KR20150080179A - A growing pigs feed additive for antibiotic substitute comprising sericite as an effective ingredient, a feed composition and a breeding method using the same - Google Patents
A growing pigs feed additive for antibiotic substitute comprising sericite as an effective ingredient, a feed composition and a breeding method using the same Download PDFInfo
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- KR20150080179A KR20150080179A KR1020130167756A KR20130167756A KR20150080179A KR 20150080179 A KR20150080179 A KR 20150080179A KR 1020130167756 A KR1020130167756 A KR 1020130167756A KR 20130167756 A KR20130167756 A KR 20130167756A KR 20150080179 A KR20150080179 A KR 20150080179A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a feed additive for an antibiotic substitute for breeding stock containing an effective component of sericite as an active ingredient, and to a feed composition and a breeding method using the feed additive. More particularly, the present invention relates to the use of a sericin as a feed additive for breeding stock, (ADG) and improve feed efficiency (gain / feed, G / F) as well as increase the leukocyte level, and thus can be used as a feed additive for antibiotic substitutes Feed additives, feed compositions using them, and breeding methods.
Description
The present invention relates to a feed additive for an antibiotic substitute for breeding stock containing an effective component of sericite as an active ingredient, and to a feed composition and a breeding method using the feed additive. More particularly, the present invention relates to the use of a sericin as a feed additive for breeding stock, (ADG) and improve feed efficiency (gain / feed, G / F) as well as increase the leukocyte level, and thus can be used as a feed additive for antibiotic substitutes Feed additives, feed compositions using them, and breeding methods.
It has been reported that silicate minerals including kaolinite, zeolite, bentonite, vermiculite, biotite and aluminum silicate can inhibit or reduce the bioavailability of mycotoxins and thus have beneficial effects on livestock (Yan et al., Anim., Feed Sci. Technol. , 2011, 169, 275-280).
Most silicate minerals are classified as clay minerals having a three-dimensional structure, capable of generating interconnected channels and capable of binding specific molecules. Silicate minerals are known to be effective in adsorbing and binding cations such as ammonia ions (NH 4 + ) due to their high ion exchange capacity.
Sericite is a white variant of muscovite or paragonite and is one of the phyllosilicates. The sericite is silver-white with strong silk gloss. The sericite has a deodorizing effect and exhibits a cationic and organic attraction force. In general, sericite is used in ceramics, refractory bricks, paints, electric insulators, active materials, and cosmetics.
Under these circumstances, the present inventors not only can further increase blood IgG concentration, lymphocyte level and mononuclear leukocyte level, but also increase the average daily gain (ADG) by using sericite as a feed additive in pigs, (G / F) can be improved, and thus it can be used as a feed additive for an antibiotic substitute. Thus, the present invention has been completed.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a feed additive for an antibiotic substitute for breeding pigs.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a feed composition for raising breeding stock containing the feed additive.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for raising breeding stock by feeding the feed composition to breeding stock.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a feed additive for an antibiotic substitute for breeding stock containing an antimicrobial montmorillon as an active ingredient.
According to the growing season, the pigs were fed through the mammary piglets at the time of the mother 's milk feeding, and after going through the weaning pigs until about 70 days after the lactation, after the breeding period having the weight of about 20 kg to 60 kg, For the purpose of breeding before the shipment can be divided into.
Breeding pigs grow rapidly, so it is necessary to increase immunity to further promote growth and to prevent disease. In other words, feeding of the feed additive which can exert both the growth promotion effect and the immunity enhancement effect is more required than the other periods.
In the present invention, the use of sericite as a feed additive for breeding pigs not only increases the blood IgG level, lymphocyte level and mononuclear leukocyte level but also increases the average daily gain (ADG) and increases the gain / feed, and G / F). Therefore, it was clarified for the first time that sericin could be used as a feed additive for antibiotic substitute for pigs in breeding season. The feed additive for breeding pigs' antibiotic substitute containing sericite as an active ingredient was provided As a technical feature.
