KR20140093264A - Emulsions containing polymeric cationic emulsifiers, substance and process - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a stable emulsion comprising an oil and a polymeric cationic emulsifier, a process for obtaining said emulsion, and the use of said emulsion.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to emulsions, compositions and methods containing polymeric cationic emulsifiers,

The present invention relates to a stable emulsion comprising an oil and a polymeric cationic emulsifier, a process for obtaining said emulsion, and the use of said emulsion.

Oils such as silicone oils, natural oils, polyolefins, especially polyisobutene, are useful components in many technical applications. However, it is still difficult to obtain a stable emulsion containing the oil (s) and water. It is always necessary to add a surfactant or a large amount of additional polymer.

Unpublished PCT / EP2011 / 057586 discloses (a) an emulsion comprising a polymer Px and water which is a copolymer of a polyolefin such as polyisobutene, a nonionic, anionic or a similar cationic monomer.

DE 195 05 100 A1 relates to the preparation of polymers which are polymerization products of alkyl- or alkenylcarboxylic acid derivatives and bis esters of polyalcohols. Such polymers are used as solubilizing agents, emulsifying agents and cleaning compounds.

WO 2007/042454 A1 describes the use of ternary polymers of (a) maleic anhydride, (b) isobutylene and (c) polyisobutylene for the preparation of aqueous emulsions or dispersions of hydrophobic components such as silicones .

WO 2007/014915 describes aqueous dispersions comprising an emulsifying agent obtained by polymerization of (A) a polymer such as polyisobutene and (B) isobutylene, maleic anhydride and polyethylene glycol. These suspensions are used for leather treatment or as additives in construction chemicals.

EP 0 995 791 A1 discloses a polymer formed by copolymerizing two or more monomers A, B and C wherein A is selected from one or more C3 to C8 monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid moieties and B is selected from C3 to C60 alkyl (Meth) acrylate and C is an ethylenically unsaturated monomer which can be copolymerized with monomers A and B. According to the disclosure above, the polymer is used as a solid or liquid form as an aqueous or cosolvent-based solution for promoting the release of oily contaminants from fabrics.

US 2,923,701 describes a composition comprising a linear copolymer which is an adduct of (1) a single quaternary ammonium compound such as diallyldimethylammonium chloride and (2) an ethylenically unsaturated compound. Such copolymers can be used to obtain fiber-forming copolymers or as textile treatments.

They are therefore suitable for use in chemical technology applications, washing, cosmetics, plant protection, paper, textile and leather manufacture and processing, adhesives, dyes and pigment formulations, coatings, pharmaceutical applications, construction, It is an object of the present invention to provide an emulsion containing oil (s) and water that exhibits stability.

This object is surprisingly achieved by the emulsions according to claims 1 to 11. The process for the preparation of the stable emulsion according to claims 12 and 13, the use of said emulsion, and the polymeric cationic emulsifiers according to claims 14 and 15, respectively, constitute a further aspect of the present invention.

For purposes of the present invention, the prefix (meth) written before the compound means a compound substituted by a respective unsubstituted compound and / or a methyl group. For example, "(meth) acrylic acid" means acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid, (meth) acrylate means acrylate and / or methacrylate, (meth) acrylamide means acrylamide and / Methacrylamide. ≪ / RTI >

The present invention relates to emulsions, based on the total amount of emulsions, comprising:

a) an oil (s) in an amount of from 2 to 75% by weight,

b) a polymeric cationic emulsifier Px in an amount of 0.05 to 40% by weight, wherein Px is the following polymerization product:

A) at least one cationic ethylenically unsaturated monomer (monomer A),

B) one or more linear or branched alkyl (meth) acrylates (monomer B),

C) from 0 to 30% by weight of at least one C3-C8 monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (monomer C),

c) from 0 to 25% by weight of surfactant (s) Sx,

d) from 0 to 20% by weight of the additive (s) Ax, and

e) 10 to 97.95% by weight of water.

The emulsion may consist of components a), b) and e), in which case up to 100% by weight is added and the emulsion forms the preferred embodiment of the invention. The emulsion may also contain components a), b) and e) and further components. Emulsions which also contain components c) and / or d) in addition to components a), b) and e) form one preferred embodiment of the invention. The emulsions of the present invention may also contain other ingredients.

With respect to the amount of each compound present in the emulsion, there is a preferred range. Thus, emulsions according to the invention, in which the components are present independently of each other in the following amounts based on the total amount of emulsions, form a preferred embodiment of the invention:

a) an oil (s) in an amount of 5 to 50% by weight,

b) an amount of polymeric cationic emulsifying agent Px in an amount of 0.5 to 30% by weight, wherein Px is the following polymerization product:

A) one or more monomers A,

B) one or more monomers B,

C) 0 to 30% by weight of one or more monomers C,

c) 0.1 to 20% by weight of the surfactant (s) Sx,

d) 0.1 to 15% by weight of the additive (s) Ax,

e) water in an amount of 30 to 90% by weight.

Even more preferred is an emulsion wherein the components are present independently of each other in the following amounts based on the total amount of emulsion:

a) an oil (s) in an amount of from 10 to 40% by weight,

b) from 0.5 to 15% by weight of the polymeric cationic emulsifier Px, wherein Px is the following polymerization product:

A) one or more monomers A,

B) one or more monomers B,

C) 0 to 30% by weight of one or more monomers C,

c) 0.1 to 15% by weight of surfactant (s) Sx,

d) 1 to 10% by weight of the additive (s) Ax, and

e) Water in an amount of from 40 to 85% by weight.

And most preferred is an emulsion wherein the components of the emulsion are present independently of each other in the following amounts based on the total amount of emulsion:

a) an oil (s) in an amount of 15 to 30% by weight,

b) 0.5 to 5% by weight of the polymeric cationic emulsifying agent Px, wherein Px is the following polymerization product:

A) one or more monomers A,

B) one or more monomers B,

C) from 0 to 30 mass% of one or more monomers C,

c) 0.5 to 10% by weight of the surfactant (s) Sx,

d) 2 to 8% by weight of the additive (s) Ax,

e) Water in an amount of 50 to 80% by weight.

