KR20130143217A - Electricity generation system using solar energy - Google Patents

Abstract

A solar power generating system is disclosed. The solar power generating system of the present invention is a generating system using solar heat energy and includes: a light collecting unit increasing the density of heat energy by collecting the solar light to a plurality of lenses; a generation unit generating electricity by heating a thermal medium by receiving the heat energy from the light collecting unit and forming vapor by heat exchanging with the thermal medium; and a temperature control unit controlling the temperature of the generation unit by blocking, with at least one cut-off screen, solar light of the lenses while measuring the temperature of the generation unit in order to prevent overheating. [Reference numerals] (AA) Electric power transmission

Description

Electricity Generation System Using Solar Energy

The present invention relates to a solar power generation system, and more particularly, to a solar power generation system that can prevent overheating by measuring the temperature of the heat medium or steam by controlling the temperature through the barrier film and the open / close damper.

Solar thermal technology absorbs radiant light from the sun and converts it into thermal energy, which is used for cooling and heating, industrial process heat, and thermal power generation.

Solar thermal systems are classified into passive and active systems, depending on the presence or absence of a heating medium. The former collects solar heat mainly by building structures such as windows and walls such as greenhouses and trombe walls, and the latter collects solar heat by using heat medium drives such as pumps by installing collectors separately. Is a system, commonly called a solar system.

A solar system usually consists of a heat collecting section, a heat storage section, a utilization section and a control device.

Among them, the heat collecting portion is a portion that collects energy from the sun and converts it into heat, and generally includes a solar heat collector. There are many types of solar collectors. Some examples include flat collectors, tube collectors, PTC (Parabolic Trough Concentrator) collectors, CPC (Compound Parabolic Concentrator) collectors, and Dish collectors. Appropriate solar collectors are selected in consideration of the application field of the system, the application temperature of the system and the installation area.

The main categories of solar systems are solar hot water supply system, solar air conditioning system, solar industrial process heat system, and solar power generation system.

Among them, the solar power generation system is a system that collects and collects sunlight and generates power using the same.

Solar power generation follows the sun's position perpendicular to the sun's meridian to maximize power generation, and is divided into sun-tracked, semi-tracked, and stationary solar-electric systems, depending on how the direction is changed.

Firstly, a tracking array is a method for maximizing the power generation efficiency of a solar power generation system. The tracking array is a method of tracking the position of the sun by power or device manipulation so that direct sunlight can enter the front of the solar panel vertically.

Semi-tracking arrays vary the tilt angle of the solar array by season or month, usually changing the tilt angle of the array every four seasons.

The semi-tracked system is an intermediate way between fixed and tracked systems, with a 20% increase in power over fixed systems.

Finally, the fixed type system is the cheapest and most stable structure, and is applied to many places where there is no limitation of the installation area, but the generation efficiency is relatively low.

Photovoltaic modules are used in photovoltaic power generation systems, which are primarily flat. The flat panel solar cell module is a unit solar cell string in which photovoltaic cells of a predetermined size (for example, 125 mm x 125 mm) are connected in series to produce a set unit voltage. The number of solar cell strings can be connected in series or in parallel to produce the required power.

When solar light is irradiated, the solar cell module generates direct current electricity by the photoelectric effect of each solar cell constituting the solar strings, and the produced direct current electricity is used directly or converted into alternating current electricity through an inverter.

Meanwhile, the solar cells of the flat panel solar cell module mainly use silicon (Si), which is an expensive semiconductor material, and the price of semiconductor silicon (Si) accounts for more than 50% of the module unit cost. Therefore, there is a need to reduce the cost of solar cell modules or to reduce the installation area of solar cells for the same output, and to solve this problem, a light concentrating type incorporating a light concentrating device that focuses sunlight to increase light density. Solar cell modules have been proposed.

A system for concentrating solar light and generating solar power, an electric power generation system using solar thermal energy of Application No. 10-2011-0118649 (Registration No. 10-1120906) shown in FIG. 1 (hereinafter referred to as a prior invention). Can be mentioned.

