator layer 302. [ As a result, it can be seen that the temperature distribution of the surface of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C that is in contact with the first heat insulating layer 301 is substantially the same. Therefore, it is possible to effectively suppress the deviation in the temperature distribution of the outer covering material 22 of the vacuum insulating material 20C, so that the deviation of the degree of expansion and contraction of the outer covering material 22 can be suppressed, It is possible to greatly reduce the degree of occurrence of cracks in the substrate.

In this embodiment, since the outer side of the first heat insulating layer 301 is covered with the vacuum heat insulating material 20C, deviation of the surface temperature of the first heat insulating layer 301 due to environmental conditions can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to further suppress the occurrence of cracks of the outer covering material 22 of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C in contact with the first heat insulating layer 301.

Further, the end portions of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C are filled with the filling heat insulating material 14 such as micro glass fiber. As described above, since the micro glass fiber is flexible and rich in elasticity, even if a slight expansion or contraction of the vacuum heat insulator 20C occurs due to the cold or warm of the outside air, the filling insulator 14 can be stretched have. As a result, it is possible to effectively restrain cracks and the like of the outer covering material 22 caused by restraining the elongation and contraction of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C, so that good heat insulating performance can be ensured over a long period of time.

In this embodiment, the heat conductivity? Of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C is about 15 times lower than that of the foamed styrene constituting the first heat insulating layer 301 (the heat insulating panel 40). Therefore, the present invention including the second heat insulating layer 302 made of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C can greatly improve the heat insulating performance, as compared with the structure in which the heat insulating structure 154 is made of only the first heat insulating layer 301. [

In addition, the vacuum heat insulating material 20C can sufficiently block the outside heat by taking advantage of the high heat insulating performance. Therefore, the atmosphere temperature in the inside of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C, that is, the portion where the first heat insulating layer 301 is provided is significantly lowered, so that the heat insulating effect of the first heat insulating layer 301 itself can be relatively improved . Therefore, the heat insulating performance of the heat insulating structure 154 can be made extremely high by the synergetic effect of the high heat insulating effect of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C itself and the relative adiabatic hardening of the first heat insulating layer 301. [

The vacuum insulator 20C is constituted such that the core member 21 having ventilation is vacuum-sealed with the envelope 22 made of a laminated film and the sealing portion 24 is formed on the side of the first heat insulating layer 301 I'm folding it. Therefore, occurrence of thermal leakage through the sealing portion 24 having no core material 21 inside can be effectively suppressed. Therefore, in addition to the adiabatic effect sufficiently taking advantage of the adiabatic effect of the vacuum insulator 20C, the adiabatic effect of lowering the atmospheric temperature of the first adiabatic layer 301 can be efficiently exerted. This makes it possible to drastically improve the heat insulating performance of the heat insulating structure 154.

In this embodiment, since the core material 21 of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C is made of inorganic fibers, the second heat insulating layer 302 can function as the hardened layer. Therefore, even if a fire occurs from the outside, it becomes possible to suppress the fire from being burned into the heat insulating container 153 by the heat insulating structure 154. [

In this embodiment, the vacuum heat insulating material 20C is arranged in a row on the outermost wall side of the heat insulating container 153. [ Therefore, it is possible to avoid an increase in the number of vacuum insulators 20C used compared to the conventional configuration (a configuration in which the vacuum insulator and the heat insulating panel are disposed in parallel and then the vacuum insulator overlaps the seam). As a result, it is possible to reduce the material and manufacturing cost of the heat insulating container 153.

In the present embodiment, not only the deformation of the second heat insulating layer 302 due to the low-temperature heat conduction inside the spherical tank 150 is suppressed, but also the deformation of the vacuum insulating material 20C resulting from the change in the environmental condition on the outer surface side Can also be suppressed. For example, when the spherical tank 150 is irradiated with daylight, heat distribution unevenness tends to occur in the sunken portion and the silent portion. In the case of the conventional board type heat insulator (a board in which the resin heat insulator and the vacuum heat insulator are integrated), the thermal expansion and contraction degree of the vacuum heat insulator and the resin insulator are partially changed due to the heat distribution unevenness originating from daylight. Therefore, the aforementioned bending deformation is liable to occur on the board, but in the present embodiment, deformation caused by such daylight can also be suppressed.

(Embodiment 5)

In the fourth embodiment, the first heat insulating layer 301 constituting the heat insulating structure 154 is composed of the single-layer heat insulating panel 40, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the fifth embodiment, The first heat insulating layer 301 is composed of two or more heat insulating panels 40.

14, the basic constitution is the same as that of the heat insulating structure 154 described in the fourth embodiment, except that the first heat insulating layer 301 is composed of the housing side layer 301a (Two or more layers) of the outer layer 301b and the outer layer 301b. In this embodiment, the heat insulating panel 40 constituting the housing side layer 301a and the heat insulating panel 40 constituting the outside layer 301b are also made of the same kind of material. However, .

