KR20140111759A - Manufacturing method of the amino acid liquid fertilizer and protein feed using slaughter blood - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a manufacturing method of an amino acid fertilizer and a dried protein feed using blood of a slaughtered animal. According to the present invention, collected blood of a slaughtered animal is pretreated with ultrasonic waves and is decomposed by enzymes; then the blood is processed by solid-liquid separation to be the amino acid fertilizer and the dried protein feed. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the manufacturing method includes the steps of: pretreating the collected blood of a slaughtered animal with ultrasonic waves; decomposing the blood degraded in the earlier step by adding a fermenting agent for enzymatic decomposition to the blood; and separating solid and liquid from the blood of slaughtered animal processed by the decomposition step.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an amino acid liquid fertilizer and protein feed using slaughter blood,

The present invention relates to an amino acid solution ratio and a method for producing a protein dried feed, and more particularly, to a method for producing an amino acid solution ratio and a protein dry diets by subjecting the collected slaughter blood to an ultrasonic pretreatment and enzymatic degradation, will be.

At present, a total of 982 tons (tons) of pulmonary blood is generated daily at 139 slaughterhouses in Korea, and the amount of blood slaughtered annually reaches 235,562 tons.

Among them, small blood is consumed in most cases in Korea, and blood of chickens and ducks is collected as dried by other by-products in the stomach, dried and recycled partly as feeds. Approximately 75,000 tonnes (311 tonnes per day a year) are being disposed of annually.

However, the amount of slaughter and the amount of slaughtered blood are increasing every year due to the increase in national income. Most of the blood in slaughtered blood is consumed by marine discharges .

However, in the amendment of the Marine Pollution Control Act Enforcement Regulations (Feb.21, 2006) as a result of the entry into force of the '96 Protocol, marine emissions standards for wastes including slaughter blood have been significantly strengthened, and marine emission bans are imminent.

Recently, attempts have been made to recycle slaughter blood as a fertilizer for agriculture. The slaughter blood contains 77.27% of water, 20.89% of organic matter, 18% of total protein, and most of the organic matter content is protein · It corresponds to a waste resource with a very high agricultural value.

As a conventional technique related thereto, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2004-0065201 (Patent Document 1) discloses a method of hydrolyzing a protein by adding a strong acid such as nitric acid or sulfuric acid to an animal's body, A method for producing an amino acid liquid fertilizer which is neutralized with calcium oxide is disclosed.

However, when a strong acid such as nitric acid or sulfuric acid is used, most of the amino acid in the form of a ring is destroyed and only the free amino acid form is present in the decomposition process of the protein. Therefore, the amino acid content of the final product is 2% to 5% And there is a problem that the fertilization is not continuous.

In addition, salt is accumulated and used in the liquid fertilizer during the neutralization process, so that there is a problem that soil contamination due to the accumulation of salts occurs at the time of establishment.

In addition, as disclosed in Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0976085 (Patent Document 2), the conventional slaughter blood treatment technology dehydrates and dried pulmonary blood to make blood, and this blood is processed and used as feeds or compost However, there is a problem of generation of wastewater due to the dehydration process and an increase in manufacturing cost due to the drying process, and it is troublesome to liquefy the produced blood components again in order to reproduce them.

KR 10-2004-0065201 A (July 21, 2004) open) KR 10-0976085 B1 (Aug. 10, 2010) Enrollment)

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for disassembling and fermenting slaughter blood in a natural state without requiring a separate blood- It is intended to provide a method of recycling.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an environmentally friendly method which does not cause environmental pollution caused by wastewater in the treatment of slaughter blood.

In addition, an embodiment of the present invention aims to provide a method for producing an amino acid solution having all 20 essential amino acids and having a high production yield.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for simultaneously producing a protein dry feed together with an amino acid solution.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pretreatment step of ultrasonically treating the collected slaughter blood for decomposition; An enzyme decomposition step of adding an enzyme-decomposing fermentation agent to slaughter blood decomposed in the pretreatment step; And a solid-liquid separation step of subjecting the slaughter blood obtained through the enzymatic decomposition step to solid-liquid separation.

Here, before the pretreatment step, the method may further include a step of disrupting blood cells of the slaughter blood by a pulverizer.

