KR20150016925A - A method to produce drinking water using deep sea water - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing drinking water by using deep sea water. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing hygienically safe drinking water by using desalinated water obtained by desalinating deep sea water in a deep sea layer deeper than 200 m in depth below the surface of the sea. According to the present invention, in regards to the manufacture of drinking water using deep sea water, a method for manufacturing drinking water from deep sea water comprises: a deep sea water pretreatment step of taking deep sea water, heating the deep sea water at 20-30°C, and performing a mixed filtration process of at least one process among sand filtration, microfiltration, ultrafltration and nanofiltration; a desalination step of desalinating the deep sea water which has been pretreated via a desalination process by an electroextraction process to produce desalinated water; a boron compound removal step of treating the desalinated water with an alkaline agent to adjust the pH of the desalinated water in the range of 9-11 and sending the desalinated water to a reverse osmosis filtration process to produce filtered water in which a boron compound has been removed; and a hardness adjustment step of supplying a mineral adjuster to the filtered water in which the boron compound has been removed to adjust the hardness of the filtered water in the range of 30-500 mg/L, thereby manufacturing the filtered water into drinking water.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing drinking water using deep sea water,

The present invention relates to a method for producing beverage using deep sea water. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for producing a beverage using deep sea water, The present invention relates to a method for producing beverage using a mainstream manufacturing water.

Generally, beverage production is used by treating underground mineral water or river water. However, due to the development of industry and concentration of population, underground mineral water or river water is contaminated with environmental pollutants, which is not hygienically unsafe. There is a problem that the treatment cost is high in removing the substance.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing hygienically safe beverage using demineralized water obtained by desalination of deep ocean water of deep sea depth of 200m or more from sea level.

In the present invention, in the production of beverage using deep sea water, the deep seawater is taken in a warm water at 20 to 30 DEG C, and then subjected to sand filtration, microfiltration, ultrafiltration or nanofiltration in combination with one or more processes A desalting step of producing desalted water by desalting the treated deep seawater by a desalting treatment process by an electric extraction process and a desalting step of treating the desalted water with an alkaline agent to adjust the pH to 9 to 11 Next, a boron compound removing step for removing the boron compound from the boron compound is carried out by a reverse osmosis treatment and a mineral regulator is supplied to the deionized water, which is the filtered water from which the boron compound is removed, to adjust the hardness to 30 to 500 mg / And the like.

The present invention is expected to have an effect widely used in the production of beverages since the beverage manufactured using deep sea water is hygienically safe.

1 shows a process for producing beverage from deeper ocean water

First, the characteristics of ocean deep water (deep sea water) are considered to be deep sea water, which is deeper than 200m in sea level. The deep sea water is called deep seawater. Unlike the surface seawater, Plankton and life forms are not proliferated. Therefore, the concentration of nutrients is high and the density is not mixed with the surface sea water due to the difference in water temperature. Therefore, there is no contaminant present in the surface sea water, and low temperature stability (Mineral fertilizer) rich in minerals nutrients that are very important for the growth of plants, minerals balance (mineral fertilizers) that are rich in various minerals Mineral balance) and high pressure and low temperature, the cluster of water molecules has been subdivided for long time, Permeability), and aging (ripeness).

Deep sea water is deep sea water which is not exposed to sunlight and is not mixed with seawater in the surface layer. Sea water deep sea water, which is deeper than 200m in depth is usually called deep sea water. Deep sea water is more pollutant than surface sea water. (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and zinc (Zn) required for the growth of the fermenting microorganisms, as shown in Table 1 "Analysis values of deep ocean water and surface sea water" ), And sodium (Na), which contain more than 70 different kinds of minerals. The nutrients, living cells, and water temperature are significantly different.

