KR20140101234A - A four-legged tower for the installation of ′the offshore wind turbine′ - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a rectangular support for fixing a foundation structure for an offshore wind power generator installed on the sea and producing electricity in order to recycle wind blowing over the sea. In contrast with an installation method of an existing offshore wind power generator, a new installation method of the offshore wind power generator according to the present invention is capable of easily and conveniently installing the offshore wind power generator. The rectangular support according to the present invention comprises a main tower, horizontal supporting pipes, vertical supporting pipes, a ring-shaped supporting pipe, pile fixing pipes, horizontal cable pipes, a multipurpose protruding part, etc. The existing offshore wind power generator requires complicated processes and high costs when installed on the sea, but the rectangular support according to the present invention is capable of effectively installing the offshore wind power generator on the sea at low costs and by a simple principle. First, the rectangular support according to the present invention is capable of installing the offshore wind power generator on the sea at low costs. Second, the rectangular support according to the present invention has a simple structure, thereby manufacturing the rectangular support at low manufacturing costs and conveniently maintaining the rectangular support. Third, the manufacturing and installation periods of the rectangular support according to the present invention can be reduced. In other words, the rectangular support according to the present invention is capable of minimizing the installation period of the offshore wind power generator. Fourth, the rectangular support is capable of securing a strong supporting force to effectively fix and protect the foundation structure for the offshore wind power generator.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wind turbine for offshore wind turbines,

[0001] The present invention relates to a rectangular support for fixing a foundation structure for installing an offshore wind power generator for producing electricity by installing a wind power device on the sea, and more particularly, And the renewable energy technology that converts the passing air (wind) into an energy source and produces power. And a quadrangular support for fixing the foundation structure for effectively installing the offshore wind power generator on the sea.

Wind power is a power generation technology that generates electricity by converting wind energy. The wind system consists of "mechanical parts, electric parts, control parts".

The mechanical unit is composed of a rotor (rotor) including a shaft, a gearbox, a gearbox for converting the rotor to a proper speed, a brake for improving the efficiency of starting, braking and operation, Pitching System, and Yawing System.

The electric device part is constituted by a power stabilizing device which supplies a generator and other stable electric power.

Control system is composed of control system and yawing controller which is set up and operated to enable unmanned operation of wind turbine generator, active control of output by controlling the pitch of the blade, And a monitoring system that enables control and determination of the state of the system on the ground.

Wind turbine systems are composed of various types.

[Table 1] shows the types of wind turbine systems.

[Table 1] Types of wind turbine systems

When the wind turbine system is divided along the direction of the rotating shaft, it is divided into a vertical axis generator and a horizontal axis generator. Vertical-axis generators have no relation to the direction of the wind, so they can be installed in desert or plains, but they are expensive and inefficient compared to horizontal axis windmills. The horizontal axis generators are simple to install because they are simple to install but they are influenced by the wind direction. Generally, a horizontal axis generator is used for medium to large scale class and a vertical axis generator is used for small class of 100kW or less.

The wind turbine system is classified into a geared type and a gearless type according to the operation mode. Most wind turbines are geared wind turbines using constant-speed induction generators and are equipped with gears that increase the rotational speed of the rotor to match the high rated revolutions of the induction generator.

The Gearless type corresponds to a wind power generation system using a variable-speed operation synchronous (or permanent magnet) generator, and is a direct-drive type in which a rotor and a generator are directly connected to each other without a speed-increasing gear unit using a multi-pole synchronous generator. Although the power generation efficiency is high, it is more expensive than the induction generator and has a large size.

Because wind turbines have higher wind speeds and larger wind turbines can produce more wind energy, the amount of power generated by wind turbines depends on the strength of the wind and the size of the windmill. Also, as the height increases, the wind blows harder, so the generator in the higher place is larger than the generator in the lower place and the generation amount is also higher. For wind power generation, winds blowing at an average speed of more than 4 m / s are required. The velocity of the wind referred to here is not the ground on which we stand, but the speed at which the wind generator is at its wing.

The effects of wind power generation are as follows.

First, the effect of replacing fossil fuels with power generation method using wind kinetic energy is very high.

