KR20150128445A - Transparent heater structure and Transparent heater device using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

Various embodiments of the present invention relate to a heating structure which secures the flexibility, and also has the economic efficiency, increase the heating efficiency through the heating structure comprising an intercrossing heating pattern, increase the visibility while having the economic efficiency by performing a heating body which secures the transparency through fine patterning of a general conductive material not of an indium tin oxide (ITO), and can have the flexibility.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heating structure,

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a heating structure that is economical while ensuring flexibility.

A variety of exothermic structures can be applied to the windows to ensure visibility outside and to remove condensation and glare.

Typical examples of application of such a heating structure are automobile or building heating glass. Most of the heat-generating glass uses the concept of attaching a hot-wire sheet to the glass surface or directly heating the glass surface and then applying electricity to both terminals of the hot-wire to generate heat from the hot-wire, thereby raising the temperature of the glass surface to be.

In view of the fact that heat generated by automotive or architectural heating glass is required to be maintained at low resistance and transparency in order to ensure a good external view, conventional transparent heat generating glass has a transparent conductive material such as ITO or Ag thin film A method of forming an electrode by forming a transparent surface heating layer by a sputtering process has been used. However, the heat-generating glass according to this method has a problem of being difficult to be driven at a low voltage of 40 V or less due to high surface resistance, There is a limitation in realizing a large area due to its characteristics.

In the case of a heating structure using ITO, which is used as a heating element of such a heat-generating glass, a manufacturing cost is increased due to an insufficient supply of indium, which is the main material of ITO, and the flexibility of ITO itself is insufficient There is a problem that it is not suitable for a structure requiring flexibility

Further, in the case of a heating structure using carbon nanotubes used as a heating element of a heat generating glass, a nanomaterial dense layer having carbon nanotubes connected to each other and a terminal electrically connected to the nanomaterial dense layer There is a problem that the manufacturing process cost tends to be high when the carbon nanotubes are mass-produced, and the technical difficulty of the method is high.

The embodiments of the present invention have been made to solve the above-mentioned problems. In particular, the heat generating efficiency of the heat generating structure having mutually intersecting heat generating patterns can be increased, and the fine patterning of a general conductive material It is possible to provide a heat generating structure which is economical and visibility is improved by implementing a heat generating element ensuring transparency and has flexibility.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the embodiment of the present invention makes it possible to provide a heat generating structure in which at least one of a plurality of heat generating patterns on a substrate and a plurality of heat generating patterns cross each other. In this case, the heating structure may further include a polymer layer provided on the substrate so as not to overlap with the heating pattern, and a protective layer for embedding the heating pattern and the polymer pattern.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, heat generation efficiency can be improved through a heat generating structure having mutually intersecting heat generating patterns, and it is possible to realize a heat generating body which is ensured in transparency through fine patterning of a general conductive material instead of ITO, Is improved and there is an effect of providing a heating structure having flexibility.

Particularly, in the embodiment of the present invention, the polymer pattern structure adjacent to the heat generating pattern can be inserted to enhance the ductility and the stability of the product itself, and the patterning material itself can be formed into a roll-to-roll production method by using a photo- If it is grafted, it can increase the productivity.

1 is a plan view of a heating structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line AA 'of FIG.
3 is a plan view showing a layout of a heating pattern of a heating structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4A to 4E are plane schematic views of a heating structure according to various modified embodiments of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same elements regardless of the reference numerals, and redundant description thereof will be omitted. The terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a heating structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a conceptual view taken along line AA 'of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a layout of a heating pattern of a heating structure according to an embodiment of the present invention It is a plan view of a plane.

1 to 3, a heating structure according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a substrate 110 and a plurality of heating patterns 130 on the substrate 110, And at least one of the heat generating patterns 130 may be mutually crossed. In this case, when the heating structure is used for a transparent heater or the like, the heating pattern 130 may further include electrode patterns 120a and 120b for supplying power to the heating pattern 130. The electrode pattern and the heating pattern may be electrically As shown in FIG.

2 and 3, a characteristic part of the heat generating structure according to the embodiment of the present invention is that the heat generating pattern 130 is implemented in a plurality of patterns having directionality, and at least one of a plurality of patterns Can be implemented with an intersecting structure. Here, the term 'intersecting' means that a pattern of straight lines, curves, or closed curves composed of straight lines or curves is formed, and the shape of these patterns may be a regular pattern or an irregular pattern.

