KR20150132274A - Lubricant additives and compositions - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiments described herein are added to lubricants in HVAC systems to provide functional compositions that prevent / reduce lubricant breakdown. The functional composition may, for example, prevent / reduce the deposition of material onto the orifice of the expansion device and / or heat transfer surface (s). The functional composition is added as an additive to the lubricant of the HVAC system to form a lubricant composition. Lubricant compositions may be added to the HVAC system to prevent / reduce material deposition. In certain embodiments, the functional composition may remove / reduce material deposition that is present in the HVAC system during operation of the HVAC system.

Description

[0001] LUBRICANT ADDITIVES AND COMPOSITIONS [0002]

The present invention relates to heating, ventilation and air-conditioning ("HVAC") systems, and more particularly to a functional composition that can be added to an HVAC system to prevent / . In addition, the functional composition can prevent and / or prevent the formation of deposits deposited on components such as the expansion device and / or heat transfer surface (s) of the HVAC system, or remove deposits.

An HVAC system, such as a chiller, typically includes a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, and an expansion device that form a cooling loop. In the cooling cycle of the HVAC system, the compressor compresses the refrigerant vapor, and the compressed refrigerant vapor is transferred into the condenser to condense the liquid refrigerant therein. The liquid refrigerant is then expanded by the expansion device and into the evaporator. The expansion device may include an orifice through which the liquid refrigerant may expand into the liquid / gas mixture.

The HVAC system often includes a lubricant to lubricate the load bearing surface (s), such as the bearings of the compressor. The lubricant can be circulated with the refrigerant in the refrigerant circulation.

The embodiments described herein are added to lubricants in HVAC systems to provide functional compositions that prevent / reduce lubricant breakdown.

The functional composition may, for example, prevent and / or prevent deposition of deposits on the orifices of the expansion device and / or heat transfer surface (s) or prevent / reduce material deposition. In certain embodiments, the functional composition is added to the lubricant of the HVAC system as an additive to form a lubricant composition. The lubricant composition may be added to the HVAC system in the manufacturing process to prevent / reduce material deposition. In certain embodiments, the functional composition may remove / reduce material deposition that is present in the HVAC system during operation of the HVAC system.

In certain embodiments, the functional composition may comprise a compound that is capable of interfering with the lubricant being destroyed and the reaction in which the metal-carboxylate is formed in the bearing wear surface (s). In certain embodiments, the functional composition forms a coating on, for example, the bearing surface (s) to prevent the deposition of a metal carboxylate from being formed. In certain embodiments, the functional composition may comprise a compound capable of reducing the catalytic effect of metal-carboxylate species. In certain embodiments, the functional composition may include a compound capable of changing the polarity and / or acidity of the bulk lubricant that can remove deposited lubricant breakdown products. In certain embodiments, the functional composition can prevent / reduce material deposition by coating an expansion device (e.g., orifice) and / or heat transfer surface (s). In certain embodiments, the functional composition comprises a compound capable of changing the polarity of the lubricating oil to increase the solubility of the metal carboxylates and to prevent / reduce the deposition of material on the expansion device and / or heat transfer surface (s) can do.

In certain embodiments, the functional composition comprises a hydroxycarboxylic acid; And one or more base oil lubricant mixtures selected from the group consisting of alkyl benzene, alkylated naphthenic, polyalkylene glycols, polyvinyl ethers, polyalphaolefins, mineral oils, polyol esters, and combinations thereof . In certain embodiments, the base oil lubricant may be different from the lubricant for the compressor.

In certain embodiments, the functional composition may comprise one or more addition esters. For example, the functional composition may comprise an ester of a hydroxycarboxylic acid and a fatty acid ester. But are not limited to, pentanoic acid, hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, undecanoic acid, Dodecanoic acid, tridecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, heptadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, Any fatty acid, including octadecanoic acid, nonadecanoic acid, icosanoic acid, oleic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, and combinations thereof, Can be used. In addition, the ester may comprise an alkoxylate moiety comprising one or more oxidizing monomers higher than ethylene oxide. In other embodiments, the functional composition may preferably comprise one or more hydroxycarboxylic acid esters. That is, each ester may be prepared from a different hydroxycarboxylic acid. For illustrative purposes only, embodiments of such functional compositions may include ricinoleic acid esters and hydroxystearic acid esters.