In the present invention, the sericite is a fine-grained clay minerals clay minerals, and the color is silver-white with a strong silk luster. The chemical composition and the crystal structure of sericite are similar to those of muscovite. Stiffness is 1 ~ 2, specific gravity is 2.6 ~ 2.9, streak is white. The sericite content of the sericite is 60 to 70% by weight or more and is rich in essential minerals and essential trace elements. The sericite may comprise 40 to 60 wt% SiO 2 , 20 to 40 wt% Al 2 O 3 , 5 to 15 wt% K 2 O and Na 2 O, and 3 to 7 wt% But is not limited thereto. It may further contain minor components such as Fe 2 O 3 , CaO, and MgO. Specifically, in one embodiment of the present invention 43.13 ~ 49.04 weight% SiO 2, 27.93 ~ 37.44 weight% Al 2 O 3, 9 ~ 11 wt% K 2 O and Na 2 O, 4.13 ~ 6.12 wt% H 2 O, And traces of minor components were used.
In the present invention, the feed additive is preferably, but not exclusively, fed to the breeding period of the pig. The feed additive of the present invention is advantageously fed to the breeding period of the pigs to improve the immunity and growth rate of the pigs more efficiently.
In the present invention, the breeding period of pigs is preferably 9 to 16 weeks old, and more preferably 9 to 14 weeks old.
In the present invention, the feed additive is characterized in particular by increasing blood IgG levels, lymphocyte levels and mononuclear leukocyte levels in pigs.
In one example of the present invention, blood IgG concentration, lymphocyte level and mononuclear leukocyte level in pigs fed with feed containing 0.5% by weight of sericite and 1.0% by weight of sericite added pigs And it increased to 5.2% -24.9%.
The present invention also provides a feed composition for raising breeding paddy containing the feed additive.
In the present invention, the feed additive may be contained in an amount of 0.05 to 1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the whole feed composition. By including the feed additive of the present invention in the above range, there is an advantage that the growth of pigs can be promoted more efficiently.
In the present invention, the feed composition for raising breeding poultry may contain energy, amino acids, minerals, vitamins and water as essential nutrients to be supplied from the feed in order to maintain and grow pigs, in addition to the feed additives.
Energy is generally the most expensive nutrient due to the large demand in feed composition for pigs, and three sources of carbohydrates, fats and proteins (amino acids) are used primarily as energy sources. From an energy source point of view, carbohydrates are the most important energy source for animals, and fat can then be an important energy source.
In the present invention, the source of carbohydrate may be corn, wheat, oats, barley, etc., and most preferably corn may be used.
In the present invention, corn can be used either in the form of a plant or in a plant. As described above, corn is used as a carbohydrate source of the growth feed composition of the present invention. Accordingly, it is preferable that the corn is contained in an amount exceeding the proper amount. In the present invention, corn is preferably contained in an amount of 50 to 70 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the whole feed composition.
In the present invention, the protein source may be used for supplying energy and amino acids, and soybean meal, soybean meal, wheat bran, cottonseed oil, sesame oil, beer, etc. may be used.
In the present invention, soybean meal is used as a protein source of feed composition for swine. Soybean meal is a byproduct of oil extraction from soybean, which has a high crude protein content of 44 ~ 50%, and it also compensates amino acid and amino acid bonds. In the present invention, soybean meal is preferably contained in an amount of 10 to 40 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the whole feed composition.
In the present invention, the rapeseed meal is a by-product obtained by removing the husks and oil from the seeds of the seedlings. The crude protein content is about 35 ~ 40% and the energy and the lysine content are lower than the soybean meal , Ca (0.6%) and P (1.0%), respectively. The seeds contain erythic acid and myrosin, which are antioxidant toxic substances. As a nursery feed, it is prohibited to use more than 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of whole feed composition, and up to 12 parts by weight with nursery pigs. In the present invention, the seedling foil is preferably contained in an amount of 1 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the whole feed composition.
