KR20140093490A - A fuel additives using nanomaterials for kerosene - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a novel fuel additive composition that has been invented to save fuel by adding nanomaterials to existing fossil fuels. The present invention helps the nanomaterials to diffuse into fossil fuel and be combusted together well when the fossil fuel is combusted, by adding a stabilizer to the nanomaterials so that the nanomaterials can be mixed actively and stably with the fossil fuel. The fuel additive composition according to the present invention diffuses into the fossil fuel well and is combusted together with the fossil fuel to generate much energy, thereby saving the fossil fuel. Simultaneously, the present invention contributes to environmental protection by facilitating perfect combustion, thus reducing sooty smoke. The present invention relates to a fuel additive material composed by mixing the nanomaterials with the stabilizer, and perfect combustion is facilitated to save fuel by adding a very small amount of the fuel additive composition into kerosene that is one kind of fossil fuel. The fuel saving composition for kerosene using nanomaterials according to the present invention can be popularized by simple production and low price and can increase fuel saving effects by adjusting the amount of addition. In addition, the present invention can reduce sooty smoke, which is generated during the combustion of the fossil fuel, by facilitating perfect combustion, and can contribute to environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a fuel composition for kerosene,

The present invention relates to a fuel saving composition for a kerosene produced by mixing a stabilizer into a nanomaterial, and more particularly, to a fuel saving composition for a kerosene which is produced by mixing a nanomaterial with a stabilizer, Is a new technology for fuel saving compositions.

Nano Technology (NT) is a technology that synthesizes, assembles, controls, or measures and identifies materials at small size units such as atoms or molecules. In general, nanotechnology classifies materials or objects with sizes ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers. The nano comes from the Greek nano, which means dwarf. One nanosecond (ns) stands for one billionth of a second. One nanometer (nm) is 1 / billionth of a meter, which corresponds to about one hundredth of the thickness of a human hair, about three to four atoms in size. The specific characteristics are as follows.

end. Optical

In the nano area, the color changes with size. For example, gold (Au) is generally golden, but when it is below 20 nm, it turns red, and the color changes even if the size changes slightly.

I. Chemical

As all materials are cleaved from a large chunk into a small chunk, the surface area of the entire material increases sharply, which causes the nanomaterials to have unique characteristics. For example, titanium dioxide (TiO2) is widely used because it has sterilizing power, self-cleaning ability and anti-fogging effect when it receives weak ultraviolet ray generated from fluorescent lamp or incandescent lamp when TiO2 particle size is less than 20 nm.

All. Mechanical

The particles of the polycrystalline material have the same basic arrangement but tend to have strong mechanical properties as the grain size per unit area existing between the particles and the particle is larger. However, in the case of nanomaterials, unlike the general tendency, there is a tendency that the intensity increases rapidly in a specific grain size region. However, when mixed with other composites, the mechanical strength of the nanoparticles is considered to be superior in terms of mechanical properties.

la. Electronic

Semiconductors, magnetic metals, and nanoparticles, which have electronic properties, are generally known to have the largest magnetic properties at about 10 to 100 nm. It is also known that magnetic properties can be maximized and spherical magnetic metal nanoparticles of very small size and uniform size can be synthesized and these particles can be used as one bit each through regular arrangement. The size is several nanometers, mainly composed of cobalt, cobalt and platinum alloy.

Nanotechnology Scanning Probe Technology is a core technology that is the foundation of nanotechnology. It is a technology that measures and analyzes nanometer-level properties, structures and components. The nano measurement technology can be divided into X-ray technology electron / ion beam technology infrared ray, ultraviolet ray, and visible ray technology depending on the type of the source, mainly SPM technology. Since the scope of the technology of nanometer measurement technology is very large, it is difficult to realize the total classification and analysis. Therefore, in this analysis, the SPM technology, which is the representative technology of the nano measurement technology, can be considered in this analysis. In relation to the semiconductor industry, where Korea is stronger than other countries, the surface shape, structure, , Which is currently used or is expected to increase in the future, is limited to some nano measurement technologies. As nanotechnology evolves, it will be used in many fields such as chemistry, physics, biology, geography and so on.

The various applications of nanotechnology are as follows.

end. Electronic field

Communications Nano-structured microprocessor devices with performance over 1 million times the cost of low power consumption, communications systems with more than 10 times the bandwidth and high transfer rate, large capacity information storage devices, Intelligent nanosensor systems that collect, process, store information, memory semiconductors, pocket-sized super robots, faster, smaller, thinner and lighter smart interfaces

I. Materials / Manufacturing Machinery

Nanostructured metals and ceramics that do not have the exact shape, high strength materials designed on the atomic layer, high performance catalysts, printing with nanoparticles with excellent color, new standards for nanoscale measurements, cutting tools, electrical and chemical , Nano coatings for structural applications

All. Medical field

Rapid and effective sequencing to enable the revolution of diagnostics and therapeutics, effective and affordable health care using telemedicine and biomedical devices, new drug delivery systems through nanostructures Durability and biocompatible artificial organs, diagnosis, Nano sensing system that can prevent