In certain embodiments, the functional composition may include corrosion inhibitors such as corrosion inhibitors for iron or copper containing materials. Corrosion inhibitors may coat expansion devices and / or heat transfer surfaces to prevent / reduce material deposition. In certain embodiments, the functional composition may include: epoxides (e.g., aromatic epoxides, alkyl epoxides, alkenyl epoxides), terepenes, terepenoids, And examples thereof include fullerenes, ascorbic acid, terephthalate, nitromethane, unsaturated hydrocarbons or unsaturated halocarbons, phenol, perfluoropolyether, (S) selected from the group consisting of hindered phenols, hydroxyamines, thiols, phosphites and lactones, siloxanes, tolytriazoles, benzotriazoles, amines, hydrazines, hexamines, phenylenediamines, Dimethlyethanolamine, zinc dithiophosphates, quaternary and acyclic amines, quaternized alkyl pyridines, amine / phosphate esters, (1, 2, 3, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) diaminopropane) and combinations thereof.

In certain embodiments, the functional composition may comprise benzotriazole. In certain embodiments, the final concentration of benzotriazole is 0.001%, or about 0.001% to about 10%, or about 10%, more preferably 0.01%, or about 0.01% to about 0.1%, or about 0.1%, by weight of the lubricant.

In certain embodiments, the functional composition may comprise from about 1% to about 60%, preferably from about 5% to about 40%, more preferably from about 10% to about 20%, by weight of the hydroxycarboxylic acid ester . In certain embodiments, the functional composition may be added to the lubricant of the HVAC system at about 5 to 10% by weight of the lubricant. In certain embodiments, the functional composition is first added to the lubricant, and then the lubricant can be mixed with the refrigerant in the HVAC system. In certain embodiments, the functional composition may be added to an HVAC system including a refrigerant and a lubricant. In certain embodiments, the functional composition may be added to the HVAC system during operation of the HVAC system.

In certain embodiments, the functional composition may be applied directly to, for example, bearings, orifices and / or other components. The functional composition may be added directly to the components through the manufacturing process or operation of the HVAC system, for example, by spraying or dip type application.

Other aspects and aspects of the fluid management approaches will be apparent from the detailed description that follows.

Steam-compressed HVAC systems typically include a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, and an expansion device to form a cooling cycle. The compressor is configured to compress the refrigerant vapor and then condenses the liquid refrigerant in the condenser. The expansion device may have an orifice. As the liquid refrigerant passes through the orifice, the liquid refrigerant may expand into a liquid / gas refrigerant mixture and a low temperature liquid / gas mixture.

The HVAC system may include a load bearing surface (s) such as bearings of a compressor. Lubricants such as polyol ester (POE) or polyvinyl ether (PVE) are often used to lubricate the load bearing surface (s). Lubricants may be added to the HVAC system to circulate with the refrigerant in the refrigerant circulation. The material abrasion of the load bearing surface (s) may, for example, react with the lubricant to form iron carboxylates or other metal-carboxylates to cause lubricant breakdown. The iron carboxylate or metal-carboxylates may be further destroyed and react with cations such as sodium and / or potassium in the HVAC system to form sodium / potassium carboxylate / carbonate or other metal carboxylate / carbonate. The cations can be derived, for example, from the processing chemicals of the HVAC system or filter dryers, flux.

The sodium / potassium carboxylate / carbonate or other metal carboxylate / carbonate can circulate along the refrigerant and lubricant in the refrigerant circulation. If the refrigerant passes through an orifice, for example, through a change in temperature, the sodium / potassium carboxylate / carbonate or other metal carboxylate / carbonate can become an insoluble precipitate and deposit on the orifice to cause orifice restriction. The precipitates deposited in the orifices may also be dragged or bonded to other system contaminants, such as, for example, filter dryers, fluxes, bearing abrasive particles, copper oxide and their analogues in HVAC systems, and deposited on the orifices to form orifices Can be further restricted. If the orifice is limited, a portion of the refrigerant may flow back into the compressor and cause the compressor to operate at a higher temperature to further generate system impurities and / or cations. Orifice restrictions can have a detrimental effect on the performance of HVAC systems.