In the present invention, as the fat source, it is possible to use tallow, corn anchoring, choice white grease and the like.
In the present invention, tallow is used as a fat source of feed composition for swine breeding. Uji refers to the hardened fat around the waist and kidneys of cattle, sheep, and horses, and vegetable oil with similar characteristics is called Uji. The main components consist of glyceryl esters such as oleic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid. In the present invention, the wool is preferably contained in an amount of 1 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the whole feed composition.
Minerals form skeletons in the body of pigs and can be used as important nutrients in metabolic processes. The required amount of Ca, P, Na, Cl, K and Mg is high and the requirement of Fe, Zn, I, Se, Mn and Cu K, Mg, Mn, S, etc. in pig feeds are fully contained in the feed, but other minerals should be added to the feed.
In the present invention, as the mineral source, debris phosphate, calcium carbonate, mineral premix, and limestone can be used.
In the present invention, the dephosphorized phosphorus is a substance used as a source of calcium phosphate prepared by removing fluorine by heat treatment from phosphorus to prevent fluorine poisoning to livestock. Calcium phosphate is used as a source of phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) in pig feed composition. In the present invention, the dechlorinating phosphates are preferably contained in an amount of 0.5 to 2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the whole feed composition.
In the present invention, calcium carbonate is used as a source of calcium (Ca). In the present invention, calcium carbonate is preferably contained in an amount of 0.1 to 1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the whole feed composition.
In the present invention, the mineral premix means a mixture prepared in advance in which the minerals necessary for the pig are easily mixed with the raw materials when the feed is mixed.
In the present invention, mineral premixes may be commercially available products, and suitable mixing ratios of the respective minerals are known in the art. In one embodiment of the invention, the mineral premix comprises Cu, 220 mg per kg of whole feed; Fe, 175 mg; Zn, 191 mg; Mn, 89 mg; I, 0.3 mg; Co, 0.5 mg; And Se, 0.4 mg were used. In the present invention, the mineral premix may preferably be contained in an amount of 0.01 to 0.5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the whole feed composition.
Vitamins are extremely low in pigs, but are organic substances that play a unique role in the body and are essential for the normal metabolism of all animal cells. These vitamins are divided into fat-soluble vitamins and water-soluble vitamins. There are vitamins A, D, E and K in fat-soluble vitamins. Vitamin B group (thiamine, riboflamine, niacin, pantothenic acid, vitamin B6, choline, polacin and vitamin B12) and vitamin C are contained in water-soluble vitamins. These vitamins are easily decomposed by action of light rays, temperature, enzymes, oxygen and the like at the stage of processing or storage of the feed, and their potency is likely to be lowered.
In the present invention, vitamin premix refers to a mixture prepared in advance by mixing the vitamins necessary for pigs with the raw materials when mixing the feeds.
In the present invention, vitamin premixes may be commercially available products, and suitable mixing ratios of the respective vitamins are known in the art. In one embodiment of the invention, the vitamin premix contains vitamin A, 4000 IU per kilogram of whole feed; Vitamin D3, 800 IU; Vitamin E, 171 IU; Vitamin K, 2 mg; Vitamin B2, 4 mg; Vitamin B6, 1 mg; Vitamin B12, 16 ㎍; Pantothenic acid, 11 mg; Niacin, 20 mg; And 0.08 mg of biotin were used. In the present invention, the vitamin premix is preferably contained in an amount of 0.01 to 0.5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the whole feed composition.
In the present invention, the feed composition for growing breeding pigs may further comprise rice bran, molasses, salt, amino acid, choline chloride and the like.
