KR20140002134A - High efficiency hybrid cooling/heating water apparatus with absorption type - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a high-efficiency hybrid absorbing type cold-and-hot water dispenser using solar energy which includes an evaporator generating refrigerant steam by evaporating condensed refrigerant and produces cold water with latent heat; an absorber which absorbs the refrigerant steam has flown from the evaporator; a solar regenerator which separates the refrigerant steam from absorptive solution transferred from the absorber by using hot water supplied from a heat storage tank; a solar condenser which condenses the refrigerant steam transferred from the solar regenerator by using air or cooling water; a high-temperature regenerator which heats the absorptive solution transferred from the absorber and separates the same into high refrigerant steam and the absorptive solution; a low-temperature regenerator which heats the absorptive solution transferred from the absorber by using the refrigerant steam of high temperatures transferred from the high-temperature regenerator and separates the same into the refrigerant steam and the absorptive solution; a condenser which cools the refrigerant steam transferred from the high-temperature regenerator and low-temperature generator by using air and the cooling water and condenses the refrigerant steam; and a control board which enables the efficient operation by controlling a pump and valve by using the temperature sensor.

Description

HIGH EFFICIENCY HYBRID ABSORBER COOLING & HEAVY COOLING / HEATING WATER APPARATUS WITH ABSORPTION TYPE}

The present invention relates to a hybrid absorption chiller using solar heat, and more particularly, to a hybrid absorption chiller that can efficiently perform cooling, heating and hot water using solar heat.

In general, absorption type air-conditioning system is a system for heating and cooling a building by using a heat source such as gas or steam, and recently, technology related to absorption type air-conditioning system using solar heat has been widely used.

As such, in the case of using solar heat for cooling and heating, not only the operation cost is reduced during the summer when the solar intensity is high, and there is an advantage of preventing the global warming and the environment-friendly because it does not use fossil fuel.

Referring to FIG. 1, a conventional absorption type heating and cooling system 1 using solar heat includes a heat collector 20 for collecting solar heat, a heat storage tank 30 in which water heated by heat collected from the heat collector 20 is stored, and An absorption chiller 10 generates cold water by using hot water stored in the heat storage tank 30, and an air conditioner 40 that cools air by heat-exchanging with cold water generated by the absorbent chilled water heater 10.

However, when solar radiation is insufficient or no solar radiation, since the temperature of hot water does not rise and the refrigerant vapor is not separated smoothly from the absorption chiller 10, the cooling and heating system is not driven. Since the heat source equipment can only be used, for example, the water heated by the boiler 50 is stored in the auxiliary tank 51 and the water stored in the auxiliary tank 51 increases the temperature of the hot water in the heat storage tank 30. Used for.

However, since the thermal efficiency of the boiler 50 is only about 0.6, the thermal efficiency is very low, the implementation of cooling and heating is complicated, the installation and maintenance costs are increased, and the amount of insolation is low or there is no insolation. Since there is no hot water supply function in itself, there is a problem that a separate hot water boiler must be provided.

The present invention has been made in order to solve all the above problems, using solar heat as the main heat source, even if the solar radiation is insufficient or no amount of insolation by adding its own heat source without adding auxiliary heat source equipment cooling and heating as well as hot water supply It can be operated with one hot and cold water heater, which not only can greatly increase the thermal efficiency of the absorption chiller, but also can efficiently control the cooling, heating and hot water load to minimize heat loss, and can simultaneously use hot water when cooling or heating. The aim is to provide a high efficiency hybrid absorption chiller and hot water heater with low installation, maintenance and cost.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an evaporator for generating a refrigerant vapor by evaporating the condensed refrigerant liquid and generating cold water by latent heat; An absorber for absorbing the refrigerant vapor introduced from the evaporator into the absorbent liquid; A solar regenerator separating the refrigerant vapor from the absorption solution transferred from the absorber using hot water supplied from the heat storage tank; A solar condenser for condensing refrigerant vapor delivered from the solar regenerator using air or cooling water; A high temperature regenerator for heating the absorption solution delivered from the absorber by using a heating source to separate the refrigerant vapor with the high temperature refrigerant and the absorption liquid; A low temperature regenerator for heating the absorption solution transferred from the absorber by using the high temperature refrigerant vapor transferred from the high temperature regenerator to separate the refrigerant vapor and the absorption liquid; A condenser for cooling and condensing refrigerant vapor delivered from the high temperature regenerator and the low temperature regenerator using air or cooling water; And a control panel for controlling an operation of the pump and the valve by using a temperature sensor to control an efficient driving operation.

