KR20150096266A - Combined cogeneration Organic Rankine cycle electricity generation system - Google Patents

Combined cogeneration Organic Rankine cycle electricity generation system Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20150096266A
KR20150096266A KR1020140017508A KR20140017508A KR20150096266A KR 20150096266 A KR20150096266 A KR 20150096266A KR 1020140017508 A KR1020140017508 A KR 1020140017508A KR 20140017508 A KR20140017508 A KR 20140017508A KR 20150096266 A KR20150096266 A KR 20150096266A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
heat
heat source
heat exchanger
cycle
organic rankine
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KR1020140017508A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
김영선
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김영선
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Priority to KR1020140017508A priority Critical patent/KR20150096266A/en
Publication of KR20150096266A publication Critical patent/KR20150096266A/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D10/00—District heating systems
    • F24D10/003—Domestic delivery stations having a heat exchanger
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/17—District heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
    • Y02P80/15—On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply

Abstract

The present invention provides a miniature cogeneration ORC power generation system utilizing a heat pump system as a heat supply system in combination with an organic Rankine cycle.
When the heat pump system and the organic Rankine cycle are combined as described above, the heat exchanger of the heat pump system can be shared with the organic Rankine cycle, thereby making it possible to construct an economical and efficient compact cogeneration ORC power generation system.
In addition, the heat pump cycle heat recovery cycle air ventilation system is designed as an air conditioning type, and the heat energy is absorbed from the air, and the cooled air is supplied not only to the outside but also for cooling.
In addition, when the auxiliary heat source supply system is constructed and the generation of electricity is impossible due to the cold outside temperature condition, it is possible to supply the heat source from the auxiliary heat source supply system and produce simultaneous power with heating.

Figure pat00001

Description

[0001] Combined cogeneration [0002] Organic Rankine cycle electricity generation system [

Heat pump system technology is used to generate a small cogeneration ORC power generation system that generates heat by supplying heat source from various heat sources such as biomes, LNG, coal, and methane gas to an organic Rankine cycle power generation source, .

Generally, there have been proposed methods in which electricity is produced using a cogeneration plant or plant waste heat using an organic Rankine cycle, or in which a refrigerant turbine is installed instead of an expansion valve in a heat pump cooling and heating system.

In the organic Rankine cycle, the turbine is rotated by the vapor pressure of the working heat medium to produce electricity, and the cooling fan is turned to cool the air to change the phase of the heat medium from gas to liquid or to condense it with cooling water Lt; / RTI >

(Korea Patent Registration No. 10-0960609 Refrigerant Turbine Generator)

The organic Rankine cycle generates electricity by utilizing only the kinetic energy of the refrigerant, and does not utilize the latent heat of condensation of the refrigerant. In the heat pump cooling and heating system, only the latent heat of condensation of the refrigerant is utilized and the kinetic energy of the fluid refrigerant is not utilized .

In the heat pump system, instead of the expansion valve, a refrigerant turbine is installed to utilize the kinetic energy of the fluid refrigerant. However, although the overall efficiency is improved by recovering 30 to 50% of the power consumed by the refrigerant compressor, none.

(Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1166154, Binary Refrigeration Cycle Heat Pump Using Refrigerant Turbine Generator)

In the case of generating electricity from the waste heat by utilizing the organic Rankine cycle, it is easy to secure economical efficiency because it recovers energy from the discarded heat anyway. However, the low temperature heat source from the unheated energy source, In order to produce a heat source, it is necessary to use commercial electricity. In this case, it is necessary to produce more electric power than the supplied electric power, and the electric power of the power generation system can be recovered in a short time.

To be economical, the efficiency of a two-cycle heat pump system consisting of an organic Rankine cycle and a heat acquisition cycle and a high temperature transfer cycle should be increased.

In the case of selecting the underground heat source as the heat source for the heat acquisition cycle, it is possible to secure a stable heat source during the year, but the initial excessive investment cost is problematic in installing the underground heat exchanger. In case of the air heat source, Power generation becomes difficult.

In the case of generating electricity using only air heat sources, the system efficiency of the air heat source power generation system is inevitably sensitive to seasonal outside temperature conditions. In particular, economic development becomes difficult under conditions where the outside temperature is very low in winter.

In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to solve the problem by using a means for raising the efficiency of the power generation system and a heat source other than the air heat source.

In order to increase the overall efficiency of the power generation system, the present invention is characterized in that after a refrigerant turbine is rotated by supersaturated steam of an organic Rankine cycle operation heat medium, a latent heat of condensation which is condensed by air or cooling water for phase change of a low- Cycle transfer,

And the organic Rankine cycle is condensed and liquefied at a low temperature to improve the efficiency of the organic Rankine cycle by increasing the vapor pressure difference across the refrigerant turbine to increase the refrigerant turbine efficiency, The high-temperature transfer cycle, which supplies heat to the Rankine cycle, produces high-calorie heat from the heat absorbed in the heat-up cycle and the heat supplied by the organic Rankine cycle, and then supplies it as a heat source to produce electricity in the organic Rankine cycle. Efficiency can be increased.

