KR20140085639A - System for analyzing and controlling the operating condition of a turbo-type chiller - Google Patents

System for analyzing and controlling the operating condition of a turbo-type chiller Download PDF

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KR20140085639A
KR20140085639A KR1020120153273A KR20120153273A KR20140085639A KR 20140085639 A KR20140085639 A KR 20140085639A KR 1020120153273 A KR1020120153273 A KR 1020120153273A KR 20120153273 A KR20120153273 A KR 20120153273A KR 20140085639 A KR20140085639 A KR 20140085639A
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reference value
condenser
pressure
gas
refrigerant
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KR1020120153273A
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Korean (ko)
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백원종
이보희
이범석
김재섭
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한전케이피에스 주식회사
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/04Refrigerant level

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)

Abstract

In order to guarantee automatic start-up of a turbo cooler which maintains constant temperature and humidity to prevent erroneous operation in a main control room of a nuclear power plant, a system for controlling a cooler according to the present invention comprises a vacuum pump connected to the upper part of an oil separator of the cooler to control pressure of a condenser; an operating unit for operating or stopping the vacuum pump in order to maintain pressure of the condenser at a certain first reference value; a bleeding device which separates non-condensing gas and refrigerant gas which are introduced through the vacuum pump, and which discharges the non-condensing gas to the outside and recovers liquid refrigerant with a recovery device when pressure exceeds a second reference value; and a cooling device for cooling and condensing refrigerant introduced to the bleeding device, thereby always maintaining pressure of the condenser as the first reference value to automatically start up the cooler when necessary.

Description

터보형 냉방기 운전상태 진단 및 제어 시스템{System for analyzing and controlling the operating condition of a turbo-type chiller}[0001] The present invention relates to a system and method for operating a turbocharged cooler,

본 발명은 냉방기에 관한 것으로서, 특히 원자력 발전소의 주제어실 등에서 제어기기의 오동작을 방지하기 위해서 온도와 습도를 일정하게 유지시켜 주는 터보형 냉방기에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cooling device, and more particularly, to a turbo-type cooling device that maintains a constant temperature and humidity in order to prevent malfunction of a control device in a main control room of a nuclear power plant.

발전소의 가동 중에 냉방기의 고장은 주제어실 내의 컴퓨터와 같은 발전소 제어장치들의 오동작을 유발하여 발전소의 가동중지를 초래하는 원인 중 하나다. 특히 필수 냉방기는 발전소의 중요 계통들에 계열별로 2대씩 설치되어 각 계통에 냉각수를 공급하게끔 되어 있다. 또한, 냉방기는 발전에 관련된 장치들이 동작 이상으로 인해 과열될 경우에는 중요한 냉각원의 역할을 한다. 이렇게 중요한 역할을 냉방기가 하기 때문에, 계열별로 설치된 2대가 동시에 정지하게 되면 그 즉시 담당자가 대한민국 교육과학기술부에 보고함과 동시에 발전소운영 기술지침서에 따라서 적절한 조치를 해야 한다.Failure of the air conditioner during operation of the power plant causes malfunction of the power plant control devices such as the computer in the main control room, which is one of the causes of shutdown of the power plant. Especially, the essential coolers are installed in two important systems of the power plant in order to supply cooling water to each system. In addition, the air conditioner plays a role as an important cooling source when the devices related to power generation are overheated due to abnormal operation. Since the air conditioner plays such an important role, if two units installed at the same time stop at the same time, the responsible person should report to the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of the Republic of Korea and take appropriate measures in accordance with the operation manual of the power plant.

특히, 냉방기가 진공압력이 파괴된 상태에서 가동되면 응축기의 고압력 오류 현상이 발생하거나, 퍼지계통을 통해서 냉매가 외부로 누설되는 손실이 일어나고, 응축기의 고압현상이 일어나면 증발기의 압력이 내려가면서 증발기의 냉수온도 상승 등의 현상이 일어난다. 이런 상태에서 냉방기의 동작을 정상으로 돌려놓기 위해서는 막대한 작업시간이 소요된다. 이런 경우에 미숙련 운전원을 정비에 실패하여 냉방기의 가동을 중단시키는 일이 빈번하게 발생한다.Particularly, when the cooler is operated in a state in which the vacuum pressure is broken, a high pressure error phenomenon of the condenser occurs, a loss of the refrigerant leaking through the purge system occurs, and when the high pressure phenomenon of the condenser occurs, A phenomenon such as an increase in cold water temperature occurs. In such a situation, it takes a lot of time to return the operation of the cooler to normal. In this case, it is often the case that unskilled operators fail to maintain their operation and cease operation of the air conditioner.