In the present invention, rice bran means a pulverized mixture such as a perilla, a seed coat, and a colony layer which is formed when a brown rice is prepared and a rice pudding is made. Rice cores contain 13% crude protein and 14% fat. In case of degreased rice bran, crude protein content is 16%, fat content is about 4%, P and Mn contents are high and lysine and methionine contents are low. And the rice gum is high in the content of unsaturated fatty acid, and when it is fed in a large amount, it produces soft body fat, and the meat quality is bad. In the present invention, rice bran is preferably contained in an amount of 1 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the whole feed composition.
In the present invention, molasses refers to a syrup incidental to the processing of sugarcane or sugar beet into sugar. Molasses includes sugar cane molasses, sugar beet molasses, sugar molasses, starch molasses, citrus molasses, hemicellulose extract (wood molasses) and sorghum molasses. Molasses is a livestock feed additive that is superior in palatability and used as an excellent energy source. When molasses is used as an energy source, mixing of more than 15% by weight in the feed lowers the feed value. In the present invention, molasses is preferably contained in an amount of 1 to 15 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the whole feed composition.
In the present invention, salt is used as a source of sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) in the feed composition for growing breeding pigs. Sodium and chlorine are major extracellular cations and anions in the body, respectively. Chlorine is the major anion of the digestive juices. Salt can meet the sodium and potassium requirements of pigs in corn and soy-based diets. Lack of sodium or chlorine can slow the growth of pigs and reduce feed efficiency. In the present invention, the salt is preferably contained in an amount of 0.05 to 1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the whole feed composition.
In the present invention, the amino acid may be supplied through a protein source, but in the case of essential amino acids, which are essential in particular, it may be added separately to facilitate absorption of livestock. In the present invention, the kinds of amino acids which can be separately added include L-lysine, methionine, L-threonine and the like. In the present invention, the separately added amino acid is preferably contained in an amount of 0.01 to 1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the whole feed composition.
In the present invention, choline chloride is a type of vitamin B that is used as a livestock feed additive, and is a substance contained in animal brain, bile, and plant seeds (rice husks, etc.). Choline chloride prevents osmotic pressure control of cell membranes and accumulation of fat in the liver, thus enhancing the physiological function of the animal. In the present invention, the choline chloride is preferably contained in an amount of 0.01 to 0.3 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the whole feed composition.
Preferably, the feed composition for raising breeding pigs comprises 50 to 70 parts by weight of corn, 10 to 40 parts by weight of soybean meal, 1 to 5 parts by weight of seeds, 1 to 5 parts by weight of ground wool, 0.5 to 2 parts by weight of dephosphorized phosphorus, 0.1 to 1 part by weight, 0.01 to 0.5 part by weight of a mineral premix, and 0.01 to 0.5 part by weight of a vitamin premix.
More preferably, the feed composition for raising breeding pigs comprises 50 to 70 parts by weight of corn, 10 to 40 parts by weight of soybean meal, 1 to 5 parts by weight of seeds, 1 to 5 parts by weight of tallow, 0.5 to 2 parts by weight of deactivated phosphorus acid, 1 to 10 parts by weight of molasses, 1 to 15 parts by weight of molasses, 0.05 to 1 part by weight of salt, 0.01 to 1 part by weight of amino acid, 0.01 to 1 part by weight of calcium, 0.01 to 0.5 parts by weight of mineral premix, 0.01 to 0.5 parts by weight of vitamin pre- , And 0.01 to 0.3 parts by weight of choline chloride.
The present invention also provides a breeding method of breeding pigs comprising feeding the feed composition to breeding pigs.
As described above, the feed composition containing the feed additive for the antibiotic substitute of the present invention is advantageously fed to the breeding period of the pig, and the immunity and the growth rate of the pig can be more efficiently improved.
The present invention also provides pork derived from breeding pigs raised by the breeding method.