Embodiments disclosed herein provide a functional composition that can be added to a lubricant in an HVAC system to prevent / reduce lubricant breakdown. The functional composition may include one or more of the following compounds: compounds that interfere with the reaction that causes lubricant breakdown and / or formation of iron carboxylates or other metal-carboxylates on the rod bearing surface (s); Compounds that can prevent / reduce the formation of iron carboxylates or other metal-carboxylates by coating the load bearing surface (s) of the HVAC system; Compounds capable of reducing the catalytic effect of metal-carboxylate species; A compound capable of changing the polarity and / or acidity of the lubricant to remove deposited lubricant breakdown products; A compound capable of coating the expansion device (e.g., orifice) and / or the heat transfer surface (s) of the HVAC system to prevent deposition of lubricant breakdown products; And / or changing the polarity of the lubricant to increase the solubility of the iron carboxylate or other metal-carboxylates to prevent the deposition of lubricant breakdown products.

In certain embodiments, the functional composition may comprise a base oil lubricant different from the lubricant of the HVAC system. By way of non-limiting example, the HVAC system may utilize a first POE and / or PVE lubricant as a lubricant for the HVAC system compressor, wherein the functional composition comprises a POE, PVE, PAG or other similar base oil lubricant different from the first lubricant . In certain embodiments, the functional composition may include phosphonated or sulfonated lubricants or detergents. In certain embodiments, the functional composition may comprise an organic acid having a C1 to C18 carbon chain. In certain embodiments, the functional composition may comprise a mixture of one or more of the compounds listed herein.

In certain embodiments, the functional composition comprises an ester of a hydroxycarboxylic acid; And a base oil lubricant mixture selected from the group consisting of alkylbenzenes, alkylated naphthenic acids, polyalkylene glycols, polyvinyl ethers, polyalphaolefins, mineral oils, polyol esters, and combinations thereof. Generally, the hydroxycarboxylic acid ester is an esterification product of a hydroxycarboxylic acid and an alcohol. In the present application, the hydroxycarboxylic acid is a carboxylic acid comprising at least one --COOH group and at least one isolated --OH group. Typically, the hydroxycarboxylic acid does not comprise one or more ester groups. According to a preferred embodiment, the hydroxycarboxylic acid has a linear chain length in the range of 8 to 22 carbon atoms.

In certain embodiments, the hydroxycarboxylic acid may be a monohydroxy fatty acid comprising an isolated hydroxyl group. Examples of one hydroxycarboxylic acid having a hydroxyl group include, but are not limited to, ricinoleic acid (RA), hydroxystearic acid, hydroxylauric acid, hydroxydecanoic acid ( hydroxydecanoic acid, hydroxyarachidic acid, hydroxypalmitic acid, hydroxyerucic acid, hydroxylinoleic acid, hydroxyarachidonic acid, and the like. And combinations thereof.

In certain embodiments, the hydroxycarboxylic acid may comprise one or more isolated hydroxy groups (e. G., Hydroxyl polycarboxylic acids). In one embodiment, the hydroxycarboxylic acid comprising at least one carboxylic acid group may be a hydroxycarboxylic acid. Other examples of hydroxy polycarboxylic acids may include, but are not limited to, citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, and combinations thereof.

In certain embodiments, the hydroxycarboxylic acid may comprise an aromatic, homocyclic, hetercyclic ring structure. Examples of such hydroxy acids include, but are not limited to, salicylic acid, dihydroxybenzoic acid, and combinations thereof. In other embodiments, the hydroxycarboxylic acid comprises a halogen group, additional alkyl substituents, an amine group, and combinations thereof.

In certain embodiments, the functional composition comprises one or more additional esters. For example, the functional composition may include a hydroxycarboxylic acid ester and a fatty acid ester. The optional fatty acids include, but are not limited to, pentanoic, hexanoic, heptanoic, octanoic, nonanoic, decanoic, undecanoic, dodecanoic, tridecanoic, tetradecanoic, pentadecanoic, hexadecanoic, heptadecanoic , Octadecanoic acid, nonadecanoic acid, icosanoic acid, oleic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, and combinations thereof. Additionally, one or more esters may have an alkoxylate portion comprising one or more oxide monomers that are higher than ethylene oxide. In other embodiments, the functional composition may preferably comprise one or more hydroxycarboxylic acid esters. That is, each ester may be produced from a different hydroxycarboxylic acid. For illustrative purposes only, embodiments of such functional compositions may include ricinoleic acid esters and hydroxystearic acid esters.