The electric power generation system using the solar thermal energy of the prior invention, the fixed body 11 having a mesh network shape with a mesh and the upper end portion exposed to the ground in a spherical shape; A condensing lens 12 coupled to the mesh eyes of the fixed body to concentrate sunlight to the lower end of the fixed body 11; A light collecting part 10 installed at a lower end of the fixed body 11 and configured to collect heat lenses 13 that transfer heat to the lower part of the body by increasing the density of heat energy concentrated through the light collecting lens 12; A heat storage tank which is bound to the lower end of the fixed body 11 and filled with the heat storage medium 40 into the body, and heats and stores the heat storage medium 40 with heat energy transferred through the heat collecting lens 13 ( 30); A circulation pipe 50 which is stacked and received as an upper plate coil pipe 51 in the heat storage tank 30 and selectively moves steam to each component by the operation of the circulation pump 53 and the valve; The steam inside the upper plate coil pipe 51 of the circulation pipe 50 is heated in the heat storage tank 30 to change to a sensible heat state, and a generator that injects the sensible steam to drive a steam turbine 61 to produce electricity. 60; A first thermal part 70a for further heat shrinking the latent heat steam passing through the generator 60; The latent heat steam heat-shrinked through the generator or the first heat sink 70a is heated while passing through the heat storage tank 30 through the lower coil circulation pipe 52 of the circulation pipe 50, and the heated sensible heat In the electric power generation system using the solar thermal energy composed of the power generation unit 20 including the second heat-sensitive unit 70b for heat shrinking steam,

The heat storage medium 40 in the heat storage tank 30 is heated through the condenser 10 so as to exchange heat with the upper plate coil pipe 51 and the lower coil circulation pipe 52 in the tank, and the sensible heat steam therein. The sensible heat steam discharged through the upper plate coil pipe 51 drives the steam turbine 61 to produce electricity, and the latent heat steam passes through the first valve 54a and the first heat sensitive portion 70a. While the heat shrink more and more, the latent heat steam is supplied to the lower coil circulation pipe 52 through the second valve 54b to exchange heat with the heat storage medium, and the sensible heat steam heated through the lower coil circulation pipe 52. The heat shrinks while passing through the third valve 54c and the second heat sensitive portion 70b, and is supplied to the upper plate coil pipe 51 through the fourth valve 54d to circulate.

This prior invention is a fixed photovoltaic power generation facility, and during daylight hours, the solar light is concentrated through the condensing lens to heat the heat storage medium and the circulation steam through the condensing lens to drive the generator by the injection pressure of the heated steam. Electricity is produced, and in the absence of solar light, the steam is heated by a heat storage medium heated by a collecting lens during sunshine, and electricity is generated through a generator as the steam turbine is driven by the injection pressure of the steam. do.

The prior invention arranges spherical condensing lenses continuously so that each condensing lens concentrates the heat energy density on the condensing lens, thereby heating the heat storage medium with the condensing lens during solar irradiation irrespective of the meridian direction of the sun. To provide an electric power generation system using solar thermal energy.

This prior invention has several problems.

First, the position of the circulation pump 53 is a problem. As shown in Figure 1, the circulation pump 53 of the prior invention is located on top of the coil circulation pipe (52). In this prior art, the coils are wound several times on the inlet side of the circulation pump, so that the suction resistance may not be properly performed because the flow resistance is relatively high when the pump sucks the fluid, and it is difficult to provide an effective suction head.

Next, the piping structure of the coil circulation pipe 52 is problematic. As shown in Figure 1, the coil circulation tube of the prior invention is to descend from the top of the heat storage tank 30 to the bottom through the first heat-sensitive portion (70a) and back to the top, this pipe structure flows The resistance is large and energy is lost, which causes the circulation pump 53 to require a lot of energy.

In addition, in the prior invention, the steam heat exchanged in the coil circulation pipe 52 is cooled while passing through the second heat sensing portion 70b, so that the dryness or superheat is lowered, or the superheated steam is changed to wet steam, and the enthalpy is lowered. This lowering also matters.

