KR20150113186A - Combustion promotion method, combustion promotion device, and heat engine - Google Patents

Abstract

Improves combustion of fuel such as light oil burned in a combustion apparatus such as a heat engine, and promotes combustion of fuel, thereby increasing energy obtained by combustion. At least a magnet (8) and a piezoelectric element (12). The magnetic field (M) of the magnet (8) is applied to the piezoelectric element (12). Thus, an electromagnetic wave E containing at least far-infrared rays is generated from the piezoelectric element 12, and the electromagnetic wave E is irradiated to the burning fuel F to accelerate the combustion of the fuel F. The kinetic energy converted by the combustion is increased.

Description

COMBUSTION PROMOTION METHOD, COMBUSTION PROMOTION DEVICE, AND HEAT ENGINE [0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a combustion method, a combustion promoting device, and a heat engine for burning a liquid fuel such as light oil or gaseous fuel.

Heat engines such as diesel engines and gasoline engines convert the combustion energy of the fuel into kinetic energy such as mechanical energy. As a result, the magnitude of the kinetic energy depends on the combustion of the fuel. The combustion of fuel is influenced by fuel, air, temperature, mixing ratio of fuel and air, and the like. The energy that is converted from the combustion varies depending on the combustion rate of the fuel and the state of the combustion. Therefore, when the combustion state is changed, the kinetic energy converted from the combustion is changed.

As to the combustion of the fuel in the heat engine, it is known that a magnetic force other than fuel or air, infrared rays, and the like influence the combustion. As to the relationship between combustion and magnetic force or infrared rays, it is known to apply a magnetic force and a far infrared ray to air (for example, Patent Document 1), to cause far infrared rays to act on fuel (for example, (For example, Patent Document 3) is known.

With respect to the combustion of fuel, it is known that resonance phenomenon or resonance phenomenon occurs with respect to a combustion active chemical species having an electromagnetic wave of a certain wavelength in the far-infrared region, and these contributes to the promotion of combustion (for example, Non-Patent Document 1) .

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-036571 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-161817 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-242769

Technical Report of the Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers Volume 33 Vol.7, pp. 1-8, "Development and Application of Combustion Promotion Technology with Specific Wavelengths in the Far Infrared Region: Challenges to Energy Saving and CO2 Reduction by Electromagnetic Wave Combustion Technique"

Incidentally, in a heat engine, which is an example of a combustion apparatus, if the combustion efficiency of the fuel is the same, the combustion energy increases in proportion to the combustion amount, and if the combustion efficiency is high, the necessary amount of fuel can be reduced. In other words, if the combustion efficiency is low, the amount of fuel is increased if the same energy as in the case of high combustion efficiency is obtained. When the consumption amount of fuel increases, the amount of emission of harmful substances such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, nitrogen oxides, and the like generated by combustion increases, and the burden on the environment increases, resulting in an increase in cost.

With regard to the combustion of fuel, it is known that electromagnetic waves of a specific wavelength having a far infrared ray region cause resonance phenomenon or resonance phenomenon as a combustion active species, thereby contributing to promotion of combustion. Further, there is a belief that an electromagnetic wave including far-infrared rays is obtained from a piezoelectric material.

Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to improve the combustion of fuel based on the above-mentioned knowledge in view of the above problems and to promote combustion.

A second object of the invention is to promote combustion and increase the energy obtained from combustion.

In order to solve the above problems, the combustion promoting method of the present invention is characterized in that a piezoelectric element is provided in the vicinity of a combustion chamber for burning fuel, a magnetic field is applied to the piezoelectric element, and an electromagnetic wave including far- And radiates at least the fuel in the combustion chamber. Thereby, the combustion is activated, the combustion is improved, and the combustion can be promoted. As a result, the consumption of fuel is reduced.

In the combustion promoting method, the temperature of the piezoelectric element may be controlled by heating or cooling the piezoelectric element. When the temperature of the piezoelectric element is low, it may be heated to the temperature range described above. If the piezoelectric element is overheated, it may be cooled to the temperature range.

In the combustion promoting method, preferably, the piezoelectric element may be controlled in a temperature range of 40 占 폚 to 150 占 폚.

In the combustion promoting method, preferably, the magnetic field may be a DC magnetic field or an AC magnetic field.

In the combustion promoting method, preferably, the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field acting on the piezoelectric element may be 50 mT to 300 mT.

In order to solve the above problems, the combustion promoting device of the present invention is a combustion promoting device provided adjacent to a combustion chamber for burning a fuel, generating an electromagnetic wave including a far-infrared ray by the action of a magnetic field, And a magnet for applying the magnetic field to the piezoelectric element.

The combustion promoting apparatus may further include a temperature control unit for heating or cooling the piezoelectric element and controlling the piezoelectric element to a temperature within a predetermined temperature range.

In the above combustion promoting device, preferably, the magnet may be either an electromagnet or a permanent magnet.

In the above-described combustion promoting device, preferably, a magnetic circuit including the magnet may be provided, and the piezoelectric element may be provided in the gap of the magnetic circuit.

In order to solve the above problems, a heat engine of the present invention is a heat engine for converting combustion of fuel into kinetic energy, comprising: a combustion chamber for burning a fuel; an electromagnetic wave generator for generating an electromagnetic wave including far infrared rays by the action of a magnetic field, A piezoelectric element for radiating the fuel; and a magnet for applying the magnetic field to the piezoelectric element.

The heat engine may further include a temperature control unit for heating or cooling the piezoelectric element and controlling the piezoelectric element to a temperature within a predetermined temperature range.

In the above heat engine, preferably, the magnet may be either an electromagnet or a permanent magnet.

According to the present invention, any one of the following effects can be obtained.

(1) By the electromagnetic wave including the far-infrared rays radiated from the piezoelectric element, the combustion of the fuel can be improved and the combustion can be promoted.