또한, 계열별로 설치된 두 대 중에서 가동 중인 한 대가 비정상상태가 되어 나머지 한 대가 운전교체를 하였는데, 이마저도 응축기 고압 오류로 가동 중단이 될 경우에는 담당자가 즉시 교육과학기술부로 보고함과 동시에 운영기술지침서에 따른 조처를 취해야 한다. 이것은 정주기 자동기동시험 수행과정에서 응축기의 고압력 오류에 의해 냉방기가 기동중단될 경우에도 해당된다.In addition, if one of the two units installed in each system is in an abnormal state and the other one is replaced by a new one, and the operation is stopped due to a high pressure error of the condenser, the person in charge immediately reports to the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, And take measures accordingly. This is also the case when the air conditioner is shut down due to a high pressure error of the condenser during the periodic automatic start test.

현재, 한국형 표준원전 2기당 14대의 터보형 냉방기가 설치되어 가동 중에 있으나, 대기 중인 냉방기가 안정적인 상태로 자동기동을 할 수 있도록 보장하는 장치는 되어 있지 않다. 냉방기가 운전 중 외부로의 냉매누설 또는 비응축 가스 등으로 인해 냉매압력이 적절히 유지되지 않으면 불안정한 상태가 되어 파손될 가능성이 커지고 냉방성능이 저하된다. 이것을 예방하기 위해 2대의 냉방기를 1개월 주기로 교체운전을 하게 된다.Currently, there are 14 turbo-type air-conditioners installed per 2 Korean-standard nuclear reactors, but there is no device to guarantee that the air-conditioners in standby can be operated in a stable state automatically. If the refrigerant pressure is not properly maintained due to the leakage of refrigerant to the outside or non-condensing gas during operation, the refrigerant becomes unstable and becomes more likely to be damaged and the cooling performance deteriorates. In order to prevent this, two coolers are exchanged every 1 month.

미국특허 제6,269,867호U.S. Patent No. 6,269,867

없음none

본 발명의 목적은 원자력 발전소의 주제어실 등에서 제어기기의 오동작을 방지하기 위해서 온도와 습도를 일정하게 유지시켜 주는 터보형 냉방기의 진공압력의 파괴를 방지하는 수단을 제공하는 것이다.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide means for preventing breakdown of a vacuum pressure of a turbo-type cooler which maintains a constant temperature and humidity in order to prevent malfunction of a control device in a main control room of a nuclear power plant.

본 발명의 다른 목적은 응축기의 고압력 오류 현상을 방지하는 수단을 제공하는 것이다.It is another object of the present invention to provide a means for preventing the high pressure error phenomenon of the condenser.

본 발명의 또 다른 목적은 두 대의 냉방기의 주기적인 교체가동을 보장하는 수단을 제공하는 것이다.It is a further object of the present invention to provide means for ensuring periodic alternating operation of two coolers.

본 발명의 또 다른 목적은 냉매압력이 적절히 유지되도록 보장하는 수단을 제공하는 것이다.It is another object of the present invention to provide a means for ensuring that the refrigerant pressure is properly maintained.