Korean Patent Registration Publication No. 10-1120906 (January 30, 2012)

The present invention is to provide a system that improves the prior invention by solving the problems present in the prior invention as described above, by measuring the temperature of the heat medium or steam of the solar power generation system, the solar light irradiated to the lens as a barrier film It is to provide a solar power generation system that can prevent unnecessary overheating of the heat medium or steam by controlling the temperature by blocking.

According to an aspect of the present invention, in the power generation system using thermal energy of solar heat,

A light concentrating unit condensing sunlight with a plurality of lenses to increase density of thermal energy;

A power generation unit which receives heat energy from the light collecting unit to heat the heat medium, and generates electricity by heat exchange with the heat medium to produce electricity; And

In order to prevent overheating, a solar power generation system including a temperature control unit configured to control the temperature of the power generation unit by blocking the sunlight for the plurality of lenses with at least one blocking film while measuring the temperature of the power generation unit is provided.

The temperature control unit is driven by a motor and at least one blocking film to block the sunlight transmitted to the condensing unit, a motor-driven damper (opening damper) to adjust the temperature of the power generation unit through the ventilation, the surroundings of the power generation unit It may be provided in the temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the heat medium or steam, and a control unit for controlling the blocking film or the open-type damper based on the temperature measured by the temperature sensor.

The light collecting part has a hemispherical fixed body exposed to the ground in the form of a mesh and a surface, a plurality of light collecting lenses provided on the fixed body, and a heat collecting lens for increasing the density of thermal energy of sunlight transmitted from the light collecting lens. It may include.

The power generation unit is a heat transfer tank connected to the lower portion of the fixed body, the heat medium is filled in the heat transfer tank is supplied with heat energy from the heat collecting lens and heated, and the water flows through the heat medium to heat exchange with the heat medium for heat exchange It may include a turbine and a turbine generator for receiving electricity from the tube for heat exchange to drive the turbine to produce electricity.

The power generation unit may further include a condenser for driving the turbine and a plurality of vapors discharged, and a feed pump for pumping the water generated in the condenser to the heat exchange tube.

The at least one blocking film may be provided on an upper portion of the plurality of condensing lenses so that the at least one blocking film may block sunlight incident on at least some of the plurality of condensing lenses arranged below by a signal from a controller. It is characterized by.

According to another aspect of the present invention, in the power generation method using thermal energy of solar heat,

1) condensing sunlight with a plurality of lenses and increasing the density of thermal energy;

2) heating the heat medium provided in the tank by receiving heat energy having increased density, and generating steam by heat exchange with the heat medium to drive a turbine to produce electricity; And

3) driving a turbine and circulating a plurality of said vapors discharged and circulating to said tank for heat exchange with said heat medium,

By blocking the sunlight transmitted to the plurality of lenses with at least one blocking film, and by providing a damper in the tank is provided with the heat medium, it is possible to prevent overheating of the heat medium or the steam can be prevented. A power generation method is provided.

In the solar power generation system of the present invention, by measuring the temperature of the heat medium or steam, by blocking the sunlight irradiated to the lens with a blocking film to control the temperature to prevent overheating of the heat medium or steam, deterioration of the system due to overheating and It can prevent shortened life.

1 is a schematic diagram of an electric power generation system using solar energy of the prior invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the condenser lens of FIG. 1.
Figure 3 schematically shows a solar power system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 schematically illustrates a concept in which solar light emitted to a condenser lens is blocked by a blocking film in the solar power generation system of the present invention.

In order to fully understand the present invention, operational advantages of the present invention, and objects achieved by the practice of the present invention, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings and the accompanying drawings which illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 3 schematically shows a solar power system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the solar power generation system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in a power generation system using thermal energy of solar heat, a light concentrating unit 100 condensing sunlight with a plurality of lenses to increase the density of thermal energy. The power generation unit 200 generates electricity by heating the heat medium 220 by receiving heat energy from the light collecting unit 100 and forming steam by heat exchange with the heat medium 220, and the power generation unit 200 to prevent overheating. It includes a temperature control unit 300 for controlling the temperature of the power generation unit 200 by blocking the sunlight of the plurality of lenses with at least one blocking film while measuring the temperature of the).