Secondly, it is possible to supply economical power to the underdeveloped areas such as the islands.

Third, land use can be streamlined by installing in coastal and mountainous areas with excellent wind direction.

Fourth, in some specific areas such as Jeju region, large scale wind farm complexes can be used as tourism resources.

Because wind power generation uses pollution-free and infinite winds scattered everywhere, it has little impact on the environment and can utilize the land efficiently. In the case of large-scale power generation complexes, Is a new energy generation technology. In addition, the area actually used in the wind farm is only 1% of the total area of the whole area including the foundation of the wind turbine, the road, the measurement and the central control room, and the remaining 99% Can be used. Generally, the area required by the power generation method is 1,335 m2 / GWh for wind power, 3,642 m2 / GWh for coal, 3,561 m2 / GWh for solar power, and 3,237 m2 / GWh for photovoltaic power generation. Wind power generation is very effective in reducing pollutants, so if a 200 kW wind turbine generates a power of 400,000 kWh for one year, it will replace about 120-200 tons of coal. -3.2 tons of NOx, 1.2-2.4 tons of CO2, 300-500 tons of CO2, 16-28 tons of slag and ash, and the emission of suspended solids is about 160-280 kg per year. . The price of wind power generation system varies depending on the wind resource of the installation area. However, the large-scale wind farms in the US currently have a system installation cost of about $ 750 / kW and a power generation cost of about 5 ¢ / kWh. It is competitive. Moreover, if continuous investment and technology development are combined, wind power generation is expected to achieve 3.9 ¢ / kWh unit price target within 15 years. Since the technology related to wind power generation is already in practical use stage, it tends to concentrate on lowering the price of wind power generators and increasing the size and spread of the wind power generators rather than developing element technology. In many countries, wind power generators are being supplied in a competitive manner. By the end of 1994, the world has installed about 3,7600 MW of wind power generators, producing more than 4.5 billion kWh of electricity annually. In 1994, a new wind turbine with a capacity of 611 MW was newly installed, and in India, a wind farm with a size of 235.5 MW was planned to be built in 1995. Currently, the largest number of wind turbines operate in the United States, Germany, and Denmark. In the United States, a large-scale wind farm in California produces about 3 billion kWh of electricity annually in 1993, In 1994, it produced about 3.5 billion kWh of electricity. However, the country with the largest share of wind power is Denmark, which currently produces 1,135 MW of 4900 wind turbines, accounting for 7% of electricity consumption and supplying to 440,000 households. According to Inara 's "Energy 21" plan, it will raise 10% by 2000 and 50% by 2030. The present state of the domestic technology development was analyzed by the Korea Research Institute of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) to analyze the characteristics of wind resources using the statistical data of 64 meteorological stations and measurement data of some parts of the inland area. Due to the nature of the wind resource, which is heavily influenced, the basic statistical data have not been improved yet. Therefore, it is necessary to continue the evaluation of wind power resources in the prospective wind power generation area and the feasibility evaluation project for wind farm construction.

Let's take a closer look at offshore wind power generation.

Offshore wind power generation refers to a power generation system in which a wind turbine is installed in a lake, a fjord terrain, or a coastal waterside, and the kinetic energy of the wind blowing there is converted into mechanical energy by rotating wings to obtain electricity. The necessity of offshore wind power generation has been limited due to the enlargement of the wind turbine due to the development of onshore wind power generation, and problems such as the noise problem due to the enlargement of the turbine, installation and transportation problems, Therefore, offshore wind power generation has been devised as a solution to solve the problems of onshore wind power generation.

The advantages of offshore wind power generation are as follows.

end. Massive installation site

It is not easy to find an area where a wind turbine can be installed in a country with limited territory. In other words, in the case of onshore wind power generation, there is a limitation of installation site. On the other hand, it is possible to construct a large-scale wind power generation complex with a good land acquisition.

I. Periodic and strong winds

The sea is able to maintain a high power generation rate of about 1.5 to 2 times [2] with relatively low fatigue load compared to the similar conditions of onshore wind power generation because the wind is less turbulent due to the decrease of the obstacles and the wind speed changes according to the height or direction.

