KR20150030938A - Apparatus for the reliquefaction of boil-off gas - Google Patents
Apparatus for the reliquefaction of boil-off gas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20150030938A KR20150030938A KR20130110290A KR20130110290A KR20150030938A KR 20150030938 A KR20150030938 A KR 20150030938A KR 20130110290 A KR20130110290 A KR 20130110290A KR 20130110290 A KR20130110290 A KR 20130110290A KR 20150030938 A KR20150030938 A KR 20150030938A
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- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- gas
- unit
- heat
- cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/02—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE
In general, natural gas is transported through the pipeline to the gaseous state while moving from place of production to use.
When natural gas is transported by sea, it is liquefied in a high-pressure / low-temperature environment and transported over an LNG carrier by a large volume when it is transported to the gaseous state.
The transported liquefied natural gas is maintained at a cryogenic temperature of -162 ° C in the LNG storage tank of the LNG carrier.
However, as the LNG carriers are shaken during transportation, evaporation gas (BOG, Boil-Off-Gas) is continuously generated in the LNG storage tank by the flow of liquefied gas, temperature gradient, cooling process,
That is, since the liquefaction temperature of natural gas is a cryogenic temperature of about -162 ° C at normal pressure, LNG is evaporated even if its temperature is slightly higher than -162 ° C at normal pressure.
Although the LNG storage tank of the LNG carrier is adiabatically treated, the external heat is continuously transferred to the LNG, so that during the transportation of the LNG by the LNG carrier, the LNG is constantly vaporized in the LNG storage tank and stored in the LNG storage tank Evaporation gas is generated.
The generated evaporation gas increases the pressure inside the LNG storage tank and accelerates the flow of the liquefied gas in accordance with the shaking motion of the ship, which may cause structural problems, so it is necessary to suppress the generation of the evaporation gas.
An LNG carrier that does not have a liquefaction device blows evaporative gas, which is continuously generated during transportation, to the air through combustion or the like.
As a result, the final destination is transported with a loss of significant natural gas loss compared to the original natural gas reserves.
In order to reduce the loss of natural gas, LNG carriers are equipped with an evaporative gas re-liquefaction device, which is an evaporative gas recovery device.
In addition, LNG RV (Regasification Vessel), LNG FPSO (Floating, Production, Storage and Off-loading) and LNG FSRU (Floating Storage and Regasification Unit) And recovering evaporative gas generated during storage.
For reference, LNG RV is a LNG regeneration facility installed on a liquefied gas carrier capable of self-propulsion and floating, and LNG FPSO is a liquefied natural gas that is directly liquefied after being refined in the sea and stored in a storage tank. LNG FSRU is a maritime structure used to transport LNG stored in a tank to an LNG carrier. LNG FSRU stores liquefied natural gas unloaded from an LNG carrier offshore at sea and stores it in a storage tank, It is the offshore structure that supplies to the demand of the land.
The evaporative gas re-liquefying apparatus currently being developed liquefies the evaporation gas by discharging the evaporation gas to the outside of the LNG storage tank and liquefying the evaporation gas by using the refrigerant, or by pressurizing the evaporation gas, cooling it to room temperature, and then expanding it under reduced pressure.
However, when the evaporation gas is liquefied by using the refrigerant, the liquefaction of the natural gas consumes a lot of energy because it must be cooled down to -162 ° C or less at 1 atm, which is the storage pressure of the LNG tank.
Also, the process of pressing the evaporation gas and cooling it to room temperature uses a compressor. Thereafter, in order to return to the LNG storage tank, the flash gas is generated in a process of decompression expansion, The energy efficiency of the ship is lowered.
On the other hand, in recent years, environmental regulations such as emission gas management have been strengthened in connection with the emission of pollutants from ships.
Thus, shipbuilders can use DF (Dual-Fuel) engine, which can use both natural gas and marine diesel fuel, or ME-GI (Man Electric-driven Gas Injection) engine, which is a two- And is trying to build eco-friendly vessels.
Accordingly, when a high-pressure gas injection engine (ME-GI engine or the like) capable of using BOG or LNG as fuel for a ship or an offshore structure having LNG storage device is used, it has an advantage of being able to cope with environmental regulations.
The re-liquefaction device and the high-pressure natural gas injection engine fuel supply device in a ship or an offshore structure having a conventional LNG storage device were independently developed.
In recent years, however, a process has been developed that increases energy efficiency with the combined design of the two devices.
This development process generally involves adding a high-pressure natural gas fueling device to the refueling device.
In this case, the evaporation gas is re-liquefied by compressing / expanding the nitrogen by using nitrogen as a refrigerant.
This re-liquefying device is disadvantageous in that the refrigerant nitrogen is used for absorbing heat generated during the evaporation gas compression, resulting in low energy efficiency.