According to one or more embodiments, the corresponding alcohols esterified with the hydroxycarboxylic acid are linear or long chain alcohols, i.e., monohydric alcohols. Examples of suitable alcohols include, but are not limited to, methanol, ethanol, caproic alcohol, caprylic alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, capric alcohol, It is also possible to use alcohol such as lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmitoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, But are not limited to, alcohols such as isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, linolyl alcohol, linolenyl alcohol, But are not limited to, aldehydes, aldehydes, aldehydes, aldehydes, aldehydes, aldehydes, aldehydes, aldehydes, aldehydes, aldehydes, aldehydes, assidyl alcohol) and combinations thereof.

In certain embodiments, the polyalkylene glycols may be reacted with a hydroxycarboxylic acid, wherein the polyalkylene glycols include polymeric inhibitor / terminal functional groups that are commonly understood by those skilled in the art of alkoxylation, and Is defined to include a polymer chain comprising a measurable proportion of at least two types of oxidized monomer forms, or a polymer chain comprising a single monomer form higher than ethylene oxide (propylene oxide, butylene oxide, and the like). Thus, examples include, but are not limited to, all polyalkylene glycols, including di-hydroxy and poly-hydroxy functionalized polyalkylene glycols, which may be esterified with one or more hydroxyl functionality, In all of them, ethylene oxide is not included.

In certain embodiments, the alcohol may be a polyol such as a diol or triol. Alternatively, the alcohols may be branched, aliphatic, cyclized or aromatic.

In certain embodiments, the functional composition comprises from about 1% to about 60%, preferably from about 5% to about 40%, more preferably from about 10% to about 20%, by weight of the hydroxycarboxylic acid ester (s) do.

According to certain preferred embodiments, the carrier fluid / base oil is preferably selected from the group consisting of miscible oils such as polyol esters, polyvinyl ethers or polyalkylene glycols, alkylbenzenes, polyalphaolefins, alkylated naphthenic acids and mineral oils Incompatible oils, and combinations thereof.

In certain embodiments, the functional composition may include corrosion inhibitors such as corrosion inhibitors for iron or copper containing materials. Corrosion inhibitors may coat expansion devices and / or heat transfer surfaces to prevent / reduce material deposition. In certain embodiments, the final concentration of the corrosion inhibitor for the lubricant is 0.001% or about 0.001% to 10% or about 10%, more preferably 0.01% or about 0.01% to 0.1% or about 0.1% by weight. In certain embodiments, the final concentration of corrosion inhibitor for the lubricant is 0.001% by weight or from about 0.001% to 0.05% or about 0.05% by weight.

In certain embodiments, the functional composition may include: epoxides (e.g., aromatic epoxides, alkyl epoxides, alkenyl epoxides), terpenes, terpenoids, fullerenes, ascorbic acid, But are not limited to, phthalates, nitromethanes, unsaturated hydrocarbons or unsaturated halocarbons, phenols, perfluoropolyethers, sterically hindered phenols, hydroxyamines, thiols, phosphites and lactones, siloxanes, tolytriazole, benzotriazole, Quaternary alkylpyridines, amine / phosphate ester salts, cinnamaldehyde, dibutylamine, diethylhydroxylamine, dimethylethanolamine, 3-ethylhexylamine, 3-ethylhexylamine, 3-ethylhexylamine, hexylamine, phenylenediamine, dimethylethanolamine, zinc dithiophosphate, , 5 dinitrobenzoic acid, ethylenediamine, hexamethylenetetramine, 1, 2-diaminopropane, and combinations thereof.

In certain embodiments, the functional composition may comprise benzotriazole. In certain embodiments, the final concentration of benzotriazole for the lubricant is 0.001% or about 0.001% to 10% or about 10%, more preferably 0.01% or about 0.01% to 0.1% or about 0.1% by weight. In certain embodiments, the final concentration of benzotriazole for the lubricant is 0.001% by weight or about 0.001% to 0.05% or about 0.05% by weight.

In certain embodiments, the functional composition may be added to the lubricant of the HVAC system at about 5 to 10% by weight of the lubricant. In certain embodiments, the functional composition is first added to the lubricant, and then the lubricant can be mixed with the refrigerant in the HVAC system. In certain embodiments, the functional composition may be added to an HVAC system including, for example, a refrigerant and a lubricant when maintaining or repairing the HVAC system.