(2) Improvement of combustion improves combustion efficiency, increases combustion energy, reduces fuel consumption, and reduces environmental load.

(3) The kinetic energy converted from the combustion of the fuel is increased, and the conversion efficiency into the kinetic energy of the fuel can be improved.

Other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

1 is a view showing an example of a combustion apparatus according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the magnetic yoke portion of the combustion promoting device cut in the horizontal direction.
3 is a diagram showing an example and a modified example of the temperature control unit.
4 is a view showing an example of a heat engine according to the second embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a view showing the fuel injecting apparatus according to the third embodiment. Fig.
6 is a view showing an example of a heat engine according to the fourth embodiment.
7 is a view showing an example of a manufacturing method of the combustion promoting apparatus according to the fifth embodiment.
8 is a diagram showing an example of a generator according to the sixth embodiment.
9 is a diagram showing that the temperature of the piezoelectric element is related to the combustion efficiency.

[First Embodiment]

<Combustion Apparatus and Combustion Promotion Apparatus>

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show an example of the combustion apparatus according to the first embodiment. The configuration shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is an example, and the present invention is not limited to this configuration.

This combustion device 2-1 is an example of the combustion promotion method of the present invention. The combustion device 2-1 includes a combustion promoting device 4 and a combustion chamber 6. The combustion apparatus 2-1 is, for example, a heat engine for burning fuel such as light oil.

The combustion chamber (6) is a space portion for burning the fuel (F). The combustion chamber 6 is supplied with fuel (F) for combustion and air (BA). The air BA contains oxygen necessary for combustion. The exhaust FG generated by the combustion is discharged from the combustion chamber 6. For this fuel (F), for example, light oil is used. Air required for combustion is supplied to the combustion of the fuel (F). A mixture of gasoline and air may be used for the fuel (F).

The combustion promoting device 4 is provided with a magnet 8, a magnetic yoke 10, a piezoelectric element 12, a temperature control unit 14 and an exterior member 16.

The magnet 8 generates a magnetic field M and causes the magnetic field M to act on the piezoelectric element 12. The magnet 8 may be a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. As the permanent magnet, for example, a permanent magnet material such as an anisotropic ferrite magnet, an isotropic ferrite magnet, a neodymium magnet, a samarium cobalt magnet, or an alnico magnet may be used, but other magnet materials may be used.

When an electromagnet is used for the magnet 8, the magnetic field M obtained from the magnet 8 may be a static magnetic field or an alternating magnetic field. In the static magnetic field, a direct current is passed through a coil wound around a magnetic material to magnetize the magnetic material. In the alternating-current magnetic field, an alternating current may flow to magnetize the magnetic material.

The magnet 8 is formed in a cylindrical shape as an example. The height H1 of the magnet 8 is smaller than the diameter? 1 (FIG. 2) of the magnet 8 (H1 <? 1). The magnet 8 may have a shape other than a cylindrical shape.

In this magnet 8, one of the end faces of the cylindrical column, that is, the end face of the cylinder is an N pole, and the other end face is an S pole. The magnetic flux from the N pole reaches the S pole. That is, a magnetic field M is formed. When the magnet 8 is heated together with the piezoelectric element 12, the magnetic field M is generated within the heated temperature range.

The magnetic yoke 10 is magnetized by a magnet 8 and forms a magnetic circuit for passing a magnetic field M to act on the piezoelectric element 12. [ The magnetic yoke 10 may be formed of soft iron, for example.

In this embodiment, the magnetic yoke 10 has, as an example, opposing portions 10-1 and 10-2 and a curved portion 10-3. The opposing portions 10-1 and 10-2 are opposed to each other by the interval L by the curved portion 10-3. These opposing portions 10-1 and 10-2 are, for example, rectangular in width W and depth D. [

A magnet 8 is provided between the opposing portion 10-1 of the magnetic yoke 10 and the opposing portion 10-2 and one surface of the magnet 8 is in close contact with the opposing portion 10-1. The magnetic yoke 10 adhered to the N pole is magnetized to the N pole, and the N pole appears on the inner surface side of the opposing portion 10-2. A magnetic field M is generated between the N pole and the magnetic gap 18 of the S pole of the magnet 8. [ This magnetic field M is a parallel magnetic field. In Fig. 1, the N-pole side of the magnet 8 is disposed on the side of the opposing portion 10-1, but this is merely an example, and the S-pole side may be disposed.

The piezoelectric element 12 has piezoelectricity. The piezoelectric element 12 is made of a piezoelectric material such as quartz, rugasite, etc., a tourmaline, a tourmaline, a lithium hydroxide hydrate, a superalloy or a rochel salt such as bipolar light, barium titanate, lead zirconate titanate (for example, PZT : &Lt; / RTI &gt; trade name). The whole super body is an example of a piezoelectric body, and has piezoelectricity and superconductivity. The ferroelectric is an example of a piezoelectric substance and a super body, and has piezoelectricity and super conductivity. In such a piezoelectric element 12, when the magnetic field M is operated within a constant temperature range, the electromagnetic wave E including the far-infrared rays is generated by exhibiting piezoelectricity or supercharging or both of these functions. The piezoelectric element 12 may be such that such a piezoelectric function is obtained, and may include properties other than piezoelectricity.

As shown in Fig. 2, the piezoelectric element 12 is formed in a cylindrical shape as an example. The height H2 of the piezoelectric element 12 is set smaller than the diameter? 2 of the piezoelectric element 12 (H2 <? 2). The shape of the piezoelectric element 12 may be a shape other than a cylindrical shape.