The heat insulating panel 40 constituting the outer layer 301b constitutes the housing side layer 301a when the heat insulating panel 40 of a different kind from the housing side layer 301a and the outer layer 301b is used. It is preferable that the thermal conductivity is lower than that of the heat insulating panel 40. [ This can lower the temperature of the housing-side layer 301a because the heat insulating performance of the outer layer 301b becomes higher than the heat insulating performance of the housing-side layer 301a. Therefore, the heat insulating effect of the first heat insulating layer 301 can be improved Can be improved.

The first insulating layer 301 is formed on the outer surface of the container body 300 of the heat insulating container 153 by stacking the housing side layer 301a and the outer layer 301b. Therefore, even if the ultra-low temperature is leaked from the low-temperature material stored in the container body 300, it is necessary to go through the two-layer heat insulating panel 40. Therefore, it is possible to remarkably reduce leakage that the ultra-low temperature is conducted to the vacuum insulator 20C and leaked.

As a result, it is possible to effectively suppress the low temperature embrittlement of the outer covering material 22 of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C due to leakage at a very low temperature from the low temperature material. As a result, crack deterioration of the outer covering material 22 can be effectively suppressed, so that the heat insulating performance of the heat insulating structure 154 can be effectively held for a longer period of time.

In other words, in the above configuration, the first heat insulating layer 301 interposed between the container main body 300 and the vacuum heat insulating material 20C is divided into the case-side heat insulating panel 40 and the outside heat insulating panel 40 . Therefore, an air layer is formed between the two heat insulating panels 40, so that the material continuity of the first heat insulating layer 301 is cut off. That is, when the heat insulating panel 40 is made of foamed styrol, the first insulating layer 301 has a two-layered structure of foamed styrol, so that there is no continuity in the thickness direction of the layer as compared with the foamed styrol layer having a single layer structure . Thus, it is possible to reduce the leakage amount at a very low temperature. As a result, the low temperature embrittlement of the outer covering material 22 of the vacuum insulating material 20C can be more effectively suppressed, and crack deterioration due to low temperature embrittlement can effectively be avoided.

The basic structure of the heat insulating structure 154 shown in Fig. 15 is the same as that of the heat insulating structure 154 shown in Fig. 14 described above. However, the heat insulating structure 154 shown in Fig. , And further a third insulating layer 303 is provided. The heat insulating material 42 constituting the third heat insulating layer 303 may be the same kind of material as the heat insulating panel 40 constituting the first heat insulating layer 301 or may be another material.

The heat insulating material 42 may be formed into a panel shape, for example, like the heat insulating panel 40, and may be mounted on the second heat insulating layer 302 by a known method. For example, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which a hot melt adhesive is applied to a substantially central portion of the panel-shaped heat insulating material 42 and adhered and attached to the outer surface of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C.

According to the above configuration, since the heat insulating effect of the third heat insulating layer 303 is added in addition to the first heat insulating layer 301 and the second heat insulating layer 302, the vacuum heat insulating material 20C constituting the second heat insulating layer 302, It is possible to lower the temperature of the outside of the apparatus. This not only improves the heat insulating performance of the second heat insulating layer 302 but also further suppresses the variation in the temperature distribution of the surface of the second heat insulating layer 302 and the surface of the first heat insulating layer 301 A new uniformity of the temperature distribution can be achieved. Therefore, it is possible to more effectively suppress the occurrence of cracks in the outer covering material 22 of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C due to the temperature distribution irregularity of the first insulating layer 301, so that the heat insulating performance of the heat insulating structure 154 can be effectively I can do it.

The basic structure of the heat insulating structure 154 shown in Fig. 16 is the same as that of the heat insulating structure 154 shown in Fig. 14 or 15 described above. However, the vacuum insulating material 20C constituting the second heat insulating layer 302 The sealing portions 24 of the adjacent vacuum heat insulating materials 20C are arranged so as to overlap with each other without being folded into the side of the first heat insulating layer 301 on the low temperature side (inside). The position at which the sealing portion 24 is superimposed may be the inside (the first insulating layer 301 side or the container main body 300 side) as shown by the left broken line in Fig. 16, (On the surface layer side or the outer surface side) as shown by the broken line in Fig.

With such a configuration, it is possible to suppress the generation of heat bridges in which the heat returns to the first heat insulating layer 301 by including the sealing portion 24, although the structure of the heat insulating structure 154 is included. As a result, the heat insulating performance of the heat insulating structure 154 can be further improved.

(Embodiment 6)

17 and 18, spacers 15 and 16 are disposed in the sixth embodiment in order to fill the gap of the penetration portion 27 of the vacuum insulator 20C.

17, a spacer 15 is interposed between the heat-insulating panel 40 and the weld layer 28 of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C constituting the second heat insulating layer 302. For example, in the structure shown in Fig. The weld layer 28 is pressed by the bolt head portion 13b of the fastening member 13 so that the bolt head portion 13b, the weld deposit layer 28, And the spacer 15 in this order.