In order to maximize the content of oil (s), it is advantageous to reduce the amount of other components in the emulsion. Thus, also preferred emulsions are those comprising:

Based on the total weight of the emulsion,

a) from 15 to 35% by weight of the oil (s),

b) 0.5 to 10% by weight of the polymeric cationic emulsifier Px,

c) 4 to 12% by weight of surfactant (s) Sx,

d) from 0 to 10% by weight of the additive (s) Ax, and

e) 33 to 80, 5% by weight of water,

Based on the total weight of the emulsion,

a) from 15 to 35% by weight of the oil (s),

b) 0.5 to 10% by weight of the polymeric cationic emulsifier Px,

c) 4 to 12% by weight of surfactant (s) Sx,

d) 0% by weight of the additive (s) Ax, and

e) 33 to 80, 5% by weight of water,

Based on the total weight of the emulsion,

a) from 15 to 35% by weight of the oil (s),

b) 0.5 to 10% by weight of the polymeric cationic emulsifier Px,

c) 4 to 12% by weight of surfactant (s) Sx,

d) 0% by weight of the additive (s) Ax, and

e) 33 to 80, 5% by weight of water,

Based on the total weight of the emulsion,

a) an oil (s) in an amount of 15 to 30% by weight,

b) 0.5 to 30% by weight of the polymeric cationic emulsifier Px,

c) 0% by weight of surfactant (s) Sx,

d) 2 to 8% by weight of the additive (s) Ax, and

e) 50 to 80% by weight of water,

or

Based on the total weight of the emulsion,

a) an oil (s) in an amount of 15 to 30% by weight,

b) 0.5 to 5% by weight of the polymeric cationic emulsifier Px,

c) 0% by weight of surfactant (s) Sx,

d) 0% by weight of the additive (s) Ax, and

e) Water in an amount of 50 to 80% by weight.

The nature of the components of the emulsion of the present invention as well as the amount can be advantageously selected.

The oil (s) used in the present invention is selected from the group consisting of:

a1) polyolefin,

a2) silicone oil,

a3) natural oil (s),

a4) Mineral oil having a boiling point at atmospheric pressure of more than 150 DEG C,

a5) esters of C10- to C26-carboxylic acids with C8-C24-alcohols,

And / or mixtures thereof.

The oil according to the invention represents a hydrophobic component which is liquid at ambient temperature.

In general, the polyolefin (s) used in the present invention is a chemical compound (s) consisting of carbon and hydrogen atoms. The polyolefin (s) may be linear (e. G., Polyethylene), may have side chains (e. G., Polypropylene having a methyl side chain where the side chain may be long enough to find a comb-like structure) (E. G., An ethene / propene-copolymer or an ethane / propene / hexane-3-one polymer). It is particularly preferred when the polyolefin (s) is substantially a homopolymer, i.e. the degree of comonomer or 3-monomer based on the mass of the polymer is less than 10% by weight, preferably less than 5% by weight. It is particularly preferred when the polymer (s) are homopolymers, that is, they consist solely of one type of monomer.

In particular, an emulsion in which the polyolefin (s) al) is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene and polyisobutylene is preferred. The emulsion may comprise one or more polyolefin (s). Emulsions containing only one polyolefin a1) are preferred. An emulsion containing only polyisobutylene as the polyolefin a1) is particularly preferable. The polyolefin a1) can be prepared by a conventional process (Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Polyolefins, Whiteley, Heggs, Koch, Mawer, Immel, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim 2005). The preparation of polyisobutylene is described in more detail, for example, in WO 02/06359 and WO 96/40808. The polyolefin (s) a1) preferably has a molar mass (Mn) of 250 g / mol or more, preferably 350 g / mol or more, more preferably 500 g / mol or more. The polyolefin (s) al) has a maximum molar mass Mn of 10.000 g / mol, preferably 5000 g / mol, more preferably 2500 g / mol. The most preferable range of the molar mass Mn of the polyolefin a1) is 550 to 2000 g / mol.

Suitable silicone oils a2) contained in the emulsions of the present invention are, for example, linear polydimethylsiloxanes, poly (methylphenylsiloxanes), cyclic siloxanes and mixtures thereof. The number-average molecular weight of polydimethylsiloxane and poly (methylphenylsiloxane) is preferably in the range of about 1000 to 150 000 g / mol. Preferred cyclic siloxanes have 4- to 8-membered rings. Suitable cyclic siloxanes are commercially available, for example, under the name cyclomethicone.

Preferred natural oils a3) contained in the emulsions of the present invention are, for example, castor oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, olive oil, sunflower oil, sesame oil, avocado oil, cocoa butter, almond oil, Fat, ginseng, ginseng oil, ginseng oil, wheat germ oil, macadamia oil, coltsfoot colostrum, jojoba oil; Fatty alcohols such as lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol; Fatty acids such as myristic acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and the like; saturated, unsaturated and substituted fatty acids; And mixtures of the above-mentioned oil and fat ingredients.

The preferred mineral oil a4) contained in the emulsion of the present invention is marketed under the name Mineral Oil Hard, Mineral Oil Heavy, Paraffin Liquid or Nujol, which is liquid at room temperature.

In addition, the emulsion according to the present invention comprises polymer (s) PX, wherein Px is the following polymerization product:

A) at least one cationic ethylenically unsaturated monomer (monomer A),

B) one or more linear or branched alkyl (meth) acrylates (monomer B),

C) 0 to 30% by weight of at least one C3-C8 monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (monomer C).

Monomer A is a cationic monoethylenically unsaturated monomer that is at least partially soluble in water of the reaction solvent. Suitable examples of monomer A are (3-acrylamidopropyl) -trimethylammonium chloride (APTAC), diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC), (3-methacrylamidopropyl) -trimethylammonium chloride (MAPTAC), dimethylamino Propyl acrylate methocloride, and dimethylaminopropyl methacrylate methoc chloride. Monomer A is preferably DADMAC.

Monomer B is a linear or branched alkyl (meth) acrylate, preferably C10-C30 alkyl (meth) acrylate, more preferably C12-C20 alkyl (meth) acrylate. Suitable monomers B include linear and branched alkyl esters of (meth) acrylic acid such as octyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, cetyl acrylate, octadecyl acrylate, isodecyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate Rate. Monomer B is preferably lauryl acrylate (LA).

Monomer C is a C3-C8 monoethylenically unsaturated mono- or dicarboxylic acid and its anhydrides and salts. Suitable examples of monomer C are acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, itaconic acid and metal salts thereof. Monomer C is preferably acrylic acid (AA).