The piezoelectric element 12 is provided in a magnetic gap 18 between the opposing portion 10-2 of the magnetic yoke 10 and the magnet 8. Thereby, the magnetic field (M) passes through the piezoelectric element (12). The arrangement relationship between the piezoelectric element 12 and the magnet 8 may be such that the magnet 8 and the piezoelectric element 12 are in close contact with each other or the magnetic gap 18 is opposed to each other. That is, a parallel magnetic field M formed by the magnet 8 and the magnetic yoke 10 may be passed through the piezoelectric element 12. The magnetic field M generated from the magnet 8 and converged on the magnetic yoke 10 may be passed through the piezoelectric element 12. [

Although the diameter? 2 of the piezoelectric element 12 is set larger than the diameter? 1 of the magnet 8 in this embodiment, the diameter? 1 of the magnet 8 and the diameter? 2 of the piezoelectric element 12 may be the same , The diameter? 1 of the magnet 8 may be larger than the diameter? 2 of the piezoelectric element 12.

The temperature control unit 14 detects the temperature of the piezoelectric element 12 and heats or cools the piezoelectric element 12 to control the temperature of the piezoelectric element 12 within a predetermined temperature range.

The sheathing member 16 is an example of a casing surrounding and covering the magnet 8, the magnetic yoke 10, the piezoelectric element 12, and the temperature control unit 14. A space portion 20 is formed in the exterior member 16 and the space portion 20 is controlled by the temperature control portion 14 to a constant temperature range. That is, the exterior member 16 suppresses heat radiation from the space portion 20 and external heat.

For example, a heat insulating material such as a glass surface, a rock surface, and a silicone foam may be used for the exterior member 16, for example, a material for blocking the passage of heat such as a heat insulating member. By providing such an exterior member 16, it is possible to prevent heat radiation from the space portion 20 and external heat from being applied, and it is possible to keep the internal temperature of the space portion 20 constant. That is, the exterior member 16 is also a thermal insulation member. By the provision of the exterior member 16, the internal temperature of the space portion 20 is controlled to be within a certain range to reduce the loss of the heating energy, and the external heat from the combustion chamber 6, So that the piezoelectric element 12 is not overheated. The temperature of the piezoelectric element 12 can be prevented from becoming high.

<Combustion promotion function>

The combustion promoting function of the combustion promoting device 4 will be described with respect to this combustion device 2-1.

The magnet 8 magnetizes the magnetic yoke 10 and the magnetic yoke 10 passes the magnetic flux from the magnet 8. The magnetic flux from one of the cylindrical planes of the magnet 8 passes through the magnetic yoke 10 and converges to the magnetic circuit of the magnetic yoke 10 and returns to the other column plane of the magnet 8. A parallel magnetic field M is generated between the magnet 8 and the opposing portion 10-2 of the magnetic yoke 10. [ The magnetic flux passes through the piezoelectric element 12 placed in the magnetic field M. Since the piezoelectric element 12 is provided in the space portion 20 of the exterior member 16, it is controlled to a constant temperature range by the temperature control portion 14.

When a magnetic field M is applied to the piezoelectric element 12 controlled to have such a constant temperature range, an electromagnetic wave E including far-infrared rays is generated by the piezoelectric function in the piezoelectric element 12 and is radiated. The electromagnetic wave E that has passed through the exterior member 16 is radiated to the fuel F and the air BA in the combustion chamber 6.

In the fuel (F) irradiated with the electromagnetic wave (E), the electromagnetic wave (E) acts on the molecules or particles of the fuel (F) to activate the molecules or particles. As described above, the electromagnetic wave E of the specific wavelength having the far-infrared region radiated from the piezoelectric element 12 causes a resonance phenomenon or a resonance phenomenon with respect to the combustion active chemical species of the fuel F. Such a resonance phenomenon or a resonance phenomenon promotes the combustion of the fuel (F). This is also disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1.

As the piezoelectric element 12, for example, a piezoelectric substance, a superalloy, and a ferroelectric substance have a characteristic of generating an electromagnetic wave E including a far-infrared ray. The superalloy and the ferroelectric have characteristics of changing the polarization according to the temperature change. When a magnetic field action is applied to the piezoelectric substance, the superalloy and the ferroelectric substance, an electromagnetic wave (E) including far-infrared rays is generated.

For example, the magnetic flux density B of the magnetic flux generated by the magnet 8 may be approximately 50 [mT (millit Tesler)] or more. When the magnetic flux density B is within this range, (F) can be obtained. The magnetic flux density (B) of 50 [mT] or more and 300 [mT] or less can be easily obtained by the magnetic material already described. When the magnetic flux density B is about 100 [mT] or more or 100 [mT] or more, a sufficient magnetic flux density B is obtained, and the margin ratio becomes large. Therefore, the magnetic flux density B is preferably 50 [mT] or more and 300 [mT] or less, more preferably 100 [mT] or more and 300 [mT] or less.

As an example, the temperature T1 of the piezoelectric element 12 is preferably 40 [占 폚] or more and 150 [占 폚] or less. At the temperature T1 within this range, the combustion promoting action of the fuel (F) by the electromagnetic wave (E) becomes remarkable. Therefore, the temperature T1 is preferably 60 [占 폚] or higher and 110 [占 폚] or lower. At the temperature T1, the combustion promoting action of the fuel (F) by the electromagnetic wave (E) is improved. By this combustion promotion, the fuel F is efficiently burned, contributing to the reduction of the consumption amount of the fuel F. For example, when the magnetic flux density B is in the range of 50 [mT] to 300 [mT] and the temperature T1 of the piezoelectric element 12 is 40 [deg.] C to 150 [ It becomes remarkable. Thus, the combustion promotion of the fuel F is obtained and is improved.

<Temperature Control Unit 14>

Fig. 3 (A) shows an example of the temperature control section 14. Fig. The temperature control unit 14 includes a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) thermistor 22 and a heat generating unit 24. In this embodiment, the heat generating portion 24 is connected to the power source 26 through the PTC thermistor 22. The power source 26 may be an alternating current or a direct current.