18, a spacer 16 is interposed between the bolt head portion 13b and the deposition layer 28 in addition to the structure shown in Fig. Therefore, in the penetrating portion 27, the bolt head portion 13b, the spacer 16, the weld deposit layer 28, and the spacer 15 are sequentially superimposed in sequence from the top.

The specific constitution of the spacers 15 and 16 is not particularly limited, and may be a material having heat insulating performance such as foamed styrene or polyurethane foam.

The gap between the welded layer 28 and the heat insulating panel 40 or the gap between the bolted head portion 13b and the welded layer 28 is filled with the gap formed in the penetrating portion 27, . As a result, it is possible to restrain the air from staying in the gap in the vicinity of the deposition layer 28 in the penetration portion 27, and the heat insulating performance of the second heat insulation layer 302 can be further improved. In addition, by covering the gap of the penetration portion 27, the planarity of the entire vacuum heat insulator 20C including the penetration portion 27 can be improved.

As described above, in the heat insulating container 153 according to the fourth to sixth embodiments, the second heat insulating layer 302 made of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C is disposed outside the first heat insulating layer 301 made of the heat insulating panel 40, A penetration portion 27 is provided in the vacuum insulator 20C and the welding layer 28 around the penetration portion 27 is pressed against the bolt head portion 13b of the fastening member 13, 13a are fixed to the heat insulating panel 40. As a result, the heat insulating performance of the heat insulating structure 154 can be dramatically improved and the high heat insulating performance can be kept for a long period of time.

It is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the present embodiment, but may be modified in various ways within the scope of attaining the object of the present invention. For example, in the present embodiment, the rectangular tank 150 of the LNG transport tanker 100B is exemplified as the heat insulating container 153. However, the present invention is not limited to the LNG tank of the land- Or a low-temperature storage container used for industrial use. The substance to be preserved is not particularly limited, and it may be a substance such as liquid hydrogen or the like which is lower than the normal temperature by 100 DEG C or more.

The heat insulating container according to any of the fourth to sixth embodiments also includes the following exemplary structures. That is, the present invention is a heat insulating container for holding a low-temperature substance, wherein the heat insulating container has a heat insulating layer disposed on the outer side of the container housing, the heat insulating layer includes a first heat insulating layer disposed on the container housing side, Wherein the low-temperature material is stored at a temperature lower than the normal temperature by 100 DEG C or more, and the second heat insulating layer is a vacuum heat-insulating material that stores the core material in a bag and is sealed under reduced pressure, May be provided.

According to the above configuration, it is possible to fix the vacuum heat insulator to the first heat insulating layer through the penetration portion without integrating the vacuum insulator with the rigid polyurethane foam to form a board. This makes it possible to prevent deformation of the integrated board due to the difference in heat shrinkage between the rigid polyurethane foam and the vacuum insulating material. It is also possible to prevent deterioration of the heat insulating performance resulting from the occurrence of a gap between the heat insulating layers due to deformation of the board. Further, deterioration of the outer bag due to elongation and contraction due to tension of the outer bag of the vacuum insulator can be prevented.

In the heat-insulating container having the above-described construction, the peripheries of the through-holes may be formed of a welded layer in which the shells are in close contact with each other. This makes it possible to fix the vacuum insulating material to the first heat insulating layer at the portion of the deposition layer. Therefore, it is possible to fix the vacuum heat insulating material without damaging the core material, and the deterioration of the heat insulating performance can be further prevented.

In the heat-insulating container having the above-described construction, the vacuum heat insulating material may be fixed by pressing the welding layer in which the sheath members are closely attached to each other around the penetrating portion with the bolt head portion. This makes it possible to fix the vacuum insulating material without damaging the core material, and to fix the vacuum insulating material without damaging the deposited layer. Therefore, deterioration of the heat insulating performance and deterioration of the outer bag can be further prevented.

In the heat insulating container having the above-described construction, the bolt may have a length that does not reach the container housing. As a result, it is possible to suppress the heat bridge that transfers the heat of the outside air to the container housing through the bolts. Therefore, the heat insulating performance can be improved.

In the heat insulating container having the above structure, the penetrating portion may be formed in a circular shape. As a result, the stress applied to the penetrating portion can be relaxed as compared with the case where the penetrating portion is formed of a polygonal shape. Therefore, deterioration of the heat insulating performance and deterioration of the outer bag can be further prevented.

In the heat insulating container having the above-described construction, the bolt head portion may not be protruded from the outer edge of the vacuum heat insulating material. As a result, the penetrating portion is provided near the center of the vacuum insulator. Therefore, the stress applied to the vacuum insulator at the time of fixing can be dispersed. As a result, since the deformation of the vacuum insulator can be further prevented, deterioration of the heat insulating performance and deterioration of the outer bag can be further prevented.

(Seventh Embodiment)

The heat insulating container according to any of the above-described Embodiments 1 to 6 can be used as a heat exchanger in the inboard vessel 110 provided in the LNG transport tanker 100A shown in Fig. 1, or in the rectangular tank 100 provided in the LNG transport tanker 100B shown in Fig. (150), but the present invention is not limited thereto. In the seventh embodiment, for example, an LNG tank installed on the land as shown in Figs. 19 to 21 is exemplified.