The condenser 100 condenses sunlight and converts it into thermal energy, and increases the density of the thermal energy to transmit it to the power generation unit 200.

In the power generation unit 200 receiving the thermal energy, the heating medium 220 is heated through this, and steam is formed through heat exchange with the heated heating medium 220. Electricity is produced using the steam formed.

The temperature control unit 300 is driven by a motor and at least one blocking film 310 to block the sunlight transmitted to the condenser 100, and the motor is driven by the ventilation to control the temperature of the power generation unit 200 through ventilation A shut-off damper 320, a temperature sensor 330 provided around the power generation unit 200 to measure the temperature of the heat medium 220 or steam, and a blocking film based on the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 330. 310 or the control unit 340 for controlling the open and close damper (320).

The heat medium 220 is continuously heated by solar heat that has undergone condensing and collecting, and is cooled in the process of forming steam through heat exchange. However, when the amount of heat energy supplied from the light concentrator 100 is greater than the heat energy lost in the steam formation process, the heat medium 220 continues to rise in temperature, and thus the steam formed is also overheated.

The steam becomes heat dry through heat exchange and can be converted to superheated steam. Here, the superheated steam is as follows. When the liquid is heated under a constant pressure, the temperature rises. When it reaches a certain temperature, it begins to evaporate. Even if it is heated again, the temperature does not change until all the liquid evaporates. This is referred to as wet saturated steam, and all of which is phase-changed by steam is referred to as dry saturated steam. When the dry saturated steam is heated again, the temperature of the steam rises, which is called superheated steam, and the difference between the superheated steam temperature and the saturated steam temperature is called superheated steam. By using such superheated steam, the output of a turbine etc. can be raised and it is effective for power generation.

However, if the temperature of the heat medium 220 rises to a higher temperature than necessary, and the steam is excessively overheated, it may cause deterioration of the installation and thereby shorten the life of the system.

Therefore, in order to maintain safety and durability of the equipment, the heat medium 220 and the steam should be prevented from unnecessarily overheating, the present invention is provided with a temperature control unit 300 for this purpose.

That is, the temperature sensor 330 is provided around the power generation unit 200 to monitor the temperature of the heat medium 220 or steam, and under the control of the control unit 340 based on the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 330. The temperature is controlled by operating the 310 or the retractable damper 320.

The blocking film 310 prevents overheating of the heat medium 220 or steam more than necessary by blocking the irradiated sunlight, and the open / close damper 320 lowers the temperature by ventilating the tank in which the heat medium 220 is stored. The openable damper 320 may be provided to operate in a hinge type or a sliding door type.

In order to increase the temperature control effect by the ventilation of the retractable damper 320, a fan (not shown) may be added around the damper if necessary.

Each component of the electrically operated temperature control unit 300 may be operated by being transmitted from the power generation unit 200 of the present embodiment.

The light collecting part 100 has a hemispherical fixed body 110 having a surface in the form of a mesh and exposed to the ground, a plurality of light collecting lenses 120 provided on the fixed body 110, and a light collecting lens 120. It may include a collecting lens 130 to increase the density of thermal energy of the solar light transmitted from.

The hemispherical fixed body 110 is manufactured in the form of a mesh, so that the plurality of condenser lenses 120 are fixed to the surface of the fixed body 110, and through this, the position of the condenser lens 120 according to the solar meridian information or It is possible to effectively collect and collect sunlight without adjusting the angle of incidence.

The fixing body 110 may be manufactured in a double or multiple layered structure as shown in FIG. 2 to effectively fix the condensing lens 120 in an outdoor environment.

The condenser lens 120 has a body portion having a funnel or cone shape, and includes a convex lens at both ends of the top, top, and bottom of the body. It may be basically similar to the condensing lens 12 of FIG. 2. The inner surface of the condenser lens 120 is provided with a reflective surface to reflect the sunlight to the bottom.

The collecting lens 130 is provided at the lower end of the fixed body 110 and increases the density of solar energy concentrated through the plurality of condensing lenses 120 and transmits it to the heat medium 220 of the power generation unit 200.