The PTC thermistor 22 is an example of a thermal control element. The PTC thermistor 22 controls the current flowing from the power source 26 to the heat generating portion 24 by the heat of the heat. In the PTC thermistor 22, the resistance value is changed with the reference temperature Tc as a boundary. The resistance value of the PTC thermistor 22 shows a reversibility that the temperature rises sharply when the detected temperature exceeds the reference temperature Tc and sharply falls when the detected temperature falls below the reference temperature Tc.

The heat generating portion 24 generates heat by power supply to the power source 26 connected thereto via the PTC thermistor 22. [ For example, a heater or an electric heater may be used as the heat generating portion 24. [ The temperature of the piezoelectric element 12 is heated within a predetermined temperature range.

According to the temperature control unit 14, the temperature is detected by the PTC thermistor 22, and the current supplied to the heat generating unit 24 is controlled by the resistance according to the detection temperature. Thus, the heat generating temperature of the heat generating section 24 can be controlled to a constant temperature range.

The PTC thermistor 22 is provided on the piezoelectric element 12 through the opposing portion 10-2 of the magnetic yoke 10. [ The PTC thermistor 22 provided in the vicinity of the piezoelectric element 12 thus shows an internal resistance according to the temperature detected from the piezoelectric element 12 or the like. When the detected temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature Tc, the heat generating portion 24 generates heat. When the detected temperature is higher than the temperature Tc, the resistance value of the PTC thermistor 22 is increased, The heat generation is suppressed.

Fig. 3B shows a modification of the temperature control section 14. Fig. When the piezoelectric element 12 exceeds the predetermined temperature range, as shown in Fig. 3B, the temperature control section 14 performs cooling (cooling) together with or instead of the heat generating section 24, Section 28 may be provided. The space portion 20 and the piezoelectric element 12 of the exterior member 16 may be cooled by controlling the drive of the cooling portion 28 by the thermal control portion 30 so as to be adjusted to a predetermined temperature range.

&Lt; Effects of First Embodiment >

According to the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) A magnetic field M is added to the piezoelectric element 12 from a magnet 8, and an electromagnetic wave E including a far-infrared ray is generated from the piezoelectric element 12 by a piezoelectric function. The piezoelectric element 12 is heated or cooled by the temperature control unit 14, thereby being maintained at a temperature within a constant temperature range. The electromagnetic wave E containing the far infrared ray generated from the piezoelectric element 12 is radiated to the fuel F and the air BA in the combustion chamber 6. Thereby, the fuel F to be burned in the combustion chamber 6 is activated to promote the combustion.

(2) By this combustion promotion, the combustion of the fuel F is improved, and the combustion state is improved. The combustion speed and the combustion heat are increased.

(3) This combustion promotion promotes the combustion efficiency and contributes to the reduction of the fuel consumption amount.

[Second embodiment]

4 is a view showing an example of a heat engine according to the second embodiment. In Fig. 4, the same components as those in Fig. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

This heat engine 2-2 is an example of the combustion apparatus already described. The heat engine 2-2 is provided with the combustion promoting device 4 already described in the conventional heat exchanger. This heat engine 2-2 is, for example, a diesel engine, and generates kinetic energy by burning fuel F.

The heat engine 2-2 includes a cylinder block portion 32, a cylinder head portion 34, and a crank chamber 36. [

The cylinder block portion 32 is provided with a cylinder 38. This cylinder 38 corresponds to the combustion chamber 6 (FIG. 1) already described. The piston (40) is slidably mounted on the cylinder (38).

The cylinder head portion 34 is provided on the upper side of the piston 40 of the cylinder 38. The cylinder head portion 34 is provided with a fuel injection portion 44, an intake portion 46 and an exhaust portion 48, which are connected to the cylinder 38. The fuel injection portion 44 is disposed at the center of the cylinder 38. [ The intake portion 46 and the exhaust portion 48 are disposed laterally with the fuel injection portion 44 therebetween.

The fuel injector 44 is provided with a fuel valve 50. The intake portion 46 is provided with an intake valve 52. An exhaust valve (54) is provided in the exhaust part (48). By opening the fuel valve 50, the fuel F is injected into the cylinder 38. By opening the intake valve 52, the air BA is supplied into the cylinder 38. The combustion exhaust FG is also extruded by the piston 40 from the cylinder 38 by opening the exhaust valve 54. [

A water jacket 56 is provided on the outer surface of the cylinder 38. The water jacket 56 is an example of a cooling section. The water jacket 56 is provided with a water passageway 58 for passing cooling water through the water passageway 58. Thereby, the heat of the cylinder 38 is heat-exchanged with the cooling water, and the cylinder 38 is cooled, thereby preventing the cylinder 38 from overheating.

A crankshaft 60 is provided in the crank chamber 36 and a piston 40 is connected to the crankshaft 60 by a connecting rod 62. The upward and downward movement of the piston 40 is transmitted to the crankshaft 60 by the connecting rod 62 and is converted into rotational motion.

In this heat engine 2-2, mechanical energy is output by the suction process, the compression process, the combustion process, and the exhaust process.

(1) Suction process

In this suction process, the inflow of the air BA opens the intake valve 52, and the air BA flows into the cylinder 38 from the intake portion 46, and is held in the cylinder 38. [ The intake valve 52 is closed when the piston 40 reaches the lower portion of the stroke S and is opened while the piston 40 descends from the upper side of the stroke S downward.

(2) Compression process

In the compression process, the fuel valve 50, the intake valve 52, and the exhaust valve 54 are closed. In this state, when the piston 40 rises, the air BA in the cylinder 38 is compressed and the temperature of the air BA rises. This temperature reaches, for example, several hundred degrees.