In certain embodiments, the functional composition can be used in an HVAC system using HFC (hydrofluorocarbons). By way of non-limiting example, examples of such refrigerants used in the functional compositions described herein include R134a, R125, R32, R23, R143a, R116, R152a, and combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the functional composition may be used with other refrigerants such as isobutane, CO ₂ , HCFC (hydrochlorofluorocarbons), and combinations thereof.

In certain embodiments, the functional composition may be applied directly to, for example, bearings, orifices and / or other components. The functional composition may be added directly to the components during the manufacturing process or operation of the HVAC system, for example, by spray or dip application.

Example I

In the HVAC system, the functional composition A according to one embodiment was added to the lubricant / refrigerant mixture of the HVAC system at a weight ratio of about 5-10% with respect to the lubricant of the HVAC system. In the field test, the orifice of the HVAC system expansion device was similar in size after about 1000 hours of continuous operation. This result indicates that there is little (or no) material deposition that causes orifice restriction after about 1000 hours of operation. In a comparative field test, functional composition A was not added to the HVAC system. The size of the orifice has been reduced by about 70% of its original size after about 200 hours of continuous operation. This result indicates that the material deposition in the comparative field test caused orifice limitation. Functional composition A can reduce the deposition of material on the orifice.

Example II

In the HVAC system of about 200 hours of continuous operation (Comparative Field Experiment of Example 1), functional composition B according to another embodiment was added to the HVAC system. In a continuous operation HVAC system of about 200 hours, the orifice scale was reduced to about 70% of its original size. The HVAC system continued to operate after addition of the functional composition B. After about 200 hours of operation, the size of the orifice was restored to its original size. This indicates that functional composition B can remove / reduce materials already deposited on the orifice.

Example III

In the R410A / POE HVAC system, benzotriazole was added to the HVAC system at a weight ratio of about 0.020% to lubricant (POE). The orifice size of the expansion device in the HVAC system remained the same after about 900 hours of HVAC operation. Compared to the functional composition A of Example 1, the concentration of benzotriazole is relatively low, which can reduce the cost associated with the use of the functional composition.

Aspects

Any one of aspects 1-3 may be combined with any one of aspects 4-27. Any one of aspects 4-16 may be combined with any one of aspects 17-27. Any one of aspects 17-19 may be combined with any one of aspects 20-27.

1. A functional composition of a lubricant in an HVAC system comprising one or a combination of the following compounds:

Compounds that interfere with lubricant breakdown;

Compounds that interfere with the formation of metal carboxylates on the load bearing surface;

A compound that reduces the deposition of metal carboxylates on the loading surface by coating the load bearing surface;

Compounds that reduce the catalytic effect of metal carboxylates;

A compound capable of changing the polarity and / or acidity of the lubricant to remove deposited lubricant breakdown products;

A compound that prevents the deposition of lubricant breakdown products by coating an expansion device or heat transfer surface of an HVAC system; And

Wherein the polarity of the lubricant is changed to increase the solubility of the metal carboxylates.

As a functional composition of aspect 1, the lubricant is selected from the group comprising polyester polyvinyl ether, alkylbenzene, polyalphaolefin, alkylated naphthenic acid, mineral oil, and combinations thereof.

As a functional composition of aspects 1-2, the HVAC system comprises HFC refrigerant.

4. A method of treating a lubricant composition of an HVAC system, comprising adding from about 5 to 10% of a functional composition by weight of lubricant to the lubricant, wherein the functional composition comprises a hydroxycarboxylic acid ester; And

Wherein the lubricant composition comprises a base oil lubricant selected from the group consisting of alkylbenzenes, alkylated naphthenic acids, polyalkylene glycols, polyvinyl ethers, polyalphaolefins, mineral oils, polyol esters, or combinations thereof. Lt; / RTI >

5. The process of aspect 4, wherein the hydroxycarboxylic acid ester of the functional composition is an esterified product of a hydroxycarboxylic acid and an alcohol.

6. The method of aspect 5, wherein the alcohol is selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, caproic alcohol, caprylic alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol , Palmitoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidil alcohol, petrocellinyl alcohol, linolyl alcohol, linoleyl alcohol, elastane allyl alcohol, arachidyl alcohol, Behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol, brassidyl alcohol, and combinations thereof.

Aspect 7. In the methods of aspects 4-6, the functional composition comprises from about 1% to about 60% by weight of the hydroxycarboxylic acid ester.

8. The method of aspect 7, wherein the functional composition comprises from about 5% to about 40% by weight of the hydroxycarboxylic acid ester.