Fig. 19 shows a conventional LNG tank 120. Fig. In the ground type LNG tank 120, a tank body having a double " adiabatic structure " is provided inside the concrete structure 121, and the upper surface of the tank body is sealed by the roof portion 122. The tank main body has a laminated structure of an inner tank 123, an inner insulating layer 124, an outer tank 125 and an outer insulating layer 126 sequentially from the inner side. The inner tank 123 and the inner insulating layer 124 Quot; adiabatic bath structure " is constituted by the outer bath 125 and the outer heat insulating layer 126. The outer bath < / RTI >

The concrete structure 121 is composed of, for example, a prestressed concrete, and is installed on the ground surface 50. The concrete structure 121 is a support for supporting the structure of the tank body of the ground type LNG tank 120. However, when the tank body is broken, the concrete structure 121 also functions as a barrier for preventing leakage of the LNG inside.

The inner tank 123 is, for example, a pressure-resistant tightening structure made of a steel material for low temperature, and the outer tank 125 is a steel structure made of, for example, The inner heat insulating layer 124 sandwiched between the inner tank 123 and the outer tank 125 is made of a foam such as pearlite. On the other hand, the outer heat insulating layer 126 sandwiched between the concrete structure 121 and the outer tank 125 is provided on the heat insulating panel 10 (Figs. 5A and 5B or Figs. 6A and 6B) described in the first or second embodiment . Alternatively, although not shown, the outer heat insulating layer 126 may be composed of the heat insulating structure 154 described in the fourth to sixth embodiments.

The roof portion 122 is substantially integrated with the tank main body in the present embodiment. Therefore, like the tank main body, the roof part 122 is composed of the inner tank 123, the inner heat insulating layer 124, the outer tank 125, and the outer heat insulating layer 126 (i.e., the heat insulating panel 10). In Fig. 19, the heat insulating panel 10 which is the outer heat insulating layer 126 is exposed as it is, but a protective layer for protecting the heat insulating panel 10 may be separately laminated.

20 shows an underground LNG tank 130. As shown in FIG. This ground type LNG tank 130 is also provided with a tank body having a double "heat insulating structure" inside the concrete structure 131 like the ground type LNG tank 120, 132, respectively. The tank main body has a laminated structure of a membrane inner tank 133, an inner heat insulating layer 134, a membrane outer tank 135 and an outer insulating layer 136 sequentially from the inside and includes a membrane inner tank 133 and an inner heat insulating layer 134 Quot; heat insulating bath structure " is constituted by the membrane outer tank 135 and the outer heat insulating layer 136. As shown in Fig.

Like the concrete structure 121 of the ground type LNG tank 120, the concrete structure 131 is made of, for example, a prestressed concrete, and most of the concrete structure 131 is located under the ground 50, Respectively. The concrete structure 131 serves as a support for supporting the structure of the tank main body of the underground LNG tank 130 and also functions as a barrier for preventing the leakage of the LNG against the breakage of the tank main body.

Like the primary membrane 113 and the secondary membrane 115 of the in-vessel tank 110 according to the first embodiment, the inner membrane tank 133 and the outer membrane tank 135 are provided so as not to leak Is a metal film which functions as a " bath "

The inner heat insulating layer 134 sandwiched between the membrane inner tank 133 and the membrane outer tank 135 is made of a foam such as pearlite in the same manner as the inner heat insulating layer 134 of the ground type LNG tank 120 . The outer heat insulating layer 136 sandwiched between the concrete structure 131 and the membrane outer tank 135 is formed by the heat insulating panel 10 (Figs. 5A and 5B or Figs. 6A and 6B) described in the first embodiment . Alternatively, although not shown, the outer heat insulating layer 126 may be composed of the heat insulating structure 154 described in the fourth to sixth embodiments.

Since the roof portion 132 is formed separately from the tank main body in the present embodiment, the outermost layer of the roof portion 132, like the roof portion 122 of the ground type LNG tank 120, The heat insulating material 33 is provided in the inside of the roof part 132. In this case, The fibrous heat insulating material 33 is, for example, an inorganic fiber used as the core 21 of the vacuum heat insulating materials 20A to 20C. 20, the heat insulating panel 10 as the outer heat insulating layer 136 is exposed as it is, but a protective layer for protecting the heat insulating panel 10 may be separately laminated.

Fig. 21 shows a ground type LNG tank 160 different from the type shown in Fig. This ground type LNG tank 160 includes a rectangular heat insulating container 164 similar to the rectangular tank 150 exemplified in the third or fourth embodiment as the tank main body. Is supported on the paper surface (50) by a support structure (161). The supporting structure portion 161 is constituted by a plurality of struts 162 provided on the ground surface 50 in the vertical direction and a brace 163 provided between the struts 162. However, It does not.

