KR20140110696A - electrode structure having electric shock protection feature - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electric facility technology and more particularly to an electrode structure used for various devices of an electric facility. An electrode structure having an electric shock prevention function is connected to a transmission distribution path of the electric facility. The electrode structure having the electric shock prevention function prevents an electric shock when the electric facility connected to the electrode structure having the electric shock prevention function or other electric facilities electrically connected to the electric facility and located close to the electric facility is inundated. The electrode structure having the electric shock prevention function includes: a first flat conductor including one end fixed to a first input terminal and the other end fixed to a first output terminal, having a width greater than a thickness of a first electric wire, a length greater than the thickness of the first electric wire, and an area, which is a multiplication of the width and the length, 4 to 100,000 times greater than a sectional area of the first electric wire; a second flat conductor including an end fixed to a second input terminal and the other end fixed to a second output terminal, and having the same specification as that of the first flat conductor; and a housing being an insulator to electrically connect the first flat conductor to the second flat conductor.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an electrode structure having an electric shock prevention function,

The present invention relates to an electric equipment technology, and more particularly to an electrode structure used in various devices of electric equipment.

Various types of electrodes for electrical connection or electrical measurement are used in receptacles, plugs, or switchboards. If a short circuit occurs through exposed electrodes, the human body is exposed to the risk of electric shock. Electric shock is a phenomenon in which the human body reacts when the current flowing from the power source through the human body to the ground surface is greater than a predetermined value. Generally, currents exceeding 15mA cause spasticity and more than 50mA lead to death. The main cause of death is a heart attack in which the heart stops working as current through the heart damages the nerve. The risk of electric shock is related to the resistance of the human body when energized, which is highly dependent on the condition of the skin.

When electrical equipment, for example, an outlet, a heater, or a lamp, is immersed in water, a human body, such as a metal housing that is energized through water or water, may contact the exposed conductor of electrical equipment through water and the human body, Current flows. At this time, the human body is likely to be wet with rain, and in this case, the contact resistance is extremely low, which is very dangerous.

Open No. 2005-0,037,986 discloses a method in which a metal plate or metal net made of metal is attached to a charger and current leakage from the charger is conducted to a conductive metal plate or a metal net, And an electric shock prevention device having a flooded electric shock prevention function for preventing electric shock. The metal plate or metal net is connected to the neutral and earth terminals among the terminal blocks by electric wires. The size of the metal plate is approximately 50 cm x 30 cm.

This technique does not explain the principle in detail, but it is possible to arrange the metal plate in parallel with the body by arranging the metal plate with a resistance much lower than the resistance between the water and the human body between the flooded conductors in the flooding, . However, such a metal plate or metal net is connected to the terminal block by a separate electric wire and is bulky, so that there is a space limitation in installation.

Patent Publication No. 1,197,414 discloses another electric leakage preventing device. The apparatus includes a connection terminal block disposed between an input terminal portion and an output terminal portion and having first and second connection terminals connected to a phase voltage terminal and a neutral point terminal, and a connection terminal block electrically connected to a second connection terminal block connected to the neutral point terminal, And an anti-leak conductor having a shape surrounding a side and an upper side of the dielectric.

Such a technique is complicated in configuration because it uses an electrode of a shape connected to a neutral point terminal while surrounding a connection terminal block. And it is also difficult to apply it to a small outlet or the like.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electrode structure body having a simple structure and simple installation and having an electric shock prevention function.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an electrode structural body having an electric shock prevention function applicable to various applications such as small-sized receptacles and outdoor street lamps.

To achieve this object, an electrode structure having an anti-shock function according to an aspect is connected to a transmission / distribution path to an electric facility. The electrode structure is electrically connected to the electrical equipment to which the electrode structure is connected or the electrical equipment to prevent electric shock when the equipment is flooded.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electrode structure having an electric shock preventive function, including: a first input terminal to which an input-side first electric wire is connected; a second input terminal to which an input-side second electric wire is connected; And a second output terminal to which the output-side second wire is connected. The electrode structure having an electric shock prevention function includes a first plate-like conductor and a second plate-like conductor. The first flat plate-like conductor has one end fixed to the first input terminal and the other end fixed to the first output terminal. The width is larger than the thickness of the first wire, the length thereof is longer than the thickness of the first wire, And the length is a multiple of 4 times or more and 100,000 times or less the cross-sectional area of the first wire. The second flat plate-like conductor has one end fixed to the second input terminal and the other end fixed to the second output terminal, and has the same standard as the first flat plate-like conductor. Further, the electrode structure having an anti-shock function may include a housing which is non-conductive to electrically isolate and fix the first plate-like conductor and the second plate-like conductor.