9. A method according to any of claims 7-8, wherein the functional composition comprises from about 10% to about 20% by weight of the hydroxycarboxylic acid ester.

10. The method of aspects 4-9, wherein the hydroxycarboxylic acid is selected from the group comprising hydroxydicarboxylic acid, hydroxy bicarboxylic acid, hydroxyl polycarboxylic acid, or combinations thereof.

11. A method according to aspects 4-10 wherein the hydroxycarboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of ricinoleic acid (RA), hydroxystearic acid, hydroxylauric acid, hydroxydecanoic acid, hydroxyaracidic acid, , Hydroxy erucic acid, hydroxy linoleic acid, hydroxy arachidonic acid, citric acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid, and combinations thereof.

Aspect 12. A method according to aspects 4-11, wherein the hydroxycarboxylic acid comprises a cyclic structure and the cyclic structure is selected from the group consisting of aromatic, homocyclic, hetercyclic, or combinations thereof. .

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the hydroxycarboxylic acid is selected from the group comprising salicylic acid, dihydroxybenzoic acid, and combinations thereof.

Aspect 14. A method according to aspects 4-13 wherein the hydroxycarboxylic acid ester is formed by a hydrocarboxylic acid and a fatty acid.

15. The method of aspect 14 wherein the fatty acid is selected from the group consisting of pentanoic, hexanoic, heptanoic, octanoic, nonanoic, decanoic, undecanoic, dodecanoic, Acid, heptadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, nonadecanoic acid, icosanoic acid, oleic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, and combinations thereof.

16. A method according to any one of claims 4 to 15, further comprising a second hydroxycarboxylic acid ester.

17. A method of repairing an HVAC system comprising adding from about 5 to 10% by weight of a functional composition to a HVAC system lubricant, wherein the functional composition comprises a hydroxycarboxylic acid ester; And

Characterized in that it comprises a base oil lubricant selected from the group consisting of alkyl benzene, alkylated naphthenic acid, polyalkylene glycol, polyvinyl ether, polyalphaolefin, mineral oil, polyol ester or combinations thereof Way.

18. The method of aspects 4-17, wherein said HVAC system comprises HFC refrigerant.

19. The method of 17, wherein the HVAC system comprises HFC refrigerant.

20. A functional composition for an HVAC lubricant comprising from about 0.001% to about 10% by weight of lubricant, characterized in that the functional composition is one or more compounds used as corrosion inhibitors for iron or copper containing materials Gt; HVAC < / RTI >

21. The functional composition of aspect 20, wherein the one or more compounds used as corrosion inhibitors for iron or copper containing materials is from about 0.01% to about 0.1% by weight, based on the lubricant.

22. The functional composition of aspect 20, wherein the one or more compounds used as corrosion inhibitors for iron or copper containing materials are from about 0.001% to about 0.05% by weight, based on the lubricant.

23. A functional composition according to aspects 20-22 wherein the functional composition is selected from the group consisting of epoxide, terpene, terpenoid, fullerene, ascorbic acid, terephthalate, nitromethane, unsaturated hydrocarbons or unsaturated halocarbons, phenols, perfluoropolyether , Sterically hindered phenols, hydroxyamines, thiols, phosphites and lactones, siloxanes, tolythriazoles, benzotriazoles, amines, hydrazines, hexamines, phenylenediamines, dimethylethanolamines, zinc dithiophosphates, A cyclic amine, a quaternary amine, a quaternary alkylpyridine, an amine / phosphate ester salt, cinnamaldehyde, dibutylamine, diethylhydroxylamine, dimethylethanolamine, 3,5 dinitrobenzoic acid, ethylenediamine, hexamethylenetetramine, 1,2 diamino Propane, or a combination thereof.

26. The functional composition of aspect 23, wherein the benzotriazole is from about 0.001% to about 10% by weight based on the lubricant.

25. A functional composition of aspects 23-24 wherein the benzotriazole is from about 0.01% to about 0.1% by weight based on the lubricant.

26. The functional composition of aspects 23-25, wherein the benzotriazole is in a weight ratio to lubricant of from about 0.001% to about 0.05%.

27. A functional composition of aspects 23-26 wherein the benzotriazole is about 0.0020% by weight based on the lubricant.

In view of the foregoing, it is to be understood that the details may be altered within the scope of the invention. The description and described implementations are illustrative only and the true scope and spirit of the invention should be dictated by the broad scope of the claims.

