KR20150012942A - Desalination method of seawater using polymer electrolyte - Google Patents

Desalination method of seawater using polymer electrolyte Download PDF

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KR20150012942A
KR20150012942A KR1020130089150A KR20130089150A KR20150012942A KR 20150012942 A KR20150012942 A KR 20150012942A KR 1020130089150 A KR1020130089150 A KR 1020130089150A KR 20130089150 A KR20130089150 A KR 20130089150A KR 20150012942 A KR20150012942 A KR 20150012942A
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polymer electrolyte
seawater
present
aggregate
filter
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KR1020130089150A
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Korean (ko)
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유지범
김슬기
서성록
김소연
이한별
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성균관대학교산학협력단
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Priority to KR1020130089150A priority Critical patent/KR20150012942A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/08—Prevention of membrane fouling or of concentration polarisation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
    • C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for desalting seawater by adding a polymer electrolyte to seawater to form an aggregate of polymer electrolyte and filtering the aggregate of the polymer electrolyte using a filter, To a seawater desalination method capable of filtering seawater and reducing power used to maintain reverse osmosis.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a desalination method using a polymer electrolyte,

The present invention relates to a seawater desalination method using a polymer electrolyte.

To obtain freshwater from seawater, dissolved or suspended components in seawater should be removed to meet water and drinking water standards. The method of desalination of seawater can be largely divided into evaporation method and reverse osmosis method. In particular, reverse osmosis method is a method of obtaining high purity fresh water by removing substances dissolved in seawater or the like by using filter and osmotic pressure. In addition to seawater desalination, , Treatment of industrial wastewater, and free circulation reuse.

In the reverse osmosis method, the filter used for separation and purification of seawater is formed with pores small enough to filter ions, and the permeability is very low. In addition, in order to separate the water and the salt, separation pressure must be applied to the incoming seawater by a pressure higher than the osmotic pressure caused by the components dissolved in the seawater. Typically, the concentration of salt dissolved in the seawater is about 30,000 ppm to about 45,000 ppm, and the osmotic pressure resulting from such a seawater concentration is about 30 atmospheres to about 50 atmospheres. In other words, to obtain a small amount of fresh water from seawater, basically a pressure of at least 30 atm should be applied.

On the other hand, a high-pressure pump is used as a driving force of pressure necessary to overcome the osmotic pressure of seawater and produce fresh water, and it requires high power to drive it. In recent years, in order to reduce the power used for seawater desalination, a method of lowering the pressure of inflow water using a double osmotic device as disclosed in Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2011-0067748 has been developed. However, , There is still a difficulty in spreading seawater desalination systems due to the burden of high power consumption.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for desalination of seawater using a polymer electrolyte.

However, the problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned problems, and other problems not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for desalination of seawater using a polymer electrolyte, comprising the steps of adding a polymer electrolyte to seawater to form a polymer electrolyte aggregate, and filtering the polymer electrolyte aggregate using a filter.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, since the size of the polymer electrolyte aggregate is considerably larger than the size of the ions included in the seawater, a filter having a larger pore size can be used for filtration, thereby increasing the permeability of the seawater passing through the filter. In addition, there is an advantage that problems that occur to precisely control the pore size of the filter used for filtration can be avoided. In particular, due to the larger pore size of the filter, a lower pressure can be applied to maintain the reverse osmosis pressure, thereby reducing the energy consumed therein.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a process of forming a coil structure of a polymer electrolyte aggregate formed according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
FIG. 2 is a view showing a structure of a polymer electrolyte aggregate formed according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. It should be understood, however, that the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

Throughout this specification, when an element is referred to as "including " an element, it is understood that the element may include other elements as well, without departing from the other elements unless specifically stated otherwise.

The terms "about "," substantially ", etc. used to the extent that they are used throughout the specification are intended to be taken to mean the approximation of the manufacturing and material tolerances inherent in the stated sense, Accurate or absolute numbers are used to help prevent unauthorized exploitation by unauthorized intruders of the referenced disclosure.

The word " step (or step) "or" step "used to the extent that it is used throughout the specification does not mean" step for.