As the regular pattern, a pattern form of the related art such as a mesh pattern can be used. The mesh pattern may comprise a regular polygonal pattern comprising at least one of triangular, rectangular, pentagonal, hexagonal, and octagonal shapes.

In addition, irregular patterns are randomly arranged in random pattern shapes, and may include structures of closed curves of various structures. Wherein the irregular pattern includes a frame structure of successively connected closed shapes, and the closed shape of the same shape does not exist in the irregular arbitrary unit area (1 cm x 1 cm), and the number of vertexes of the closed shapes is May be different from the number of vertices of the same number of squares as the closed geometries.

More specifically, the number of vertexes of the closed shapes may be greater than the number of vertices of the same number of squares as the closed shapes, and may be 1.9 to 2.1 times larger, but is not limited thereto. The closed graphics may be connected to each other in a continuous manner, for example, when the closed graphics are polygonal, the adjacent closed graphics may share at least one side.

In addition, the irregular pattern includes a frame structure of successively connected closed shapes, wherein the irregular pattern has no closed shape of the same type within an arbitrary unit area (1 cm x 1 cm), and the vertex of the closed shapes The number may be different from the number of vertexes of the polygon formed by connecting the shortest distance between the centers of gravity of each of the closed graphics. More specifically, the number of vertexes of the closed diagrams may be greater when compared to the number of vertexes of the polygons formed by connecting the shortest distance between the centers of gravity of each of the closed diagrams, and may be greater by 1.9 to 2.1 times However, the present invention is not limited thereto. In the present invention, the vertex is defined as a point at which the lines constituting the edges of the closed graphics of the conductive pattern intersect with each other. The irregular pattern may be in the form of a frame structure of closed shapes formed by arranging arbitrary points in regularly arranged unit unit cells and then connecting each point to the closest point relative to the distance from the other points have.

As an example of the structure of the 'intersection', a mesh-like structure having a structure in which the arrangement directions of the heating patterns are overlapped with each other in a predetermined direction will be described as an embodiment. The first heating pattern 131 arranged in one direction and the second heating pattern 132 arranged in the second direction which is the longitudinal direction of the base 110 intersect in a mesh-like structure .

In this case, in the structure of FIG. 3, the first heat generating pattern and the second heat generating patterns are arranged so as to form mutually intersecting structures with a crossing angle of 90 degrees, but this is merely an example, It is of course possible to use a structure which does not include the above. Such a cross structure can increase the heat generation rate to a certain area of the base material and can be realized by patterning various conductive materials other than ITO to have transparency through a vacuum deposition method.

That is, in the embodiment of the present invention, the substrate 110 may be a substrate or a sheet member made of a material having a certain light transmittance, that is, transparency. In order to improve the visibility and secure the processability and flexibility, It is possible to apply a conductive material instead of the conductive material to form a thin film.

To this end, the material which can be applied to the heating pattern is selected from the group consisting of silver, copper, nickel, tin, indium, titanium, palladium, aluminum, chromium, silicon, tungsten, vanadium, zinc, tantalum, gold, platinum and cobalt A single layer or a laminate of at least one selected metal or a single layer or a laminate of an alloy thin film of one kind of metal may be applied. Alternatively, the heat generating pattern may be at least one selected from the group consisting of silver, copper, nickel, tin, indium, titanium, palladium, aluminum, chromium, silicon, tungsten, vanadium, zinc, tantalum, gold, platinum, and cobalt Or may be embodied as a single layer or a laminate of a mixture thin film containing more than two kinds of metals. When such a metal-based material is patterned by vacuum deposition, the process is easy and the film can be made thin, so that it can be realized as an electrode close to transparency.

Further, the heat generating pattern may further include a single layer or at least two layers of an antireflection layer including at least one material selected from the group consisting of metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal oxynitrides, metal nitrides and metal carbides It is also possible to do. When the antireflection layer is formed, the exothermic characteristics can be easily controlled, and the desired resistance and oxidation characteristics can be controlled to improve the reliability. If the thickness of the protective layer is less than 0.05 탆, it is difficult to control the oxidation characteristic and it is difficult to form a resistance range for a desired heat generation. When the thickness of the protective layer is more than 0.2 탆 The width of the resistor is increased to deteriorate the heat generating characteristic and it becomes difficult to secure visibility and flexibility required for the heat generating structure.