(3) Combustion process

When the piston 40 reaches the top dead center of the stroke S, the fuel valve 50 is opened and the fuel F compressed at a high pressure is injected into the cylinder 38. The fuel F is compressed in the cylinder 38 and reacts with the air BA reaching a few hundred degrees and burns. This combustion is an explosion. The fuel F injected into the cylinder 38 is irradiated with the electromagnetic wave E containing the far infrared ray from the combustion promoting device 4 and the combustion by the electromagnetic wave E is promoted as described above. The combustion of the mixed fuel including the fuel F and the air BA is promoted and the combustion is in an explosion state and the combustion acceleration function of the electromagnetic wave E is applied and the explosive force is increased. The combustion exhaust (FG) is generated by this combustion. The combustion gas in the cylinder 38 is in an expanded state and the piston 40 is pulled down to the bottom dead center of the stroke S. That is, the fuel F is explosively burnt, and this combustion energy moves the piston 40 to be converted into kinetic energy.

(4) Exhaust process

When the piston 40 is pulled down to the lower portion of the stroke S, the piston 40 is switched to the upward motion by the inertial movement of the crankshaft 60. At this time, the exhaust valve 54 is opened, and the combustion exhaust FG in the cylinder 38 is released to the outside air.

In the suction process and the combustion process of the heat engine 2-2, the fuel F and the air BA in the cylinder 38 are irradiated with the radiation of the electromagnetic wave E including far-infrared rays from the combustion promoting device 4 , Whereby the fuel F and the air BA are activated and the combustion of the fuel F is promoted.

In this heat engine 2-2, the area of the cylindrical plane of the piezoelectric element 12 is (? X? 2 x? 2) / 4. The electromagnetic wave E already described is emitted to the fuel F and the air BA in the combustion space of the cylinder 38 from the plane of the piezoelectric element 12. [

<Features and Effects of the Second Embodiment>

Features, advantages, modifications and the like of the second embodiment will be listed below.

(1) Since the electromagnetic wave E containing the far-infrared rays is irradiated from the piezoelectric element 12 to the fuel F and the air BA which are burned in the cylinder 38, the combustion of the fuel F is improved, .

(2) Since the temperature of the piezoelectric element 12 is controlled to a constant temperature range by the temperature control unit 14 and the magnetic field M is applied by the magnet 8 and the magnetic yoke 10, An electromagnetic wave E can be obtained.

(3) The combustion of the fuel F is improved, the fuel F in the cylinder 38 is activated, the combustion of the fuel F is promoted in the combustion process of the heat engine 2-2, do. As a result, the fuel consumption amount of the heat engine 2-2 can be reduced or the amount of work per unit fuel can be increased. That is, if the fuel consumption is equal, the work amount of the heat engine 2-2, that is, the kinetic energy, increases.

(4) The combustion promoting device 4 can be constituted by, for example, a permanent magnet, a piezoelectric material, a magnetic yoke 10, a heater and the like, and can be realized by a relatively inexpensive material. That is, the combustion promoting device 4 is obtained by the low manufacturing cost, and the high efficiency of the heat engine 2-2 can be realized.

(5) The combustion promoting device 4 can be installed outside the heat engine 2-2, and there is no need to change the configuration of the heat engine 2-2, so that the installation is easy and the equipment is not complicated.

[Third embodiment]

Fig. 5 shows a fuel injecting apparatus according to the third embodiment. In Fig. 5, the same components as those in Fig. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

This fuel injection device 64 is an example of a combustion promoting device and has a fuel injection function together with a combustion promoting function. The fuel injection device 64 includes the combustion promoting device 4 already described, and the same parts as those of the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.

This fuel injection device 64 has a housing 66 and a combustion promoting device 4 is installed in the housing 66. [ The combustion promoting device 4 is provided with the magnet 8, the magnetic yoke 10, the piezoelectric element 12 and the temperature control unit 14 as described above. The sheath member 16 already described is also used as the housing 66. [

In the fuel injector 64, the piezoelectric element 12 included in the combustion promoting device 4 functions as a piezoelectric actuator. In this embodiment, the piezoelectric element 12 has a laminated structure in which members having piezoelectric properties are laminated. According to the piezoelectric element 12 having such a laminated structure, a large mechanical displacement can be obtained as compared with a piezoelectric element composed of a single-layer piezoelectric element.

A fuel supply pipe 68 and an injection nozzle unit 70 are formed in the housing 66. The fuel supply pipe 68 is a passage for guiding the fuel F to the injection nozzle unit 70 side via the side surface of the fuel injection device 64. The injection nozzle unit 70 is formed at the tip end side of the housing 66 and has a fuel injection hole 72. An injection valve 74 for opening and closing the fuel injection hole 72 is provided on the inside of the injection nozzle unit 70 so as to be slidable. A valve control section 76 is provided between the injection valve 74 and the piezoelectric element 12 constituting the piezoelectric actuator. The piezoelectric element 12 generates a mechanical displacement as a piezoelectric actuator, and this mechanical displacement is transmitted to the injection valve 74 through the valve control part 76. That is, the injection valve 74 is operated by the mechanical displacement of the piezoelectric element 12. Thereby, the injection of the fuel F or the injection stop thereof is controlled.

The piezoelectric element 12 is connected to the feeding part 80 through an electric wiring 78. [ The power feeder 80 is, for example, an electrical connector and is connected to a drive circuit. When electric charges are charged in the electric wiring 78 by the drive circuit, mechanical displacement is shortened by the piezoelectric effect to the piezoelectric element 12, for example. By this short axis of the piezoelectric element 12, the valve control portion 76 is drawn and moved. At this time, the injection valve 74 is spaced from the valve seat portion of the fuel injection hole 72. That is, the fuel injection hole 72 is opened, and the fuel F is injected.