The present invention not only increases the blood IgG level, lymphocyte level and mononuclear leukocyte level but also increases the average daily gain (ADG) by using sericite as a feed additive in pigs, (gain / feed, G / F) can be improved. As a result, a feed additive for an antibiotic substitute for breeding stock can be provided. In addition, it is possible to provide a feed composition capable of further improving the immunity and growth rate of pigs by incorporating a feed additive for an antibiotic substitute for the breeding pig in a feed composition, and the feed composition is fed to a breeding period of a pig to improve the immunity and growth rate There is also an effect of providing a breeding method that can be further improved.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples. It should be understood, however, that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example One: Sericite Acquisition and chemical composition
The sericite used in the present invention was provided by Jangwon Materials (Seoul, Korea) and the main compositions of the sericite were 43.13 to 49.04 wt% SiO 2 , 27.93 to 37.44 wt% Al 2 O 3 , 9 to 11 wt% K 2 O, Na 2 O, 4.13 to 6.12 wt% H 2 O, and the balance of minor components.
Example 2: Experimental design and animal breeding
Sixty pigs (Landrace × Yorkshire) × Crab (Duroc) with an average weight of 32.51 kg ± 1.75 kg were used in a 24-day feeding trial. The pigs distributed 5 pens per treatment group and 4 pigs per poultry with weight and sex (two sows and two sows) and kept in the same space.
Feed treatments included (1) CON (control diet), (2) T1 (CON + 0.5 wt% sericite), and (3) T2 (CON + 1.0 wt% sericite).
The composition of the feed is summarized in Table 1 below. The sericite was added to the control diet in an amount replacing a portion of the crushed corn and all feeds were supplemented with sufficient amino acids, vitamins, and vitamins sufficient to meet or exceed the levels recommended by the National Research Council (1998) for 20-50kg breeding stock. Minerals. The pigs were grown in concrete-slatted waters (1.5m × 2.5m) and allowed access to feed and water at random during the experiment. The experimental protocols used in the present invention were approved by the Animal Experiment Management Committee of Dankook University.
For statistical analysis, data on growth rate, nutrient absorption rate and microbial emissions of excrement were based on our unit and data on blood levels were based on each pig. All of the data were subjected to the GLM procedure of SAS (1996) as an extreme method. Differences between all treatment groups were separated by Duncan's multiple assays. The variability of the data is expressed as a standard error (SE). Probability values less than 0.05 were considered significant.
Example 3: Sericite Survey on the growth rate of pigs
The weight of each pig and the amount of feed consumed were calculated by calculating average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed efficiency (gain / feed, G / F) And recorded on a weekly basis.
The ADG, ADFI and feed efficiency measurements after the end of the experimental period are shown in Table 2 below.
As shown in Table 2, pigs fed with feed containing 0.5 wt% sericite had 6.6% higher ADG and 5.1% higher G / F ratio than the control group. Therefore, it was confirmed that the addition of sericite, especially 0.5 wt% sericite, increased the growth rate.
Example 3: Sericite Full length external digestibility Effect on coefficient
Coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility (CTTAD) of dried (DM), nitrogen (N), total energy (GE), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) (Fenton et al., Can. J. Anim. Sci., 1979, 59, 631-634). Pigs were fed diets containing chromium oxide from 18 to 24 days. Fresh feces samples were obtained from rectal massages from two pigs randomly selected from us (one bird's nest and one sow) from 22 to 24 days, and they were mixed and collected and the representative samples were stored at -20 ° C Of freezer. All feed and fecal samples were analyzed for DM, N, energy, Ca and P according to the procedure described in AOAC (2000), and then CTTAD was calculated.
The results are shown in Table 3 below.
As can be seen from Table 3 above, CTTAD of energy was not significantly affected by sericite (P> 0.05). On the other hand, when diets supplemented with 0.5 wt% sericite and 1.0 wt% sericite were fed, the CTTAD of DM was increased to 3.9% and 7.5%, respectively, and N CTTAD was increased to 4.9% and 5.7 (P < 0.05). Similarly, the pigs increased the CTTAD of Ca and P by 5.0-19.1% when fed diets supplemented with 0.5 and 1.0 wt% sericite.