At this time, the present invention is a low-temperature heat exchanger in which the absorbent solution transferred from the absorber and the absorbent liquid of the low temperature regenerator; A high temperature heat exchanger in which the absorption liquid transferred to the high temperature regenerator and the absorption liquid of the high temperature regenerator are heat-exchanged; And a condensation heat exchanger in which the absorbent solution heat-exchanged in the low temperature heat exchanger and the absorbent liquid condensed while passing through the low temperature regenerator are heat-exchanged.

In addition, the present invention is installed downstream of the absorber is a solution circulation pump for circulating the absorbing solution of the absorber; A solution spray pump installed between the low temperature regenerator and the absorber to spray the absorbent liquid separated from the absorbent solution to the absorber; And a refrigerant pump in which the refrigerant vapor transfers and sprays the refrigerant condensed in the solar condenser or the condenser to the upper portion of the evaporator.

Furthermore, the present invention includes a first control valve (V1) for controlling the inflow of the absorbing solution from the absorber to the high temperature regenerator; A second control valve (V2) for controlling the inflow of the absorbing solution from the absorber to the low temperature regenerator; And a third control valve (V3) for controlling the inflow of the absorbing solution from the absorber to the solar regenerator.

In addition, the present invention is also characterized in that it further comprises a fourth control valve (V4) for controlling the inflow of the absorbing solution from the absorber to the condensation heat exchanger.

According to the present invention, even though solar heat is used as the main heat source, even if the amount of solar radiation is insufficient or the amount of solar radiation can be operated by one hot and cold water heater as well as cooling and heating by hot water supply without adding an auxiliary heat source facility. Not only can the heat efficiency of the hot and cold water heaters be greatly increased, but the heat loss can be minimized by efficiently controlling the cooling, heating, and hot water loads, the hot water can be used simultaneously when cooling or heating, and the installation and maintenance costs are low. .

In addition, the pump is composed of a solution circulation pump, a solution injection pump and a refrigerant pump to reduce the amount of electricity used, the structure of the pipe is simple, and the parallel flow structure, the probability of occurrence of crystallization due to over-concentration in the hybrid mode in series It is much lower, and stable performance can be obtained.

1 is a configuration of the absorption type heating and cooling system using solar heat according to the prior art.
Figure 2 is a block diagram of a high efficiency hybrid absorption type heating and cooling system to which the present invention is applied.
Figure 3 is a block diagram of a high efficiency hybrid absorption chiller hot water according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a block diagram of a high efficiency hybrid absorption cold and hot water heater according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The inventors of the present invention use a conventional absorption type cold and hot water heater using auxiliary heat source equipment such as a boiler when the amount of insolation is insufficient or insolation, the thermal efficiency is low, the implementation of cooling and heating is complicated, the installation and maintenance costs are increased, Recognizing that there are problems that need hot water boiler separately because it does not have hot water function by itself, and after research and efforts to solve the above problems, even though solar heat is used as the main heat source, It can operate not only cooling and heating but also hot water supply by one's own heat source without adding auxiliary heat source equipment. Therefore, it can not only increase the thermal efficiency of absorption type cold water heater but also efficiently control the cooling, heating and hot water load. Heat loss can be minimized. The present invention has been completed with a high efficiency hybrid absorption chiller, which can be used and has low installation and maintenance costs.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Hybrid heating and heating system to which the present invention is applied, as shown in Figure 2, the heat collector 20 for collecting solar heat, the heat storage tank 30 is stored by the heat collected by the heat collected in the heat collector 20, the heat storage tank And an air conditioner 40 for cooling the air by heat-exchanging with the cold water generated by the absorption chiller 10 using the hot water stored in the water 30 to generate cold water.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the absorption type cold and hot water machine 10 is a bar having a high efficiency hybrid absorption type hot and cold water heater 100. 140, a high temperature regenerator 150, a low temperature regenerator 160, a condenser 170, and a control panel (not shown), and include a low temperature heat exchanger 191, a high temperature heat exchanger 192, and a condensation heat exchanger ( 193) may be further included.