Preferably, the polymer Px is the following polymerized product:

A) diallyldimethylammonium chloride,

B) one or more linear or branched alkyl (meth) acrylates,

C) 0 to 30% by weight of acrylic acid.

With respect to the amount of each monomer present in the polymer Px, there is a preferred range. Thus, the polymer Px is preferably the following polymerized product:

A) 60 to 95% by weight of monomers A,

B) 5 to 45% by weight of monomer B,

C) 0 to 30% by weight of a monomer C.

Even more preferred are polymers Px which are the following polymerization products:

A) 70 to 90% by weight of monomers A,

B) from 10 to 35% by weight of monomer B,

C) 5 to 20% by weight of monomer C.

Another preferred embodiment is polymer Px which is the polymerization product of:

A) 70 to 90% by weight of monomers A,

B) from 10 to 35% by weight of monomer B,

C) 0% by weight of monomer C.

An emulsion in which the surfactant (s) Sx is selected from the group consisting of:

c1) a nonionic surfactant,

c2) an anionic surfactant, and

c3) Cationic surfactant.

Surfactants generally consist of hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties. Whereby the hydrophobic portion generally has a chain length of 4 to 20 C-atoms, preferably 6 to 19 C-atoms, particularly preferably 8 to 18 C-atoms. The functional unit of the hydrophobic group is generally an OH- group, so that the alcohol may be linear or branched. Generally, the hydrophilic moieties are substantially free of alkoxylation units (e.g., ethylene oxide (EO), propylene oxide (PO) and / or butylene oxide (BO) 5 to 20 are annealed) and / or charged units such as sulfates, sulfonates, phosphates, carbonates, ammonium and ammonium oxides.

Examples of anionic surfactants are carboxylates, sulfonates, sulfo fatty acid methyl-esters, sulfates, and phosphates. An example of a cationic surfactant is a quaternary ammonium compound. An example of a betaine-surfactant is alkyl betaine. An example of a nonionic compound is an alcohol alkoxylate.

"Carboxylate" is a compound that includes at least one carboxylate group in its molecule. Examples of carboxylates which can be used in accordance with the present invention are soaps such as stearates, oleates, cocoates, ether carboxylates of alkali metals or ammonium - such as Akypo® RO 20, AKypo® RO 50, Akypo® RO 90.

"Sulfonate" is a compound that contains at least one sulfonate group in its molecule. Examples of sulfonates which can be used according to the invention are:

Alkylbenzenesulfonates such as Lutensit A-LBS, Lutensit A-LBN, Lutensit A-LBA, Marlon AS3, Maranil DBS,

Alscoap OS-14P, BIO-TERGE® AS-40, BIO-TERGE® AS-40 CG, BIO-TERGE® AS-90 Beads, Calimulse® AOS-20, Calimulse® AOS- Calif. ≪ / RTI > AOS-40, Nikolol OS-14, Norfox ALPHA XL, POLYSTEP A-18, Rhodacal® A-246L, Rhodacal® LSS-40 / A,

Sulfonated oils such as Turkish red oil,

Olefinsulfonate,

Aromatic sulfonates such as Nekal® BX, Dowfax® 2A1.

"Sulpho fatty acid methyl ester" is a compound having the formula (I)

Wherein R has from 10 to 20 C-atoms, preferably from 12 to 18, particularly preferably from 14 to 16 C-atoms.

"Sulfate" is a compound containing at least one SO4- group in its molecule. Examples of sulfates which can be used according to the invention are:

Fatty acid alcohol sulphates such as coco fatty alcohol sulphate (CAS 97375-27-4) - for example EMAL® 10G, Dispersogen® SI, Elfan® 280, Mackol® 100N,

Other alcohol sulphates - such as Emal® 71, Lanette® E,

Coco fatty alcohol ethersulfates such as Emal® 20C, Latemul® E150, Sulfochem ES-7, Texapon® ASV-70 Spec., Agnique SLES-229-F, Octosol 828, POLYSTEP® B-23, Unipol® 125 -E, 130-E, Unipol® ES-40,

Other alcohol ethersulfates - for example Avanel® S-150, Avanel® S 150 CG, Avanel® S 150 CG N, Witcolate® D51-51, Witcolate® D51-53.

Phosphate is a compound comprising at least one PO4- group. Examples of phosphates which can be used according to the invention are:

Alkyl ether phosphates such as Maphos® 37P, Maphos® 54P, Maphos® 37T, Maphos® 210T and Maphos® 210P,

Phosphate such as Lutensit A-EP,

Alkyl phosphates.

When preparing the chemical compositions of the present invention, the anionic surfactant is preferably added as a salt. Acceptable salts include, for example, alkali metal salts such as sodium-, potassium- and lithium salts, and ammonium salts such as hydroxylethylammonium-, di (hydroxyethyl) ammonium- and tri- (hydroxyethyl) It is a salt.

One group of cationic surfactants are quaternary ammonium compounds. A "quaternary ammonium compound" is a compound containing at least one R4N + - group per molecule. Examples of counterions useful for quaternary ammonium compounds are methosulfate, sulfate and carbonate or cetyl / oleyltrimethylammonium halogens, coco fatty acids, sebum fats.

Particularly suitable cationic surfactants are:

- N, N-dimethyl-N- (hydroxy-C7-C25-alkyl) ammonium salts;

Mono- and di- (C7-C25-alkyl) dimethylammonium compounds, which are quaternized by an alkylating agent,

Esters quats, in particular mono-, di- and trialkanolamines (quaternized by C8-C22-carbonic acid);

- imidazolyquat, especially 1-alkyl imidazolinium salts of the formula II or III:

Wherein the variables have the following meanings:

R9 is C1-C25-alkyl or C2-C25-alkenyl;

R10 is C1-C4-alkyl or hydroxy-C1-C4-alkyl;

R 11 is C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, hydroxy-C 1 -C 4 -alkyl or the remaining R 1 - (CO) -X- (CH 2) m- (X is -O- or -NH-; m is 2 or 3)

Whereby at least one of the remaining R < 9 > is C7-C22-alkyl.