All. Eliminate noise and visual pressure

In case of offshore wind power generation, since it is installed at a distance of about 15 km from the coast, problems such as noise caused by the enlargement of the wind turbine and visual over-pressure can be solved

la. Creation of added value as tourist area

The wind turbines installed on the sea produce excellent scenery. For example, in Denver, Denmark, Lunden is known for being a successful example of building a world-class offshore wind farm.

Major technologies of offshore wind power generation are as follows.

end. Offshore wind turbine

Offshore wind turbines basically apply the same technology as onshore wind turbines. It has a life span of about 20 years, and it uses wind turbines of 3 ~ 5MW or more, which are larger than those on the land. Each element is designed and coated to prevent corrosion damage due to salt.

I. Foundation foundation

Basic construction can be divided into four representative types.

(end). Concrete caisson type

It was applied to Vindeby, Middelgrunden and Nysted offshore wind farms. It can be used at relatively shallow water depths of 6 ~ 10m and maintain its position by its frictional force with its own weight and sea floor. The foundation diameter is 12 ~ 15m and there is a possibility of causing stability problem of eccentric slope in bad ground.

(I). Monopile type

It is the most basic type of offshore wind power plant currently used and can be installed at a depth of 25 ~ 30m. Horns Rev, North Hoyle, and Scroby Sands offshore wind farms. It is economical when used for large-scale complexes by fixing large diameter piles on the sea floor by driving or drilling. The base diameter is 3 ~ 3.5m and there is fatigue load or corrosion problem on the member.

(All). Jacket type

Currently, there is a lot of interest in the countries with offshore wind farms. This type, applied in the UK's "The Talisman Beatrice Wind Farm Demonstrator" project, is supported by a jacketed structure and secured to the seafloor by piles or piles. It is a large-scale ocean structure, has high track record and high reliability, and is economically advantageous when used in a large-scale complex construction like the monophasic type. [5]

(la). Floating type

Future deep sea winds The floating type, which is a mandatory task of wind power generation, is being studied by many wind power companies so that it can be installed at a depth of 40 ~ 900m.

All. How to connect to the grid

(end). Individual connection

It does not affect other projects and features the shortest cable length. Although the location of the problem can be clearly identified when a problem occurs, it has a disadvantage that it requires a large area for cable connection, lacks operational flexibility, and has a large environmental impact.

(I). Mesh Grid

It is possible to minimize the efficiency deterioration in the partial load due to the use of the intermediate transmission, but the design considering the technical and commercial aspects is required and the investment cost is great. At full load there is no advantage over other methods. [5]

(All). Radial Configuration

It is easy to receive licenses because there is not enough space for cable connection and the environmental impact is small. However, there is a disadvantage that the length of the cable becomes longer and the operational flexibility is insufficient.

As can be seen from the above, the most important aspect of offshore wind power generation is in the process of installing offshore wind power generators at sea. There is a problem in that it is difficult and costly to install the wind power generation equipment at sea. In addition, since the function is simplified by utilizing only the wind power generator, the function of the offshore wind power generator is not various compared to the high installation cost, and the problem is simple.

The present invention relates to a rectangular support for fixing a foundation structure of an offshore wind turbine generator for generating electricity by installing a wind turbine generator on the sea in order to recycle wind passing through the sea. The present invention is a method of installing a new offshore wind turbine generator which can be installed easily and easily, unlike a conventional method of installing an offshore wind turbine generator.

The "square support for fixing the foundation structure for installation of the offshore wind power generator" according to the present invention includes a main tower, a horizontal support pipe, a vertical support pipe, an annular support pipe, a file retaining pipe, a horizontal cable pipe, . Conventional offshore wind power generators have a complicated process and an enormous cost to install on the sea while the 'square support for fixing a foundation structure for installation of an offshore wind power generator' according to the present invention is a low cost and simple principle, The main feature is that the generator can be installed effectively at sea.

The 'square support for fixing the foundation structure for installation of offshore wind turbine generator' according to the present invention can be expected to have the following effects.

First, offshore wind power can be installed at sea at low cost.

Second, it has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and convenient maintenance.