Further, when the electric charge of the electric wiring 78 is discharged by the drive circuit, a mechanical displacement occurs in the piezoelectric element 12, that is, the short axis described above is released and returned to the original state (extended state). When the valve control portion 76 is returned to its original position in response to the mechanical displacement of the piezoelectric element 12, the injection valve 74 is brought into close contact with the valve seat side. That is, the fuel injection hole 72 is closed, and the injection of the fuel F is released (stopped).

&Lt; Effect of Third Embodiment >

(1) In this fuel injector 64, an electromagnetic wave E including far-infrared rays is generated in the piezoelectric element 12 together with the fuel injection control of the piezoelectric element 12. This electromagnetic wave E can be irradiated to the fuel F passing through the fuel supply pipe 68 to activate particles or molecules of the fuel F. [

(2) In the heat engine provided with the fuel injection device 64, the electromagnetic wave (E) can be irradiated to activate the combustion of the fuel (F).

[Fourth Embodiment]

Fig. 6 shows a heat engine pipe 2-3 according to the fourth embodiment. In Fig. 6, the same components as those in Fig. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

This heat engine tube 2-3 is provided with a fuel injection device 64 instead of the combustion promoting device 4 and the fuel valve 50 provided in the heat pipe 2-2 (FIG. 4) already described. That is, a fuel injection device 64 having a fuel injection function and a combustion promotion function is provided.

The fuel F is sprayed from the fuel injector 64 to the cylinder 38 and the electromagnetic wave E containing the far infrared rays is emitted from the fuel injector 64 to the fuel 38 in the cylinder 38 BA. In this configuration, the electromagnetic waves E irradiated in the fuel injecting apparatus 64 and the electromagnetic waves E emitted from the fuel injecting apparatus 64 are injected into the fuel F passing through the fuel injecting apparatus 64 Is also irradiated to the fuel F and the air BA in the cylinder 38. [ As a result, the combustion of the fuel F is promoted, and the explosive force is increased.

&Lt; Effect of Fourth Embodiment >

(1) In addition to the effects already described, since the combustion promoting device 4 is incorporated in the fuel injecting device 64, the combustion promoting device 4 can be made compact.

(2) In addition to the injection function of the fuel F, the fuel injection device 64 can irradiate the fuel F during the passage with the electromagnetic wave E, thereby activating the fuel F before the injection can do.

(3) An electromagnetic wave E including far-infrared rays can be radiated to the fuel F in the cylinder 38 from the fuel injection device 64 provided in the head portion of the cylinder 38, .

(4) In this embodiment, by irradiating the electromagnetic wave E to the fuel F before the jetting and irradiating the electromagnetic wave E to the fuel F in the injected cylinder 38, Multiple irradiation is obtained, and activation of the fuel F and promotion of combustion can be enhanced.

(5) Since the combustion promoting device 4 is incorporated in the fuel injection device 64, the combustion promoting function is obtained without changing the mechanical structure of the conventional cylinder 38 or the like on the side of the heat engine tube 2-3, The operation cost of the heat engine (2-3) can be reduced.

[Fifth Embodiment]

Fig. 7 shows an example of a manufacturing method of the combustion promoting device 4. As shown in Fig. In this embodiment, the temperature control section 14 is provided on the magnet 8 side.

This manufacturing process includes the steps of forming the magnetic yoke 10, installing the magnet 8 and the piezoelectric element 12 to the magnetic yoke 10, installing the temperature control unit 14, Installation process.

In the process of forming the magnetic yoke 10, as shown in Fig. 7A, a magnetic yoke 10 of a U-shape is formed by using a soft iron plate, for example.

7A, a magnet 8 is provided on the inner surface side of the opposing portion 10-1 of the magnetic yoke 10, and a magnet 8 is provided on the inner surface side of the opposing portion 10-1 of the magnetic yoke 10. In the step of installing the magnet 8 and the piezoelectric element 12, The piezoelectric element 12 is provided on the upper surface of the portion 10-2. Thereby, the magnetic field (M) is passed through the piezoelectric element (12).

In the step of installing the temperature control section 14, for example, as shown in Fig. 7B, the temperature control section 14 is provided on the upper surface of the opposing section 10-1 of the magnetic yoke 10. [ The temperature control unit 14 is formed in advance. In this temperature control section 14, the thermal control element 220 is connected to the heater 240 in series by the electric wiring 82. The heater 240 is an example of the heat generating portion 24, and is an electric heater.

7C, the periphery of the magnetic yoke 10, the magnet 8, the piezoelectric element 12, and the temperature control unit 14 is attached to the exterior member 16 in the step of installing the exterior member 16, Lt; / RTI &gt; The exterior member 16 is made of, for example, a heat insulating sheet. The yoke 10 and the temperature control unit 14 are surrounded by the sheath member 16 and the sheath member 16 is fastened with a binding strap 84. Thereby, the combustion promoting device 4 is kept covered by the sheathing member 16.

For example, the following specifications or constituent members may be used for the magnet 8, the magnetic yoke 10, the piezoelectric element 12, the thermal control element 220, the heater 240 and the sheathing member 16.

[Magnet (8)]

Material: ferrite magnets

Shape: disk shape, diameter (Φ) = 30 [mm], height (H) = 6 [mm]

Magnetic flux density (B) = about 100 [mT]

[Magnetic yoke (10)]

Material: Wrought Iron

Thickness (t): 2 [mm]

[Piezoelectric element 12]

Material: Manufactured by Morgan PZT (lead zirconate titanate)

(Φ) = 40 [mm], inner diameter = 14 [mm], height (H) = 7 [mm]

[The thermal control element 220]

Poly-switch manufactured by Raychem Co.