The power generation unit 200 includes a heat transfer tank 210 connected to the lower portion of the fixed body 110, a heat medium 220 filled in the heat transfer tank 210, and supplied with heat energy from the heat collecting lens 130. , A heat exchange tube 230 for flowing water and heat-exchanging with the heat medium 220 to form steam, and a turbine generator 240 for supplying steam from the heat exchange tube 230 to drive the turbine to produce electricity. Can be.

The heat transfer tank 210 may be made of a material having durability and heat resistance to high temperature and high pressure so as to store the heat medium 220 that is heated by receiving heat energy and preserve the heat energy.

The heat medium 220 may select a material having a high specific heat so as to absorb and store sufficient heat. For example, salts that are stable at atmospheric pressure, have a high melting point, and high specific heat and heat of fusion can be used. In addition, suitable thermal energy storage materials that can be recognized by a person skilled in the art, including imidazole, imidazolium chloride, and pyrrole derivatives, may be used as the heat medium 220.

When the heat medium 220 is heated by receiving heat energy from the heat collecting lens 130, water flows into the heat exchange tube 230 provided in the heat transfer tank 210 and is supplied with heat energy from the heat medium 220. The steam formed flowing through the heat exchange tube 230 drives the turbine, thereby driving the turbine generator 240 to produce electricity.

The power generation unit 200 includes a condenser 250 for driving a turbine and a plurality of vapors discharged, and a water feed pump 260 for pumping water generated in the condenser 250 to a heat exchange tube 230. It may further include.

As shown in FIG. 3, the present embodiment makes it easy to secure an effective suction head compared to the prior art by disposing the feed pump 260 at the inlet side of the heat exchange tube 230 at a relatively low position. In addition, by reducing the flow resistance by improving the problem of the prior invention that the flow path of the working fluid is changed rapidly, it is possible to reduce the energy loss due to the flow resistance and thus to reduce the electrical energy consumed in the motor for driving the pump.

The at least one blocking film 310 is provided on the plurality of condensing lenses 120, so that the at least one blocking film 310 of the plurality of condensing lenses 120 is arranged below by the signal of the controller 340. It is possible to block the sunlight incident on at least a part.

4 schematically illustrates the concept of the present embodiment in which the sunlight irradiated to the condensing lens is completely blocked by the blocking film. As an example, the blocking film will be described as various solar blocking devices that can block sunlight within the scope of the present invention.

The blocking layer 310 may be provided in plurality on the plurality of condensing lenses 120. The blocking film 310 may be provided for each condensing lens 120, or the blocking film 310 may be provided for each compartment by defining a compartment on the hemisphere surface of the fixing body 110. The blocking layer 310 may block sunlight emitted to the condenser lens 120 by operating part or all of the blocking layer 310 according to a signal from the controller 340.

If necessary, one shielding film 310 may be provided instead of a plurality, and the irradiation amount of sunlight may be adjusted by adjusting a range in which the blocking film 310 covers the fixed body 110 provided with the condenser lens 120.

A device such as a guide rail for inducing the blocking layer 310 to cover the upper portion of the fixed body 110 by a signal of the controller 340 may be added as necessary.

When the sunlight irradiated to the condensing lens 120 is blocked by the blocking film 310, the thermal energy transmitted to the heat medium 220 may be reduced to lower the temperature of the heat medium 220 or steam. The blocking film 310 may also block a part of the system that is exposed to the outside, such as the condenser lens 120 and the fixed body 110, and may be contaminated, at night or other sunlight, while being blocked from external contamination. do.

The blocking film 310 may block the irradiated sunlight to adjust the temperature of the heat medium 220 or steam, and the open / close damper 320 may introduce external air into the heat transfer tank 210 to heat the heat medium more quickly. 220 may be cooled.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, in the power generation method using thermal energy of solar heat,

1) condensing sunlight with a plurality of lenses and increasing the density of thermal energy;

2) heating the heat medium provided in the tank by receiving heat energy having increased density, and generating steam by heat exchange with the heat medium to drive a turbine to produce electricity; And

3) driving a turbine and circulating a discharged vapor to a tank for heat exchange with a heating medium,

Provided is a temperature controlled solar power generation method characterized in that the solar light transmitted to a plurality of lenses is blocked by at least one blocking film, and a tank is provided with a damper and ventilated to prevent overheating of the heat medium or steam. do.