본 발명에 의한 냉방기 제어시스템은 원자력 발전소의 주제어실 등에서 제어기기의 오동작을 방지하기 위해서 온도와 습도를 일정하게 유지시켜 주는 터보형 냉방기의 자동기동을 보장하기 위해서, 냉방기의 오일분리기 상부에 연결되어 응축기의 압력을 조절하기 위한 진공펌프, 응축기의 압력을 일정한 제1기준치로 유지하기 위해서 진공펌프를 동작시키거나 정지시키는 구동부, 진공펌프를 통해서 들어온 비응축가스와 냉매가스를 분리하여 비응축가스는 제2기준치를 초과하면 외부로 배출하고 액냉매는 회수장치로 회수되도록 하는 추기장치, 및 추기장치에 들어온 냉매를 냉각하여 응축하는 냉각장치로 구성하여 응축기의 압력을 언제나 제1기준치로 유지시켜 필요시에 냉방기가 자동으로 가동되도록 한 것이다.In order to prevent malfunction of the control device in the main control room of the nuclear power plant, the control system of the cooler according to the present invention is connected to the upper part of the oil separator of the cooler so as to ensure the automatic start of the turbo- A vacuum pump for controlling the pressure of the condenser, a driving unit for operating or stopping the vacuum pump to maintain the pressure of the condenser at a first predetermined reference value, a non-condensing gas and a refrigerant gas introduced through the vacuum pump, And a refrigerating device for condensing the refrigerant introduced into the additional device, so that the pressure of the condenser is always maintained at the first reference value, and if necessary, So that the air conditioner is automatically operated.

바람직하게는, 진공펌프는 제1솔레노이드밸브에 의해서 개폐되도록 한다. 추기장치에 들어온 액냉매가 회수장치로 회수되는 때는 그 양이 일정한 기준치 이상일 경우이며, 액냉매의 양은 부유센서로 검출토록 한다. 추기장치가 비응축가스를 외부로 배출하는 것은 제2솔레노이드밸브로 하고, 액냉매를 회수장치로 보내는 것은 제3솔레노이드밸브로 한다.Preferably, the vacuum pump is opened and closed by a first solenoid valve. When the amount of the liquid refrigerant entering the addition device is recovered to the recovery device, the amount of the liquid refrigerant is detected by the floating sensor. It is the second solenoid valve that discharges the non-condensable gas to the outside by the add-on device, and the third solenoid valve which sends the liquid refrigerant to the recovery device.

또한, 본 발명은 원자력 발전소의 주제어실 등에서 제어기기의 오동작을 방지하기 위해서 온도와 습도를 일정하게 유지시켜 주는 터보형 냉방기에서,응축기의 현재압력을 기준치와 비교하고, 응축기의 현재압력이 제1기준치보다 높으면 비응축가스와 냉액매를 배출하여 응축기의 압력을 제1기준치로 낮추고, 비응축가스는 제2기준치를 초과하면 외부로 배출하고 액냉매는 제3기준치를 초과하면 회수하는 단계들로 구성하여 응축기의 압력을 언제나 제1기준치로 유지시켜 필요시에 냉방기가 자동으로 가동되도록 하는 냉방기 제어방법을 제공한다.The present invention also relates to a turbo-type cooler for maintaining a constant temperature and humidity in a main control room of a nuclear power plant to prevent a malfunction of a control device. In the turbo-type cooler, the present pressure of the condenser is compared with a reference value, The condensed gas is discharged to the outside when the non-condensed gas exceeds the second reference value, and is recovered when the liquid refrigerant exceeds the third reference value. Thereby maintaining the pressure of the condenser at the first reference value at all times, thereby automatically activating the air conditioner when necessary.

원자력 발전소의 주제어실 등에서 제어기기의 오동작을 방지하기 위해서 온도와 습도를 일정하게 유지시켜 주는 터보형 냉방기의 응축기의 고압력 오류 현상을 방지하여 두 대의 냉방기의 주기적인 교체가동을 안정적으로 보장하는 수단을 제공하는 것이다. 진공펌프 배출 측 냉매를 응축, 액냉매 상태로 회수/활용함으로써 환경보호.In order to prevent the malfunction of the control device in the main control room of the nuclear power plant, it is possible to prevent the high pressure error phenomenon of the condenser of the turbo-type cooler which keeps the temperature and humidity constant, thereby providing a means for stably ensuring the periodic replacement operation of the two coolers . Condensate the refrigerant discharged from the vacuum pump and recover / utilize it as a liquid refrigerant to protect the environment.

제1도는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 의한 냉방기 제어시스템의 구성을 도시한 개략도.
제2도는 제1도에 도시한 본 발명의 구성을 더욱 구체적으로 나타낸 도면.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a configuration of a cooler control system according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
FIG. 2 is a more detailed view of the configuration of the present invention shown in FIG. 1; FIG.