The heat insulating container 164 is provided with a container housing 166 for holding a low temperature material and a heat insulating structure 165 provided outside the container housing 166. The specific configuration of the container housing 166 and the heat insulating structure 165 is the same as that described in the fourth to sixth embodiments. In particular, the heat insulating structure 165 has the structure of any one of the fourth to sixth embodiments, It is possible to suitably adopt a configuration in which the configuration of the shape is suitably combined.

As described above, the heat-insulating container according to the present invention is characterized in that it comprises a first vessel having therein a fluid-retaining space for holding fluid therein, a first heat-insulating layer provided on the outer side of the first vessel, Is a double "heat insulating structure" having a second heat insulating layer provided on the outer side of the second set and a second heat insulating layer disposed on the outermost side of the second heat insulating layer, do.

Specifically, in the inboard vessel 110 according to the first embodiment, the hull 111 is housed in the vessel housing, the primary membrane 113 is placed in the first row, the primary heat-radiating box 114 is placed in the first heat- The concrete structure bodies 121 and 131 correspond to the vessel housing and the inner tank 123 or the inner membrane tank 115 corresponds to the second heat insulating box 116 and the second heat insulating box 116 corresponds to the second heat insulating layer. The inner insulating layer 124 or 134 corresponds to the first insulating layer and the outer tub 125 or the membrane outer tub 135 corresponds to the second tubular member and the outer insulating layer 126 or 136 corresponds to the second insulating layer, .

Like the first embodiment, the second heat insulating layer may be constituted by the secondary heat dissipating box 116 and the heat insulating panel 10. However, as in the present embodiment, the second heat insulating layer is composed only of the heat insulating panel 10 . Conversely, also in the in-vessel tank 110 according to the first embodiment, the second heat insulating layer may be composed of only the heat insulating panel 10, and the ground type LNG tank 120 according to the present embodiment may be constituted as long as it meets the requirements of the IGC code. Alternatively, in the underground LNG tank 130, the second heat insulating layer may be formed by using the heat insulating panel 10 in combination with another heat insulating material.

Further, in the present invention, if a structure for supporting the structure of the tank body (or the load of the LNG as the content) is provided on the outer side of the tank body, at least one of the first and second tanks, .

For example, in the first embodiment, since the ship 111 exists on the outside of the in-vessel tank 110, the first and second vessels are all made of a membrane material. Further, in the present embodiment, since the concrete structure 131 is embedded in the basement in the underground LNG tank 130, the first and second tanks are all made of a membrane material.

Also, in the ground type LNG tank 120, if the concrete structure 121 can support the load of the tank body and the LNG, and satisfies various requirements or legal regulations regarding the storage of the LNG, At least one of the two groups may be a membrane material. Alternatively, in the underground LNG tank 130, the second tank may be a "tank" (for example, similar to the outer tank 125 of the ground type LNG tank 120) instead of a membrane material .

(Embodiment 8)

In all of Embodiments 1 to 7, the fluid to be held in the heat insulating container is LNG, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the fluid may be one which is held at a temperature lower than the normal temperature by 100 deg. In Embodiment 8, hydrogen gas is exemplified as a fluid other than LNG. An example of a hydrogen tank for liquefying hydrogen gas is described in detail with reference to Fig.

As shown in Fig. 22, the hydrogen tank 140 according to the present embodiment is a container type and basically includes the in-vessel tank 110 described in the first embodiment, or the ground type LNG described in the second embodiment And has the same configuration as the tank 120 or the underground LNG tank 130. That is, the hydrogen tank 140 includes an inner tank 143 and an outer tank 145 in a frame-shaped rough support 141. An inner heat insulating layer 144 is interposed between the inner tank 143 and the outer tank 145, And an outer heat insulating layer 146 is provided on the outer side of the outer tub 145.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the crude support 141 is placed in the container housing, the inner tank 143 is placed in the first set, the inner heat insulating layer 144 is set in the first heat insulating layer, the outer tank 145 is set in the second set, 146 correspond to the second heat insulating layer. Like the outer heat insulating layers 126 and 136 in the second embodiment, the external heat insulating layer 146, which is the second heat insulating layer, may be composed of the heat insulating panel 10. [ The external heat insulating layer 146 may be composed only of the heat insulating panel 10 and may be formed by using the heat insulating panel 10 in combination with another heat insulating material like the secondary heat insulating box 116 in the first embodiment. .

As the internal heat insulating layer 144, for example, a laminated heat insulating material obtained by laminating a plurality of membrane materials having a metal material such as aluminum deposited on a substrate is used. Further, the inner heat insulating layer 144 functions as a " laminated vacuum insulating material " by keeping the depressurized state between the inner tank 143 and the outer tank 145. In the present embodiment, the above-described heat insulating panel 10 may be used in place of the internal heat insulating layer 144. In this case, both the first heat insulating layer and the second heat insulating layer include the heat insulating panel 10 formed using the vacuum heat insulating material 20A or 20B. Alternatively, the heat insulating structure 154 described in the fourth to sixth embodiments may be employed.