In this embodiment, the damper is a retractable device installed in the tank, and serves to lower the temperature inside the tank through ventilation. The damper can be operated in a variety of ways, for example a hinge or sliding door type.

As described above, the solar power generation system of the present embodiment measures the temperature of the heat medium or steam, and blocks the sunlight incident on the lens or ventilates the inside of the heat transfer tank 210 through the open / close damper 320 to increase the temperature. By adjusting, it is possible to prevent overheating and to control the temperature of the system.

In addition, the feed pump 260 is disposed at the inlet side of the heat exchange tube 230 to pump water prior to the introduction of the heat exchange tube, thereby making it easier to secure an effective suction head than the prior invention. In addition, by changing the pipe structure, it is possible to reduce energy consumption of the pump by preventing energy loss due to the flow resistance, and to increase the output of the generator by preventing the enthalpy loss of steam.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, such modifications or variations are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

100: condenser
110: fixed body
120: condenser lens
130: collecting lens
200: power generation unit
210: heat transfer tank
220: heat medium
230: tube for heat exchange
240: turbine generator
250: Avenger
260: water pump
300: Temperature control unit
310: barrier
320: retractable damper
330: temperature sensor
340:

Claims (7)

In the power generation system using thermal energy of solar heat,
A light concentrator configured to increase the density of thermal energy by condensing sunlight with a plurality of lenses;
A power generation unit which receives heat energy from the light collecting unit to heat the heat medium, and generates electricity by heat exchange with the heat medium to produce electricity; And
A solar power generation system including a temperature control unit for controlling the temperature of the power generation unit by blocking the sunlight for the plurality of lenses with at least one blocking film while measuring the temperature of the power generation unit to prevent overheating. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature control unit
At least one blocking film driven by a motor and blocking sunlight transmitted to the light collecting part;
An open-type damper that is driven by a motor and adjusts the temperature of the power generation unit through ventilation;
A temperature sensor provided around the power generation unit and measuring a temperature of the heat medium or steam; And
And a controller configured to control the blocking film or the open / close damper based on the temperature measured by the temperature sensor. The method of claim 2, wherein the light collecting unit
A hemispherical fixed body whose surface is meshed and exposed on the ground;
A plurality of condenser lenses provided on the fixed body; And
And a heat collecting lens for increasing a density of thermal energy of sunlight transmitted from the light collecting lens. The method of claim 3, wherein the power generation unit
A heat transfer tank connected to a lower portion of the fixed body;
A heat medium filled in the heat transfer tank and heated by receiving heat energy from the heat collecting lens;
A heat exchange tube through which water flows and heat exchanges with the heat medium to form steam; And
And a turbine generator for generating electricity by driving a turbine by receiving steam from the heat exchange tube. The method of claim 4, wherein the power generation unit
A condenser for driving the turbine and plural vapors discharged; And
And a feed pump for pumping the water generated in the condenser into the heat exchange tube. The method of claim 3, wherein
The at least one blocking film is provided on the plurality of condensing lenses,
The solar power generation system of claim 1, wherein the at least one blocking film can block sunlight incident on at least part of the plurality of condensing lenses arranged below by a signal from the controller. In the power generation method using thermal energy of solar heat,
1) condensing sunlight with a plurality of lenses and increasing the density of thermal energy;
2) heating the heat medium provided in the tank by receiving heat energy having increased density, and generating steam by heat exchange with the heat medium to drive a turbine to produce electricity; And
3) driving a turbine and circulating a plurality of said vapors discharged and circulating to said tank for heat exchange with said heat medium,
By blocking the sunlight transmitted to the plurality of lenses with at least one blocking film, and by providing a damper in the tank is provided with the heat medium, the temperature control solar heat, characterized in that overheating of the heat medium or the steam can be prevented Development method.

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