Analysis of composition of deep sea water and surface sea water division Ulleungdo Hyeonpo Japan High-Miyako Murodo 650m deep sea water Surface seawater 374m deep sea water Surface seawater Work
half
term
neck Water temperature (℃) 0.5 23 11.5 20.3 pH 7.98 8.15 DO dissolved oxygen (mg / l) 6 8 7.80 8.91 TOC organic carbon (mg / l)  -  - 0.962 1.780 COD _Mn (mg / l) 0.2 0.6  -  - Solubility Evaporation residue (mg / l) 47,750 37,590 M-alkalinity (mg / l) 114.7 110.5 week
Yo
won
small Cl chloride ion (wt%) 3.41 with NaCl 3.45 with NaCl 2.237 2.192 Na sodium (wt%) 1.080 1.030 Mg magnesium (mg / l) 1,320 1,280 1,300 1,310 Ca calcium (mg / l) 393 403 456 441 K potassium (mg / l) 380 414 399 Br Cancel (㎎ / ℓ) 68.8 68.1 Sr strontium (mg / l) 7.77 7.61 B Boron (mg / l) 4.44 4.48 Ba barium (mg / l) 0.044 0.025 F fluorine (mg / l) 0.53 0.56 SO ₄ ^{2 -} (mg / l) 2,833 2,627 spirit
amount
salt
Flow NH ₄ ⁺ ammonia nitrogen (mg / l) 0.05 0.03 NO ₃ ^- nitrate nitrogen (mg / l) 0.28 0.040 1.158 0.081 PO ₄ ^{3 -} phosphoric acid (㎎ / ℓ) 0.06 0.012 0.177 0.028 Si silicon (mg / l) 2.80 0.440 1.890 0.320 beauty
Amount
won
small Pb lead (/ / l) 0.11 0.102 0.087 Cd Cadmium (/ / l) 0.05 0.028 0.008 Cu copper ([mu] g / l) 0.26 0.153 0.272 Fe iron (/ / l) 0.22 0.217 0.355 Mn manganese (/ / l) 0.27 0.265 0.313 Ni Ni (/ / l) 0.36 0.387 0.496 Zn Zn (/ / l) 0.45 0.624 0.452 As arsenic (/ / l) 0.04 1.051 0.440 Mo molybdenum (占 퐂 / l) - 5.095 5.565 Cr Cr (/ / l) 0.02 Germ
Number Number of live cells (pieces / ml) 0 520 0 540 Number of E. coli (pieces / ml) voice voice voice voice

The history of using deep seawater has been short, and so far, we have been doing various researches in the non-fisheries fields such as food, medicine, health industry, beverage, cosmetics, etc. starting from fisheries field. Deep sea water has the following characteristics.

1. Low temperature safety (low temperature safety)

As the surface water temperature varies greatly by season, deep seawater is stable at low temperature with no change of water temperature according to the season.

In particular, the deep sea water of the East Sea of Korea is the sea water of the Sea of Okhotsk where the cold seawater with dissolved ice is settled by the dense sediments and flows off the coast of Vladivostok between Ostrov Sakhalin and Hokkaido The depth of the deep sea below the depth of 300m from the sea surface is slow due to the slow flow of the Japanese islands due to the inflow of deep seawater. The temperature is 1 to 2 ℃ during the year, and it is off the coast of Muroto in Kochi prefecture in Hawaii and Pacific coast of Japan Of deep seawater.

2. Cleanliness (cleanliness)

Because it is in the deep layer, it is difficult to get pollution from river water and air from the land, and there are few chemicals, pollutants and bacteria.

① Physical cleanliness

Physical cleanliness means that suspended solids and suspended solids are less, and deep seawater has lower content of suspended solids than surface seawater.

② Biological cleanliness

The most problematic problem of seawater is the propagation of adherent organisms. Generally, in surface water seepage systems, propagating organisms grow in the water intake pipe, and the resistance of the pipe increases, making it impossible to withdraw water. , (Pathogenic) microbes, chlorella, etc., have a characteristic of less than one tenth to one hundredth of the surface water.

③ Chemical cleanliness

Deep sea water does not mix with contaminated surface waters, so it is not polluted by so-called environmental pollutants such as dioxins, PCBs, organic chlorine compounds, and organic tin.

3. Eutrophication

Deep sea water is composed of nitrogen, phosphorus and silicic acid, which are nutrient sources of phytoplankton (diatomaceous plant which is a single cell plant with a chlorophyll), which is the source of marine organisms, compared with surface sea water. There is a characteristic that salt is abundantly contained.

Because the phytoplankton can not photosynthate at depths of less than 1% at depths below 150m depth at depths below sea level, nutrients are not consumed by phytoplankton and accumulate and accumulate in the deep layers below, .

4. Characteristics of minerals

Seawater contains more than 70 kinds of elements, and deep seawater has many characteristics such as various kinds of elements.

Although there are many essential elements required for the growth of plants and plants, there is a very small amount of those that are deeply related to human health, such as copper and zinc, which are essential trace elements that are harmful if consumed in large amounts .

5. Aging properties

Deep ocean water has a lower pH (around pH 7.8) than that of surface sea water, and the deep ocean water is separated from the surface seawater while the organic matter content is low. The deep ocean water is subdivided into small groups The water quality is stable with a small population (micro-clustered water).

In deep seawater, boron compounds are contained in the range of 4 ~ 5mg / ℓ. However, it is difficult to treat it by the simple nano filtration, reverse osmosis treatment method or electrodialysis treatment which is an ion exchange membrane method.