이하 본 발명에 관해서 첨부한 도면을 예로 들어 더욱 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

제1도를 보면, 본 발명에 의한 냉방기 제어시스템은 냉방기의 오일분리기 상부에 응축기의 압력을 조절하기 위한 진공펌프(100)를 연결한다. 진공펌프(100)는 구동부(PT-01, RTD-01, SV-01)에 의해서 개폐되어 응축기의 압력을 일정한 제1기준치로 유지한다. 구동부는 제1압력검출기(PT-01), 제1RTD검출기(RTD-01), 및 제1솔레노이드밸브(SV-01; 제2도에서 02로 표시함)로 구성한다. 응축기의 압력이 제1압력전달계에 설정된 압력 P1에 도달하면 제1솔레노이드밸브가 닫히고 진공펌프도 정지한다. 그러나, 응축기의 압력이 P1을 초과하면 제1솔레노이드밸브가 열리면서 진공펌프(100)가 동작을 개시하며 비응축가스와 냉매가스를 퍼낸다.Referring to FIG. 1, a cooler control system according to the present invention connects a vacuum pump 100 for controlling a pressure of a condenser to an upper portion of an oil separator of a cooler. The vacuum pump 100 is opened and closed by the driving units PT-01, RTD-01, and SV-01 to maintain the pressure of the condenser at a first predetermined reference value. The driving unit includes a first pressure detector PT-01, a first RTD detector RTD-01, and a first solenoid valve SV-01 (denoted as 02 in FIG. 2). When the pressure of the condenser reaches the pressure P1 set in the first pressure delivery system, the first solenoid valve is closed and the vacuum pump is also stopped. However, when the pressure of the condenser exceeds P1, the first solenoid valve is opened, and the vacuum pump 100 starts to operate, thereby discharging the non-condensing gas and the refrigerant gas.

추기장치(300)는 진공펌프(100)를 통해서 들어온 비응축가스와 냉매가스를 분리하여 비응축가스는 제2기준치를 초과하면 외부로 배출하고 액냉매는 회수장치(500)로 회수되도록 하는 것이다. 추기장치(300)에 들어온 냉매는 냉각장치(400)에서 냉각되어 응축된다.The addition device 300 separates the non-condensing gas and the refrigerant gas entering through the vacuum pump 100 and discharges the non-condensing gas to the outside when the second condensing gas exceeds the second reference value, and the liquid refrigerant is recovered to the recovery device 500 . The refrigerant entering the addition device 300 is cooled in the cooling device 400 and condensed.

도면에서 제2기준치는 제2압력검출(PT-02)에 설정되며, 비응축가스의 압력이 제2기준치(P2)를 초과하면 제2솔레노이드밸브(SV-02; 제2도에서 11로 표시함)를 통해서 외부로 배출된다. 추기장치(300)에 들어온 액냉매가 회수장치로 회수되는 때는 그 양이 제3기준치(P3) 이상일 경우이며, 액냉매의 양은 부유센서(301)로 검출한다. 액냉매가 제3기준치를 초과하면 제3솔레노이드밸브(SV-03; 제2도에서 19로 표시함)가 열리면서 회수장치(500)로 배출된다.In the drawing, the second reference value is set to the second pressure detection (PT-02), and when the pressure of the non-condensing gas exceeds the second reference value P2, the second solenoid valve SV- And is discharged to the outside. When the amount of the liquid refrigerant entering the addition device 300 is recovered to the recovery device, the quantity is equal to or greater than the third reference value P3, and the amount of the liquid refrigerant is detected by the floating sensor 301. [ When the liquid refrigerant exceeds the third reference value, the third solenoid valve SV-03 (indicated by 19 in FIG. 2) is opened and discharged to the recovery apparatus 500.

원전 내 운전대기 중인 냉방기의 응축기의 압력이 누설 등에 의해서 압력이 상승된 경우 이를 기준치가 되도록 제어하여 필요시에 안정적으로 자동기동되도록 한다.When the pressure of the condenser of the cooling machine in the nuclear reactor is increased due to leakage or the like, it is controlled so as to be a reference value and stably and automatically started when necessary.