In addition, heat exchange between the liquefaction device and the fuel supply device is not utilized, so that waste heat can not be recovered and consequently, the energy consumption of the ship can not be reduced.
Korean Public Release No. 10-2009-0020574 (Published on February 26, 2009)
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an evaporative gas re-liquefying apparatus capable of reducing the energy consumed in re-liquefaction of evaporated gas by recovering the cold heat of the evaporated gas generated in the place where the liquefied natural gas is stored .
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gas turbine comprising: a storage unit storing liquefied natural gas; An evaporation gas compression cooling unit comprising at least one evaporative gas compressor for supplying and compressing boil-off-gas (BOG) generated in the storage unit, and at least one evaporative gas cooler for cooling the evaporative gas; A re-liquefaction unit for circulating the refrigerant for heat exchange with the evaporated gas compressed in the evaporative gas compression and cooling unit, and liquefying the evaporated gas; A cold / hot water collecting unit connecting the storage unit and the evaporative gas compressor, wherein the cold / hot water recovering unit exchanges heat with the redistribution unit to recover cold heat of the evaporated gas; And a fuel supply unit for supplying the evaporative gas that has passed through the resupply unit to the engine of the ship as fuel.
The re-liquefaction unit comprises: at least one refrigerant compressor for compressing the refrigerant; One or more refrigerant coolers for cooling the refrigerant passing through the refrigerant compressor; A refrigerant inflator for expanding the volume of the refrigerant passing through the refrigerant cooler and for cooling the temperature; And a re-liquefying heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the refrigerant having passed through the refrigerant inflator and the evaporation gas passing through the evaporation gas compression and cooling unit to liquefy the evaporation gas.
The re-liquefaction unit may further include a refrigerant heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant passing through the refrigerant cooler and the refrigerant before the refrigerant compressor.
The heat recovery unit may exchange heat with the re-liquefaction unit between the refrigerant cooler and the refrigerant heat exchanger.
Wherein the fuel supply unit comprises: a drum in which the evaporation gas passes through the remelting heat exchanger and is liquefied and stored; A pump for pressurizing the evaporative gas not stored in the storage unit to be used as fuel for the engine of the ship; And an evaporator for evaporating the evaporation gas.
And an evaporation gas heat exchanger that connects the pump and the evaporator and cools the evaporation gas that has passed through the evaporation gas compression and cooling unit by heat exchange.
In the evaporative gas compression unit, the evaporative gas compressor and the evaporative gas cooler may be provided in multiple stages, and the refrigerant compressor and the refrigerant cooler may be provided in multiple stages in the re-liquefier unit.
Embodiments of the present invention can reduce the energy consumed in re-liquefying the evaporated gas by recovering the cold heat of the evaporated gas generated at the place where the liquefied natural gas is stored.
1 is a configuration diagram of an evaporation gas remelting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a configuration diagram of an evaporation gas remelting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
In order to fully understand the present invention, operational advantages of the present invention, and objects achieved by the practice of the present invention, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings and the accompanying drawings which illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like reference symbols in the drawings denote like elements.
Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram of an evaporation gas remelting
Hereinafter, the configuration of the evaporation gas remelting
1, an evaporation gas remelting
First, the
Generally, as the LNG carriers oscillate, evaporation gas may continuously be generated in the
For reference, in the present embodiment, the
Next, the evaporation gas compression and
Thus, the evaporative gas
In this embodiment, the evaporative gas
However, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the number of the
Thus, the evaporative gas
The
This re-liquefaction
In this embodiment, the
However, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the number of the
Thus, the
The
The
Accordingly, the
Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, nitrogen is used as an example of the refrigerant, but it is natural that an inert gas such as hydrocarbon or argon and a mixed refrigerant can be applied as the refrigerant.
The refrigerant is injected into the
The
The
The
Next, the cold / hot
Therefore, the cold / hot
Thus, the energy consumed in re-liquefying the evaporated gas can be reduced.
The cold / hot
In this case, there is an advantage that the cold heat of the evaporation gas can be efficiently recovered at an early stage.
Meanwhile, the
The
A part of the liquefied evaporated gas is moved to the
The
The
If LNG is not loaded in the LNG carriers, the amount of evaporation gas may be very small or not generated.
Therefore, at this time, the natural gas stored in the
Therefore, the
Hereinafter, the flow of the evaporation gas and the refrigerant according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described.
First, the evaporation gas is generated in the LNG gas stored in the
The generated evaporated gas flows along the
The evaporated gas flowing into the cold / hot
Thus, the energy consumed in re-liquefying the evaporated gas can be reduced.