In the pretreatment step, the protein in the slaughter blood is converted into a low molecular weight protein and a peptide.

In addition, pathogens in the slaughter blood are killed by the ultrasonic treatment in the pre-treatment step.

At this time, it is preferable that the ultrasonic wave has a frequency range of 20 kHz to 30 kHz.

In addition, in the pretreatment step, the temperature of the slaughter blood is preferably maintained at 40 ° C to 60 ° C.

At this time, the protein in the slaughter blood is decomposed into an amino acid in the enzyme decomposition step to produce a primary amino acid preparation.

In the solid-liquid separation step, the primary amino acid preparation is solid-liquid separated into an amino acid solution ratio and a protein dehydrated cake by a high-pressure filter press.

Herein, the protein dehydrating cake may further be sterilized and dried.

At this time, the protein dewatering cake can be pasteurized and dried by a microwave.

It is also possible that the protein dewatering cake is pasteurized and dried by a microwave and a high-temperature heating element.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the slaughter blood of the slaughter blood can be recycled as an environmentally friendly amino acid solution and a protein dry feed.

In addition, since the slaughter blood is decomposed and fermented in a natural state, there is no need for a separate blood production process and a wastewater treatment process, so that the manufacturing cost is reduced compared with the conventional one.

In addition, since it does not require the addition of strong acid as in the prior art, environmental pollution due to wastewater generated in the neutralization process can be prevented, damage caused by the accumulation of salts can be prevented at the time of formation, Lt; / RTI > can be obtained.

In addition, by solubilizing proteins in blood cells in the pulverization step, and converting proteins in the slaughter blood into low molecular weight proteins and peptides in an ultrasonic pretreatment step, the yield of primary amino acid preparation is improved, and the amino acid content is increased to 12% Amino acid fertilizer can be produced.

At this time, since the pathogen is killed by the ultrasonic treatment, the degradation efficiency of the enzyme by the pathogenic bacteria can be prevented in the step of decomposing the enzyme, and the decay and fermentation of the final product, thereby preventing the generation of odor and gas.

In addition, the protein-dried feed is produced simultaneously with the amino acid solution, which is a liquid amino acid preparation, through the solid-liquid separation step and the sterilization and drying step, thereby improving the productivity.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a conventional method for producing an amino acid liquid fertilizer.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for producing amino acid juice and protein dry feed using slaughter blood according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of an amino acid solution using a slaughter blood according to an embodiment of the present invention and a method for producing a protein dried feed will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this process, the thicknesses of the lines and the sizes of the components shown in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity and convenience of explanation.

In addition, the terms described below are defined in consideration of the functions of the present invention, which may vary depending on the intention or custom of the user, the operator. Therefore, definitions of these terms should be made based on the contents throughout this specification.

In addition, the following embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but merely as exemplifications of the constituent elements set forth in the claims of the present invention, and are included in technical ideas throughout the specification of the present invention, Embodiments that include components replaceable as equivalents in the elements may be included within the scope of the present invention.

Example

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method of preparing amino acid juice and protein dry feed using slaughter blood according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, the method of preparing amino acid juice and protein dry diets using slaughter blood according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a pretreatment step (S20) of sonifying and collecting the collected slaughter blood, An enzymatic decomposition step (S30) of adding an enzyme-decomposing fermentation agent to the slaughter blood, and a solid-liquid separation step (S40) of solid-liquid separation of the primary amino acid product produced by the enzymatic decomposition.

Here, the pretreatment step S20 is performed in order to increase an amino acid conversion of a protein in an enzymatic decomposition step (S30) to be performed subsequently.

The slaughter blood consists of approximately 55% of blood and approximately 45% of serum, which contains approximately 90% of moisture and approximately 8% of protein and blood cells of approximately 60% of moisture and approximately 30% of protein .

However, in general, the degradation efficiency of biological enzymes degradation of slaughter blood is very low, just about 5% of protein amino acid conversion.

This is because most of the proteins in slaughter blood are present in the blood cells and the cell wall of the hemocyte blocks the transfer of the protein substances in the hemocyte to the enzyme degradation substrate.

That is, due to the cell wall, which is a solid structure surrounding the hemocyte, a cytoplasm composed of a large amount of proteins such as hemoglobin can not be used for the enzymatic degradation.