In the case of cold regions during the year, it is difficult to produce commercially effective power using only air heat source. Therefore, it is necessary to supplement heat source to various heat sources such as biomass, methane gas, waste wood, LNG and LPG It can be supplied as a heat source, used together with an air heat source, converted into heat by a heat pump system, and supplied to an organic Rankine cycle, thereby producing electricity at the same time as the coldest heating.

In the cold weather conditions, it utilizes various auxiliary heat sources at the same time as the air heat source. In the summer, it absorbs the air heat source and uses the cooled air for indoor cooling. By providing an ORC power generation system, it is possible to use various renewable energy as auxiliary heat source, which can solve the global warming problem by reducing carbon emission.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a small cogeneration ORC power generation system according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is a view showing an example of the air heat source power generation and cooling supply example of the small cogeneration ORC power generation system of the present invention
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the results of the power generation and heating supply examples of the air heat source and the auxiliary heat source of the small cogeneration ORC power generation system of the present invention

1 is an embodiment of a small cogeneration ORC power generation system of the present invention.

The heat acquisition cycle 300 of the present invention is a cycle in which the second compressor 301, the second heat exchanger 203, the second expansion valve 302, the outside air evaporator 303, the third heat exchanger 310, .

The high temperature delivery cycle 200 is also connected to the first compressor 201, the first heat exchanger 104, the third heat exchanger 310, the first expansion valve 202 and the second heat exchanger 203, .

In the present invention, a heat pump system composed of the heat acquisition cycle (300) and the high temperature transfer cycle (200) is utilized as a heat supply system.

High temperature transfer cycle (200). The surplus condensation heat of the working heat medium is transferred to the heat acquisition cycle 300 through the third heat exchanger 310 so that the heat recovery cycle 300 is allowed to absorb the heat medium together with the air heat source, The efficiency of the system can be maintained.

The organic Rankine cycle 100, which receives the heat source from the heat pump system and produces electric power, includes a first heat exchanger 104, a microturbine 101 axially connected to the generator 102, a second heat exchanger 207, , And the compression pump 103 constitutes a closed loop.

In the present invention, by combining the organic Rankine cycle 100 and the heat pump system as a heat supply system, the organic Rankine cycle can be operated without the need for a separate evaporator and condenser, by connecting the first heat exchanger 104 of the heat pump system to the evaporator , And the second heat exchanger is used as a condenser to simplify the system, thereby making it possible to construct an economical small-scale cogeneration ORC power generation system.

The working heating medium of the organic Rankine cycle 100 uses heat of the heat source supplied from the heat pump system to become supersaturated vapor and to use a refrigerant having a low boiling point to turn the microturbine 101.

The low-pressure gaseous working heat medium from the microturbine 101 is condensed in the second heat exchanger 203 and is phase-changed into a liquid state and sent to the first heat exchanger 104 by the compression pump 103, I repeat.

In the process of generating electric power in the small cogeneration ORC power generation system, the heat-exchanged air in the outdoor air evaporator 303 of the heat acquisition cycle 300 is cooled. In order to utilize the cooling air for cooling, a heat exchange air outlet 307 connected to the outside air duct 309, an outside air evaporator 303, a blower 305, and an air supply / exhaust duct 308 are connected. A cooling air duct 308 for supplying cooling air to the room through a control duct 317 for controlling the air supply damper 306 or an exhaust damper 314 for cooling the air exhausted through the air supply damper 314, And discharges it to the outside through the exhaust duct 315. [

The present invention can utilize an auxiliary heat source in addition to the heat source supplied by the heat pump system through the first heat exchanger 104 in order to generate electric power simultaneously with heating even in a cold outside air temperature condition in which the small cogeneration ORC power generation system is cold.

The auxiliary heat source supply system 400 includes an auxiliary heat source boiler 401 capable of acquiring a heat source from biomass, methane gas, waste wood pallets, scrap wood, etc., and an auxiliary heat source heat exchanger 401 connected with a circulation conduit having a circulation pump 402 A circulation conduit having a circulation pump 407 is connected between the heat storage tank 403 and the auxiliary heat source heat exchanger 403 to store heat from the auxiliary heat source boiler 401 in the storage tank 408 Heating / hot water supply.

The closed loop is constituted by the heat storage tank 408, the circulation pump 407, the auxiliary heat source heat exchanger 403 and the first heat exchanger 104 by the solenoid valve control 404 OFF, 405, 406 ON, The heat source from the heat pump system 401 is transferred to the organic Rankine cycle 100 so that the working heat medium of the organic Rankine cycle 100 is primarily supplied with the heat source from the heat pump system through the first heat exchanger 104, Second, the heat source is supplied from the auxiliary heat source, so that the electric power can be produced even if the outside air temperature condition is low so that a sufficient heat source can not be supplied from the heat pump system.