The substrate 110 in the embodiment of the present invention can be made of a material having light transmittance, that is, transparency, as described above. In this case, transparency refers to a concept that includes a material having a light transmittance ranging from 1 to 99%. For example, a material including any one of PI, PET, PC, PE, PC and PVA can be applied.

2, the heating structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may further include a polymer pattern 140 adjacent to the heating pattern 130. As shown in FIG. The polymer pattern 140 may be formed of various materials having a polymer chain. For example, a photo-curable resin or a thermosetting resin can be applied to the heat generating pattern 130 to be adjacent to the heat generating pattern 130, thereby enhancing the strength of the entire structure and protecting the heat generating pattern while securing the flexibility of the entire heat generating structure , The heat generated in the heat generating pattern can be efficiently diffused to the surface of the substrate 110.

2 and 3, the polymer pattern 140 may be disposed on the substrate so as not to overlap with the heating pattern 130. In this case, .

In this case, the heat generating pattern 130 includes a first heat generating pattern 131 arranged in a first direction which is a width direction of the base material, a second heat generating pattern 132 arranged in a second direction which is a longitudinal direction of the base material In this case, as shown in FIG. 3, each heating pattern may be electrically connected to the external electrodes 120a and 120b. 3, a structure in which the arrangement axis of the first heating pattern and the arrangement axis of the second heating pattern are substantially orthogonal to each other is described as an example in the arrangement pattern of the heating patterns, But may be embodied as a mesh-like structure that is deformed and crossed at various angles and shapes.

Further, the polymer pattern 140 may be disposed at a position adjacent to the heating pattern 130 of the mutually intersecting structure. In this case, the concept of " adjacent " is a concept including both configurations that can be closely adhered to the outer surface of the heat generating pattern or can be arranged so as to be spaced apart from each other. As described above, the polymer pattern 140 can secure the flexibility of the entire heating structure, enhance the strength of the entire structure, protect the heating pattern, and efficiently heat the heat generated from the heating pattern to the substrate 110 It is possible to realize a function capable of diffusing to the surface.

The line width of the first heat generating pattern or the second heat generating pattern may be in a range of 0.2um to 10um. This is because it is difficult to satisfy the resistance value capable of realizing the heat generation characteristic at a line width in the range of less than 0.2um when exceeding the above range and it is difficult to secure visibility and flexibility required for the heat generation structure in the range exceeding 10um . For this purpose, the height of the first heat generating pattern or the second heat generating pattern (thickness in the upward direction from the surface of the substrate) may be in the range of 0.01um to 2um.

Furthermore, although the heat generating patterns in the structures of FIGS. 2 and 3 are illustrated as being arranged on the substrate, the 'arrangement on the substrate' is not limited to being disposed on the surface of the substrate, And a structure in which a pattern is implemented and then the material of the heating pattern is filled in the pattern. That is, a structure in which a part or all of the heat generating pattern is embedded on the surface of the substrate is also possible. Such a buried structure is advantageous in that the thickness of the exothermic structure can be further reduced and flexibility can be increased.

4A to 4E illustrate various modified embodiments of the heating pattern and the polymer pattern according to the embodiment of the present invention.

4A illustrates an arrangement structure of the first heating pattern 131 and the second heating pattern 132 which intersect with each other as described above with reference to FIG. 3. Such a structure may be a structure that intersects at various angles As described above.

4B, a structure in which the heating pattern 130 in the embodiment of the present invention is simply crossed, a structure in which the first heating pattern and the second heating pattern are deformed into a shape of a line- , &Quot; extension pattern "). For example, as shown in FIG. 4B, the first heating pattern 131 or the second heating pattern 132 may each include an expansion pattern 133 in which a surface of the base material is exposed at the central portion . 4B, the extension pattern 133 is disposed at an intersection between the first heat generation pattern and the second heat generation pattern. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, as shown in FIG. 4E, And the crossing structure can be diversified. The expansion pattern 133 has a merit that the exothermic surface area of a simple linear heating pattern can be widened and the center portion is formed in an empty structure so that the flexibility is ensured. 4B, the shape of the planar cross section of the extended pattern is circular, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may be embodied in various shapes of shapes having ellipse, semicircle, and curvature.

4C and FIG. 4D, the extension pattern 133 may be implemented as a polygonal graphic having a structure in which apexes, that is, vertexes are formed at certain points.