The evaporator 110 generates a refrigerant vapor by evaporating the condensed refrigerant and generates cold water by latent heat, that is, the refrigerant liquid condensed in the solar condenser 140 and the condenser 170 and depressurized by a refrigerant pump ) Is transferred to the upper part of the evaporator 110 and sprayed, and the refrigerant liquid is evaporated inside the evaporator 110 to generate a refrigerant vapor by latent heat. In this case, the refrigerant liquid is introduced from the air conditioner 40 while the refrigerant liquid evaporates. The cold water is taken away from the cold water, and the cold water is cooled, and the cold water is moved back to the air conditioner 40 and used for cooling the indoor air.

The absorber 120 functions to absorb the refrigerant vapor introduced from the evaporator 110 into the absorbent liquid, that is, the concentration supplied from the solar regenerator 130, the high temperature regenerator 150, the low temperature regenerator 160, and the like. Absorbed refrigerant vapor supplied from the evaporator 110 and absorbed and diluted by the absorber 120 are the solar regenerator 130, the high temperature regenerator 150, and the low temperature regenerator 160. ) And so on. In this case, in order to prevent the absorption rate of the refrigerant vapor from decreasing while the internal temperature of the absorber 120 is increased by the latent heat generated while absorbing the refrigerant vapor, the absorber 120 is cooling water supplied from a cooling tower (not shown). Is cooled.

In addition, the heat regenerated in the absorption process in the absorber 120 is discharged by the cooling water flowing into the tube of the absorber 120.

The solar regenerator 130 separates the refrigerant vapor from the absorption solution transferred from the absorber 120 by using hot water supplied from the heat storage tank 30. That is, the absorption solution introduced into the solar regenerator 130 is Heated by the hot water supplied from the heat storage tank 30, where the refrigerant vapor is separated and evaporated from the absorption solution is supplied to the solar condenser 140, the absorption liquid is evaporated refrigerant vapor is supplied to the absorber 120.

The solar condenser 140 condenses the refrigerant vapor delivered from the solar regenerator 130 using air or cooling water, and then transfers the condensed refrigerant liquid to the evaporator 110.

The high temperature regenerator 150 heats the absorption solution transferred from the absorber 120 using a heating source to separate the high temperature refrigerant vapor and the absorbent liquid, that is, the diluted absorption introduced into the high temperature regenerator 150. The solution is heated using a heating source 151 such as gas combustion, whereby a high temperature refrigerant vapor is separated and evaporated from the absorption solution, and the high temperature refrigerant vapor is cooled and condensed while passing through the low temperature regenerator 160. It flows into the condenser 170 in a liquid state.

The low temperature regenerator 160 uses the high temperature refrigerant vapor delivered from the high temperature regenerator 150 to heat the absorption solution transferred from the absorber 120 to separate the refrigerant vapor and the absorption liquid into a refrigerant circulation pump, that is, a solution circulation pump. As the diluted absorbing solution introduced from the absorber 120 to the low temperature regenerator 160 by the operation of P1 is heated by the high temperature coolant vapor supplied from the high temperature regenerator 150, the refrigerant vapor evaporates to absorb the absorbent liquid. And vaporized refrigerant vapor are supplied to the condenser 170, and the separated absorbent liquid is supplied to the absorber 120.

The condenser 170 cools and condenses the refrigerant vapor delivered from the high temperature regenerator 150 and the low temperature regenerator 160 using air or cooling water, and then transfers the condensed refrigerant liquid to the evaporator 110. .

The control panel (not shown) controls the operation of the efficient operation by controlling the opening and closing of the solenoid valve installed on the pipeline using a temperature sensor.

In addition, the high efficiency hybrid absorption cold / hot water heater 100 according to the present invention may further include a low temperature heat exchanger 191, a high temperature heat exchanger 192, and a condensation heat exchanger 193.

