KR20140096702A - Manufacturing method for thin film type solid oxide fuel cell stack using nano powder - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a manufacturing method of a thin film solid oxide fuel cell stack using nanopowder. The manufacturing method of a thin film solid oxide fuel cell stack using nanopowder of the present invention comprises a step of forming an anode material layer by letting electrode/electrolyte materials rise along the inner wall of pores of a porous support by a capillary force so as to increase the electrochemical reaction area; a step of forming an electrolyte layer on the anode material layer; and a step of forming a cathode electrode layer on the electrolyte layer. According to the present invention, the manufacturing method has an effect of improving the efficiency of a fuel cell according to the increase of three phase boundary (TPB) among electrode/electrolyte materials and the porous support, by letting the electrode/electrolyte materials rise along the inner wall of pores of the porous support by a capillary force when forming an anode (fuel electrode) or a cathode (air electrode).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a stack of thin film type solid oxide fuel cells using nano powder,

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a stack of a thin film solid oxide fuel cell using nano powder, and more particularly, to a method of manufacturing a stack of a thin film type solid oxide fuel cell using nano powder for improving a reaction rate of the solid oxide fuel cell will be.

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells operate at the highest temperature (700-1000 ° C) of fuel cells using solid oxide with oxygen or hydrogen ion conductivity as the electrolyte.

In particular, the solid oxide fuel cell has a simple structure compared to other fuel cells because all the components are solid, there is no problem of electrolyte loss and replenishment and corrosion, and there is no need of a noble metal catalyst, This is easy. In addition, it has an advantage that it can generate thermal hybrid power using waste heat because it discharges gas at a high temperature.

A typical solid oxide fuel cell consists of a dense electrolyte layer with oxygen ion conductivity and a porous cathode and anode located on both sides of the dense electrolyte layer. In the porous cathode, oxygen permeates to the electrolyte surface, and the oxygen ions generated by the reduction reaction of oxygen move to the anode through the dense electrolyte and react with the hydrogen supplied to the porous anode to generate water At this time, electrons are generated in the fuel electrode and electrons are consumed in the air electrode, so that electricity flows when the two electrodes are connected to each other.

A technology related to such a solid oxide fuel cell has been proposed in Patent Registration No. 0717130 and Published Patent Application No. 2012-0075242.

Hereinafter, the solid oxide fuel cell disclosed in Patent No. 0717130 and No. 2012-0075242 as a prior art will be briefly described.

FIG. 1 shows a photograph showing a cross section of a single cell of a fuel electrode supporting solid oxide fuel cell according to Prior Art 1. FIG. Referring to FIG. 1, the unit cell comprises a porous anode support, an anode functional layer, a deasphalted layer, and a composite cathode layer. The composite cathode layer is composed of a cathode functional layer, an air electrode, and a current collector layer.

However, the single cell according to the prior art 1 has a problem that the interface of the porous anode support, the anode functional layer and the composite cathode layer, that is, the reaction area is limited, and the efficiency of the solid oxide fuel cell is also limited.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a solid oxide fuel cell of the metal support type according to the prior art 2. As shown in FIG. Referring to FIG. 2, the metal-supported metal oxide fuel cell of Prior Art 2 includes a metal support 101; A first electrode 103 formed on one surface of the metal support 101; An electrolyte 107 formed on one surface of the first electrode 103 and a second electrode 109 formed on one surface of the electrolyte 107 are stacked to form a laminate in which fuel and air are supplied and discharged. And the first electrode 103 and the second electrode 109 are composed of different electrodes of an air electrode or a fuel electrode.

However, the solid oxide fuel cell according to the prior art 2 also has a problem that the interface between the electrolyte 107 and the first electrode 103 and the second electrode 109, that is, the reaction area is limited, and the efficiency of the solid oxide fuel cell is also limited there was.

As a result, in the prior arts 1 and 2, the electrolyte-electrode interface of the solid oxide fuel cell has a common problem that the three-phase interface is limited by the combination of the porous electrode and the dense electrolyte.

KR 0717130 B1 KR 2012-0075242 A

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a fuel cell in which the electrode / electrolyte material forms a porous inner wall surface of a porous support by a capillary force Type solid oxide fuel cell using a nano powder capable of enhancing the efficiency of a fuel cell according to an increase in three phase boundary (TPB) with a porous support.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing an organic electroluminescent device including: forming an anode electrode layer; Forming an electrolyte layer on the anode electrode layer; And forming a cathode electrode layer on the electrolyte layer, wherein at least one of the anode electrode layer forming step and the cathode electrode layer forming step is performed by a capillary force so as to improve an electrochemical reaction area, Type solid oxide fuel cell using a nano-powder formed by allowing an electrode / electrolyte material to ride on a porous inner wall surface of a porous support.