Throughout this specification, the term "combination (s) thereof " included in the expression of the machine form means a mixture or combination of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of the constituents described in the expression of the form of a marker, Quot; means at least one selected from the group consisting of the above-mentioned elements.

Throughout this specification, the description of "A and / or B" means "A or B, or A and B".

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for desalination of seawater using a polymer electrolyte, comprising the steps of adding a polymer electrolyte to seawater to form a polymer electrolyte aggregate, and filtering the polymer electrolyte aggregate using a filter.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the amount of the polymer electrolyte added to the seawater may be about 1 wt% to about 20 wt%, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the amount of the polymer electrolyte to be added to the seawater may be about 1 wt% to about 20 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 15 wt%, about 1 wt% to about 10 wt%, about 1 wt% About 5 wt% to about 20 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 15 wt%, about 5 wt% to about 10 wt%, about 10 wt% to about 20 wt%, about 10 wt% 15 wt%, or from about 15 wt% to about 20 wt%, based on the total weight of the composition.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the polymer electrolyte may be formed by aggregating the cation or anion contained in the seawater, or by adsorbing cation and anion to form the polymer electrolyte aggregate, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the polymer electrolyte aggregate may be formed by stirring at a temperature of about -10 ° C to about 40 ° C, but may not be limited thereto. For example, the polyelectrolyte agglomerates can be reacted at a temperature of about -10 ° C to about 40 ° C, about -8 ° C to about 40 ° C, about -6 ° C to about 40 ° C, about -4 ° C to about 40 ° C, About 40 C, about 0 C to about 40 C, about 2 C to about 40 C, about 4 C to about 40 C, about 6 C to about 40 C, about 8 C to about 40 C, From about 12 C to about 40 C, from about 12 C to about 40 C, from about 14 C to about 40 C, from about 16 C to about 40 C, from about 18 C to about 40 C, From about 24 째 C to about 40 째 C, from about 26 째 C to about 40 째 C, from about 28 째 C to about 40 째 C, from about 30 째 C to about 40 째 C, from about 32 째 C to about 40 째 C, from about 34 째 C to about 40 째 C, C to about 40 C, about 38 C to about 40 C, about-10 C to about 35 C, about-8 C to about 35 C, about -6 C to about 35 C, From about 2 DEG C to about 35 DEG C, from about 0 DEG C to about 35 DEG C, from about 2 DEG C to about 35 DEG C, from about 4 DEG C to about 35 DEG C, from about 6 DEG C to about 35 DEG C, About 16 ° C to about 35 ° C, about 18 ° C to about 35 ° C, about 20 ° C to about 35 ° C, about 10 ° C to about 35 ° C, about 12 ° C to about 35 ° C, About 30 ° C to about 35 ° C, about 22 ° C to about 35 ° C, about 24 ° C to about 35 ° C, about 26 ° C to about 35 ° C, about 28 ° C to about 35 ° C, From about-10 C to about 30 C, from about-8 C to about 30 C, from about -6 C to about 30 C, from about -4 C to about 30 C, from about -35 C to about 35 C, From about 2 째 C to about 30 째 C, from about 0 째 C to about 30 째 C, from about 2 째 C to about 30 째 C, from about 4 째 C to about 30 째 C, from about 6 째 C to about 30 째 C, from about 8 째 C to about 30 째 C, From about 20 째 C to about 30 째 C, from about 22 째 C to about 30 째 C, from about 12 째 C to about 30 째 C, from about 14 째 C to about 30 째 C, from about 16 째 C to about 30 째 C, From about-10 C to about 25 C, from about-8 C to about 25 C, from about 24 C to about 30 C, from about 26 C to about 30 C, from about 28 C to about 30 C, From about 2 DEG C to about 25 DEG C, from about 4 DEG C to about 25 DEG C, from about -2 DEG C to about 25 DEG C, from about 0 DEG C to about 25 DEG C, from about 2 DEG C to about 25 DEG C, About 25 ° C, about 6 ° C to about 25 ° C, about 8 ° C to about 25 ° C, about 10 ° C to about 25 ° C, about 12 ° C to about 25 ° C, About 20 ° C to about 25 ° C, about 22 ° C to about 25 ° C, about 24 ° C to about 25 ° C, about -10 ° C to about 20 ° C, about -8 ° C to about 20 ° C, About 2 ° C to about 20 ° C, about 2 ° C to about 20 ° C, about 4 ° C to about 20 ° C, about 4 ° C to about 20 ° C, From about 6 째 C to about 20 째 C, from about 8 째 C to about 20 째 C, from about 10 째 C to about 20 째 C, from about 12 째 C to about 20 째 C, from about 14 째 C to about 20 째 C, From about-10 C to about 15 C, from about-8 C to about 15 C, from about -6 C to about 15 C, from about -4 C to about 15 C, from about -2 C to about 15 From about 0 C to about 15 C, from about 2 C to about 15 C, from about 4 C to about 15 C, from about 6 C to about 15 C, from about 8 C to about 15 C, from about 10 C to about 15 C, From about-10 C to about 10 C, from about-8 C to about 10 C, from about -6 C to about 10 C, from about -4 C to about 10 C From about 2 DEG C to about 10 DEG C, from about 0 DEG C to about 10 DEG C, from about 2 DEG C to about 10 DEG C, from about 4 DEG C to about 10 DEG C, from about 6 DEG C to about 10 DEG C, From about-10 C to about 5 C, from about-8 C to about 5 C, from about -6 C to about 5 C, from about -4 C to about 5 C, from about -2 C to about 5 C, About 4 ° C to about 5 ° C, about -10 ° C to about 0 ° C, about -8 ° C to about 0 ° C, about -6 ° C to about 0 ° C, about -4 ° C To about 0 C, from about -2 C to about 0 C, from about-10 C to about -5 C, from about-8 C to about -5 C, or from about -6 C to about -5 C Can be However, the present invention is not limited thereto.