The poly switch is an example of the PTC thermistor already described. As described above, the electric power supplied to the heater 240 is controlled using the property (reversibility) that the resistance value abruptly increases or decreases around the reference temperature Tc. When the temperature of the poly switch becomes less than the reference temperature Tc, the power applied to the heater 240 increases. On the other hand, when the temperature of the poly switch rises to the reference temperature Tc, the resistance value rises, so that the power applied to the heater 240 is limited. By the operation of the poly switch, the temperature of the piezoelectric element 12 is controlled to, for example, 90 [deg.] C.

[Heater 240]

Output: 5 [W]

(Exterior member 16)

Material: glass surface

The configuration and the specification are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to such a configuration and specification.

[Sixth Embodiment]

Fig. 8 shows an example of the engine generator 2-4 according to the sixth embodiment. In this engine generator 2-4, the combustion promoting device 4 (Fig. 1) already described is provided.

The engine generator 2-4 is an example of the heat engine 2-2. The engine generator 2-4 includes an engine section 86, a power generation section 88, and a battery 90. [ The engine portion 86 may be provided with an engine portion including the cylinder block portion 32, the cylinder head portion 34 and the crank chamber 36 of the heat pipe 2-2 described above. The combustion promoting device 4 described above is provided on the side surface of the engine portion 86. The distance from the surface of the upper side surface of the engine section 86 to the piezoelectric element 12 is set to, for example, about 3 [cm]. In the engine section 86, a rotational force is generated as kinetic energy by the combustion of the fuel F. By this rotational force, the power generation section 88 is generated. The battery 90 is charged with the power generation output. The output of the battery 90 is applied to the temperature control unit 14 through the electric wiring 82. [

The engine part 86 is irradiated with an electromagnetic wave E including far-infrared rays from the combustion promoting device 4 to accelerate the combustion of the fuel F in the engine part 86. [

In the engine generator 2-4, for example, an engine generator of the following specifications or configuration is used. The following specifications or configurations are exemplary.

[Engine generator (2-4)]

Manufacturer: Hager Industries

Model: HG6500CE diesel generator

Engine: 4 strokes, single cylinder, air-cooled engine

Engine power: 9.9 [HP (horse power)] (7.4 [kW])

Engine speed: 3600 [rpm]

Engine displacement: 406 [cc]

〔Experiment〕

In this experiment, the fuel consumption amount was measured for the engine generator 2-4. A load having a net resistance of 1.2 [kW] was connected to the output portion of the engine generator 2-4 and operated under such a load condition. The consumption time consuming 10 [cc] of light oil was compared with the presence of the combustion promoting device 4.

This measurement was started after stabilizing the engine section 86 after a warm-up operation of about several minutes. The fuel consumption amount was measured a plurality of times, and an average value of the obtained fuel consumption amount was calculated.

In the case where the combustion promoting device 4 is not provided, 10 [cc] of light oil was consumed for 41 seconds.

On the other hand, in the case where the combustion promoting device 4 is provided, as compared with the case where 10 [cc] of the diesel oil is consumed for 57 seconds and the combustion promoting device 4 is not provided, .

The combustion efficiency was obtained by dividing the consumption time of the light oil in the engine section 86 provided with the combustion promoting device 4 by the consumption time of the light oil in the engine section 86 in which the combustion promoting device 4 was not provided. In the above experimental example, the combustion efficiency was about 1.39, and an efficiency improvement of 39% was confirmed.

In this experimental example, the magnetic flux density B of the magnet 8 is set to about 100 [mT], that is, about 100 [mT] or 100 [mT]. On the other hand, it was confirmed that the same combustion efficiency as that in the above experimental example was obtained even if it was in the range of, for example, 100 to 300 [mT].

〔Experiment result〕

Fig. 9 shows a characteristic curve obtained by an experiment. In Fig. 9, the horizontal axis represents the temperature [占 폚] of the piezoelectric element 12, and the vertical axis represents the combustion efficiency. In the experiment, the relationship between the temperature of the piezoelectric element 12 and the combustion efficiency of the engine generator 2-4 was verified in order to verify the combustion promoting function of the combustion promoter 4. That is, the combustion efficiency is increased or decreased with respect to the temperature change of the piezoelectric element 12 of the combustion promoting device 4 provided outside the engine portion 86. The combustion promotion is most promoted within the temperature range of 60 [占 폚] to 110 占 폚 with respect to the combustion efficiency in the temperature range in which the temperature of the piezoelectric element 12 is in the range of 40 [占 폚] to 150 [占 폚] It can be understood that the combustion efficiency is increasing. As apparent from the experimental results, the combustion efficiency of the engine generator 2-4, which is irradiated with the electromagnetic wave E emitted from the piezoelectric element 12, changes with temperature, and the irradiation of the electromagnetic wave E The combustion efficiency is influenced, and high efficiency is being promoted.

9, the combustion efficiency increases as the temperature of the piezoelectric element 12 rises from 40 [deg.] C to 86 [deg.] C, and the combustion efficiency becomes e3 = 1.39 at 86 [deg.] C , The combustion efficiency becomes the best. If it exceeds 86 [deg.] C, the combustion efficiency falls in accordance with the temperature rise. When the temperature of the piezoelectric element is 60 [deg.] C, the combustion efficiency becomes e1, and when the temperature exceeds 60 [deg.] C, the increasing ratio of the combustion efficiency increases. Further, when the temperature of the piezoelectric element 12 is 70 [deg.] C, the combustion efficiency becomes e2, and when the temperature exceeds 70 [deg.] C, the increasing rate of the combustion efficiency becomes larger.

The combustion efficiency becomes a value of e1 or more in the range of 60 to 110 [占 폚], and good combustion efficiency is obtained. A value of e2 or more is obtained in a range of 70 [deg.] C to 105 [deg.] C, and better combustion efficiency is obtained. As is evident from the results of this experiment, when the combustion promoting device 4 is installed, the fuel consumption of the heat engine is reduced.