Therefore, it is necessary to disintegrate the cell wall of the hemocyte and solubilize the protein in the hemocyte so that it can be used for enzymatic degradation. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the protein in the hemocyte is solubilized by irradiating ultrasonic waves to the slaughter blood .

This is based on the fact that cavitation occurs in the liquid medium when ultrasonic waves are irradiated. When the generated bubbles are destroyed, the high-temperature and high-pressure gases in the bubbles are momentarily released, and pyrolysis and OH The generation of strong oxidizing substances such as radicals is achieved. In addition, due to the high pressure caused by the shock wave generated when the bubble is destroyed, collision between molecules becomes active.

According to the ultrasonic treatment according to an embodiment of the present invention, the cell wall of the blood cell is destroyed by using the energy generated at the time of the microbubble destruction, and the protein of the slaughter blood is decomposed into the low molecular weight protein and the peptide.

In addition, the blood of a healthy animal is generally sterile, but in the process of collecting and collecting the blood during the slaughter process, the slaughter blood is contaminated with the microorganisms due to the animal's body surface, feces, and slaughter environment.

Thus, pathogens present in the slaughter blood may degrade efficiency at the time of enzyme degradation, and cause decay and fermentation of the final product, thereby causing odor and gas. By ultrasonic treatment according to one embodiment of the present invention, Mycorrhizae will die, and the killing efficiency of the pathogens can be up to 99.99%.

In order to increase the cell wall destruction efficiency of blood cells, a crushing step (S10) for destroying hematopoietic cells of slaughter blood using a crusher may be performed before the pretreatment step (S20) using ultrasonic waves.

In addition, since the blood of the livestock collected at the slaughterhouse is accompanied by blood vessels or tendons incidentally, the blood itself easily coagulates. Therefore, in order to facilitate the protein decomposition in the pretreatment step (S20) or the enzyme decomposition step (S30) (S10) for pulverizing the slaughter blood.

At this time, a known pulverizer or the like may be used for pulverizing the slaughter blood. Preferably, a cutter-type pulverizer equipped with a plurality of cutters is used to pulverize blood vessels or tendons mixed with slaughter blood, Solubilize protein in hemocyte.

The solubilized protein in the pulverization step (S10) is decomposed and converted into a low molecular weight protein and a peptide by ultrasonic irradiation in a pretreatment step (S20).

In the enzymatic decomposition step (S30), an enzyme-decomposing fermentation agent is added to slaughter blood which has undergone the pulverization step (S10) and the pretreatment step (S20). Here, the enzyme-degrading fermentation agent is an enzyme that hydrolyzes the peptide bond of a protein, and is also referred to as a protease, and widely exists in tissues, cells, and microorganisms of animals and plants.

At this time, the slaughter blood that has undergone the pulverization step (S10) and the pretreatment step (S20) is transferred to the enzyme reactor, and the enzyme decomposition proceeds while stirring. The enzyme decomposition fermentation agent is fed into the enzyme reactor, .

During the enzymatic degradation, proteins in the slaughter blood are degraded to amino acids and a primary amino acid preparation is obtained at the end of the enzymatic degradation step (S30).

At this time, the termination of the enzymatic decomposition step (S30) can be judged by various methods such as elapse of a preset time, change in color of slaughter blood or measurement of stirrer torque of an enzyme reactor. For example, When it reaches the predetermined value or less, it is determined that the enzymatic decomposition has sufficiently progressed, and the enzymatic decomposition step (S30) can be terminated.

In the solid-liquid separation step (S40), the primary amino acid preparation obtained in the enzymatic decomposition step (S30) is separated into a solid product and a liquid product.

At this time, the solid-liquid separation of the primary amino acid material can be performed, for example, by a high-pressure filter press equipped with a dehydration function and a membrane filter, and the separated liquid product is used as an amino acid solution ratio. The amino acid content of the amino acid solution ratio is 12 %, And contains all 20 essential amino acids.

The solid product produced by the solid-liquid separation is preferably a dehydrated cake having a protein content of about 50% and a water content of 50% or less. Preferably, the protein content is not less than 82% and the moisture content is not more than 10% .

At this time, the sterilization and drying process can be performed by selecting either pasteurization drying using microwave (S51) or high temperature sterilization drying (S52) using microwave and high temperature heating element at the same time.