Since the size of the polymer electrolyte aggregate according to the present invention may be about 100 times larger than the size of the ion, a filter having a larger pore size can be used for filtration, thereby increasing the permeability of seawater passing through the filter. Accordingly, the seawater desalination method according to the present invention can filter a larger amount of seawater per unit time.

In one embodiment of the invention, the filtration step may be, but not limited to, using reverse osmosis.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the polymer electrolyte may include, but is not limited to, a polymer containing an anionic functional group or a polymer containing a protein. The polyampholytes according to the present invention are both charged and negatively charged polymers. In a dilute solution, the flexible polymorph form is changed by the electrostatic interactions between the ionic groups, so it changes according to the sequence of the charges attached to the polymer chain and the surrounding environment. For example, the polymer electrolyte is -COOH, -SO 3 H, or -PO 3 H 2, etc. of the anionic substance, polyphosphate, polystyrene sulfonic acid, polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl amine polyacrylic acid, containing a functional group of methacrylic acid , Or a polymeric acid such as polylysine, and / or a protein, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the cation may include, but is not limited to, an alkali metal ion or an alkaline earth metal ion.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the anion may include, but is not limited to, a halide ion, a sulfate ion, or a carbonate ion.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the filter may include, but is not limited to, those having a pore size of about 100 nm or less. For example, the pore size of the filter can range from about 1 nm to about 100 nm, from about 1 nm to about 80 nm, from about 1 nm to about 60 nm, from about 1 nm to about 40 nm, from about 1 nm to about 20 nm, From about 20 nm to about 100 nm, from about 20 nm to about 80 nm, from about 20 nm to about 60 nm, from about 20 nm to about 40 nm, from about 40 nm to about 100 nm, from about 40 nm to about 80 nm, from about 40 From about 60 nm to about 100 nm, from about 60 nm to about 80 nm, or from about 80 nm to about 100 nm.