Also, in the present invention, at least one of the anode electrode layer and the cathode electrode layer manufactured using the capillary force may increase the three phase boundary (TPB) of the electrode layer.

In addition, the electrode / electrolyte material used for the capillary force in the present invention may be nano powder.

The electrode of the nano powder in the present invention may be any one of nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), gold (Au), silver (Ag), ruthenium (Ru), and cobalt , The electrolyte may be any one of gadolinium doped ceria (GDC), yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ), and samarium doped ceria (SDC).

In addition, the electrolyte layer forming step in the present invention can be performed by any one of ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition), sputtering, and CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition).

According to the present invention, when the anode (anode) or the cathode (cathode) is formed, the electrode / electrolyte material rises on the inner wall surface of the pores of the porous support by a capillary force to form a three phase boundary : TPB), the efficiency of the fuel cell can be improved.

1 is a photograph showing a cross section of a single cell of an anode-supported solid oxide fuel cell according to Prior Art 1. [Fig.
2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell according to Prior Art 2. In Fig.
3 is a block diagram of a method of manufacturing a stack of a thin film solid oxide fuel cell using nano powder according to the present invention.
4 is a process diagram of a method of manufacturing a stack of a thin film solid oxide fuel cell using the nano powder according to the present invention.

The terms or words used in the present specification and claims are intended to mean that the inventive concept of the present invention is in accordance with the technical idea of the present invention based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concept of the term in order to explain its invention in the best way Should be interpreted as a concept.

Throughout the specification, when an element is referred to as "comprising ", it means that it can include other elements as well, without excluding other elements unless specifically stated otherwise. Also, the term " part "in the description means a unit for processing at least one function or operation, which may be implemented by hardware or software or a combination of hardware and software.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the structure of a method of manufacturing a stack of a thin film type solid oxide fuel cell using nano powder according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a method of manufacturing a stack of a thin film type solid oxide fuel cell using the nano powder according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a process diagram of a method of manufacturing a stack of a thin film type solid oxide fuel cell using the nano powder according to the present invention Respectively.

According to the drawings, a method of manufacturing a stack of a thin film type solid oxide fuel cell using nano powder according to an embodiment of the present invention includes preparing a porous support (S100), forming an anode electrode layer (S110), reversing a step (S120) A layer forming step S130 and a cathode electrode layer forming step S140.

The porous support preparation step S100 is a step of preparing an AAO (Anodized Aluminum Oxide) substrate, which is a porous support 202 having nanopores. This is a step of preparing the porous support 202 for supporting the electrolyte layer since the electrolyte structure should be thin when the operation temperature of the solid oxide fuel cell is lowered. (See Fig. 3 (a)).

Here, the porous support 202 is made of a material capable of withstanding up to about 500 DEG C, and has porosity enough to allow gas to pass therethrough.

In the anode electrode layer forming step S110, an anode material rises on the inner surface of the pores of the porous support 202 by a capillary force, and then sputtering or ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition) Thereby forming an anode material layer which is an anode electrode layer 210. [ (See Fig. 3 (b)).

The anode material is a nano powder for an electrode of 10 nm or less and the electrode of the nano powder is selected from the group consisting of nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), gold (Au) Ruthenium (Ru) or cobalt (Co), and the electrolyte is one of GDC (gadolinium doped ceria), YSZ (yittria stabilized zirconia) and SDC (samarium doped ceria).

That is, in the step of forming the anode electrode layer (S110), when the anode electrode layer 210 is formed, the nano powder rises on the wall surface of the pores of the porous support 202 by the capillary force to improve the interface with the porous support 202 , That is, the three-phase boundary (TPB).

Meanwhile, in the step of forming the anode electrode layer (S110), since the anode material is not solid, the bottom surface of the opposite anode material sucked in the process of sucking up the anode material through the pores of the porous support 202 is formed to be concave and convex portions .

Since the contact area of the anode electrode layer 210 with the electrolyte layer 220 and the cathode electrode layer 230 is wider through the corrugated irregularities, the reaction area also increases.

However, the present invention is not limited to this, and only the cathode electrode layer 230 may be formed by the capillary force. Alternatively, the anode electrode layer 210 may be formed by the capillary force, Both electrode layers 230 may be formed by capillary forces.

The inversion step S120 is a step of reversing the anode electrode layer 210 formed on the bottom surface of the porous support 202 so as to face upward. This may be accomplished by forming an electrolyte layer forming step S130 and a cathode electrode layer forming step of forming an electrolyte layer 220 on the anode electrode layer 210 by locating the anode electrode layer 210 formed on the bottom surface of the porous support 202 on the upper side S140) in order. (See Fig. 3 (c)).