The specific configuration of the crude tank 141, the inner tank 143, and the outer tank 145 is not particularly limited, and various known configurations can be employed. The present invention is not limited to the container type configuration shown in Fig. 22, and may be the inboard type described in the first embodiment, the on-land type tank described in the second embodiment, or other types of tanks.

Generally, liquefied hydrogen (liquid hydrogen) is a cryogenic liquid at -253 ° C, and its evaporation easiness is about 10 times that of LNG. Therefore, in order to obtain an evaporation loss level equivalent to that of LNG for liquefied hydrogen, it is necessary to further improve the heat insulating performance (low thermal conductivity) of the heat insulating material. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, since the above-described heat insulating panel 10 is used for the second heat insulating layer (external heat insulating layer 146), the high temperature deterioration of the hydrogen tank 140 can be further improved.

Further, in the present invention, the fluid to be held in the heat insulating container is not limited to LNG or hydrogen gas, and may have any fluidity at a temperature lower than the normal temperature by 100 ° C or more. Examples of fluids other than LNG and hydrogen gas include liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), other hydrocarbon gases, and combustible gases containing them. Or a compound which is transported by a chemical tanker or the like and needs to be held at a temperature lower than the normal temperature by 100 ° C or more. The normal temperature may be within the range of 20 占 폚 占 5 占 폚 (within the range of 15 占 폚 to 25 占 폚).

It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the description of each embodiment described above and that various changes can be made within the scope of the claims and technical means disclosed in other embodiments and modifications The present invention is not limited thereto.

Example

The present invention will be described more specifically based on examples, comparative examples and reference examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, and alterations without departing from the scope of the present invention.

(Calculation method of average heat conduction ratio)

The thermal conductivity of each heat insulating layer constituting the heat insulating structure in the heat insulating container of the following comparative example or example was measured according to JIS A 1412, ASTM C 518, and ISO 8301 by EKO Instruments Co (Product No. HC-074-300 or HC-074-066) manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.). At this time, the internal temperature of the heat insulating container was set to -160 ° C, and the external temperature was set to 25 ° C. The average heat conduction rate of the heat insulating structure was calculated by area weighted average from the obtained thermal conductivity and the thickness of each heat insulating layer.

(Example 1)

The heat insulating structure 153 having the first heat insulating layer 301 and the second heat insulating layer 302 is provided outside the rectangular container housing 300 made of aluminum. . The heat insulating panel 40 made of foamed styrol is used as the first heat insulating layer 301 and the vacuum insulating material 20C having the constitution described in the fourth embodiment is used as the second heat insulating layer 302 among the respective heat insulating layers of the heat insulating structure 154 ). Table 1 shows the thickness T of the entire heat insulating structure 154, the thickness t1 of the first heat insulating layer 301 and the thickness t2 of the second heat insulating layer 302. [ The average heat conduction rate of the heat insulating container 153 was calculated by the above method. Table 1 shows the results of the calculation of the average heat transfer rate, the evaluation results of the heat insulating performance based on Comparative Example 1 to be described later, and the ratio of the thickness based on Comparative Example 1.

(Comparative Example 1)

A comparative thermal insulating container was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the comparative thermal insulating structure without the second insulating layer 302 was provided outside the container housing 300. In the comparative thermal insulating structure, the total thickness of the heat insulating structural body 154 was the same as that in the first embodiment. The thicknesses (T, t1 and t2) in the comparative insulating structure are shown in Table 1. The average heat conduction rate of the comparative heat insulating container was calculated by the above method. Table 1 shows the calculation results of the average heat conduction rate. In addition, since Comparative Example 1 is a criterion for evaluating the heat insulating performance and the thickness, Table 1 lists the results of the evaluation of the heat insulating performance and the results of the ratio of the thickness as "1.00 ".

(Example 2)

A heat insulating container 153 of Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the first heat insulating layer 301 was reduced. The second embodiment was carried out in order to evaluate to what extent the thickness of the entire heat insulating structure 154 can be reduced in the same heat insulating performance as in the first comparative example. Table 1 also shows the thicknesses (T, t1 and t2) of the heat insulating structure 154 of the second embodiment. The average heat conduction rate of the heat insulating container 153 was calculated by the above method. Table 1 shows the calculation results of the average heat conduction rate, the results of the evaluation of the heat insulating performance based on the comparative example 1, and the ratio of the thickness based on the comparative example 1.

Thickness of insulation layer and result [unit] Comparative Example 1 Example 1 Example 2 Thickness T [mm] of the heat insulating structure 400 400 250 The total thickness t1 [mm] of the first heat insulating layer and the second heat insulating layer 400 380 230 Thickness t2 [mm] of the third heat insulating layer 0 20 20 Average heat conduction rate [W / m < 2 > K] 0.061 0.044 0.061 The ratio of insulation performance 1.00 1.28 1.00 The ratio of the thickness of the heat insulating structure 1.00 1.00 0.63

(Contrast of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1)

As shown in Table 1, the heat insulating structure 154 of Example 1 had an average heat conduction rate lower than that of the comparative heat insulating structure, and the heat insulating performance was improved by 28%. In addition, the thermal insulation structure 154 of Example 2 could reduce the total thickness by 37%, despite the same heat insulation performance as the comparative thermal insulation structure.