According to still another aspect, the material of the first planar conductor and the second planar conductor may be copper (Cu).

According to a further aspect, the housing can fix the first plate-like conductor and the second plate-like conductor so that they face each other.

According to a further aspect, the electrode structure having an anti-shock function is installed in a state in which the first plate-like conductor and the second plate-like conductor are opposed to each other, and can be installed at a lower position than the target electric device to be protected from flooding have.

It has been experimentally proven that the current flowing through the human body in contact with the electric current leaked near by the simple structure can be substantially reduced by providing a pair of the planar conductors in the delivery path.

FIG. 1 shows an appearance of an electrode structure having an anti-shock function according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the center line of the four terminal screws in FIG. 1; FIG.
Figure 3 shows the arrangement of the instruments of the first experiment.
Figure 4 shows the arrangement of the instruments of the second experiment.

The foregoing and further aspects will become more apparent from the following examples. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the like elements throughout.

FIG. 1 shows an appearance of an electrode structure having an anti-shock function according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the center line of the four terminal screws in FIG. 1; FIG. 1 and 2, an electrode structure having an anti-electrostatic function according to an embodiment will be described.

An electrode structure having an anti-shock function according to one embodiment is connected to a transmission and distribution path to a household or industrial electric equipment such as a lamp, a streetlight, an outlet, a plug, and a motor. As will be described later, an electrode structure having an anti-electrostatic function is electrically connected to an electric device to which an electrode structure having an anti-shock function is connected or an electric device to prevent an electric shock when the electric device is flooded.

As shown in the figure, the electrode structure having an anti-shock function according to an embodiment includes a first input terminal 11 to which a first input wire is connected, a second input terminal 13 to which a second input wire is connected, A first output terminal 31 to which the first output wire is connected, and a second output terminal 33 to which the second output wire is connected. Further, the electrode structure having an anti-shock function according to one embodiment includes a first plate-like conductor 110 and a second plate-like conductor 130. The first flat plate-like conductor 110 has one end fixed to the first input terminal and the other end fixed to the first output terminal. The width of the first flat plate-like conductor 110 is wider than the thickness of the first wire and longer than the thickness of the first wire , And the area which is a product of the width and the length is four times or more and 10,000 times or less the cross-sectional area of the first wire. The second flat plate-like conductor 130 has one end fixed to the second input terminal and the other end fixed to the second output terminal, and has the same standard as the first flat plate-like conductor 110. In addition, the electrode structure having an anti-shock function may include a housing 300 that is a nonconductor for electrically isolating and fixing the first plate-like conductor 110 and the second plate-like conductor 130 to each other.

The input first side wire which is screwed to the first input terminal 11 and the input side second wire which is screwed to the second input terminal 13 are physically and electrically identical to each other. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Likewise, the output-side first wire to be screwed to the first output terminal 31 and the output-side second wire to be screwed to the second output terminal 33 are physically and electrically identical to each other. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Since the electrode structure having the electric shock prevention function is installed in the transmission and distribution path, the first input-side wire and the first output-side wire are physically and electrically identical to each other, and the input-side second wire and the output-side second wire are physically and electrically the same wire to be. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.

In one embodiment, the first input terminal 11, the second input terminal 13, the first output terminal 31, and the second output terminal 33 are all formed in the same form. However, they may be configured differently or in pairs. As shown in the figure, in one embodiment, these terminals are screwed directly to both ends of the second flat-plate-like conductor, and a screw inserted into and screwed into the screw hole and screwed to the housing, And an auxiliary plate for helping to fix the stripped wire between the strips. In another example, the terminals may be constituted by a terminal block which is press-fixed to one end of the plate-like conductor. The terminals may be configured in various forms connecting the wires to both ends of the planar conductors.

The housing 300 is a structure for physically fixing the terminals and the planar conductors. For example, if the electrode structure is applied to an outlet, the housing can be an outlet housing. When the electrode structure is applied to the switchboard, the housing may be a bracket or a frame for fixing the terminals of the switchboard. Since the illustrated embodiment is applied to a two-wire system, the housing fixes two planar conductors, but in the case of a three-wire system, three planar conductors may be fixed. The housing may be made of non-conductive plastic or ceramic material.