In the pasteurization drying step S51, the dehydrated solid product in the solid-liquid separation step S40 is charged into an oven, and the surface of the solid product is irradiated with microwaves to induce internal heating of the solid product, thereby sterilizing and drying Method.

In the high temperature sterilization drying step (S52), the dehydrated solid product is charged into the oven in the solid-liquid separation step (S40), and the surface of the solid product is irradiated with microwaves to induce the internal heating, and the inside or outside of the oven The surface of the solid product is simultaneously heated by the high-temperature heating element, and sterilized and dried. At this time, the high-temperature exothermic body may generate heat by supplying electric energy, for example.

In the case of high temperature sterilization drying (S52) using a microwave and a high temperature heating element, the inside and outside of the protein dewatering cake are simultaneously heated, thereby increasing sterilization and drying efficiency.

As described above, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the solid product and the liquid product separated in the solid-liquid separation step (S40) are used as the protein dry feed and the amino acid solution ratio, respectively.

That is, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the slaughter blood can be recycled to produce a high-quality pure amino acid solution and a protein dry feed simultaneously. In this process, the whole slaughter blood is recycled as an amino acid solution or protein dry feed, There is no incidental waste or waste water generation, which is much more environmentally friendly than the conventional case.

Hereinafter, the method of preparing amino acid juice and protein dry feed using slaughter blood according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described step by step.

The grinding step ( S10 ):

The slaughter blood of livestock such as chickens, pigs, cows, etc., generated in slaughterhouses, is collected and transported to a crusher such as a cutter crusher and crushed.

At this time, the collected slaughter blood may be temporarily stored in a storage tank such as a tank or stored in a low-temperature warehouse to prevent corruption, and it is preferable that the slaughter blood be processed as soon as possible.

When slaughtered blood is slaughtered, the blood cells of the slaughtered blood are destroyed, and proteins in the blood cells of the slaughtered blood are solubilized.

On the other hand, the pulverization time in the pulverizer can be appropriately set according to the degree of solubilization of proteins in the blood cells of the slaughter blood, and about 10 minutes or less in the case of the high-rotation cutter type pulverizer of 5,000 rpm or more.

Preprocessing step ( S20 ):

In the crushing step S10, the crushed slaughter blood is transferred to the pretreatment apparatus, and the transferred slaughter blood is irradiated with ultrasonic waves to decompose the proteins in the slaughter blood into low molecular weight proteins and peptides.

At this time, it is preferable that the frequency range of the ultrasonic waves is 20 kHz to 30 kHz. Ultrasonic waves are classified into ultrasonic waves from 20 kHz frequency. When the frequency exceeds 30 kHz, cavitation bubbles generated become large, which is inefficient for small- The protein degradation conversion efficiency is low.

In addition, in order to improve the proteolytic conversion efficiency, it is preferable that the temperature of the slaughter blood is maintained at 40 to 60 DEG C in the pretreatment step (S20). Protein denaturation occurs at 40 DEG C or higher, Or peptides. However, when the temperature exceeds 60 ° C, coagulation in blood occurs and the process can not proceed to the next process step.

On the other hand, destruction of blood cells proceeds by ultrasonic irradiation. Therefore, ultrasonic irradiation in the pretreatment step (S20) destroys the unbroken blood cells in the crushing step (S10) to further improve the degree of solubilization of the proteins in the hemocyte There is also an effect.

In addition, since the pathogenic bacteria in the slaughter blood are killed by the ultrasonic irradiation, degradation efficiency of enzymes by the pathogenic bacteria is lowered, and there is also an effect of preventing the decay and fermentation of the final product, and thus the generation of odor and gas.

At this time, the ultrasonic irradiation time can be appropriately selected by judging the degree of solubilization of the protein in the blood cell, the degree of conversion of the solubilized protein into the low molecular weight protein or peptide, and the degree of the death of pathogenic bacteria in the slaughtered blood. Is appropriate.

Enzyme digestion step ( S30 ):

After the pulverization and pretreatment steps (S10, S20), the slaughter blood which has been decomposed and converted into low molecular weight proteins and peptides is transferred to the enzyme reactor, and the enzyme digesting fermentation agent is introduced.