"Betaine-surfactant" is a compound comprising at least one positive charge and at least one negative charge under the conditions of use-that is, in the case of textile washing at normal pressures and temperatures from room temperature to 95 캜. An "alkyl betaine" is a betaine-surfactant comprising at least one alkyl-unit per molecule. Examples of betaine-surfactants that can be used in accordance with the present invention are:

Cocamidopropyl betaine - MAFO® CAB, Amonyl® 380 BA, AMPHOSOL® CA, AMPHOSOL® CG, AMPHOSOL® CR, AMPHOSOL® HCG; AMPHOSOL® HCG-50, Chembetaine® C, Chembetaine® CGF, Chembetaine® CL, Dehyton® PK, Dehyton® PK 45, Emery® 6744, Empigen® BS / F, Empigen® BS / ® CAB, Lonzaine® C, Lonzaine® CO, Mirataine® BET-C-30, Mirataine® CB, Monateric® CAB, Naxaine® C, Naxaine® CO, Norfox® CAPB, Norfox® Coco Betaine, Ralufon® 414, TEGO® Betain CKD, TEGO Betain E KE 1, TEGO Betain F, TEGO Betain F 50 and amidoxides such as alkyldimethylamine oxides, ie compounds of the formula (IV), for example Mazox® LDA, Genaminox®, Aromox® 14 DW 970:

Wherein R1, R2 and R3 are independently selected from aliphatic, cyclic or tertiary alkyl- or amidoalkyl- residues.

The nonionic surfactant is a surfactant component that has a head group that is a non-charged, polar, hydrophilic group that does not have an ionic charge at neutral pH, and that the head group makes the nonionic surfactant water-soluble. The surfactant adsorbs at the interface and aggregates into micelles at a critical micelle concentration (cmc). According to the type of hydrophilic head group, it is meant to be an (oligo) oxyalkylene group, especially an (oligo) -oxyethylene group, a (polyethylene glycol) group such as a fatty alcohol polyglycol ether (fatty alcohol alkoxylate) Phenol polyglycol ethers and fatty acid ethoxylates, alkoxylated triglycerides and mixed ethers (both alkoxylated polyethylene glycol ethers); And carbohydrate-groups including, for example, alkyl polyglucosides and fatty acid-N-methyl-glucamides.

Alcohol alkoxylates are hydrophobic moieties having a chain length of 4 to 20, preferably 6 to 19, particularly preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms, whereby the alcohol may be linear or branched, and alkoxylated units, e.g. (Having from 2 to 30 repeating units) which can be ethylene oxide (EO), propylene oxide (PO) and / or butylene oxide (BuO). Examples include Lutensol® XP, Lutensol® XL, Lutensol® ON, Lutensol® AT, Lutensol® A, Lutensol® AO, and Lutensol® TO.

Alcohol phenol alkoxylates are compounds according to the formula (V), which may be prepared by addition of an alkylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide, to the alkylphenol:

.

.

Preferably R4 = H. And also when R5 = H - this is preferable to EO; In the same manner, when R5 = CH3 is preferable to PO or when R5 = CH2CH3, this is preferable to BuO. [(R1 = R3 = H, R2 = 1,3,5-trimethyl (diisobutylene)], (EO / PO / BuO) n (R = COOH), dodecyl, dinonyl or tributylphenol polyglycol ether C8 to C12 and n = 5 to 10) are particularly preferred. Non-limiting examples of such compounds are Norfox® OP-102, Surfonic® OP-120, T-Det® O-12.

Fatty acid ethoxylates are fatty acid esters, which are treated with different amounts of ethylene oxide (EO).

Triglycerides are esters of glycerol (glyceride), wherein all three hydroxy-groups are esterified using fatty acids. Which may be modified by alkylene oxides.

The fatty acid alkanolamide has an alkyl residue R and one or two alkoxyl-residue (s), whereby R is an amide-group containing 11 to 17 C-atoms and 1? M + n? (VI) < / RTI > comprising one or more:

.

.

Alkylpolyglycosides include alkyl monoglucosides (alkyl-alpha-d- and-beta-d-gluco-pyranoside + small amounts-glucopuranosides) and alkyldiglucosides (-isomaltoside, -maltoside and- Others) and alkyloligoglucosides (-maltotrioside, -tetraose and others). Alkylpolyglycosides belong to other pathways accessible by acid-catalyzed reactions (Fischer-Reaction) from glucose (or starch) or n-butyl glucoside and fatty alcohols. The alkyl polyglycoside is according to the following formula (VII):

[Wherein,

m = 0 to 3,

n = 4 to 20].

One example is Lutensol® GD70.

In a group of nonionic N-alkylated, preferably N-metallated fatty acid amides of the formula (VIII), R 1 is an n-12-alkyl-moiety and R 2 is an alkyl-

.

.

R2 is preferably methyl.

An emulsion in which the additive (s) Ax is selected from the group consisting of:

Builders, enzymes, bleaches, bleach activators, bleach catalysts, corrosion inhibitors, dye protection additives, dye transfer inhibitors, antioxidants, antioxidants, antiseptics, dyes, acids, bases, complexing agents, biocides, hydrotopes, thickeners, builders, Antioxidants, bleaching agents, preservatives, organic solvents, solubility adjusting agents, solubility enhancing agents, perfume gel forming agents, dyes, pigments, photoprotective agents, concentration adjusting agents, antioxidants, bleaching agents, care agents A stabilizer, a stabilizer, a sterilizing agent, a propellant, an antioxidant, an antiseptic, an antiseptic, an antistatic agent, a resin, a solubility enhancer, a stabilizer, a stabilizer, , Drying agent, opaque agent.

The disinfecting agent may be: an oxidizing agent, a halogen such as chlorine and iodine and a component releasing it, an alcohol such as ethanol, 1-propanol and 2-propanol, an aldehyde, a phenol, an ethylene oxide, a chlorhexidine, Methylsulfate.

The advantage of using disinfectants is that pathogenic bacteria can be difficult to grow. Pathogenic bacteria can be bacteria, spores, fungi and viruses.

The dyes may also be selected from the group consisting of Acid Blue 9, Acid Yellow 3, Acid Yellow 23, Acid Yellow 73, Pigment Yellow 101, 1 (Acid Green 1), and Acid Green 25 (Acid Green 25).

The acid is advantageously a compound that can be used to resolve or avoid scaling. Non-limiting examples of acids are formic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and sulfonic acid.