The low temperature heat exchanger 191 functions to heat-exchange the absorbent solution transferred from the absorber 120 and the absorbent liquid of the low temperature regenerator 160, and the high temperature heat exchanger 192 is connected to the high temperature from the absorber 120. The absorbent solution transferred to the regenerator 150 and the absorbent liquid separated from the high temperature regenerator 150 are heat-exchanged, and the condensation heat exchanger 193 absorbs the refrigerant vapor from the absorber 120 to dilute the concentration. The refrigerant solution in the liquid state condensed while passing through the absorption liquid and the low temperature regenerator 160 serves to heat exchange.

Then, a solution circulation pump (P1) is installed downstream of the absorber 120 to circulate the absorbing solution diluted in the absorber 120, the solution spray pump between the low temperature regenerator 160 and the absorber 120. (P2) is installed to transfer and spray the absorbent liquid separated from the absorbent solution to the absorber 120, the refrigerant pump (P3) is installed on the conduit connecting the upper and lower parts of the evaporator 110, the solar condenser 140 or the refrigerant liquid condensed in the condenser 170 is transferred to the upper portion of the evaporator 110 to be sprayed.

Further, the first control valve (V1) for controlling the inflow of the absorbent solution from the absorber 120 into the high temperature regenerator 150, and the low temperature regenerator 160 of the absorbent solution transferred from the absorber 120 A second control valve (V2) for controlling the inflow of the furnace, a third control valve (V3) for controlling the inflow of the absorption liquid transferred from the absorber (120) to the solar regenerator (130), and the absorber (120) It may further comprise a fourth control valve (V4) for controlling the inflow of the absorption solution transferred from the condensation heat exchanger (193).

Hereinafter, the operation of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

<Cooling>

First, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the amount of solar radiation is enough to be heated by the collector 20 and the temperature of the hot water stored in the heat storage tank 30 to operate the high efficiency hybrid absorption type cold and hot water heater 100 of the present invention. When detected by a temperature sensor installed in the heat storage tank 30 above a sufficient reference temperature, the refrigerant liquid supplied by the refrigerant pump P3 is evaporated from the evaporator 110 and supplied to the absorber 120 while providing an air conditioner ( The heat is taken out of the cold water introduced from 40) into cold water of low temperature, and this cold water is moved to the air conditioner 40 again and used for cooling the indoor air, thereby realizing cooling.

For continuous cooling, the control panel operates the solution circulation pump P1 and opens the third control valve V3 so that the absorbed solution diluted in the absorber 120 is supplied to the solar regenerator 130 and the remaining first control valve. (V1), the second control valve (V2) and the fourth control valve (V4) is shut off, so that the absorption solution is not supplied to the high temperature regenerator 150 and the low temperature regenerator 160, thereby minimizing heat loss, thereby enabling efficient operation. .

The absorption solution supplied to the solar regenerator 130 is heated by hot water supplied from the heat storage tank 30, the refrigerant vapor is separated and evaporated from the absorption solution and supplied to the solar condenser 140, and the solar condenser 140 is air. B) After condensing the refrigerant vapor by using the cooling water, the condensed refrigerant liquid is transferred to the evaporator 110, and the refrigerant vapor is evaporated and the remaining absorbent liquid is supplied to the absorber 120 to maintain a cooling cycle.

When the weather is cloudy or there is no solar radiation, such as after sunset, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor installed in the heat storage tank 30 is very low than the reference temperature sufficient to operate the high efficiency hybrid absorption type cold water heater 100 of the present invention. If it is determined that hot water is not available, the solar regenerator 130 cannot contribute to the operation of the absorption cold / hot water generator at all, so that the control panel operates the solution circulation pump P1 and controls the first control valve V1 and the second control. The absorbent solution diluted in the absorber 120 by opening the valve V2 and the fourth control valve V4 passes through the low temperature heat exchanger 191, the condensation heat exchanger 193, or the high temperature heat exchanger 192, and then the high temperature regenerator. 150 and the low temperature regenerator 160 are supplied in parallel, and the remaining third control valve V3 is shut off, so that the absorption solution is not supplied to the solar regenerator 130 to minimize heat loss, thereby providing efficient operation. It is.