In the electrolyte layer forming step S130, the electrolyte layer 220 is deposited on the top surface of the anode electrode layer 210 by a thin film deposition technique such as ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition), sputtering, CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) In the form of a thin layer. (See Fig. 3 (d)).

That is, when the electrolyte layer 220 is deposited on the surface of the rough anode electrode layer 210, the electrolyte layer forming step (S130) has the same shape as the anode structure, so that the electrochemical area can be made wider.

Here, the electrolyte layer 220 may include at least one selected from the group consisting of zirconium oxide (Zr _x O _y ), cerium oxide (Ce _x O _y ), lanthanum gallate, barium cerate, barium zirconate ), Ion conductive materials such as bismuth series oxides or various doping phases of the above materials, and ion conductors such as proton conducting materials. Here, as the electrolyte layer 220, an electrolyte material such as GDC (Gd-doped CeO 2) or YSZ (Yttria-stabilized zirconia) may be applied.

The cathode electrode layer forming step S250 is a step of forming the cathode electrode layer 230 on the electrolyte layer 220. [ 3 (e)).

At this time, the second electrode layer forming step S250 may be a high performance catalyst such as a platinum (Pt), a palladium (Pd), a nickel (Ni), a ruthenium (Ru) Laser Deposition (ALD), or Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) to form the cathode electrode layer 230.

A thin film solid oxide fuel cell stack 200 manufactured by the method of producing a stack of thin film type solid oxide fuel cells using the nano powder of the present invention includes a porous support 202, an anode electrode layer 210, an electrolyte layer 220, (230).

Here, the anode electrode layer 210 and the cathode electrode layer 230 function to provide a large surface area for electrochemical reaction, and provide a path for electrons to be generated at this time, and the electrolyte layer 220 is formed between the electrodes And is formed by the catalyst, which functions to isolate the fuel and oxygen while blocking the movement of the electrons.

The porous support 202 refers to an AAO (Anodized Aluminum Oxide) substrate. This is because the electrolyte structure must be thin when the operating temperature of the solid oxide fuel cell is to be lowered, and therefore, a porous support for the solid oxide fuel cell is provided. At this time, the porous support 202 is an insulator of aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ).

The anode electrode 210 is a fuel electrode formed on the upper surface of the porous support 202. The anode material rises up on the inner surface of the pore of the porous support 202 by a capillary force, Phase interface (TPB) according to the improvement of the interface (wavy shape) between the interface with the porous support 202 and the electrolyte layer 220.

Here, the anode material is a nano powder for an electrode having a thickness of 10 nm or less, and the nano powder is gadolinium doped ceria (O-GDC), yttria stabilized zirconia (NiS), NiO-SDC (samarium doped ceria) And the like.

The electrolyte layer 220 is a dense electrolyte formed on the anode electrode layer 210 and may include zirconium oxide (Zr _x O _y ), cerium oxide (Ce _x O _y ), lanthanum gallate, Oxygen ion conducting materials such as barium cerate, barium zirconate, bismuth series oxides or various doping phases of the above materials, or proton conducting materials, And the like.

The cathode electrode layer 230 is an air electrode formed of a high performance catalyst such as platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), nickel (Ni), ruthenium (Ru) Pulsed Laser Deposition (ALD), or Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD).

While the invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. This is possible.

Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited by the described embodiments, but should be determined by the equivalents of the appended claims, as well as the appended claims.

200: Stack of Thin Film Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
202: Porous support
210: anode electrode layer
220: electrolyte layer
230: cathode electrode layer

Claims (5)

Forming an anode electrode layer;
Forming an electrolyte layer on the anode electrode layer; And
And forming a cathode electrode layer on the electrolyte layer,
At least one of the anode electrode layer forming step and the cathode electrode layer forming step may cause the electrode / electrolyte material to ride up the inner wall surface of the porous support by a capillary force so as to improve the electrochemical reaction area A method for manufacturing a stack of thin film solid oxide fuel cells using nano powder formed.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein at least one of the anode electrode layer and the cathode electrode layer is formed using the capillary force, the electrode layer is increased in three phase boundary (TPB).
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the electrode / electrolyte material using the capillary force is a nano powder. ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > 21. < / RTI >
The method of claim 3,
Wherein the electrode of the nano powder is one of nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), gold (Au), silver (Ag), ruthenium (Ru), and cobalt (Co) A method of fabricating a stack of thin film type solid oxide fuel cells using nano powder, wherein the solid oxide fuel cell is one of gadolinium doped ceria, yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ), and samarium doped ceria (SDC).
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the electrolyte layer forming step is performed by any one of ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition), sputtering, and CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition).

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