The base is a compound useful for controlling the pH-range desired for the complexing agent. Examples of bases which can be used according to the invention are NaOH, KOH and amine ethanol.

As weapon builders, the following are particularly useful:

Crystalline and amorphous aluminosilicates, such as zeolites, having ion exchange properties; X, B, P, MAP and HS in a modification wherein different types of zeolites, in particular Na-reforming or Na, are partially substituted with other cations such as Li, K, Ca, Mg or ammonium;

-Crystalline silicates, such as disilicates and stratified-silicates, such as delta- and beta-Na2Si2O5. The silicates can be used as alkali metal-, alkaline earth metal- or ammonium salts, Na-, Li- and Mg-silicates are preferred;

Amorphous silicates such as sodium metasilicate and amorphous disilicate;

- Carbonates and hydrogencarbonates: These can be used as alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium salts. Na-, Li- and Mg-carbonates and -hydrogencarbonates, especially sodium carbonate and / or sodium hydrogencarbonate, are preferred;

Polyphosphates such as pentasodium triphosphate.

Useful as oligomeric and polymeric co-builders are:

Oligomeric and polymeric carbonates such as acrylic acid and aspartic acid, homopolymers of oleylmaleic acid, copolymers of maleic acid and acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, C2-C22-olefins such as isobutene or long chain alpha-olefins, C8-alkyl ethers, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, (meth) acrylic acid esters of C1-C8-alcohol and styrene. Preferred are homopolymers of acrylic acid and copolymers of acrylic acid and maleic acid. The oligomeric and polymeric carbonic acid is preferably used as the acid or sodium salt.

The chelating agent is a compound capable of binding a cation. This can be used to reduce water hardness and precipitate heavy metals. Examples of complexing agents are: NTA, EDTA, MGDA, DTPA, DTPMP, IDS, HEDP, beta -ADA, GLDA, citric acid, oxodisuccinic acid and butanetetracarboxylic acid. The advantage of using these compounds lies in the fact that many compounds acting as detergents are more active in soft water. In addition to this, scaling can be reduced or even avoided. By using the above compound, it is not necessary to dry the cleaned surface. This is an advantage in workflow.

Useful anti-whitening agents are, for example, graft polymers of vinyl acetate against carboxymethylcellulose and polyethylene glycol.

Useful bleaching agents include, for example, adducts of hydrogen peroxide as inorganic salts such as sodium perborate-monohydrate, sodium perborate-tetrahydrate and sodium carbonate-perhydrate, and percarboxylic acids such as phthalimidopercarphonic acid to be.

Bleaching activator compounds such as N, N, N ', N'-tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), sodium-p-nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate and N-methylmorpholinium acetonitrile methyl-sulfate are useful.

Useful enzymes are, for example, proteases, lipases, amylases, cellulases, mannases, oxidases and peroxidases.

Useful dye transfer inhibitors are, for example, single-, co-and graft-polymers of 1-vinylpyrrolidone, 1-vinylimidazole or 4-vinylpyridine-N-oxide. Also, the sole- and copolymers of 4-vinylpyridine treated with chloroacetic acid are useful dye transfer inhibitors.

Biocides are compounds that kill bacteria. An example of a biocide is glutaric acid aldehyde. The advantage of using biocides is that they counteract the spread of pathogenic bacteria.

Perfume ingredients are compounds that enhance the solubility of surfactants / surfactants in chemical compositions. An example is cumolsulfonate.

Thickening agents are compounds that improve the viscosity of chemical compositions. Non-limiting examples of thickeners are polyacrylates and hydrophobically modified polyacrylates. An advantage of using a thickener is that a liquid with a high boiling point has a longer residence time for the surface to be treated when such a surface is oblique or even vertical. This yields an increased interaction time.

Emulsions having an organic solvent content of less than 50 mg / kg of emulsion are particularly preferred.

Phase stability - The emulsion according to the above description which is stable for more than 2 days depending on the test forms the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Phase - Stability - Test:

The stability of the emulsion is tested by visual inspection through phase-stability-test. After manufacture, the emulsion is stored in a graduated cylinder (Hirschmann Duran 100 ml volume, NS24129) closed at room temperature without shaking. After 1 hour, 4 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours, the emulsion was examined for phase separation.

- Emulsion is defined as stability when visually observable phase separation does not occur after 48 hours.

-Emulsion occurs after 48 hours of phase separation but the emulsion is immediately reformed upon slight shaking or low shear, for example by stirring with a magnetic stirring bar, and the re-formed emulsion is again stable for at least 4 hours Defined as re-emulsifiability.

- The emulsion is defined as instability when phase separation occurs in a short time after manufacture and the emulsion can not be reformed by slight shaking or low shear, for example stirring with a magnetic stir bar.

(S), polymer (s) Px, water and optionally oil (s) Ox, surfactant (s) Sx (s) And an additive Ax, and homogenizing the components in a mechanical mixer without the use of a solvent.

With regard to the details of the method, various forms are possible.

Emulsions are described in the literature, for example Heusch, R., Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Chapter " Emulsions ", 1-47, Wiley-VCH, 2000 (DOI: Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology ", Vol. 10, 113-133, Chapter "Emulsions ", John Wiley & Sons 2003 (DOI: 10.1002 / 0471238961.-0513211206180902.a01.pub2).

Suitable emulsifying machines are, for example, high-speed stirrers, shaking or impacting machines, emulsifying centrifuges, colloid mills, metering pumps (atomizers), vibrators, ultrasonic generators and homogenizers.

In one preferred embodiment of the invention, the preparation of the emulsion is carried out in the presence of a combination of ingredients including oil (s), polymer (s) Px, water, optionally a surfactant, and optionally further additives such as defoamers, By homogenization using a suitable apparatus such as a high-shear mixer or a homogenizer, for example a high-pressure homogenizer, the solventless component (the solvent is a component having a boiling point below 150 DEG C which is capable of dissolving the oil For example o-xylene).

(S) Px is dissolved in the oil (s), optionally further components, and then water, optionally water, optionally further comprising a surfactant and further components, can be changed as follows: In one preferred embodiment, the polymer Combined with phase.