The structure of the housing is designed so that the housing fixes both ends of the planar conductors and exposes most of the planar conductors in a suspended state in the air because it is advantageous that the planar conductors are exposed to each other as much as possible in the flooded state. In the illustrated embodiment, the plate-like conductor is fixed at a lower height than the outer contour of the housing, and the operator inadvertently contacts the plate-like conductor exposed at the time of installation or after installation to prevent electric shock. Specifically, the four pillars protruding from the upper portion of the housing fix the planar conductors with terminals, which project slightly higher than the planar conductors fixed to the pillars. Additionally, the housing may further include an additional lid on the exterior. The lid can be of a form with perforated holes of sufficient number and size so that the water can easily enter when it is submerged, while blocking the contact due to carelessness of the human body.

According to a further aspect, the housing can fix the first plate-like conductor and the second plate-like conductor so that they face each other. Although the present invention can not be fully explained by the theory of electric circuits, the electrode structure having an electric shock prevention function is filled with water between two plate-like conductors when immersed in water, Which is formed by water. Since the electrical resistance is proportional to the length of the resistor and inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area, the cross-sectional area is maximized and the length is minimized when the plate-type electrodes face each other. Thus, when connected in parallel to the human body and the ground plane, the current flowing to a human body having a higher resistance can be minimized.

According to still another aspect, the electrode structure having an anti-shock function is installed in a state where the first plate-like conductor and the second plate-like conductor are opposed to each other, and is installed at a lower position than the target electric device to be protected from flooding . For example, in the case of streetlight, the controller exposed at the bottom is installed in a waterproof space. However, when rainwater or the like gets in this space, people around the house are in danger of electric shock. The electrode structure having an anti-shock function is installed at a lower position than the controller while being installed in the waterproof space, so that the controller floods before the controller floods, thereby allowing the controller to operate first.

According to still another aspect, the material of the first planar conductor and the second planar conductor may be copper (Cu). According to the experiment, when the material of the flat plate type conductor is copper rather than the material of iron and aluminum, the effect of the electrode structure having the electric shock prevention function is excellent.

Figure 3 shows the arrangement of the instruments of the first experiment. In the first experiment, the water tank 502 is filled with water and an electrode structure 503 having an anti-electrostatic function according to one embodiment, one end of which is connected to the plug, is immersed in the water tank 502, and the lamp 505 at the other end is immersed in the water tank And water in the water tank is not grounded. At this time, plug 501 is connected to a power outlet to supply power. At this time, it can be confirmed that the lamp 505 is lit even though the electrode structure 503 having an anti-shock function is immersed in water. Next, the experimenter 509 grasps the exposed end of the electric wire and measures the current flowing through the electric wire with the ammeter 507 while the exposed end is immersed in the water tank. It may be dangerous if the experimenter (509) conducts the experiment directly, so it may be replaced by an animal having a similar conductive property to the human body instead of the human body. Table 1 below shows the result of repeating the experiment shown in Fig. 3 for a flat plate type conductor having various lengths and lengths. A commercial power source of 220 V / 60 Hz was used as the power source, a load of 120 W incandescent lamp was connected, and a gap between the two flat plate conductors facing each other was 10 mm. The wires used also include a cylindrical conductor with a diameter of 1.8 mm. In the following table, the width is the width of the plate-like conductor, the length is the length, and the measured value is mA.

Length Width 0.9mm 1.8mm 3.6mm 7.2mm 14.4 mm 28.8 mm 0.9mm 13.12 12.51 12.07 11.42 11.03 10.02 1.8mm 12.52 2.52 1.10 0.90 0.75 0.67 3.6mm 12.05 1.10 0.95 0.75 0.67 0.37 7.2mm 11.41 0.90 0.75 0.67 0.37 0.21 14.4 mm 11.02 0.75 0.67 0.37 0.21 0.11 28.8 mm 10.03 0.67 0.37 0.21 0.11 0.05 57.6 mm 9.81 0.37 0.21 0.11 0.05 0.01

The experimental results show that the current passing through the human body is insignificant with respect to the size of all flat plate conductors. In this experiment, when a single-phase alternating current flows through the water in a water tank, a voltage drop occurs in the water, which is a three-dimensional resistor. When the human body touches, the current flowing through the human body between the water and the ground is shifted to the middle value It is presumed to result in exposure to a much lower AC power than in the case of direct contact with a typical single-phase AC. It is not clear, however, how the two flat conductors play a role to further limit the current through the body.

