KR20140129638A - Gas flow obstructing structure for fluidized bed reactor and fluidized bed reactor with same - Google Patents

Gas flow obstructing structure for fluidized bed reactor and fluidized bed reactor with same Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20140129638A
KR20140129638A KR1020130048181A KR20130048181A KR20140129638A KR 20140129638 A KR20140129638 A KR 20140129638A KR 1020130048181 A KR1020130048181 A KR 1020130048181A KR 20130048181 A KR20130048181 A KR 20130048181A KR 20140129638 A KR20140129638 A KR 20140129638A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
gas flow
fluidized bed
gas
bed reactor
reactor
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KR1020130048181A
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Korean (ko)
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김욱영
김진도
장광현
윤광우
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주식회사 엘지화학
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Priority to KR1020130048181A priority Critical patent/KR20140129638A/en
Publication of KR20140129638A publication Critical patent/KR20140129638A/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J19/2415—Tubular reactors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
    • B01J8/44—Fluidisation grids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82B—NANOSTRUCTURES FORMED BY MANIPULATION OF INDIVIDUAL ATOMS, MOLECULES, OR LIMITED COLLECTIONS OF ATOMS OR MOLECULES AS DISCRETE UNITS; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • B82B1/00—Nanostructures formed by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
    • B82B1/008—Nanostructures not provided for in groups B82B1/001 - B82B1/007
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82B—NANOSTRUCTURES FORMED BY MANIPULATION OF INDIVIDUAL ATOMS, MOLECULES, OR LIMITED COLLECTIONS OF ATOMS OR MOLECULES AS DISCRETE UNITS; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • B82B3/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
    • B82B3/0004—Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of nanostructural devices or systems or methods for manufacturing the same
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82B—NANOSTRUCTURES FORMED BY MANIPULATION OF INDIVIDUAL ATOMS, MOLECULES, OR LIMITED COLLECTIONS OF ATOMS OR MOLECULES AS DISCRETE UNITS; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • B82B3/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
    • B82B3/0009—Forming specific nanostructures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
    • C01B32/158—Carbon nanotubes
    • C01B32/16—Preparation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a gas flow obstructing structure for a fluidized bed reactor which obstructs gas flow rising through a reaction space by being arranged on the transverse section center of the reaction space formed in an inner space of a taper region of a fluidized bed reactor. Additionally, the present invention provides a fluidized bed reactor equipped with the gas flow obstructing structure of a fluidized bed reactor.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a gas flow disturbing structure for a fluidized bed reactor and a fluidized bed reactor having the same,

Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fluidized bed reactor, and more particularly, to a gas flow obstruction structure for a fluidized bed reactor and a fluidized bed reactor having the same. In particular, the present invention relates to a fluidized bed reactor that can be used for producing carbon nanostructures and a gas flow obstruction structure provided in the fluidized bed reactor.

Fluidized bed reactors are reactor devices that can be used to perform a variety of multiphase chemical reactions. In a fluidized bed reactor, a fluid (gas or liquid) reacts with a solid material in a particulate state, typically the solid material is a catalyst having the shape of a small sphere and the fluid is flowed at a rate sufficient to float the solid material So that the solid material behaves like a fluid.

On the other hand, carbon nanostructures (CNS) refer to nano-sized carbon structures having various shapes such as nanotubes, nanofibers, fullerenes, nanocons, nanohorns, and nano-rods and have various excellent properties It is highly utilized in various technical fields. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which are typical carbon nanostructures, are formed by bonding three neighboring carbon atoms to each other in a hexagonal honeycomb structure to form a carbon plane, and the carbon plane is cylindrically shaped to have a tube shape. Carbon nanotubes have a characteristic of being a conductor or a semiconductor depending on the structure, that is, the diameter of the tube, and can be widely applied in various technical fields, and thus, they are popular as new materials. For example, the carbon nanotubes can be applied to an electrode of an electrochemical storage device such as a secondary cell, a fuel cell or a supercapacity, an electromagnetic wave shielding, a field emission display, or a gas sensor.