In another preferred embodiment, the polymer (s) Px is dissolved in water containing water, optionally a surfactant and / or additional components, and then combined with an oil phase comprising the oil (s) and optionally further components.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation of the emulsion is accomplished through a solvent pathway. The components of the emulsion comprising oil (s) a) and polymer (s) Px are optionally dissolved in a solvent, such as o-xylene, in a stirred reactor at elevated temperature. After complete dissolution, water is added to the solution, and the mixture is distilled, optionally with the addition of water vapor, at elevated temperature (above 80 DEG C) until the solvent is removed.

Chemical technology applications The use of the emulsions described above in the manufacture of water, washing, cosmetics, plant protection, paper, textiles and leather, processing of adhesives, dyes and pigment formulations, coatings, pharmaceutical applications, Form another aspect of the invention.

The invention will be further illustrated by the following non-limiting examples:

Example:

"Low Concentration Emulsion" shall mean an emulsion in which the water content is in the range of greater than 40 wt%, preferably 45 wt% to 65 wt%, based on the total weight of the emulsion.

A "highly concentrated emulsion" will mean an emulsion in which the water content is in the range of 40 wt% or less, preferably 20 wt% to 35 wt%, based on the total weight of the emulsion.

The cleaning and / or treating composition of the present invention may be formulated into any suitable form and may be prepared by any method selected by the formulator, including but not limited to U.S. Pat. 5,879,584; U.S.A. 5,691,297; U.S.A. 5,574,005; U.S.A. 5,569,645; U.S.A. 5,565,422; U.S.A. 5,516,448; U.S.A. 5,489,392; U.S.A. 5,486,303, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Analysis method:

K-value

The K value of the polymers of the present invention was measured by Fikentscher (H. Fikentscher, Cellulosechemie 13 (1932), 58-4 and 71-4) by measuring the viscosity of the polymer solution at a concentration of 0.1% by weight in a 3% Lt; / RTI >

Solids content

The solids content was determined by drying an aqueous solution of the polymer in an oven at 100 DEG C for 2 hours under reduced pressure (100 mbar).

Examples P1 to P12: Synthesis of Polymeric Cationic Emulsifying Agent Px:

Example P1:

In a 2 L stirred vessel, water (38 g) and isopropanol (230 g) were charged and heated to 80 DEG C under a stream of nitrogen. A solution of lauryl acrylate (71 g) in isopropanol (230 g) and a 65% aqueous solution of diallyldimethylammonium chloride (366 g) and acrylic acid (21 g) was added at 80 < . At the same time, a solution of 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (3.3 g, commercially available from Wako Specialty Chemicals) in water (44 g) was added over 4.25 hours. The polymerization mixture was maintained at this temperature for an additional 1 hour. The isopropanol was removed by distillation and water (506 g) was added to give a 36% solution of the ternary polymer P1.

Example P3:

In a 2 L stirred vessel, water (31 g) and isopropanol (230 g) were charged and heated to 80 캜 under a flow of nitrogen. A solution of lauryl acrylate (75 g) in isopropanol (230 g) and a 65% aqueous solution of diallyldimethylammonium chloride (388 g) was added at 80 DEG C over 4 hours as a separate feed. At the same time, a solution of sodium peroxodisulfate (3.3 g) in water (43 g) was added over 4.25 h. The polymerization mixture was maintained at this temperature for an additional hour. The isopropanol was removed by distillation and water (498 g) was added to give a 38% solution of the copolymer P3.

Example P11:

In a 2 L stirred vessel, water (33 g) and isopropanol (195 g) were charged and heated to 80 캜 under a flow of nitrogen. A solution of lauryl acrylate (75 g) in isopropanol (194 g) and a 65% aqueous solution of diallyldimethylammonium chloride (310 g) was added at 80 DEG C over 4 hours as a separate feed. At the same time, a solution of 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (2.8 g, commercially available from Wako Specialty Chemicals) in water (37 g) was added over 4.25 hours. The polymerization mixture was maintained at this temperature for an additional hour. The isopropanol was removed by distillation and water (390 g) was added. This yielded a 37% solution of the copolymer P11.

Additional Polymerization Examples:

Polymer P6-P10 and Comparative Polymers CP1 and CP2 were prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example P1 by taking the monomers and the amounts given in Table 1, respectively.

Polymers P2, P4, P5, and P11 were prepared in a manner similar to that described in Example P11 by taking the monomers and the amounts given in Table 1, respectively.

[Table 1]

Examples LC1 to LC12: Preparation of low concentration emulsion:

Example LC1:

Polyisobutene (PIB) (molecular weight 1000 g / mol) (17.5 parts by weight) and paraffin oil (17.5 parts by weight) were mixed and the mixture was heated to 80 ° C.

Polymer P1 (1.75 parts by weight, calculated as the active ingredient) and nonionic surfactant C10-gewever alcohol alkoxylate (HLB 12.5, 8.8 parts by weight) were mixed with deionized water (54.4 parts by weight) Lt; 0 > C.

The PIB / paraffin mixture was placed in a heated beaker, connected with Ultraturrax equipped with Shear-Head T50, and set at a speed of 5000 to 6000 rpm. At 80 DEG C, a mixture of water, polymer and nonionic surfactant was added and emulsified for 120 seconds without further heating. A stable homogeneous emulsion was formed for phase-separation over one week.

Example LC2-LC12:

Using the same amounts of each of the polymers P2-P12, the following examples were prepared in a similar manner to that described in Example LC1. The stability results are given in Table 2 below. The emulsion stability was evaluated by visual inspection after 2 hours, 3 days and 6 days, and the average was calculated. All emulsions were homogeneous and showed no phase separation. Some emulsions were creamed after 3d or 6d. The degree of creaming was rated and graded with a grade 1, which is a complete homogeneous emulsion that does not exhibit signs of creaming by visual inspection, and a grade 6, which is a fully creamed emulsion. Nevertheless, all emulsions are stable to phase separation, and homogeneous emulsions can be easily reformed by shaking or stirring with a low shear magnetic stirrer.

[Table 2]

Examples HC1 to HC12: Preparation of highly concentrated emulsion:

Example HCl:

Polyisobutene (PIB) (molecular weight 1000 g / mol) (10.0 g, 41.6 parts by weight) was heated to 80 占 폚.

Polymer P1 (4.25 g calculated as a solid polymer, 17.3 parts by weight) and nonionic surfactant C10-gewever alcohol alkoxylate (HLB 12.5) (2.55 g, 10.4 parts by weight) were mixed and heated to 80 占 폚. The residue originates from the water content of the raw material.