According to the present invention, when the thickness of the first heat insulating layer 301 is significantly reduced and the thickness of the vacuum heat insulating material 20C is 20 mm, the thickness of the first heat insulating layer 301 can be reduced by 170 mm. Therefore, it is possible to increase the volume of the heat insulating container 153 that only reduces the thickness of the first heat insulating layer 301. [ Therefore, when the present invention is used, for example, as the spherical tank 150 of the LNG transport tanker 100B using the boil-off gas of LNG as the fuel, the amount of LNG used can be suppressed, have. In addition, in the LNG transport tanker 100B of the type in which the boil-off gas of the LNG is re-liquefied, the energy loss for re-liquefaction can be reduced.

(Example 3)

The total thickness of the first heat insulating layer 301 constituted by the heat insulating panel 40 is 300 mm and the thickness of the second heat insulating layer 302 constituted by the vacuum insulating material 20C is 100 mm, And thermal simulation was performed on the heat insulating structure 154 assuming a temperature gradient from the temperature (-162 ° C) of the LNG to the room temperature (25 ° C). The result is shown by the one-dot chain line (I) in Fig.

(Comparative Example 2)

The thermal simulation was carried out in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the second heat insulating layer 302 was not provided and a comparative heat insulating structure constituted by the heat insulating panel 40 having a total thickness of 400 mm was assumed. The results are shown by the broken lines II-II in Fig.

(Contrast of Example 3 and Comparative Example 2)

As is clear from the simulation results of Fig. 23, in the comparative thermal insulating structure of Comparative Example 2, the temperature rises in proportion to the distance from the inner wall surface of the container housing (i.e., the thickness of the heat insulating layer) as shown by the broken line II, 3, the angle of thermal gradient of the heat insulating panel 40 (the first insulating layer 301) is small and the angle of the thermal insulation of the vacuum insulating material 20C (the second insulating layer 302 ) Is large. Therefore, according to the present invention, the ambient temperature of the region where the first heat insulating layer 301 (the heat insulating panel 40) is present can be lowered by the heat insulating performance of the second heat insulating layer 302. [ Since the heat transfer of the first heat insulating layer 301 itself is also reduced (the thermal gradient angle of 0 mm to 300 mm of the one-dot chain line I is gentle), the heat insulating property of the first heat insulating layer 301 itself It can be seen that the performance is improving.

In the description above, many modifications and other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the above description should be construed as illustrative only, and is provided for the purpose of teaching those skilled in the art the best mode of carrying out the invention. The details of the structure and / or the function thereof can be substantially changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[Industrial Availability]

The present invention can be widely and highly advantageously used in the field of a heat-insulating container for holding a fluid at a temperature lower than the normal temperature by 100 ° C or more, such as an inboard tank of an LNG transport tanker, an LNG tank installed on the land, or a hydrogen tank.

10: Insulating panel 10a: Surface skin layer
10b: side skin layer 11: foamed resin layer
12: adhesive 13: fastening member
13a: bolt shaft portion
13b: Bolt head portion (flange portion of fastening member)
20: vacuum insulator 21: core material
22: outer covering material (sheath material) 23: adsorbent
24: sealing portion (sealing fillet) 25:
26A: Check valve (expansion relief) 26B: Check valve (expansion relief)
27: penetration part 28: deposition layer
40: Insulation panel 100A: LNG transport tanker
110: inboard tank (heat insulating container) 111: hull (container housing)
113: primary membrane (Article 1, membrane material)
114: primary heat-radiating box (first insulating layer)
115: Secondary membrane (Article 2, membrane material)
116: secondary heat-radiating box (second insulating layer) 120: ground-based LNG tank
121: concrete structure (container housing) 123: inner tank (Article 1)
124: inner side insulating layer (first insulating layer) 125: outer side (Article 2)
126: outer heat insulating layer (second heat insulating layer) 130: underground LNG tank
131: Concrete structure (container housing)
133: Membrane in-tank (Part 1, membrane material)
134: Inner insulating layer (first insulating layer)
135: membrane outer tank (Article 2, membrane material)
136: outer insulating layer (second insulating layer) 140: hydrogen tank
141: crude support (container housing) 143: inner tank (Article 1)
144: inner heat insulating layer (first heat insulating layer) 145: outer tank (Article 2)
146: External insulation layer (second insulation layer) 100B: LNG transportation tanker
150: spherical tank 151: hull
153: adiabatic container 154: adiabatic structure
220: laminated sheet 221: surface protective layer
222: gas barrier layer 223: thermal welding layer
224: Thermal Welding Surface Protective Layer 241: Thin Wall
242:
243: Strength reduction part (expansion relaxation part) 300: Container housing
301: first insulating layer 302: second insulating layer

Claims (17)