The carbon nanostructure can be produced by, for example, an arc discharge method, a laser evaporation method, or a chemical vapor deposition method. In the chemical vapor deposition method among the above-described manufacturing methods, carbon nanostructures are produced by dispersing and reacting metal catalyst particles and hydrocarbon-based raw material gases in a fluidized bed reactor at a high temperature. That is, the metal catalyst reacts with the raw material gas while floating in the fluidized bed reactor by the raw material gas to grow the carbon nanostructure.

On the other hand, Patent Application Publication Nos. 10-2009-0027377 and 10-2010-0059412 disclose a device for manufacturing a carbon nanotube having a filter unit or a blocking portion for preventing a metal catalyst from being lost along a reactor exhaust hole in a fluidized bed reactor . In addition, Patent Registration No. 10-1008244 discloses a reactor equipped with a conical structure for pulverizing carbon nanotube aggregates entangled on a catalyst in a carbon nanotube synthesis reactor. The use of the structure in this patent is to break the solid particles by causing the solid particles contained in the gas and gas flow to strike the structure at a high flow rate through the nozzle.

However, in the above literature, it has been found that the fluidized bed reactor in which the tapered region is formed at the bottom or the dispersing plate at the lower end of the tapered region is relatively fast at the center of the reactor wall than the reactor wall, The problem that the reaction does not occur uniformly has not been recognized or suggested.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a gas flow disturbing structure and a fluidized bed reactor having the gas flow disturbing structure capable of uniform mixing between a catalyst and a raw material gas in a tapered region of a fluidized bed reactor, .

It is another object of the present invention to provide a gas flow obstruction structure and a fluidized bed reactor having the gas flow obstruction structure that make the velocity of the gas flow uniform in the tapered region of the fluidized bed reactor.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a gas flow obstructing structure and a fluidized bed reactor having the gas flow obstructing structure for facilitating contact between a catalyst and a raw material gas in a tapered region of a fluidized bed reactor.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fluidized bed reactor disposed at a center of a cross section of a reaction space formed inside a tapered region of a fluidized bed reactor to prevent a flow of gas rising through the reaction space A gas flow obstruction structure for an apparatus is provided.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gas flow obstructing structure may be formed with a cylindrical portion and a hemispherical upper portion and a hemispherical lower portion respectively formed on upper and lower sides of the cylindrical portion.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gas flow obstruction structure may be formed with an ellipsoid.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the gas stream interfering structure, the underside of the two pyramids bonded to each other vertices are oriented to each other in opposite directions may be formed.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the gas stream interfering structure, the bottom surface of the two cones joined to each other vertex to each other is oriented in the opposite direction may be formed.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the gas stream interfering structure, the plane of the base and the halves of the cone may be formed by bonding to each other.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a reactor comprising: a reactor body having a tapered region formed therein; And a gas flow obstructing structure disposed in the transverse section center of the reaction space formed inside the tapered region for obstructing the flow of gas rising through the reaction space.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fluidized-bed reactor includes a catalyst supply pipe for supplying a catalyst to the inside of the reactor, and a reaction gas connected to the lower portion of the reactor and containing a carbon source, a reducing gas and an inert gas, And a product discharge pipe through which the carbon nanostructure and the mixed gas are discharged. The catalyst, the carbon source, and the reactive gas react with each other while flowing in the reaction zone to produce a carbon nanostructure.

In the gas flow obstructing structure for a fluidized bed reactor according to the present invention and the fluidized bed reactor having the same, the flow of the rising gas in the tapered region of the fluidized bed reactor is caused by the center of the transverse section and the inner wall of the reactor body It can be made uniform. Therefore, the reaction between the raw material gas and the catalyst in the tapered region can be smoothly performed not only at the center of the transverse section but also at the inner wall of the reactor body.