Third, it is possible to shorten the production and installation period. In other words, it has the advantage of minimizing the installation period of offshore wind turbines.

Fourth, the foundation structure for offshore wind power generation can be effectively fixed and protected by securing strong bearing capacity.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a 'square support for fixing a foundation structure for installing an offshore wind power generator' according to the present invention; FIG.

The square support for fixing the foundation structure for installation of the offshore wind power generator according to the present invention is composed of a main tower (1), a horizontal support pipe (2), a vertical support Supporting pipe (⑤), annular support pipe (③), pile fixing pipe (④), horizontal cable pipe (⑥), Versatile projection (7) ".

The "main tower (①)" is made of steel and has an empty space to allow the tower part of the offshore wind power generator to be installed. The empty space is divided into an upper space and a lower space. Once the cruciform support is fully seated on the seabed, the tower part of the offshore wind power generator can be installed in the upper empty space of the "main tower" (①). In the lower empty space of the main tower (①), a center pile can be installed by piling to strengthen the fixing force and the supporting force of the rectangular support.

The "horizontal support pipe" (②) is made of steel and serves to support the horizontal support of the square support.

"Vertical support pipe (⑤)" connects the "horizontal support pipe" (②) and "main tower (①) The main tower (1) "is strengthened by the wind when installing the" main tower (1) "of the offshore wind turbine tower part, And to help them secure strong support.

"Annular support pipe (③)" is a pipe made of annular steel that connects "horizontal support pipe (2)" to each other. To disperse the pressure applied to the "horizontal support pipe (2)" through the through hole, and further to strengthen the supporting force of the entire square support. In other words, when the pressure is applied to the "horizontal support pipe (2)", the pressure is distributed and the "horizontal support" (horizontal support) is increased by increasing the cross- Pipe (②) "to perform the function to complement the bearing capacity.

"Pile Fixed Pipe (④)" is a pipe that installs a file to securely fix the offshore wind power generator base structure to the basement of the seabed. If the pile is installed on the pipe part of the "pile fixed pipe (④)", the base structure can be fixed to the bottom of the seabed. The square support has four "pile fixing pipes" (4), so all four "pile fixing pipes" (④) have strong fixing force (Fixing force) and supporting force (supporting force).

"Horizontal cable pipe (⑥)" is made of small steel pipe, and various cables can be installed in the hollow space.

"Multipurpose protrusion (⑦)" performs the function of connecting tow cables for conveying the square supports and transferring them to a required place, or preventing and protecting the square supports that can occur during installation and transportation .

①: Main tower ②: Horizontal support (pipe)
③: Annular support pipe ④: Pile Fixed pipe,
⑤: Vertical support (vertical support) ⑥: Horizontal cable pipe
⑦: Multipurpose protrusion

Claims (1)

A main tower (1) which is made of steel and has an inner space in order to be able to install a tower part of an offshore wind power generator;
"Horizontal support pipe (2)", which is made of steel and plays a role in assisting horizontal support of the square support;
The support of the "main tower" (①) is strengthened by connecting the "horizontal support pipe" (②) and the "main tower (①) This is to compensate for the weakness of the "main tower" (①) caused by winds during installation of the "main tower (1)" of the offshore wind turbine tower part, &Quot; vertical support pipe (5) "
It is a pipe made of a ring-shaped steel that connects horizontal support pipes (②). Through the principle of dispersion of force, "horizontal support pipe" (②) Annular supporting pipe (3) ", which plays a role of dispersing the pressure exerted on the entirety of the rectangular support and strengthening the supporting force of the entire rectangular support;
A "pile fixing pipe (4)" which is made of a pipe for piling a pile for strongly fixing the offshore wind power generator foundation to the basement of the sea floor;
A horizontal cable pipe (6) which is made of a small steel pipe and is configured to be able to install and operate various cables in an inner hollow space;
(7) characterized by carrying out a function of connecting a towing cable for conveying a rectangular support to a necessary place, or preventing and protecting damage to the rectangular support which may occur during installation and transportation ) "
And a "pile fixture pipe (④)" as a square support, all of which are four. The "square support for fixing the foundation structure for installing an offshore wind power generator".

Images