A container body having a fluid retaining space therein for retaining fluid at a temperature lower than the normal temperature by 100 占 폚 or more; a heat insulating structure; and a container housing provided outside the heat insulating structure,
Wherein the heat insulating structure is a multilayer structure including a first heat insulating layer and a second heat insulating layer provided outside the first heat insulating layer,
Wherein the second heat insulating layer comprises a heat insulating panel formed using a vacuum heat insulating material,
Wherein the vacuum insulation material comprises a fibrous core material made of an inorganic material and a bag-like outer material having a gas barrier property, and the core material is sealed in a decompression-
Characterized in that the heat insulating panel completely covers the outer covering material of the vacuum insulating material by a foamed resin layer
Insulation container. The method according to claim 1,
Characterized in that the foamed resin layer is formed such that the raw material containing the organic based foaming agent is heated to foam and the organic foaming agent does not remain
Insulation container. The method according to claim 1,
The outer covering material has an opening for decompressing the inside of the bag,
Wherein the opening has an inner surface as a thermal welding layer,
Characterized in that the sealing portion formed by thermal welding of the opening portion includes a plurality of thin thin portions at least in a part of the welded portion between the thermal welding layers
Insulation container. The method of claim 3,
Wherein the sealing portion includes a plurality of thick portions having a thicker thickness of the welded portion in addition to the plurality of thin portions,
And the thick portion and the thin portion are alternately arranged such that the thin portion is positioned between the thick portion
Insulation container. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein
Characterized in that the vacuum insulator and the foamed resin layer constituting the heat insulating panel are adhered to each other by an adhesive agent
Insulation container. A container body having a fluid holding space therein for holding a fluid at a temperature lower than the normal temperature by 100 DEG C or more; a heat insulating structure; and a container housing provided outside the heat insulating structure,
Wherein the heat insulating structure is a multilayer structure including a first heat insulating layer and a second heat insulating layer provided outside the first heat insulating layer,
Wherein the second insulation layer has a vacuum insulation material,
Wherein the vacuum insulation material comprises a fibrous core material made of an inorganic material and a bag-like outer material having a gas barrier property, the core material being sealed in a vacuum-tight state inside the outer material, And an explosion-proof structure for suppressing or preventing abrupt deformation of the battery
Insulation container. The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the vacuum insulator is constituted as a heat insulating panel in which the envelope is completely covered by a foamed resin layer,
The explosion-proof structure is realized by forming the foamed resin layer so that the organic foaming agent does not remain.
Insulation container. The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the vacuum insulation material further comprises an adsorbent which is enclosed in the inside of the outer covering material together with the core material and adsorbs residual gas inside,
Characterized in that the explosion proof structure is realized by a chemisorption type in which the adsorbent chemically adsorbs the residual gas or a non-heat-releasing or chemisorbing type that does not generate heat by adsorption of the residual gas and is non-pyrogenic
Insulation container. The method according to claim 6,
The explosion-proof structure is characterized in that the outer shell is provided with an expansion relief portion for relieving the expansion by allowing the residual gas to escape to the outside when the residual gas expands inside the shell,
Insulation container. 10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the expansion relieving portion is a portion provided in advance on the check valve or the outer covering material provided on the outer covering material and having a partly low strength
Insulation container. 10. The method of claim 9,
The outer covering material has an opening for decompressing the inside of the bag,
Wherein the opening has an inner surface as a thermal welding layer,
Characterized in that the sealing portion formed by thermal welding of the opening portion includes a plurality of thinner thin portions in at least a part of the thickness of the welded portion between the thermal welding layers
Insulation container. The method of claim 11, wherein
Wherein the sealing portion includes a plurality of thick portions having a thicker thickness of the welded portion in addition to the plurality of thin portions,
And the thick portion and the thin portion are alternately arranged such that the thin portion is positioned between the thick portion
Insulation container. Temperature material at a temperature lower than the normal temperature by 100 ° C or more,
A container body,
And a heat insulating structure disposed on the outer side of the container body,
Wherein the heat insulating structure is a multilayer structure sequentially provided outward from the container body and including a first heat insulating layer and a second heat insulating layer,
Wherein the second heat insulating layer includes a vacuum heat insulating material in which a core material is housed and decompression hermetically sealed in an outer covering material, the vacuum insulating material is fixed to the first heat insulating layer by a fastening member having a flange portion,
Wherein the vacuum insulation material is provided with a penetration portion penetrating in the thickness direction and a deposition layer formed by welding the outer material to each other around the penetration portion,
And in the state that the vacuum insulator is fixed by the fastening member, the fastening member presses the weld layer by the flange portion in a state of being inserted into the penetration portion
Insulation container. 14. The method of claim 13,
And the length of the fastening member does not reach the container body.
Insulation container. The method according to claim 13 or 14,
Characterized in that the penetrating portion is circular
Insulation container. 16. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 15,
Characterized in that the flange portion does not protrude from the outer edge of the vacuum insulator
Insulation container. 17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16,
Characterized in that the fluid is a hydrogen gas, a hydrocarbon gas, or a combustible gas containing them
Insulation container.

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