1 schematically shows an example of a fluidized bed reactor for producing carbon nanotubes.
FIG. 2 shows a schematic configuration of a fluidized bed reactor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figures 3 (a) through 3 (b) are schematic perspective views of a gas flow obstruction structure for a fluidized bed reactor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the embodiments of the invention shown in the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments, but includes all modifications, equivalents, or alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

In the drawings, like reference numerals are used for similar elements.

The terms first, second, A, B, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components are not limited by these terms, and may be used to distinguish one component from another Only.

The term " and / or " includes any one or a combination of the plurality of listed items.

It is to be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another element, it is to be understood that other elements may be directly connected or connected, or intervening elements may be present.

The singular expressions include plural expressions unless otherwise specified.

It will be understood that the terms "comprises", "having", and the like have the same meanings as the features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, parts or combinations thereof described in the specification, Does not exclude the possibility that an operation, component, component, or combination thereof may be present or added.

1 schematically shows an arrangement according to one example of a fluidized bed reactor, and the detailed configuration may be modified to any extent as needed, but is not limited thereto. Such fluidized bed reactors are useful for the production of carbon nanostructures such as, for example, carbon nanotubes or carbon nanofibers.

Referring to the drawings, a fluidized bed reactor 1 has a reactor body 10, and a lower portion of the reactor body 10 is formed as a tapered region 10a. In order to heat the reactor body 10 to a high temperature, it is preferable that a heater 19 is provided outside the reactor body 10.

A raw material gas supply unit 12 is provided at the bottom of the fluidized bed reactor 1. The feed gas may be, for example, a reactive gas comprising a hydrocarbon-based gas for producing a carbon nanostructure. The raw material gas is supplied to the inside of the reactor main body 10 through a raw material gas supply pipe 21 connected to the raw material gas supply unit 12. The feed gas may be preheated in the preheater 17 before being fed into the reactor body 10. The raw material gas is dispersed into the reaction space in the reactor main body 10 through the dispersing plate 13 by disposing the dispersing plate 13 below the reaction space formed inside the reactor main body 10.

A stretching part 11 may be provided on the upper part of the reactor body 10. The expander 11 is provided with a separator (not shown) for preventing the catalyst from reacting from the reactor body 10 and reaction products (for example, carbon nanostructure such as carbon nanotube or fiber) ) May be provided. A filter 18 is connected to the elongated portion 11 and the component gas filtered by the filter 18 is conveyed through the conveying pipe 23. On the other hand, a recirculation pipe 22 is connected to the expansion part 11 to recirculate part of the mixed gas discharged from the expansion part 11 to the raw material gas supply pipe 21 through the recirculation pipe 22.

A separator 14 is connected to one side of the upper portion of the reactor main body 10 through a pipe 24. The separator 14 is for separating the product from the mixed gas discharged from the reactor body 10, for example, for separating the mixed gas from the carbon nanostructure. A separator 14 is connected to one side of the reactor body 10 through a pipe 15 to collect a product such as carbon nanostructure. On the other hand, the catalyst supplier 16 is connected to the pipe 26 so that the catalyst can be supplied to the inside of the reactor main body 10 through the pipe 26. Although not shown in the drawing, the pipe 26 is provided with a blower so that the mixed gas separated from the separator 14 and the catalyst supplied from the catalyst feeder 16 can be fed into the reactor main body 10.

In the fluidized bed reactor as described above, since the taper region 10a is formed in the reactor body 10, powders of various sizes can flow even if the size of the product powder is not constant. That is, in the tapered region 10a of the reactor main body 10, since the linear velocity varies depending on the cross-sectional area, powder of various sizes can flow at one time.

On the other hand, in the taper region close to the dispersion plate 13 during the operation of the fluidized bed reactor as described above, a core of the gas flow is formed along the center of the transverse section of the reactor body 10, While the flow of gas is relatively smooth in the vicinity of the wall surface of the reactor body 10. That is, the velocity of the gas flow in the tapered region of the reactor body 10 varies between the center of the transverse section and the wall surface. As a result, the contact between the catalyst and the raw material gas is actively performed at the central portion of the tapered region in the transverse section, while the contact between the catalyst and the raw material gas is relatively inactive at the wall surface, have.