The boron compound contained in the deep sea water exists in the form of boric acid (H ₃ BO ₃ ). Since the particle size is small with an ion radius of about 0.23 Å, simple nanofiltration and reverse osmosis treatment can lower the drinking water standard value to 0.3 mg / And the dissociation constants pKa is about 9 in the deep sea water and is almost nonexistent in the ionic state. Therefore, even in the case of drinking water by the electrodialysis method, Since it is difficult to treat with less than 0.3 mg / ℓ of the treatment standard value, it is converted to poly (poly) boric acid in the gel state by treatment with an alkali agent to adjust pH to 9 to 11, The boron compound can be removed.

In the hardness adjustment process, the mineral conditioning agent is prepared by selectively removing a monovalent salt such as NaCl and KCl in an electrodialysis apparatus or an electric extraction apparatus using a monovalent cation selective exchange membrane and a monovalent anion selective exchange membrane, A commercially available product whose mineral balance is adjusted to a weight ratio of 2 to 6 is used.

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Ⅰ. Pretreatment step of deep sea water

1. Water intake and heating process

Deep seawater is taken from the deep sea bed at depths of 200m below sea level in the sea surface and warmed to 20 ~ 30 ℃ so that subsequent treatment can be smoothly processed.

The deep sea water intake method is to take down the pipeline from the ship to a depth of 200m below the sea floor, or to install the pipe from the sea surface to the depth of the sea below 200m and to take it by a pump, Install the piping up to the depth of the seabed and install the water intake below sea level and take the water by the Siphon principle.

Since deep sea water taken in the catchment tank is low in temperature and low in processing efficiency due to its low viscosity, it is supplied with heat from a boiler (water temperature of surface seawater can be used in summer) Process.

2. Pretreatment filtration process

The pretreatment filtration process is a filtration process in which suspended solids (SS) are removed from the filtrate by performing filtration in combination with at least one of sand filtration, microfiltration, ultrafiltration or nanofiltration. Deep water is sent to the desalination stage.

In this case, the filtration pressure is determined in consideration of the pressure loss of the filter and the pressure loss of the pipe depending on the operating conditions. In the case of the sand filtration, the filtration speed is set to 6 to 10 m / hour, and the effective diameter of the filtration sand (filtration sand) Is 0.3 to 0.45 mm, the uniformity coefficient is 2.0 or less, and the thickness of the filtration layer is 0.5 to 1.0 m.

If the turbidity of the deep sea water taken at this time is less than 2 mg / ℓ, sand filtration is not necessary.

Microfiltration and ultrafiltration are independent of the type of filtration membrane and determine the supply pressure of the pump considering the filtration speed and pressure loss according to the specifications of the vendor.

Filtration in microfiltration or ultrafiltration treats the FI (fouling index) value of water in the range of 2 to 4.

The FI value is a numerical value representing the fine contamination concentration in the target water.

_{FI = (1-T 0 /} T 15) × 100/15 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ①

T ₀ is the time required for filtration of the first 500 ml of sample water under pressure filtration at 0.2 MPa using a 0.45 μm microfiltration membrane and T ₁₅ is filtration for 15 minutes in the same state as T ₀ And then filtration of 500 ml of the sample water.

In the case of nano filtration, when the subsequent desalination treatment is carried out by reverse osmosis treatment, apparatus, electrodialysis apparatus or electric extraction apparatus, the deep ocean water from which the sulfate ion (SO ₄ ^{2 -} ), which causes clogging, is removed is sent to the boron removal step.

The nanofiltration membrane modules can be of any shape, such as tubular, hollow fiber, spiral wound, and plate and frame. And the material of the film is not particularly limited either.

The material of the nanofiltration membrane may be a polyamide-based material, a polypiperazineamide-based material, a polyesteramide-based material, or a water-soluble vinyl polymer (cross-linked) The structure consists of a dense layer on one side of the membrane, and an asymmetric membrane (unacknowledged membrane) consisting of fine holes in a large hole and gradually from the dense layer toward the inside of the membrane or on one membrane, (Composite membrane) having a very thin separating functional layer (separating functional layer) formed of a different material on a layer, and a piperazine polyamide composite membrane is preferable. However, in the present invention, the material and structure of the membrane are not particularly limited Do not.

In the nano filtration, the main purpose of removing sulfate ion (SO ₄ ^{2 -} ) which causes scale formation in the primary desalting treatment process of the post-treatment is to remove the floating solid matter in the water in the pretreatment filtration, The filtered water is sent to the filtration unit and the unfiltered sulfate-containing water is discharged, and the filtered water is sent to the primary desalination process.

Transmission sequence of the ion in the nanofiltration membrane, if the cation is ^{Ca 2 +> Mg 2 +>} Li +> Na +> K +> NH 4 + and, in the case of the anion is _{^{SO 4 2 - »HCO 3 ->}} F - > Cl ^- > Br ^- > NO ₃ ^- > SiO ₂ , and the sulfate ion (SO ₄ ^{2 -} ) is less permeable than Mg ^{2 +} and Ca ^{2 +} .