The filter used in the filtration step according to the present invention does not need to precisely control the pore size to about 1 nm or less, so that it is possible to reduce the cost consumed thereby, and accordingly, Can be avoided. In addition, since a lower pressure can be applied to maintain the reverse osmosis pressure by the larger pore size of the filter, the power consumed as the driving force of the high-pressure pump can be reduced.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the size of the polymer electrolyte aggregate may be about 100 nm or more, but may not be limited thereto. For example, the size of the polymer electrolyte aggregate may be greater than about 100 nm to about 1 m, greater than about 100 nm to about 5 m, greater than about 100 nm to about 10 m, greater than about 100 nm to about 15 m, From greater than about 1 micrometer to about 20 micrometers, from greater than about 1 micrometer to about 5 micrometers, from greater than about 1 micrometer to about 10 micrometers, from greater than about 1 micrometer to about 15 micrometers, from greater than about 1 micrometer to about 20 micrometers, , Greater than about 5 microns to about 15 microns, greater than about 5 microns to about 20 microns, greater than about 10 microns to about 15 microns, greater than about 10 microns to about 20 microns, or greater than about 15 microns to about 20 microns But may not be limited thereto.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. However, the following Examples are given for the purpose of helping understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples.

[ Example ]

Example  1: Seawater desalination using polymer electrolyte

2% by weight and 4% by weight of polyacrylic acid (PAA) were added to the seawater by adding 3.2% by weight of NaCl to 100 mL of ultrapure water at 25 ° C. , 6% by weight and 10% by weight, and the mixture was stirred and filtered using a filter having a pore size of 100 nm.

Experiments were conducted using a salinity meter and a pH meter to measure the concentration of sodium ions in each of the remaining liquid and filtrate after filtration using the mixed solution of the seawater and the polymer electrolyte obtained in Example 1 and the filter, The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[Table 1]

Figure pat00001

The Na + The removal rate (%) was calculated by the following equation (1).

[Formula 1]

Na + clearance = [(PAA 0% addition of a filtration before the half bridge Na + concentration) - (Na + concentration in the filtrate) / (the filtration was added to PAA 0% Na + concentration of the former half bridge)

Referring to Table 1, the seawater desalination using the polymer electrolyte according to the present embodiment can be performed by adding polyacrylic acid, a polymer electrolyte, to seawater and filtering the mixed solution of seawater and polymer electrolyte into a filter having a pore size of 100 nm. The effect of eliminating the sodium ion contained therein can be seen. Particularly, when 4 wt% of polyacrylic acid is added to sea water, the Na + removal ratio (%) is the highest.

It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing description of the embodiments is for illustrative purposes and that those skilled in the art can easily modify the invention without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. It is therefore to be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive. For example, each component described as a single entity may be distributed and implemented, and components described as being distributed may also be implemented in a combined form.

The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the detailed description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention .

Claims (10)

Adding a polymer electrolyte to seawater to form a polymer electrolyte aggregate; And
Filtering the polymer electrolyte aggregate using a filter
Wherein the desalination is performed using a polymer electrolyte.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the amount of the polymer electrolyte added to the total weight of the seawater is 1 wt% to 20 wt%.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the polymer electrolyte adsorbs a cation or an anion contained in the seawater, or a cation and an anion is adsorbed and coagulated to form the polymer electrolyte aggregate, and the seawater desalination method using the polymer electrolyte.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the polymer electrolyte aggregate is formed by stirring at a temperature of -10 to 40 占 폚.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the filtering step uses a reverse osmosis method.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the polymer electrolyte comprises a polymer acid containing an anionic functional group or a polymer emulsion containing a protein.
The method of claim 3,
Wherein the cation comprises an alkali metal ion or an alkaline earth metal ion.
The method of claim 3,
Wherein the anion comprises a halide ion, a sulfate ion, or a carbonate ion.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the filter has a pore size of 100 nm or less.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the size of the polymer electrolyte agglomerates is greater than 100 nm.
KR1020130089150A 2013-07-26 2013-07-26 Desalination method of seawater using polymer electrolyte KR20150012942A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101652685B1 (en) * 2015-05-21 2016-09-01 한국과학기술연구원 Method for measuring a pollution level of inorganic ion

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101652685B1 (en) * 2015-05-21 2016-09-01 한국과학기술연구원 Method for measuring a pollution level of inorganic ion

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