Referring to FIG. 2, a schematic configuration of a fluidized bed reactor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown. The overall structure of the fluidized bed reactor shown in FIG. 2 is substantially similar to that of the fluidized bed reactor described with reference to FIG. 1, wherein like elements are designated by like reference numerals.

The fluidized bed reactor 1 of FIG. 2 comprises a reactor body 10 having a reaction space formed therein, a heating section 19 disposed outside the reactor body 10 for heating the reactor body 10, A dispersion plate 13 disposed below the reaction space formed in the interior of the body 10, and a stretching unit 11 provided on the body 10. A portion of the mixed gas separated at the elongating portion 11 is filtered at the filter 18 and is conveyed through the conveying pipe 23 and another portion of the mixed gas separated at the elongating portion 11 is conveyed to the recirculation discharge pipe 22 And is recycled to the raw gas feed pipe 21 through the feed pipe 21.

The fluidized bed reactor 1 further comprises a separator 14 connected to one side of the upper portion of the reactor body 10, a recoverer 15 for recovering products such as carbon nanotubes separated from the separator 14, And a catalyst supply unit 16 connected to one side of the bottom of the catalytic converter for supplying the catalyst. At the bottom of the fluidized bed reactor 1, a raw material gas supply unit 12 is provided. The raw material gas heated through the preheater 17 is supplied to the inside of the reactor main body 10 through the raw material gas supplying part 12 and the raw material gas is supplied to the reaction space of the reactor main body 10 through the dispersing plate 13 Dispersed.

According to an aspect of the present invention, a gas flow obstructing structure (A) is disposed in a reaction space formed inside the taper region (10a) of the reactor body (10) to prevent the upward flow of the raw material gas. 2, the gas flow obstructing structure A is indicated by an imaginary line, and the actual gas flow obstructing structure A includes a three-dimensional shape which is described in more detail with reference to Figs. 3 (A) to 3 (B) I have. The gas flow obstructing structure (A) can be supported inside the reactor body 10 by a support structure not shown. For example, a support beam or cable can be used to support the gas flow obstructing structure A in a predetermined position within the reactor body 10. [

As shown in the figure, the gas flow obstructing structure A is disposed at the center of the transverse cross section inside the tapered region 10a of the reactor body 10. Therefore, the flow of gas flowing through the raw material gas supply unit 12 and the dispersion plate 13 is resisted by the gas flow obstructing structure A. The rising gas flow is prevented from concentrating in the center of the transverse section in the reaction space of the tapered region 10a and has a tendency to diffuse toward the inner wall of the reactor body 10. [ Thus, the flow of gas can be made uniform over the entire cross-section. As a result, not only at the center of the transverse section in the tapered area, but also near the inner wall of the reactor body 10, contact between the raw material gas and the catalyst can be actively generated and a uniform reaction can be achieved.

The position and size of the gas flow obstructing structure can be controlled by considering the flow rate of the gas to be introduced, the diameter of the cross section of the reactor, and the taper angle of the tapered region.

Figures 3 (a) - 3 (b) schematically illustrate embodiments of the gas flow obstruction structure shown in Figure 2.

3 (A), the gas flow obstructing structure A is formed by joining the hemispherical upper portion 62 and the hemispheric lower portion 63 to the upper side and the lower side of the cylindrical portion 61, respectively. When the gas flow obstructing structure A is installed inside the reactor body 10, the gas flow obstructing structure A is disposed such that the hemispherical upper portion 62 faces upward and the hemispherical lower portion 63 faces downward.

Referring to Fig. 3 (B), the gas flow obstructing structure (A) has the shape of a spheroid. When the gas flow obstructing structure (A) is installed inside the reactor body (10), the gas flow obstructing structure (A) is arranged such that the long axis of the spheroid extends upward and downward.