The data below are the same as in the above experiment except that the ground wire (511) is immersed in the water in the tank and the water is grounded. If a streetlight is flooded, the water is grounded because of electrical contact with the ground. In reality, it is closer to the state where electric equipment is flooded. In this state, it was confirmed that the amount of leakage current did not change greatly.

Length Width 0.9mm 1.8mm 3.6mm 7.2mm 14.4 mm 28.8 mm 0.9mm 13.21 12.79 12.21 11.68 11.12 10.13 1.8mm  12.79  2.54 1.12 0.92 0.77 0.69 3.6mm  12.21  1.12  0.97 0.77 0.69 0.39 7.2mm 11.68 0.92 0.77 0.69 0.39 0.23 14.4 mm  11.12  0.77 0.69 0.39 0.23 0.13 28.8 mm 10.13 0.69 0.39 0.23 0.13 0.07 57.6 mm  10.01  0.39 0.23 0.13 0.07 0.03

The data below is the result of measuring the amount of leakage current around the watertight flat-plate conductor by distance. The purpose of this experiment is to confirm the correlation between the leakage current on the conductive line and the leakage current around the flat plate-like conductor.

Area \ Distance 0cm 5cm 10cm 15cm 14.4mm x 28.8mm 0.304 0.230 0.170 0.120 28.8mm x 28.8mm 0.605 0.054 0.009 0.005

The experimental results suggest that most of the current flows around the space between the opposing planar conductors. An electric field of 943 V / m was formed between the two exposed wires before the plate-type conductor was installed, but it was confirmed that the measurement limit between the two plate-type conductors exceeded 1,999 V / m after the plate-type conductor was installed.

This experiment can be modeled electronically with the middle part of the electrical resistor called water between two planar conductors grounded. The human body can be modeled as another resistor connected between this electrical resistor and the ground plane. The resistance of human body and the resistive bodies of water connected between the two planar conductors and the ground plane are electrically connected in parallel to limit the current flowing into the human body.

As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, there is no significant difference in measured values between the case where the water in the water tank is grounded or not, and there is no significant difference in the risk of electric shock. Also, it can be seen that the amount of current flowing rapidly increases when either the width or the length of the planar conductor is narrower or shorter than the diameter of the conductor. This means an increased risk of electric shock.

In addition, the results of Table 1 and Table 2 show that the current flowing through the human body is also related to the ratio of the area of the planar conductor to the cross-sectional area of the cylindrical wire. Here, the area of the plate-like conductor refers to a value obtained by multiplying the width and the length by the plate-like shape of the plate-like conductor. If the radius of the wire is r, the width of the wire is 2r and the cross-sectional area of the wire is πr ^2. Thus, for example, in the first row of Table 2, is (r) (r) = r 2, (r) 2r = 2r 2, (r) (4r) = 4r 2, (r) (8r) = 8r 2, (r) (16r) = 16r 2, ( r) (32r) = 32r ² the like, and the ratio of the area of the wire cross-sectional area of the plate-like conductor is 1 / π = 0.32, 2 / π = 0.64, 4 / π = 1.27, 8 / π = 2.55, 16 /? = 5.09, 32 /? = 10.19, and so on.

If in reality an electrical facility is an a bit closer to the state of the water in the submerged state of the ground state <Table 2> in area and the cross-sectional area of the cylindrical wire ratio is about 1.27 or less than the current reference value 2.54mA when the plate-like conductor is At 5.09 times, a current of 0.97 mA flowed. In this experiment, if the area of the planar conductor is four times or more the cross-sectional area of the cylindrical wire, it can be seen that the current flows to the human body in a normal state.

The larger the flat-plate-shaped conductor, the higher the manufacturing cost is, and the more space is occupied, resulting in a practical problem. If the wire diameter is about ² mm, the cross-sectional area is 3.14 mm ^2. If the wire diameter is 100,000 times, it is 3,140 cm ² , which is 314 cm when the width of the flat type conductor is 10 cm. .