2 shows an example of the air heat source power generation and cooling supply of the small cogeneration ORC power generation system of the present invention. FIG. 3 shows a flow of generating and heating supply of the air heat source and the auxiliary heat source using the small cogeneration ORC power generation system of the present invention.

100: Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)
101: Microturbine
102: generator
103: Compressor pump
104: first heat exchanger
200: High temperature transfer cycle
201: first compressor
202: first expansion valve
203: second heat exchanger
300: Heat recovery cycle
301: Second compressor
302: second expansion valve
303: outside evaporator
304: outside air inlet
305: blower
306: Heat exchange duct
307: Heat exchange air outlet
308: Supply / exhaust duct
309: Outdoor duct
310: Third heat exchanger
314: exhaust control damper
315: exhaust duct
316: Supply control damper
317: Supply duct
400: Auxiliary heat source supply system
401: Auxiliary heat source boiler
402, 407, 409: circulation pump
403: Auxiliary heat source heat exchanger
404, 405, 406: solenoid valve
408:
410: Heating / hot water supply conduit
411: Heating water pipe

Claims (6)

In a small cogeneration ORC power generation system,
A heat acquisition cycle (300) constituting a closed loop by a second compressor, a second heat exchanger, a second expansion valve, an outside air evaporator, and a third heat exchanger;
A high temperature transfer cycle (200) constituting a closed loop with a first compressor, a first heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a first expansion valve, and a second heat exchanger;
A first heat exchanger, a micro turbine shaft connected to the generator, a second heat exchanger, an organic Rankine cycle (100) constituting a closed loop with a compression pump;
A heat pump system composed of the heat acquisition cycle and the dual cycle;

Wherein the heat pump system and the organic Rankine cycle are configured to generate power by receiving heat from the heat pump system.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first heat exchanger and the auxiliary heat source boiler are directly connected to the circulation conduit such that the organic Rankine cycle generates heat by simultaneously supplying the heat source from the heat pump system and the auxiliary heat source boiler.
The method according to claim 1,
A supplementary heat source supply system for supplying heat / hot water by storing the heat source from the auxiliary heat source boiler and storing the heat source in the heat storage tank is connected to the heat storage tank, the auxiliary heat source heat exchanger, the auxiliary heat source heat exchanger and the auxiliary heat source boiler, (400);

The auxiliary heat source supply system forms a closed loop by the heat storage tank, the circulation pump, the auxiliary heat source heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger by the solenoid valve control so that the organic Rankine cycle receives the heat source from the heat pump system and the auxiliary heat source boiler, A small cogeneration ORC power generation system.
The method according to claim 1,
The heat acquisition cycle operation heat medium absorbs the air heat source through the outside air evaporator and further absorbs the surplus condensation heat of the working heat medium of the high temperature transfer cycle in the third heat exchanger to supply the heat source to the organic Rankine cycle through the first heat exchanger of the high temperature transfer cycle Supply heat pump system
Wherein the ORC power generation system comprises:
The method according to claim 1,
The heat pump system, which is a heat supply system, uses the first heat exchanger as an evaporator and the second heat exchanger as a condenser. The operating heat medium of the organic Rankine cycle is supplied with a heat source from a heat pump system in the evaporator, , And the electric power is produced by a cycle in which the condensed water is condensed and sent to the evaporator in the form of a liquid phase-changed working heat medium to the compression pump.
The method according to claim 1,
The organic Rankine cycle heat medium is supplied from the heat pump system in the first heat exchanger to the first heat source and the second heat source is supplied from the auxiliary heat source and the outside temperature condition is low so that sufficient heat source is not supplied from the heat pump system Stable in situations where you can not
Power generating system of the present invention.
KR1020140017508A 2014-02-14 2014-02-14 Combined cogeneration Organic Rankine cycle electricity generation system KR20150096266A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015119792A1 (en) 2015-07-07 2017-01-12 Hyundai Motor Company Continuous variable valve duration device and internal combustion engine equipped with this
RU2674060C1 (en) * 2018-03-14 2018-12-04 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский университет "МЭИ" (ФГБОУ ВО "НИУ "МЭИ") Heating point of system of heating and hot water supply
CN114198801A (en) * 2021-12-13 2022-03-18 西安热工研究院有限公司 Low-pressure cylinder zero-output heat supply system and method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015119792A1 (en) 2015-07-07 2017-01-12 Hyundai Motor Company Continuous variable valve duration device and internal combustion engine equipped with this
RU2674060C1 (en) * 2018-03-14 2018-12-04 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский университет "МЭИ" (ФГБОУ ВО "НИУ "МЭИ") Heating point of system of heating and hot water supply
CN114198801A (en) * 2021-12-13 2022-03-18 西安热工研究院有限公司 Low-pressure cylinder zero-output heat supply system and method
CN114198801B (en) * 2021-12-13 2022-12-27 西安热工研究院有限公司 Low-pressure cylinder zero-output heat supply system and method

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