The line width of the extension pattern 133 described above can be implemented to have the same line width as the first heat generation pattern 131 and the second heat generation pattern 132. In order to ensure visibility and flexibility, May be smaller than the line width of the heat generating pattern 131 and the second heat generating pattern 132.

The structure shown in FIG. 4E is such that the extended pattern 133 is formed on the first heating pattern 131 and the second heating pattern 132 and the extended pattern 133 is formed on the first heating pattern 131 And the second heat generating pattern 132, as shown in FIG.

Of course, in the structures of FIGS. 4A to 4E, the polymer pattern 140 may be disposed in the portion 142 adjacent to the first heat generating pattern 131 and the second heat generating pattern 132, The exposed portion 141 of the substrate at the center of the substrate 133 can be realized.

2, the heat generating structure according to the embodiment of the present invention may further include a protective layer 150 for embedding the heat generating pattern 130 and the polymer pattern 140 . The protective layer 150 is laminated on the heating pattern 130 and the polymer pattern 140 using a resin having transparency and the heating pattern 130 and the polymer pattern 140 are stacked, In the case where a spacing portion exists in the spacer portion, the spacer portion may be embodied. As the material of the protective layer, a resin having properties of a polymer, a film and an adhesive material can be applied.

The heating structure according to the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to various heating devices in combination with a power supply module as described above. For example, it can be applied to various structures such as front, rear, or glass for lamp, glass for construction, ship, aircraft and the like. This is due to the structural and material characteristics that the heat generating structure according to the embodiment of the present invention can be mass-produced at a low cost, and it is particularly applicable to various parts and shapes with a feature of flexibility .

In the foregoing detailed description of the present invention, specific examples have been described. However, various modifications are possible within the scope of the present invention. The technical spirit of the present invention should not be limited to the above-described embodiments of the present invention, but should be determined by the claims and equivalents thereof.

110: substrate
120a, 120b:
130: heat pattern
131: first heating pattern
132: second heating pattern
133: Extended pattern
140: Polymer pattern

Claims (15)

materials;
A plurality of heating patterns on the substrate; And
And an electrode pattern electrically connected to the heating pattern,
Wherein at least one of the plurality of heating patterns intersects the heating structure.
The method according to claim 1,
The heating pattern
A first heat generating pattern arranged in a first direction which is a width direction of the substrate,
And a second heat generating pattern disposed in a second direction that is the longitudinal direction of the substrate.
The method of claim 2,
Wherein the arrangement axis of the first heating pattern and the arrangement axis of the second heating pattern are substantially perpendicular to each other.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first heat generating pattern or the second heat generating pattern comprises:
A heating structure further comprising an expansion pattern.
The method of claim 4,
And a region in which the surface of the base material is exposed is present in the central portion of the expansion pattern.
The method of claim 5,
The expansion pattern may include:
And a heat generating structure disposed at an intersection of the first heat generating pattern and the second heat generating pattern.
The method of claim 4,
Wherein the expansion pattern has a planar shape having a curvature.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The heat-
And a polymer pattern provided on the substrate so as not to overlap with the heat generating pattern.
The method of claim 8,
Wherein a height of the polymer pattern is not less than a height of the heating pattern.
The method according to claim 1,
The heating pattern
Layer or laminate of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of copper, nickel, tin, indium, titanium, palladium, aluminum, chromium, silicon, tungsten, vanadium, zinc, tantalum, gold, platinum and cobalt Or a single layer or a laminate of an alloy thin film of one kind of metal.
The method according to claim 1,
The heating pattern
Is selected from the group consisting of copper, nickel, tin, indium, titanium, palladium, aluminum, chromium, silicon, tungsten, vanadium, zinc, tantalum, gold, platinum, and cobalt
A heating structure as a single layer or a laminate of a mixture thin film containing at least one metal.
The method according to claim 1,
The heating pattern
Wherein the antireflection layer further comprises a single layer or at least two layers of at least one material selected from the group consisting of metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal oxides, metal nitrides and metal carbides.
The method according to claim 1,
The heating pattern
And a part or all of the heat generating pattern is buried on the surface of the substrate.
The method of claim 8,
And a protective layer for embedding the heating pattern and the polymer pattern.
The method according to claim 1,
The above-
A heat generating structure comprising any one of light-transmitting PI, PET, PC, PE, PC and PVA.

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