The diluted absorbent solution introduced into the high temperature regenerator 150 is heated by a heating source 151 such as gas combustion, and the hot refrigerant vapor generated by evaporation in the high temperature regenerator 150 passes through the low temperature regenerator 160. While condensing and flowing into the condenser 170 in a liquid state, the diluent solution supplied to the low temperature regenerator 160 is heated to generate refrigerant vapor, and the refrigerant vapor is introduced to the condenser 170, and the high temperature regenerator 150 and the low temperature. The concentrated absorbent liquid generated from the regenerator 160 flows into the absorber 120 to maintain a cooling cycle continuously.

When the amount of solar radiation is insufficient and the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor installed in the heat storage tank 30 is lower than the reference temperature sufficient to operate the high efficiency hybrid absorption chiller water heater 100 of the present invention, the control panel is a solution circulation pump (P1) The first control valve (V1), the third control valve (V3) and the fourth control valve (V4), the second control valve (V2) is shut off and the absorbing solution diluted in the absorber 120 is It is supplied to the regenerator 130 and the high temperature regenerator 150 in parallel to minimize the heat loss it is possible to operate efficiently.

In addition, the absorbent solution introduced into the high temperature regenerator 150 is heated by a heating source 151 such as gas combustion, and the high temperature refrigerant vapor generated by evaporation passes through the low temperature regenerator 160 to enter the condenser 170. In addition, the refrigerant vapor generated in the solar regenerator 130 flows into the solar condenser 140, and the refrigerant liquid condensed in the solar condenser 140 and the condenser 170 is supplied to the evaporator 110.

In addition, the absorbent liquid concentrated in the solar regenerator 130 is regenerated into the concentrated absorbent liquid in the low temperature regenerator 160, and the absorber 110 is concentrated with the absorbent liquid concentrated in the high temperature regenerator 150 by the operation of the solution spray pump P2. Inflow, the cooling cycle is maintained continuously.

As a result, the cooling cycle using the solar regenerator 130 and the cooling cycle using the high temperature regenerator 150 are simultaneously realized to compensate for the insufficient solar heat.

<Room>

First, when the amount of solar radiation is enough to be heated by the collector 20 and the temperature of the hot water stored in the heat storage tank 30 reaches a heatable temperature, the hot water stored in the heat storage tank 30 is supplied to the air conditioner 40. The heating is realized. At this time, the hot water used for heating may be recycled to the heat storage tank (30).

However, when heating is difficult due to insufficient or no solar radiation, heating is performed by using a heating source 151 such as gas combustion of the high temperature regenerator 150, and the control panel operates the solution circulation pump P1 and operates the first. The control valve V1, the second control valve V2, and the fourth control valve V4 are opened, and the third control valve is blocked, so that the absorbing solution diluted in the absorber 120 flows into the solar regenerator 130. At the same time, it is supplied to the high temperature regenerator 150 to minimize heat loss, thereby enabling efficient operation.

At this time, the refrigerant vapor separated from the low temperature regenerator 160 is condensed in the condenser 170 and supplied to the evaporator 110, and the absorbed liquid diluted in the low temperature regenerator 160 flows into the absorber 120 and then again returns to the high temperature regenerator ( 150 and the cooling cycle recycled to the cold regenerator 160 is maintained.

< A hot water bath  >

Since the high efficiency hybrid absorption type cold and hot water heater 100 according to the present invention is operated by using solar heat preferentially, when solar radiation is sufficient, hot water heated by solar heat can be used together with heating and cooling.

However, even when hot water supply is difficult due to the absence of solar heat, the heating and cooling can be carried out while simultaneously heating the hot water bar. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, when the control panel senses the hot water load by the temperature sensor, the solution is circulated. The pump P1 is operated, the first control valve V1, the third control valve V3 and the fourth control valve V4 are opened, and the second control valve V2 is shut off to dilute in the absorber 120. The absorbed solution is controlled to be supplied only to the solar regenerator 130 and the high temperature regenerator 150.

That is, when there is no solar radiation during cooling or heating, the solar regenerator 130 is not operated, but when the hot water load is generated, the absorption solution of the absorber 120 is directly supplied to the solar regenerator 130 instead of the low temperature regenerator 160. The hot absorbent solution and the hot water supply hot water are exchanged in the solar regenerator 130 to realize hot water supply.