Claims (19)

Compounds that interfere with lubricant breakdown;
Compounds that interfere with the formation of metal carboxylates on the load bearing surface;
A compound that reduces the deposition of metal carboxylates on the loading surface by coating the load bearing surface;
Compounds that reduce the catalytic effect of metal carboxylates;
A compound that alters the polarity and / or acidity of the lubricant to remove deposited lubricant breakdown products;
A compound that prevents the deposition of lubricant breakdown products by coating an expansion device or heat transfer surface of an HVAC system; And
Functional compound of a lubricant in an HVAC system, comprising one of compounds that increase the solubility of metal carboxylates by changing the polarity of the lubricant, or combinations thereof.
The lubricant of claim 1, wherein the lubricant is selected from the group consisting of polyester polyvinyl ether, alkylbenzene, polyalphaolefin, alkylated naphthenic acid, mineral oil, and combinations thereof. Functional composition.
The functional composition of claim 1, wherein the HVAC system comprises HFC refrigerant.
A process for treating a lubricant composition of an HVAC system, comprising adding from about 5% to about 10% by weight of the lubricant to the functional composition, wherein the functional composition comprises a hydroxycarboxylic acid ester; And
Wherein the lubricant composition comprises a base oil lubricant selected from the group consisting of alkylbenzenes, alkylated naphthenic acids, polyalkylene glycols, polyvinyl ethers, polyalphaolefins, mineral oils, polyol esters, or combinations thereof. Lt; / RTI >
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the hydroxycarboxylic acid ester of the functional composition is an esterification product of a hydroxycarboxylic acid and an alcohol.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the alcohol is selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, caproic alcohol, caprylic alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, But are not limited to, alcohols such as alcohols, alcohols, alcohols, stearyl alcohols, stearyl alcohols, isostearyl alcohols, oleyl alcohols, elaidyl alcohols, petrocellinyl alcohols, linolyl alcohols, linoleyl alcohols, elaehostearyl alcohols, arachidyl alcohols, , Erucyl alcohol, brassidyl alcohol, and combinations thereof. ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > 11. < / RTI >
3. The functional composition of claim 2, wherein the functional composition comprises from about 1% to about 60% by weight of the hydroxycarboxylic acid ester.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the functional composition comprises from about 5% to about 40% by weight of the hydroxycarboxylic acid ester.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the functional composition comprises from about 10% to about 20% by weight of the hydroxycarboxylic acid ester.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the hydroxycarboxylic acid is selected from the group comprising hydroxydicarboxylic acid, hydroxycarboxylic acid, hydroxylpolycarboxylic acid, or combinations thereof.
5. The composition of claim 4 wherein the hydroxycarboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of ricinoleic acid (RA), hydroxystearic acid, hydroxylauric acid, hydroxydecanoic acid, hydroxyaracidic acid, hydroxypalmitic acid, hydroxy erucic acid , Hydroxy linoleic acid, hydroxy arachidonic acid, citric acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid, and combinations thereof. ≪ Desc / Clms Page number 13 >
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the hydroxycarboxylic acid comprises a cyclic structure and the cyclic structure is selected from the group comprising aromatic, homocyclic, hetercyclic, or combinations thereof Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > HVAC < / RTI > system.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the hydroxycarboxylic acid is selected from the group comprising salicylic acid, dihydroxybenzoic acid, and combinations thereof.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the hydroxycarboxylic acid ester is formed by a hydrocarboxylic acid and a fatty acid.
15. The composition of claim 14, wherein the fatty acid is selected from the group consisting of pentanoic acid, hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, undecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tridecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, Wherein the lubricant composition is selected from the group consisting of decanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, nonadecanoic acid, icosanoic acid, oleic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, or combinations thereof.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the functional composition further comprises a second hydroxycarboxylic acid ester.
A method of servicing an HVAC system, comprising adding from about 5% to about 10% by weight of the functional composition to the HVAC system lubricant, wherein the functional composition comprises a hydroxycarboxylic acid ester; And
Characterized in that it comprises a base oil lubricant selected from the group consisting of alkyl benzene, alkylated naphthenic acids, polyalkylene glycols, polyvinyl ethers, polyalphaolefins, mineral oils, polyol esters and combinations thereof Way.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the HVAC system comprises HFC refrigerant.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the HVAC system comprises HFC refrigerant.