100: 진공펌프
300: 추기장치
301: 부유센서
400: 냉각장치
500: 회수장치
SV-01, SV-01, SV-03: 제1, 2, 3솔레노이드밸브
100: Vacuum pump
300: additional device
301: Suspension sensor
400: cooling device
500: Collecting device
SV-01, SV-01, SV-03: 1st, 2nd and 3rd solenoid valves

Claims (5)

원자력 발전소의 주제어실 등에서 제어기기의 오동작을 방지하기 위해서 온도와 습도를 일정하게 유지시켜 주는 터보형 냉방기에서, 상기 냉방기의 오일분리기 상부에 연결되어 응축기의 압력을 조절하기 위한 진공펌프, 상기 응축기의 압력을 일정한 제1기준치로 유지하기 위해서 상기 진공펌프를 동작시키거나 정지시키는 구동부, 상기 진공펌프를 통해서 들어온 비응축가스와 냉매가스를 분리하여 비응축가스는 제2기준치를 초과하면 외부로 배출하고 액냉매는 회수장치로 회수되도록 하는 추기장치, 및 추기장치에 들어온 냉매를 냉각하여 응축하는 냉각장치로 구성하여 응축기의 압력을 언제나 제1기준치로 유지시켜 필요시에 냉방기가 자동으로 가동되도록 함을 특징으로 하는 냉방기 제어시스템.A turbocharger for maintaining a constant temperature and humidity in a main control room of a nuclear power plant to prevent malfunction of a control device, a vacuum pump connected to an upper part of the oil separator of the cooler to adjust a pressure of the condenser, A non-condensing gas and a refrigerant gas introduced through the vacuum pump are separated from each other, and when the non-condensing gas exceeds a second reference value, the gas is discharged to the outside, And a cooling device for condensing the refrigerant by cooling the refrigerant introduced into the additional device, so that the pressure of the condenser is always maintained at the first reference value, and the air conditioner is automatically activated when necessary And a controller for controlling the air conditioner. 제1항에서, 상기 진공펌프는 제1솔레노이드밸브에 의해서 개폐되도록 한 냉방기 제어시스템.The cooler control system according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum pump is opened or closed by a first solenoid valve. 제2항에서, 상기 추기장치에 들어온 액냉매가 회수장치로 회수되는 때는 그 양이 제3기준치 이상일 경우이며, 상기 액냉매의 양은 부유센서로 검출토록 한냉방기 제어시스템.The system according to claim 2, wherein when the amount of the liquid refrigerant entering the additional device is equal to or greater than a third reference value when the liquid refrigerant is recovered to the recovery device, the amount of the liquid refrigerant is detected by the floating sensor. 제3항에서, 상기 추기장치가 비응축가스를 외부로 배출하는 것은 제2솔레노이드밸브로 하고, 액냉매를 회수장치로 보내는 것은 제3솔레노이드밸브로 한 냉방기 제어시스템.The cooling system control system according to claim 3, wherein said additional device is a second solenoid valve for discharging the non-condensable gas to the outside, and the third solenoid valve is for sending the liquid refrigerant to the recovery device. 원자력 발전소의 주제어실 등에서 제어기기의 오동작을 방지하기 위해서 온도와 습도를 일정하게 유지시켜 주는 터보형 냉방기에서,상기 응축기의 현재압력을 기준치와 비교하고, 응축기의 현재압력이 제1기준치보다 높으면 비응축가스와 냉액매를 배출하여 응축기의 압력을 제1기준치로 낮추고, 상기 비응축가스는 제2기준치를 초과하면 외부로 배출하고 상기 액냉매는 제3기준치를 초과하면 회수하는 단계들로 구성하여 상기 응축기의 압력을 언제나 제1기준치로 유지시켜 필요시에 냉방기가 자동으로 가동되도록 하는 냉방기 제어방법.The present pressure of the condenser is compared with a reference value in a turbo-type cooler which keeps temperature and humidity constant in order to prevent malfunction of the control device in a main control room of a nuclear power plant. When the present pressure of the condenser is higher than the first reference value, Gas and cold liquid are discharged to lower the pressure of the condenser to a first reference value, and when the non-condensed gas exceeds a second reference value, the liquid refrigerant is discharged to the outside, and when the liquid refrigerant exceeds the third reference value, Maintaining the pressure of the condenser at the first reference value at all times so that the air conditioner is automatically activated when necessary.
KR1020120153273A 2012-12-26 2012-12-26 System for analyzing and controlling the operating condition of a turbo-type chiller KR20140085639A (en)

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