At this time, the inlet and outlet of the hot water supply hot water may be configured in the same way as the inlet and outlet of the hot water by solar heat as shown in Figure 3, by adding a three-way valve (3 way valve) as shown in FIG. It can also be provided separately.

After all, according to the high-efficiency hybrid absorption type cold and hot water heater according to the present invention, even if solar heat is used as the main heat source, even if the solar radiation amount is insufficient or no solar radiation, one by one of the heating and cooling as well as heating and heating by its own heat source without adding auxiliary heat source equipment As it can be operated with cold / hot water, it can not only greatly increase the thermal efficiency of the absorption type cold / hot water heater, but also can effectively control the cooling, heating and hot water load to minimize heat loss, and can use hot water at the same time when cooling or heating. And maintenance cost is low.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Anything having substantially the same constitution as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention and achieving the same operational effect is included in the technical scope of the present invention.

1. Absorption type heating and cooling system using conventional solar heat
10. Absorption chiller 20. Collector
30. Heat storage tank 40. Air conditioner
50. Boiler 51. Auxiliary Tank
100. High efficiency hybrid absorption chiller
110. Evaporator 120. Absorber
130. Solar Regenerator 140. Solar Condenser
150. High temperature regenerator 151. Heating source 160. Low temperature regenerator
170. Condenser 191. Low Temperature Heat Exchanger
192. High Temperature Heat Exchangers 193. Condensation Heat Exchangers
P1. Solution Circulation Pump P2. Solution Injection Pump P3. Refrigerant pump
V1. First control valve V2. 2nd control valve
V3. Third control valve V4. 4th control valve
V5. Hot water inlet valve V6. Hot water supply valve

Claims (5)

An evaporator which evaporates the condensed refrigerant liquid to generate refrigerant vapor and generates cold water by latent heat;
An absorber for absorbing the refrigerant vapor introduced from the evaporator into the absorbent liquid;
A solar regenerator separating the refrigerant vapor from the absorption solution transferred from the absorber using hot water supplied from the heat storage tank;
A solar condenser for condensing refrigerant vapor delivered from the solar regenerator using air or cooling water;
A high temperature regenerator for heating the absorption solution delivered from the absorber by using a heating source to separate the refrigerant vapor with the high temperature refrigerant and the absorption liquid;
A low temperature regenerator for heating the absorption solution transferred from the absorber by using the high temperature refrigerant vapor transferred from the high temperature regenerator to separate the refrigerant vapor and the absorption liquid;
A condenser for cooling and condensing refrigerant vapor delivered from the high temperature regenerator and the low temperature regenerator using air or cooling water; And
A control panel for controlling the operation of the pump and the valve by using a temperature sensor to control the efficient operation operation is achieved; High efficiency hybrid absorption chiller.
The method of claim 1,
A low temperature heat exchanger in which the absorption liquid transferred from the absorber and the absorption liquid of the low temperature regenerator are heat exchanged;
A high temperature heat exchanger in which the absorption liquid transferred to the high temperature regenerator and the absorption liquid of the high temperature regenerator are heat-exchanged; And
And a condensation heat exchanger in which the absorbent solution heat-exchanged in the low temperature heat exchanger and the absorbent liquid condensed while passing through the low temperature regenerator are heat-exchanged.
The method of claim 1,
A solution circulation pump installed downstream of the absorber to circulate the absorbing solution of the absorber;
A solution spray pump installed between the low temperature regenerator and the absorber to spray the absorbent liquid separated from the absorbent solution to the absorber; And
And a refrigerant pump in which a refrigerant vapor transfers and sprays the solar condenser or the refrigerant condensed in the condenser to an upper portion of the evaporator.

The method of claim 1,
A first control valve (V1) for controlling the inflow of the absorbing solution from the absorber to the high temperature regenerator;
A second control valve (V2) for controlling the inflow of the absorbing solution from the absorber to the low temperature regenerator; And
And a third control valve (V3) for controlling the inflow of the absorbing solution from the absorber to the solar regenerator.
3. The method of claim 2,
And a fourth control valve (V4) for controlling the inflow of the absorbing solution from the absorber to the condensation heat exchanger.

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