All. Biotechnology field

Synthesis of hybrid systems Skin, genetic analysis / manipulation, biochemically degradable chemicals made by molecular engineering, genetic improvement of plants and animals, gene and drug supply to animals, DNA analysis using nanotechnology-based analysis technology

la. Environment, energy field

New batteries, photosynthesis of clean fuel, proton photovoltaic cells, nanometer-sized porous catalysts, porous materials that can remove very fine contaminants, nanoparticle-reinforced polymers that replace metals in the automotive industry, nanoparticles of inorganic materials, polymers Abrasion-resistant, environment-friendly tire

hemp. Defense Sector

Weapon system change (miniaturization, high speed, improvement of long-distance movement ability), unmanned remote weapon (unmanned submarine, unmanned fighter, remote sensor system), stealth weapon

bar. Aerospace

Low power, high performance computer with anti-radiation, nanotechnology for micro spacecraft, nanoscale sensor, avionics using nanotechnology, heat resistant, abrasion resistant nano coating

As we have seen, nanotechnology has many applications. When nanotechnology is applied to fuel, it can achieve higher energy efficiency than simply using fossil fuels. When the fuel additive composition that can be used in addition to the fossil fuel is developed by utilizing the advantages of the nanotechnology, it is possible to apply the new technology in which the fuel efficiency is reduced due to the improvement of the energy efficiency and the complete combustion is achieved.

The present invention enables stable mixing of nanomaterials with a fossil fuel by mixing a stabilizer with nanomaterials so that when the fossil fuel is burned, the nanodevices also diffuse in the fossil fuel and function to help burn well together .

The fuel additive composition according to the present invention diffuses well to fossil fuel and burns together with fossil fuel, thereby generating a large amount of energy, thereby saving fossil fuel and promoting complete combustion, thereby contributing to environmental protection. There is a main purpose.

The fuel additive composition according to the present invention is largely divided into a nanodevice and a stabilizer. The nanodevice is used as an energy source that promotes complete combustion and generates high energy. The stabilizer helps the chemical stability of the nanodevice and also helps the nanomaterial to mix well with kerosene, a fossil fuel. In other words, stabilizers function to help nano-materials burn well together when fossil fuels are burned by allowing nanomaterials to diffuse and spread evenly over kerosene quickly.

The fuel additive composition according to the present invention can experience a high fuel saving effect by generating a large amount of energy when a nanomaterial is injected into a fossil fuel such as kerosene and then burned together. In addition, since complete combustion is promoted, the amount of soot generated is significantly reduced, which can contribute greatly to environmental protection. If the amount of nanomaterials is adjusted appropriately depending on the application, a high fuel saving effect can be obtained. It is also a new technology that can contribute massively to mass production at low cost.

The 'fuel composition for kerosene using nano device' according to the present invention can be largely divided into nanomaterial and stabilizer. The nanomaterial is used as an energy source that generates high energy and promotes complete combustion while the stabilizer helps the chemical stability of the nanomaterial and helps the nanomaterial to mix well with kerosene . In other words, stabilizers function to help nanomaterials burn well together when fossil fuels are burned by allowing the nanomaterials to spread evenly over kerosene in a short period of time.

The nanomaterials developed for the purpose of reducing fuel by adding to the kerosene according to the present invention are "potassium carbonate, zinc hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide" and their composition ratios are described in Table 1 below.

The stabilizer that helps diffusion of nanomaterials when mixed with the nanomaterial according to the present invention and mixed with kerosene is "oleic acid, glycolaldehyde ", and its composition ratio is described in Table 1 below.

Constituent materials of the 'fuel composition for kerosene using nano device' according to the present invention will be described in detail as follows.

Potassium carbonate is prepared by adding 45 to 50% potassium hydroxide solution into a reaction tank and blowing carbon dioxide while stirring to make an aqueous potassium carbonate solution, which is then evaporated and dried. It is used for manufacturing raw materials such as carly soap, carly glass, optical glass, dyeing, leather tanning, photo, analysis reagent. It is also called carbonated carly. K2CO3. It is a white powder, contained in the material in which the plant is burned. Melting point is 891 ° C, specific gravity is 2.29. There is harmony. In 100 g of water, 105.5 g at 0 ° C and 156 g at 100 ° C are dissolved. The aqueous solution shows basicity by hydrolysis and the pH is 11.6. When crystallizing (crystallizing) potassium carbonate in an aqueous solution, dihydrate K 2 CO 3 .2H 2 O is formed. In addition, monohydrate, 1.5 hydrate, etc. are known as hydrates. It does not dissolve in ethanol. It reacts with acid to generate carbon dioxide. KSCO3 + H2SO4 → K2SO4 + H2O + CO2 ↑ Also, when carbon dioxide is absorbed, it changes to potassium bicarbonate. 45 to 50% of a potassium hydroxide solution is put into a reaction tank, and carbon dioxide is blown in with stirring to make an aqueous potassium carbonate solution. The mixture is filtered and evaporated to dryness, or carbon dioxide is again blown into an aqueous solution of potassium carbonate to be crystallized with potassium bicarbonate And heat-decomposed using a rotary furnace.