Thus, the heated evaporated gas passes through the evaporated
Then, the high-pressure evaporation gas is heat-exchanged with the refrigerant using the
Next, referring to the flow of the refrigerant, the refrigerant is injected into the
The refrigerant having passed through the
The compressed and cooled refrigerant passes through the cold heat
Thereafter, the refrigerant secondarily exchanges heat between the refrigerant passing through the
The refrigerant having such a low temperature passes through the
That is, according to the present invention, as the first cooling process is added in advance, the refrigerant is lowered to a temperature of -165 ° C or lower, and the reduced pressure is lowered.
Accordingly, the pressure range to be compressed by the multi-stage
On the other hand, FIG. 2 shows an evaporative
In the evaporation
As shown in Fig. 2, the evaporation
The evaporation
The evaporation
The natural gas stored in the
Therefore, the liquid natural gas stored in the
Hereinafter, the flow of the evaporation gas and the refrigerant of the evaporation
First, the evaporation gas is generated in the LNG gas stored in the
The generated evaporated gas flows along the
The evaporated gas flowing into the cold / hot water heat exchanger (410) is first heat-exchanged with the refrigerant passed through the refrigerant cooler (340), and the cold heat of the evaporated gas is recovered.
Thus, the heated evaporated gas passes through the evaporated
The high-pressure evaporation gas is heat-exchanged with the liquid natural gas by using the evaporation
In this case, when the amount of evaporated gas generated in the
Thereafter, the evaporated gas at a high pressure is subjected to heat exchange with the refrigerant using the
Next, referring to the flow of the refrigerant, the refrigerant is injected into the re-liquefying heat exchanger (380), and is heat-exchanged with the evaporated gas passing through the evaporating gas heat exchanger (600).
The refrigerant having passed through the
The compressed and cooled refrigerant passes through the cold heat
The refrigerant passing through the cold / hot
The refrigerant having such a low temperature passes through the
In other words, the evaporation gas
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Accordingly, such modifications or variations are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.
100: storage unit 200: evaporation gas compression cooling unit
300: re-liquefying unit 400: cold /
500: fuel supply unit 600: evaporative gas heat exchanger
700: Engine 1: Liquefaction device
Claims (7)
An evaporation gas compression cooling unit comprising at least one evaporative gas compressor for supplying and compressing boil-off-gas (BOG) generated in the storage unit, and at least one evaporative gas cooler for cooling the evaporative gas;
A re-liquefaction unit for circulating the refrigerant for heat exchange with the evaporated gas compressed in the evaporative gas compression and cooling unit, and liquefying the evaporated gas;
A cold / hot water recovering unit connecting the storage unit and the evaporative gas compressor to heat-exchange with the re-liquefier unit to recover cold heat of the evaporated gas; And
And a fuel supply unit for supplying the evaporative gas that has passed through the resupply unit to the engine of the ship as fuel.
The re-liquefying unit includes:
One or more refrigerant compressors for compressing the refrigerant;
One or more refrigerant coolers for cooling the refrigerant passing through the refrigerant compressor;
A refrigerant inflator for expanding the volume of the refrigerant passing through the refrigerant cooler and for cooling the temperature; And
And a liquefaction heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the refrigerant having passed through the refrigerant inflator and the evaporation gas passing through the evaporation gas compression and cooling unit to liquefy the evaporation gas.
The re-liquefying unit includes:
And a refrigerant heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant passed through the refrigerant cooler and the refrigerant before the refrigerant compressor.
The cold /
And the heat exchanging unit exchanges heat with the re-liquefier unit between the refrigerant cooler and the refrigerant heat exchanger.
The fuel supply unit includes:
A drum through which the evaporation gas is passed through the remelting heat exchanger to be liquefied and stored;
A pump for pressurizing the evaporative gas not stored in the storage unit to be used as fuel for the engine of the ship; And
And an evaporator for evaporating the evaporation gas.
And an evaporation gas heat exchanger for connecting the pump and the evaporator and for cooling the evaporation gas passing through the evaporation gas compression and cooling unit by heat exchange.
In the evaporative gas compression cooling unit, the evaporative gas compressor and the evaporative gas condenser are provided in multiple stages,
And the refrigerant compressor and the refrigerant cooler are provided in multiple stages in the re-liquefaction unit.
Priority Applications (1)
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KR20130110290A KR20150030938A (en) | 2013-09-13 | 2013-09-13 | Apparatus for the reliquefaction of boil-off gas |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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KR20130110290A KR20150030938A (en) | 2013-09-13 | 2013-09-13 | Apparatus for the reliquefaction of boil-off gas |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20170004697A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2017-01-11 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | Control System Of Boil Off Gas Treatment System |
KR20190137693A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-12-11 | 가부시키가이샤 고베 세이코쇼 | Gas supply system |
-
2013
- 2013-09-13 KR KR20130110290A patent/KR20150030938A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20170004697A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2017-01-11 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | Control System Of Boil Off Gas Treatment System |
KR20190137693A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-12-11 | 가부시키가이샤 고베 세이코쇼 | Gas supply system |
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