In the nano filtration device, the supply pressure is 15 to 20 kg / cm 2, which is lower than the osmotic pressure 25 kg / cm 2 of the deep sea water having a salt concentration of 3.5 wt%. In case of the spiral type, the membrane permeation amount (membrane permeated water amount) is 0.7 to 1.4 m 3 / ㎡ · day, the permeation rate of the membrane becomes 70 ~ 80% of the flow rate.

Ⅱ. Desalination step

1. Electric extraction process

The deep seawater filtered in the pretreatment filtration step was supplied to the desalting and salt extracting chambers of the electric extracting apparatus provided with the cation exchange diaphragm between the anode and the cathode and the desalting chamber separated by the anion exchange diaphragm, When DC electricity is applied, the salt contained in the deep sea water in the desalting chamber moves to the salt extraction chamber, the concentrated brine is sent to the salt production process, and the desalted desalted salt in the desalination chamber is sent to the pH adjustment process of the boron removal step.

Ⅲ. Boron removal step

1. pH adjustment process

Boron in the deep sea water is contained in the range of 4 ~ 5mg / ℓ and exists in the form of boric acid (H ₃ BO ₃ ). Since the particle size is small with an ion radius of about 0.23 Å, simple nanofiltration and reverse osmosis It is difficult to treat it with a drinking water standard value of 0.3 mg / L or less, and the value of the dissociation constant pKa is about 9, which is almost non-dissolved in seawater, Since electrodialysis and electric extraction also have difficulties in treatment at a drinking water treatment standard value of 0.3 mg / ℓ or less, treatment with an alkaline agent is carried out in a pH range of 9 to 11 to convert the boric acid into a poly (boric acid) And then sent to reverse osmosis and process to remove the boron compound.

Boric acid in water is converted to gel polybasic acid by the following reaction (2) when alkali treatment is carried out.

^{_{B (OH) 3 + OH _}} → [B (OH) 4] - → [B 3 O 3 (OH) 4] - → [B 4 O 5 (OH) 4] 2- → [B 5 O 6 (OH ) ₄ ] ^- ... ②

2. Reverse osmosis treatment

In the pH adjusting step, an alkaline agent is injected to adjust the pH to 9 to 11, and then the boron compound is converted into a polyborno compound. The reverse osmosis treatment is performed by supplying an operating pressure of 5 to 25 kg / The non-borated compound-containing water is discharged after the neutralization treatment, and the filtered water, which is debranched water filtered with a boron compound of 0.3 mg / liter or less, is sent to the hardness adjustment process.

Since the influent flowing into this reverse osmosis treatment process contains little salinity, the operation pressure should be operated at a low pressure in the range of 5 ~ 25㎏ / ㎠. In case of spiral filtration membrane, the membrane permeation rate is 0.6 ~ 1.2m3 / ㎡ · day, and the boron compound in the filtration water is filtered to be below the drinking water standard value 0.3mg / ℓ.

In the reverse osmosis treatment process, even when the pH is supplied in the alkaline state of 9 to ₁₁ , the formation of scales is not a problem because the materials such as CaCO ₃ and CaSO ₄ , which generate a scale, are removed from the nanofiltration process and the reverse osmosis process Do not.

IV. Steps to make beverage

1. Hardness adjustment process

A mineral regulator is supplied to the filtered water as the deboron water to adjust the hardness to a range of 30 to 500 mg / L, and the treated water treated as the drinking water is used.

In the hardness adjustment, the mineral conditioning agent is prepared by selectively removing monovalent salts such as NaCl and KCl in an electrodialysis apparatus or an electric extraction apparatus using a mono-cation selective exchange membrane and a monovalent anion selective exchange membrane, A commercially available product whose mineral balance is adjusted to a weight ratio of 2 to 6 is used.

Claims (1)

In the production of beverage using deep sea water,
Deep ocean water is warmed to 20 ~ 30 ℃ and then treated with sand filtration, microfiltration, ultrafiltration or nanofiltration in combination with one or more processes to prepare pretreated deep seawater. ,
A desalination step of desalinizing the deep ocean water treated in the pretreatment step to desalinize the desalted water by a desalting process by an electric extraction process,
Treating the desalted water with an alkaline agent to adjust the pH to 9 to 11, and then sending it to a reverse osmosis treatment step to produce filtered water from which the boron compound has been removed;
And supplying a mineral regulator to the filtered water from which the boron compound has been removed to adjust the hardness to a range of 30 to 500 mg / l to prepare a beverage.

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