In the above experimental example, the distance from the surface of the upper side of the engine to the piezoelectric element 12 is set at about 3 [cm], but a reduction effect of fuel consumption is expected even at about 10 [cm].

Although PZT having a height H = 7 [mm] is used in the above embodiment, the same effect can be obtained by substituting PZT used in a fuel injecting apparatus using a piezoelectric material, that is, PZT having a laminated structure.

[Other Embodiments]

Modifications and the like are enumerated for the above-described embodiments or examples.

(1) Although the temperature control unit 14 is provided as the heating means in the above embodiment, the piezoelectric element 12 may be heated by heat generated in the heat engine. The piezoelectric element 12 can be heated and the electromagnetic wave E can be irradiated to the fuel F even when the heat pipe is used as the heating means.

(2) In the above embodiment, the magnetic yoke 10 is provided in order to allow the parallel magnetic field to pass through the piezoelectric element 12 by the single magnet 8. However, instead of the magnetic yoke 10, And a parallel magnetic field may be passed through the piezoelectric element 12 as a magnet.

(3) In the third embodiment, the magnetic yoke 10 may be constituted by the housing 66. In this configuration, the combustion promoting device 4 and the fuel injecting device 64 can be made lighter. In the case where the combustion promoting device 4 is applied to a heat engine of a moving means such as an automobile, a railroad or a ship, the weight of the combustion promoting device 4 is reduced by the weight reduction of the combustion promoting device 4 The energy required for the movement of the moving means can be reduced, and the amount of fuel can be reduced.

(4) In the above embodiment, an example of the diesel engine is shown in the heat engine 2-2, but other heat engines such as a gasoline engine, a jet engine, and a rocket engine may be used. The engine may be a two-cycle engine, a four-cycle engine, a rotary engine, or the like.

(5) The installation position of the combustion promoting device 4 is not limited to the position directly above the cylinder head 34, but may be provided in the vicinity of the cylinder 38. For example, it may be provided on the side surface of the cylinder 38, or it may be a position capable of irradiating the electromagnetic wave E to the fuel F. [

(6) Although the magnetic yoke 10 is horseshoe-like, it may be an annular shape. The configuration of the magnetic yoke 10 is not limited to the C-shape insofar as the piezoelectric element 12 is provided in the magnetic gap 18.

(7) Although the magnets 8 and the piezoelectric elements 12 are provided inside the sheath member 16 in the above embodiment, the electromagnetic wave E emitted from the piezoelectric elements 12 is transmitted to the sheath member 16 It may be composed of a material that passes through.

As described above, the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described. The present invention is not limited to the above description. Various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art based on the claims or on the gist of the invention disclosed in the specification. It goes without saying that such variations and modifications are included in the scope of the present invention.

2-1: Combustion device
2-2, 2-3:
2-4: Engine generator
4: Combustion promoter
6: Combustion chamber
F: Fuel
BA: Air
FG: Exhaust
8: Magnet
10: magnetic yoke
10-1, 10-2:
10-3: Bend section
12: piezoelectric element
14:
16: outer member
18: magnetic gap
20:
22: PTC thermistor
24:
26: Power supply
28:
30:
32: Cylinder block part
34: cylinder head portion
36: Crankcase
38: Cylinder
40: Piston
44: fuel injector
46:
48:
50: Fuel valve
52: intake valve
54: Exhaust valve
56: Water jacket
58:
60: crankshaft
62: connecting rod
64: fuel injection device
66: Housing
68: fuel supply pipe
70: injection nozzle part
72: fuel injection hole
74: injection valve
76: Valve control section
78: Electrical wiring
80:
82: Electrical wiring
84: Binding strap
86: engine section
88:
90: Battery
220: Thermal control element
240: heater

Claims (12)

A piezoelectric element is provided in the vicinity of a combustion chamber for combusting fuel,
Applying a magnetic field to the piezoelectric element,
Characterized in that an electromagnetic wave including far-infrared rays generated in the piezoelectric element is radiated to at least the fuel of the combustion chamber. The combustion promoting method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the piezoelectric element is controlled by heating or cooling the piezoelectric element. The combustion promoting method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the piezoelectric element is controlled in a temperature range of 40 占 폚 to 150 占 폚. 4. The combustion promoting method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the magnetic field is a direct-current magnetic field or an alternating-current magnetic field. The combustion promoting method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field acting on the piezoelectric element is 50 mT to 300 mT. A combustion promoting device provided adjacent to a combustion chamber for combusting fuel,
A piezoelectric element for generating an electromagnetic wave including a far-infrared ray by the action of a magnetic field and radiating the electromagnetic wave at least to the fuel,
And a magnet for applying the magnetic field to the piezoelectric element. The combustion promoting apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a temperature control section for heating or cooling the piezoelectric element and controlling the piezoelectric element to a temperature within a predetermined temperature range. The combustion promoting device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the magnet is an electromagnet or a permanent magnet. The combustion promoting device according to any one of claims 6 to 8, further comprising a magnetic circuit including the magnet, wherein the piezoelectric element is provided in the gap of the magnetic circuit. A heat engine for converting combustion of fuel into kinetic energy,
A combustion chamber for combusting fuel,
A piezoelectric element for generating an electromagnetic wave including a far-infrared ray by the action of a magnetic field and radiating the electromagnetic wave at least to the fuel,
And a magnet for applying the magnetic field to the piezoelectric element. The heat engine according to claim 10, further comprising a temperature control unit for heating or cooling the piezoelectric element and controlling the piezoelectric element to a temperature within a predetermined temperature range. The heat engine according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the magnet is an electromagnet or a permanent magnet.

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