Referring to Fig. 3 (C), the gas flow obstructing structure A is formed by joining two pyramids to each other. The vertexes of the two pyramids are oriented in opposite directions, and the bottom surfaces of the two pyramids are joined together. In the example shown in Fig. 3 (C), the bottom surface of each pyramid is tetragonal. In another example, the bottom surface of the pyramid may be triangular or polygonal having a pentagonal shape or more. When the gas flow obstructing structure (A) is installed inside the reactor body (10), the gas flow obstructing structure (A) is arranged such that the vertexes of the two prisms are respectively directed upward and downward.

Referring to Fig. 3 (D), the gas flow obstructing structure A is formed by joining two cones together. The two cones are oriented in opposite directions to each other, and the bottoms of the two cones are joined to each other. When the gas flow obstructing structure (A) is installed inside the reactor body (10), the gas flow obstructing structure (A) is arranged so that the vertexes of the two cones are oriented respectively up and down.

Referring to FIGS. 3 (e) and 3 (b), the bottom of the cone and the plane of the hemisphere are bonded to each other to form the gas flow obstructing structure A. The gas flow obstructing structure A may be disposed such that the vertex of the cone is directed upward or downward when installed inside the reactor body 10. [

10. Reactor body 11. Extension portion
12. Raw gas supply 13. Dispersion plate
21. Raw gas supply pipe A. Gas flow obstruction structure

Claims (8)

A gas flow obstruction structure for a fluidized bed reactor for interrupting the flow of gas rising through the reaction space, the gas flow obstruction structure being disposed in the transverse section center of the reaction space formed within the tapered region of the fluidized bed reactor. 2. The gas flow restriction structure according to claim 1,
A cylindrical portion,
And a hemispherical upper portion and a hemispherical lower portion formed on both upper and lower sides of the cylindrical portion, respectively. 2. The gas flow restriction structure according to claim 1,
A gas flow obstruction structure for a fluidized bed reactor formed with an ellipsoid. 2. The gas flow restriction structure according to claim 1,
A gas flow obstruction structure for a fluidized bed reactor, wherein the bottom surfaces of two pyramids are joined to each other such that the vertexes are oriented in opposite directions. 2. The gas flow restriction structure according to claim 1,
A gas flow obstruction structure for a fluidized bed reactor, wherein the bottoms of two cones are joined to each other such that the vertexes point in opposite directions. 2. The gas flow restriction structure according to claim 1,
A gas flow obstruction structure for a fluidized bed reactor formed by joining together the cone bottom and hemispherical planes. A reactor body having a tapered region formed therein; And
And a gas flow obstruction structure disposed in the transverse section center of the reaction space formed inside the tapered region to obstruct the flow of gas rising through the reaction space. 8. The process according to claim 7, wherein the fluidized bed reactor
A catalyst supply pipe for supplying the catalyst into the reactor main body,
A reaction gas supply pipe connected to the lower portion of the reactor and supplying a reaction gas containing a carbon source, a reducing gas and an inert gas into the reactor,
And a product discharge pipe through which the carbon nanostructure and the mixed gas are discharged,
Wherein the catalyst, the carbon source, and the reactive gas react with each other while flowing in the reaction space to produce a carbon nanostructure.
KR1020130048181A 2013-04-30 2013-04-30 Gas flow obstructing structure for fluidized bed reactor and fluidized bed reactor with same KR20140129638A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021107257A1 (en) * 2019-11-27 2021-06-03 에스티엑스건설 주식회사 Highly efficient and highly rigid dual fluidized bed reactor

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021107257A1 (en) * 2019-11-27 2021-06-03 에스티엑스건설 주식회사 Highly efficient and highly rigid dual fluidized bed reactor
KR20210066052A (en) * 2019-11-27 2021-06-07 에스티엑스건설 주식회사 High efficiency, high rigidity dual fluidized bed reactor

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