The PIB was placed in a heated beaker, equipped with a high shear mixer (Polytron PT 10-35 GT) and set at a speed of 8000 to 10000 rpm. A mixture of polymer and nonionic surfactant was added at 80 DEG C and treated at this shear rate for 120 seconds without further heating. A homogeneous, highly concentrated emulsion is formed that is stable to phase-separation for more than two weeks.

Example HC2-HC12:

The following examples were prepared in a manner analogous to that described in Example H1, taking the polymers given in Table 3 below and the respective amounts. All emulsions HCl-HC12 can be diluted with water by simple low-shear stirring using a magnetic stirrer bar. The emulsion stability was evaluated by visual inspection after 4 hours and 14 days. The emulsion is graded to be "homogeneous" (H in Table 3) when visually observable creaming / sedimentation and adhesion and phase separation can not be observed; Creaming (CR) was observed, but the emulsion was rated as "creaming" when the homogeneous emulsion could be reformed by low-shear agitation. The emulsion was rated "phase separated" (PS) when the oil phase was reformed and the emulsion could not easily be hypo-lowered by simple low-shear stirring.

[Table 3]

Comparative Example:

Comparative Example HC11:

Polyisobutene (PIB) (molecular weight 1000 g / mol) (17.5 parts by weight) and paraffin oil (17.5 parts by weight) were mixed and the mixture was heated to 80 ° C.

(1.75 parts per weight, calculated on the active content) of the DADMAC and acrylic acid CP1 and the nonionic surfactant C10-gerba alcohol alkoxylate (HLB 12.5, 8.8 parts per weight) were dissolved in deionized water (54.4 parts per weight ) And heated to 80 < 0 > C.

The PIB / paraffin mixture was placed in a heated beaker, connected with Ultraturrax equipped with Shear-Head T50, and set at a speed of 5000 to 6000 rpm. A mixture of water, polymer and nonionic surfactant was added at 80 DEG C and emulsified for 120 seconds without further heating. The resulting mixture showed a creaming immediately after emulsification and was separated into a clear white watery phase and a white high-viscous phase in the bottom. After stirring, the creaming immediately reappears.

Comparative Example HC12:

Polyisobutene (PIB) (molecular weight 1000 g / mol) (17.5 parts by weight) and paraffin oil (17.5 parts by weight) were mixed and the mixture was heated to 80 ° C.

(1.75 parts by weight, calculated on the active content) of DADMAC and acrylic acid CP2 and nonionic surfactant C10-gerba alcohol alkoxylate (HLB 12.5, 8.8 parts by weight) were dissolved in deionized water (54.4 parts by weight ) And heated to 80 < 0 > C.

The PIB / paraffin mixture was placed in a heated beaker, connected with Ultraturrax equipped with Shear-Head T50, and set at a speed of 5000 to 6000 rpm. A mixture of water, polymer and nonionic surfactant was added at 80 DEG C and emulsified for 120 seconds without further heating. The resulting mixture appeared to cream after about 4 hours and was separated into a clear white water phase and an upper white viscous phase. After stirring, the creaming immediately reappears.

Comparative Example HC13:

Polyisobutene (PIB) (molecular weight 1000 g / mol) (17.5 parts by weight) and paraffin oil (17.5 parts by weight) were mixed and the mixture was heated to 80 ° C.

DADMAC homopolymer CP3 (commercially available poly-DADMAC sample, commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, for example, number 522376 or 409014, CAS- # 26062-79-3) (1.75 parts per weight, calculated as active content) (HLB 12.5, 8.8 parts by weight) were mixed with deionized water (54.4 parts by weight) and heated to 80 占 폚.

The PIB / paraffin mixture was placed in a heated beaker, connected with Ultraturrax equipped with Shear-Head T50, and set at a speed of 5000 to 6000 rpm. A mixture of water, polymer and nonionic surfactant was added at 80 DEG C and emulsified for 120 seconds without further heating. The resulting mixture appeared creaming after emulsification and was separated into a clear white water phase and a white high viscosity phase in the bottom. After stirring, the creaming immediately reappears.

Additional emulsification experiments:

Experiment A:

Paraffin (35.0 parts by weight) was heated to 80 占 폚. Polymer P1 (5 parts per weight, calculated as active content) and nonionic surfactant C10-gewever alcohol alkoxylate (HLB 12.5, 8.8 parts by weight) were mixed with deionized water (51.2 parts by weight) 80 C < / RTI >

Paraffin was placed in a heated beaker, connected to Ultraturrax equipped with Shear-Head T50, and set at a speed of 5000 to 6000 rpm. A mixture of water, polymer and nonionic surfactant was added at 80 DEG C and emulsified for 120 seconds without further heating. A stable, homogeneous paraffin emulsion was formed for phase-separation over two weeks.

Experiment B:

Corn oil (35.0 parts per weight) was heated to 80 < 0 > C. Polymer P1 (5 parts per weight, calculated as active ingredient) and nonionic surfactant C10-gewever alcohol alkoxylate (HLB 12.5, 8.8 parts per weight) were mixed with deionized water (51.2 parts per weight) 80 C < / RTI >

The corn oil was placed in a heated beaker, connected to an Ultraturrax equipped with a Shear-Head T50, and set at a speed of 5000 to 6000 rpm. A mixture of water, polymer and nonionic surfactant was added at 80 DEG C and emulsified for 120 seconds without further heating. A stable, homogeneous paraffin emulsion was formed for phase-separation over two weeks.

Experiment C:

Soybean oil (35.0 parts by weight) was heated to 80 占 폚. Polymer P1 (5 parts per weight, calculated as active content) and nonionic surfactant C10-gewever alcohol alkoxylate (HLB 12.5, 8.8 parts by weight) were mixed with deionized water (51.2 parts by weight) 80 C < / RTI >

The soybean oil was placed in a heated beaker, connected to an Ultraturrax equipped with a sheer-head T50, and set at a speed of 5000 to 6000 rpm. A mixture of water, polymer and nonionic surfactant was added at 80 DEG C and emulsified for 120 seconds without further heating. A stable homogeneous paraffin emulsion was formed for phase-separation over 2 weeks.