At this time, the amount of the enzyme-decomposing fermentation agent can be appropriately selected in consideration of the reaction rate and the cost. For example, if the amount of the enzyme degrading fermentation agent is too small, the enzyme concentration is lower than the protein concentration of the slaughter blood and the reaction rate is slow. If the amount of the enzyme degradation fermentation agent is too high, the cost of the enzyme degradation fermentation agent is disadvantageous in terms of manufacturing cost .

In addition, the temperature of the enzyme reactor can be appropriately selected depending on the amino acid conversion efficiency depending on the enzymatic decomposition reaction time by temperature, and the range of 40 ° C to 60 ° C is suitable.

At this time, in the enzyme reactor, protein in the slaughter blood is decomposed into amino acids, and a primary amino acid preparation is produced.

Solid-liquid separation step ( S40 ):

The primary amino acid preparation prepared through the enzymatic decomposition step (S30) is transferred to a high-pressure filter press. At this time, the high-pressure filter press is provided with a dewatering function and a membrane filter, and the primary amino acid agent is separated into a solid product and a liquid product by a high-pressure filter press.

At this time, the liquid product separated into liquid by the high-pressure filter press is stored in a separate storage tank and used as an amino acid solution ratio. The amino acid content of this amino acid solution is about 12%, and it contains all 20 essential amino acids have.

In addition, the solid product (protein dehydrated cake) separated into solid by dewatering in a high-pressure filter press is made into protein dried feed through the sterilization and drying step (S51, S52) described later.

Sterilization drying step ( S51 , S52 ):

The protein dewatered cake separated through the solid-liquid separation step (S40) is transferred to a drying facility equipped with a microwave irradiation device, and a protein dry food is prepared by sterilizing and drying the protein dewatered cake by microwave irradiation.

At this time, the protein dry feed can be produced by pasteurization drying (S51) which induces internal heating of the protein dehydration cake by microwave irradiation.

In this case, the protein dewatering cake is charged into an oven of a drying apparatus to induce internal heating by irradiating microwaves. At the same time, the high-temperature sterilization drying (S52) The surface of the protein dewatering cake is heated by the heating element.

At this time, the sterilization drying time can be appropriately selected depending on the water content of the protein dehydrated cake, and it is preferable to dry treat the product to less than 10% water content.

Thereafter, the protein dry feed prepared through the sterilization and drying process is transferred to a separate reservoir and stored.

S10: Grinding step
S20: preprocessing step
S30: Enzymatic decomposition step
S40: Solid-liquid separation step
S51: pasteurization drying
S52: pasteurization and drying

Claims (11)

A pretreatment step of subjecting the collected slaughter blood to ultrasonic treatment and decomposing;
An enzyme decomposition step of adding an enzyme-decomposing fermentation agent to slaughter blood decomposed in the pretreatment step; And
And a solid-liquid separation step of subjecting the slaughter blood subjected to the enzymatic decomposition step to solid-liquid separation.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the pretreating step further comprises a pulverizing step of breaking blood cells of the slaughter blood by a pulverizer before the pretreatment step.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the protein in the slaughter blood is converted into a low molecular weight protein and a peptide in the pretreatment step.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the pathogen in the slaughter blood is killed by the ultrasonic treatment in the pretreatment step.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the ultrasonic wave is in a frequency range of 20 kHz to 30 kHz.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the temperature of the slaughter blood is maintained at 40 to 60 DEG C in the pretreatment step.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the protein in the slaughter blood is decomposed into amino acids in the enzymatic degradation step to produce a primary amino acid preparation.
The method of claim 7,
Wherein the primary amino acid preparation is solid-liquid separated into an amino acid solution and a protein dehydrated cake by a high-pressure filter press in the solid-liquid separation step, wherein the amino acid solution and the protein-dried feed are produced by using the slaughter blood.
The method of claim 8,
Further comprising a sterilizing and drying step of sterilizing and drying the protein dewatered cake, wherein the protein dewatering cake is sterilized and dried.
The method of claim 9,
Wherein the protein dewatering cake is pasteurized and dried by a microwave, and dried.
The method of claim 9,
Wherein the protein dewatering cake is pasteurized and dried at a high temperature by a microwave and a high temperature heating element.

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