Further, a method similar to the Leblanc method in the production of sodium carbonate may be used. That is, instead of sodium chloride, potassium chloride and concentrated sulfuric acid are reacted at a high temperature to form potassium sulfate, which is converted to potassium sulfide K2S and reacted with calcium carbonate CaCO3 to produce potassium carbonate K2CO3 and calcium sulfide CaS. When K2S + CaCO3 → K2CO3 + CaS product is immersed in water, potassium carbonate dissolves, so it is filtered and evaporated to dryness. It is used for manufacturing raw materials such as carly soap, carly glass, optical glass, raw materials for dyes, leather tanning, photographs, analytical reagents and medicines, and chemical operations.

Zinc hydroxide is a hydroxide of zinc and is a hydrous oxide. It is made by adding alkali hydroxide to the zinc salt aqueous solution. Zn (OH) 2. The specific gravity is 3.05. When an appropriate amount of alkali hydroxide is added to the aqueous solution of the zinc salt, a white colloidal phase precipitates. Both hydrolyzed oxides are dissolved in excess acid and alkali to form zinc salts and zinc salts. For example, the acid reacts with hydrochloric acid HCl as follows.

Zn (OH) 2 + 2HCl? ZnCl2 + 2H2O

In the case of alkali, sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) dissolves in the form of sodium Na2Zn (OH) 4 with NaOH.

Zn (OH) 2 + 2NaOH - > Na2Zn (OH) 4

In ammonia water, it forms a complex ion such as [Zn (NH)] 2+ and dissolves. When heated, it decomposes at 125 ° C to become zinc oxide. It is used for the production of zinc salts.

Magnesium hydroxide is a hydroxide of magnesium and the formula is Mg (OH) 2. When heated to 100 ° C, it can be dried with magnesium hydroxide, but when heated above 100 ° C, magnesium oxide MgO is produced while releasing water. It is almost insoluble in water, but it dissolves in dilute acid, ammonium salt solution, etc., and aqueous solution shows alkalinity. It is used as medicines such as laxatives and antacids. Mg (OH) 2. The specific gravity is 2.4. When heated to 100 ° C, it can be dried with magnesium hydroxide, but when heated above 100 ° C, magnesium oxide MgO is produced while releasing water. Mg (OH) 2 → MgO + H2O It hardly dissolves in water, but dissolves in dilute acid, ammonium salt solution and so on. The aqueous solution shows alkalinity. When a solid is left in the air, it absorbs carbon dioxide and becomes magnesium carbonate. In nature, it exists as a watery talc. When magnesium hydroxide is reacted with an alkali hydroxide, it is formed as a colorless colloidal precipitate. It is used as medicines such as laxatives and antacids.

The oleic acid has the formula C17H3COOH. Also called heritage. It is mainly contained in animal and plant oil, and is the main component of oils such as camellia oil and olive oil. It is colorless, odorless, oily liquid with specific gravity of 0.898 and melting point of 14 ℃. It does not dissolve in water but dissolves in organic solvent. If left in the air, it becomes oxidized to yellow or brown, and smells bad. Lubricants, raw materials for soap, and waterproofing agents for fabrics.

Glycolaldehyde is the smallest molecule containing an aldehyde and a hydroxy group together. It is the only dios, a monosaccharide composed of two carbon atoms. The anomalous OHCCH2OH. Oxidation of glycols with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of iron (II) salts. Melting point: Melting point: 96 ° C. When it is dissolved in water, it has a sweet taste. It forms a dimer in aqueous solution but reduces the Pelling solution. Ozone is formed by the action of phenylhydrazine, and when it is oxidized with bromine water, it becomes glycolic acid.

[Table 1] shows the composition ratio of 'fuel composition for kerosene using nano device' composed of the above-mentioned materials.

The above composition ratio is a result of finding the most suitable golden ratio through repeated experiment. The nanomaterials according to the composition ratio are burned together with the kerosene to generate energy and promote the complete combustion. The stabilizer composed of the composition ratio of the nanomaterials is capable of spreading uniformly in the kerosene To help the nanomaterials burn well.

[ Example ]

10 ml (added at a ratio of 1,000: 1) of 10 parts of the phosphorus-containing composition according to the present invention was added to the kerosene of 10 liters (L) at the mixing ratio shown in Table 1, and the results were as shown in Table 2.

The experiment was carried out by the experiment of the fuel consumption of the vehicle and the experiment was carried out under the same conditions. And the fuel consumption is 60km / h on the highway, which is the same vehicle type for 10 minutes.

Claims (1)

"2.5-3.5 wt% of potassium nano-carbonate of 40-80 nm in size, 2.5-3.5 wt% of zinc oxide nanoparticles of 40-80 nm in size, 3.5-4.5 wt% of nanoparticles of magnesium hydroxide of 40-80 nm in size" and " , "Stabilizer" composed of 32-38wt%, glycol aldehyde 52-58wt% ", and then added to kerosene for fuel saving effect," fuel composition for kerosene using kerosene "