The following example formulations containing the emulsions of the present invention were made:

Preparation of standard liquid detergent formulation (A):

The liquid detergent fabric care compositions of Example A were made by mixing in the proportions indicated with the components listed below;

One Shell Chemicals , Houston , TX  Marketed.

2 Sasol Chemicals , Johannesburg , South Africa  On the market,

4 Evonik Corporation , Hopewell , VA . On the market,

5 The Procter  & Gamble Company , Cincinnati , OH  On the market,

6 Sigma Aldrich chemicals , Milwaukee , WI  On the market,

7 Genencor International , South San Francisco , CA . On the market,

8 Ciba Specialty Chemicals , High Point , NC  On the market,

9 - NH  20 per one Ethoxylate  Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > g / mol  Molecular weight polyethyleneimine core ( BASF  ( Ludwigshafen , Germany ) Commercial).

Preparation of Standard Liquid Fabric Enhancer Formulation (B):

A rinse-assisted fabric care composition was prepared by mixing together the following ingredients:

1. N, N-di ( Tallow oil oxyethyl ) -N, N dimethyl ammonium chloride, Evonik  Corporation, Hopewell , VA . On the market,

2. BASF  ( Ludwigshafen , Germany ) Commercially available,

3. Sigma Aldrich chemicals , Milwaukee , WI  On the market,

4. Cationic Polyacrylamide  Polymers such as Sedipur ® 544  Product names BASF, AG , From Ludwigshafen  Commercially available Acrylamide /[2-( Acrylic oil amino ) Ethyl] tri- Methylammonium  Chloride ( Quadrification  dimethyl Aminoethyl Acrylate ) Copolymer

5. Appleton Paper of Appleton , WI  On the market,

6. Shin - Etsu Silicones , Akron , OH  Market Amino-functional  silicon.

Claims (15)

Based on the total weight of the emulsion, of an emulsion comprising:
a) an oil (s) in an amount of from 2 to 75% by weight,
b) a polymeric cationic emulsifier Px in an amount of 0.05 to 40% by weight, wherein Px is the following polymerization product:
A) at least one cationic ethylenically unsaturated monomer (monomer A),
B) one or more linear or branched alkyl (meth) acrylates (monomer B),
C) from 0 to 30% by weight of at least one C3-C8 monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (monomer C),
c) from 0 to 25% by weight of surfactant (s) Sx,
d) from 0 to 20% by weight of the additive (s) Ax, and
e) 10 to 97.95% by weight of water. The emulsion of claim 1, wherein the components are present independently of each other in the following amounts, based on the total weight of the emulsion:
a) an oil (s) in an amount of 5 to 50% by weight,
b) an amount of polymeric cationic emulsifier Px in an amount of 0.5 to 30% by weight, wherein Px is the polymerization product,
A) one or more monomers A,
B) one or more monomers B,
C) 0 to 30% by weight of one or more monomers C,
c) 0.1 to 20% by weight of the surfactant (s) Sx,
d) 0.1 to 15% by weight of the additive (s) Ax, and
e) water in an amount of 30 to 90% by weight. 3. Emulsion according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the components are present independently of one another in the following amounts based on the total weight of the emulsion:
a) an oil (s) in an amount of from 10 to 40% by weight,
b) from 0.5 to 15% by weight of the polymeric cationic emulsifier Px, wherein Px is the following polymerization product:
A) one or more monomers A,
B) one or more monomers B,
C) from 0 to 30 mass% of one or more monomers C,
c) 0.1 to 15% by weight of surfactant (s) Sx,
d) 1 to 10% by weight of the additive (s) Ax,
e) Water in an amount of from 40 to 85% by weight. 4. Emulsion according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the components are present independently of one another in the following amounts based on the total weight of the emulsion:
a) an oil (s) in an amount of 15 to 30% by weight,
b) 0.5 to 5% by weight of the polymeric cationic emulsifying agent Px, wherein Px is the following polymerization product:
A) one or more monomers A,
B) one or more monomers B,
C) 0 to 30% by weight of one or more monomers C,
c) 0.5 to 10% by weight of the surfactant (s) Sx,
d) 2 to 8% by weight of the additive (s) Ax,
e) Water in an amount of 50 to 80% by weight. 5. Emulsion according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the oil (s) is selected from the group consisting of:
a1) polyolefin,
a2) silicone oil,
a3) natural oil (s),
a4) Mineral oil having boiling point at atmospheric pressure of 150 DEG C or higher,
a5) esters of C10- to C26-carboxylic acids with C8-C24-alcohols,
And / or mixtures thereof. 6. The emulsion according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the oil (s) is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene and polyisobutene. 7. The emulsion according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the polymeric cationic emulsifier PX is a polymeric product of the following:
A) 60 to 95% by weight of monomers A,
B) 5 to 45% by weight of monomer B,
C) 0 to 30% by weight of a monomer C. 8. The emulsion according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the polymeric cationic emulsifier PX is a polymeric product of the following:
A) diallyldimethylammonium chloride,
B) one or more linear or branched C12-C20 alkyl (meth) acrylates,
C) 0 to 30% by weight of acrylic acid. 8. The emulsion according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the polymeric cationic emulsifier PX is a polymeric product of the following:
A) diallyldimethylammonium chloride,
B) lauryl acrylate,
C) 0 to 30% by weight of acrylic acid. 10. An emulsion according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the surfactant (s) Sx is selected from the group consisting of:
c1) a nonionic surfactant,
c2) an anionic surfactant, and
c3) Cationic surfactant. 11. The emulsion according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the content of organic solvent is less than 50 mg / kg of emulsion. Process for the preparation of an emulsion according to any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising the following steps: combining the oil (s), the polymer (s) Px, water and optionally the surfactant (s) Sx and the additive Ax Step, and homogenizing said components in a mechanical mixer without the use of a solvent. Chemical technology application of any one of claims 1 to 11 in water, car wash, cosmetics, plant protection, manufacture and processing of paper, textiles and leather, adhesives, dyes and pigment formulations, coatings, The use of an emulsion according to any one of the preceding claims. Polymer Px as the following polymerization product:
A) diallyldimethylammonium chloride,
B) Lauryl acrylate. Polymer Px as the following polymerization product:
A) diallyldimethylammonium chloride,
B) linear or branched C12-C20 alkyl (meth) acrylates,
C) Acrylic acid.