Figure 4 shows the arrangement of the instruments of the second experiment. In the second experiment, an electrode structure 503 having an anti-shock function according to one embodiment, which is filled with water in the water tank 502 and one end is connected to a plug, is placed outside the water tank 502, and an electrode structure 503 For example, a socket 513 in the water tank 502, and exposes another electric equipment, for example, the lamp 505, connected to the outlet to the outside of the water tank. The plug 501 is connected to a power outlet to supply power. At this time, it can be confirmed that the electrode structure 503 having an anti-shock function is not immersed in water and that the lamp 505 is lit even though the socket 513, which is another electric equipment, is immersed in water. Next, the experimenter 509 grasps the exposed end of the electric wire and measures the current flowing through the electric wire with the ammeter 507 while the exposed end is immersed in the water tank. It may be dangerous if the experimenter (509) conducts the experiment directly, so it may be replaced by an animal having a similar conductive property to the human body instead of the human body. At this time, a commercial power source of 220 V / 60 Hz was used, a load was connected to an incandescent lamp of 120 W, and a gap between two facing plate type conductors was 10 mm. The wires used also include a cylindrical conductor with a diameter of 1.8 mm. In the following table, the width is the width of the plate-like conductor, the length is the length, and the measured value is mA. The results are similar to those of Table 1. Although the present applicant can not explain the results of this experiment by using electrical modeling, it is presumed that the two plate-like conductors may have deformed the electrical flow to the human body when they are exposed to air.

The data below are the same as in the above experiment except that the ground wire (511) is immersed in the water in the tank and the water is grounded. If a streetlight is flooded, the water is grounded because of electrical contact with the ground. In reality, it is closer to the state where electric equipment is flooded. In this state, more current flows than in the above experiment.

Length Width 0.9mm 1.8mm 3.6mm 7.2mm 14.4 mm 28.8 mm 0.9mm  13.71  13.21 12.71 12.18 11.62 10.63 1.8mm  13.21  3.02 2.63 1.67 1.82 1.74 3.6mm  12.71  2.63 1.85 1.46 1.30 1.22 7.2mm 11.18 1.67 1.46 1.30 1.21 0.80 14.4 mm  11.62  1.82 1.30 1.21 0.77 0.62 28.8 mm 10.63 1.74 1.19 1.80 0.62 0.65 57.6 mm  10.51  1.21 0.80 0.69 0.65 0.62

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. For example, the present invention can be applied to three-phase power. The claims are intended to cover such obvious variations. For example, although an embodiment of the present invention is described as an example of an electric device having an electrode structure having an anti-shock function, the electrode structure having an anti-shock function may be used for other electric equipment such as a circuit breaker, a terminal block, an outlet, a plug, Equipment or the like. This can be applied through a design change to insert two planar conductors having substantially the same size on the transmission and distribution path inside the electric device. Therefore, the expression 'electrode structure having an anti-shock function' in this specification should be interpreted to cover such various electric equipment.

11: first input terminal 13: second input terminal
31: first output terminal 33: second output terminal
110: first flat plate-like conductor 130: second flat plate conductor
300: housing

Claims (4)

1. An electrode structure connected to a transmission and distribution path to an electric facility and having an electric shock preventive function for preventing electric shock upon immersion of the electric equipment or other electric equipment which is electrically connected to the electric equipment,
A first input terminal to which an input-side first wire is connected;
A second input terminal to which an input-side second wire is connected;
A first output terminal to which an output-side first wire is connected;
A second output terminal to which the output-side second wire is connected;
The first input terminal is fixed at one end and the other end is fixed at the first output terminal. The width of the first input terminal is larger than the thickness of the first electric wire and the length thereof is longer than the thickness of the first electric wire. 1 &lt; / RTI &gt; and less than or equal to 100,000 times the cross-sectional area of the first conductor;
A second flat-plate-like conductor having one end fixed to the second input terminal and the other end fixed to the second output terminal and having the same size as the first flat-plate-like conductor;
A housing which is non-conductive to electrically isolate and fix the first flat-plate-like conductor and the second flat-plate-like conductor;
Wherein the electrode structure has an electric shock prevention function.
The electrode structure according to claim 1, wherein the material of the first planar conductor and the second planar conductor is copper (Cu).
The electrode structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the housing has the first plate-like conductor and the second plate-like conductor fixed so as to face each other.
The electrode structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the electrode structure having an anti-electrostatic function is provided in a state in which the first plate-like conductor and the second plate-like conductor are opposed to each other, An electrode structure having an electric shock prevention function installed in a position.

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