Example 4: Sericite Investigation on the effect of feces on microbial emissions
After 24 days, fresh fecal samples were obtained from two randomly selected pigs from each of us (one sow and one boar) through rectal massage, collected, placed on ice, transferred to the laboratory and analyzed immediately Respectively. The fecal samples (1 g) blended in each broth were diluted with 9 mL of 1% peptone broth (Becton, Dickinson and Co., Franklin Lakes, NJ) and then homogenized. The counts of viable bacteria in the fecal samples were obtained from Mac Conkey agar plates (Difco Laboratories, Detroit, MI) and lactobacilli medium III agar plates (Medium 638, DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany) to separate E. coli and Lactobacillus , , Germany) by plating a series of 10-fold dilutions (1% peptone solution). The lactobacilli medium III agar plates were incubated at 39 DEG C for 48 hours under anaerobic conditions. Mac Conkey agar plates were incubated at 37 [deg.] C for 24 hours. Escherichia coli and lactic acid bacteria colonies were removed from the incubator and counted immediately.
The results are shown in Table 4 (log 10 cfu / g).
From Table 4, it can be seen that when 0.5% and 1.0% by weight of sericite were added, the number of coliform bacteria in the excrement could be reduced to 12.6% and 11.6%, respectively, and the number of lactic acid bacteria in the excrement could be increased to 9.5% and 14.7% (P <0.05).
Example 5: Sericite Influence on blood characteristics
For the serum profile, blood samples were collected from two pigs (one sow and one bird) randomly selected from each of us at the end of the experiment in a 5 mL tube (Becton, Dickinson and Co.) containing K 3 EDTA. , Franklin Lakes, NJ) and placed on ice until analysis. Serum hemoglobin (Hb) and iron (Fe) concentrations, total iron - binding capacity (TIBC) and hematocrit (HCT) concentrations were analyzed using an automated biochemical analyzer (Hitachi 747, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan). Whole blood samples were analyzed for red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes and mononuclear leukocytes using an automated blood analyzer (ADVIA 120, Bayer, Tarrytown, NY).
The results are shown in Table 5 below.
From Table 5, the blood IgG concentration, lymphocyte and mononuclear leukocyte levels in the pigs fed with feed containing 0.5% by weight of sericite and 1.0% by weight of sericite were 5.2% -24.9 % (P < 0.05).
Compared with the pigs fed with sericin-free feeds, the blood IgG levels, lymphocyte and mononuclear leukocyte levels were increased, and the growth rate and feed efficiency It can be seen that the addition of sericin to the feed in an amount of 1.0 wt% can improve the blood IgG concentration, lymphocyte level and mononuclear leukocyte level of pigs.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105746429A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-07-13 | 汉世伟食品集团有限公司 | Pig breeding method for improving meat quality of pigs |
| KR20220005262A (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2022-01-13 | 진강중 | Feed composition for livestock containing sericite |
| KR20220005263A (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2022-01-13 | 진강중 | Feed composition for comoanion animals containing sericite |
| KR20230001586A (en) | 2021-06-28 | 2023-01-05 | 명전바이오 주식회사 | Water-soluble silicate used livestock feed additives and its manufacturing method |
-
2013
- 2013-12-30 KR KR1020130167756A patent/KR20150080179A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105746429A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-07-13 | 汉世伟食品集团有限公司 | Pig breeding method for improving meat quality of pigs |
| KR20220005262A (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2022-01-13 | 진강중 | Feed composition for livestock containing sericite |
| KR20220005263A (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2022-01-13 | 진강중 | Feed composition for comoanion animals containing sericite |
| KR20230001586A (en) | 2021-06-28 | 2023-01-05 | 명전바이오 주식회사 | Water-soluble silicate used livestock feed additives and its manufacturing method |
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