KR20130138486A - Organic solar cell and preparing method of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are an organic solar cell, which includes a transparent electrode and a metal electrode facing each other; and a photoelectric transformation layer between the transparent electrode and the metal electrode, wherein the photoelectric transformation layer includes metal nano places scattered in a blend of electron donors and electron acceptors, and a manufacturing method thereof.

Description

Organic solar cell and its manufacturing method {ORGANIC SOLAR CELL AND PREPARING METHOD OF THE SAME}

The present application relates to an organic solar cell and a method for manufacturing the same, and an organic solar cell including a photoelectric conversion layer in which metal nanoplates are dispersed, and a method for manufacturing the same.

The solar cell is a device based on the semiconductor principle, and has a characteristic of converting solar energy into electrical energy. Depending on the materials used, it can be classified into silicon solar cell and organic solar cell.Silicone solar cell is known as a big device industry because of its high manufacturing and process cost.Since silicon reserves are limited, it is limited to general application in the future. I am getting it. On the other hand, organic solar cells are not only significantly lower than silicon solar cells, but do not require expensive special vacuum equipment, which makes them easy to fabricate, large area, and room temperature. The device which can bend becomes possible. Due to the above advantages and prospects, research is being actively conducted in numerous research institutes, schools, and corporations around the world.

In order to increase the efficiency of organic solar cells, researches have been made on the development of new conductive polymer materials capable of increasing the solar absorption region and the design of efficient device structures. In particular, the electron donor forming the photoelectric conversion layer of the organic solar cell has been studied. Bulk heterojunction (BHJ) structure using an appropriate blend between the electron acceptor and the electron acceptor allows the interfacial contact to generate electron-hole charges in the photovoltaic layer of the solar cell. It is known as the best structure because of its large area. There is a bilayer structure consisting of only the electron donor (bottom) layer and the electron acceptor (top) layer, which has a disadvantage that the interfacial area between the two layers is smaller than that of the bulk heterojunction structure and the bonding interface is increased. In the electron-hole charge generation is lower than the bulk heterojunction structure has a disadvantage in that the efficiency of the solar cell is reduced.

The bulk heterojunction structure, which receives solar light, usually has electrons within this distance because the diffusion distance between the electrons formed in the electron donor in the photoconversion layer and the exciton, the hole pair, can travel only 10 nm in the photoconversion layer. If the interface between the donor and the electron acceptor is not reached, there is a problem of recombination and extinction. Therefore, in order to overcome this recombination phenomenon and to manufacture an efficient electron donor / electron acceptor structure, a study on the synthesis and increase of new materials that can increase the amount of light absorption in the photoelectric conversion layer, and between the electron donor / electron acceptor mixture Changes in composition, optimization of process conditions during spin coating, change of annealing environment, and optimization of solvent conditions are required.

After being separated into electrons and holes at the interface between the electron donor and the electron acceptor in the solar cell, the two charges move to the transparent electrode, which is the negative electrode, and the metal electrode, which is the positive electrode, respectively. In general, the electron donor / electron acceptor structure is usually phase-separated in the form of a sea and island. For the smooth operation of the solar cell, the electron donor has a co-continuous structure inside the photoelectric conversion layer. The negative electrode must be connected, and the electron acceptor must be in contact with the positive electrode.

For example, efficient charge transfer is possible by layer-by-layer deposition of metal nanorods having a size of 30 nm or less on a transparent electrode of a solar cell by thermally transformed methods. ) And a method of increasing the efficiency [J. H. Lee., Org. Electron. 10: 416-420, 2009. However, the conventional method has a difficulty in introducing the metal nanoparticles into the transparent electrode of the solar cell, the cost problem is serious because the high temperature deposition process is essential, the case of a small metal rod and one polymer material It is limited to

As such, there are many variables that determine the efficiency of the organic solar cell, but basically, in order to increase the efficiency of the organic solar cell, the amount of charge generated is increased by increasing the amount of light absorption in the photoelectric conversion layer from the beginning or the generated charge. It is important to efficiently move N to each electrode.

The present application, a transparent electrode and a metal electrode disposed opposite each other; And a photoelectric conversion layer positioned between the transparent electrode and the metal electrode, wherein the photoelectric conversion layer includes a metal nanoplate dispersed in a blend of an electron donor and an electron acceptor. That is, to provide an organic solar cell.

In addition, the present invention, forming a transparent electrode on a transparent substrate; Forming a photoelectric conversion layer on the transparent electrode; And forming a metal electrode on the photoelectric conversion layer, wherein the photoelectric conversion layer is prepared by mixing and dispersing a metal nanoplate in a solution including an electron donor and an electron acceptor. To provide a method.

However, the problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the problems described above, and other problems not described can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

The first aspect of the present application, a transparent electrode and a metal electrode disposed opposite each other; And a photoelectric conversion layer positioned between the transparent electrode and the metal electrode, wherein the photoelectric conversion layer includes a metal nanoplate dispersed in a blend of an electron donor and an electron acceptor. That is, to provide an organic solar cell, but is not limited thereto.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the electron donor includes a conductive organic polymer, and the electron acceptor includes a fullerene compound, a perylene compound, or a semiconductor nanoplate. The conductive organic polymer and the fullerene-based compound, the perylene-based compound, or the semiconductor nanoplate may be bulk heterojunctions (BHJ), but are not limited thereto.

According to the exemplary embodiment of the present application, the conductive organic polymer may include an amorphous organic polymer, but is not limited thereto.

According to one embodiment of the present application, the metal nanoplate is gold (Au), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc ( Zn), iron (Fe), and may include a metal selected from the group consisting of combinations thereof, but is not limited thereto.

According to one embodiment of the present application, the metal nanoplate may include silver (Ag) nanoplates, but is not limited thereto.

According to one embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the metal nanoplate may be about 200 nm to about 500 nm, but is not limited thereto.

According to one embodiment of the present application, the conductive organic polymer is poly-3-hexylthiophene (poly-3-hexylthiophene = P3HT), poly (N-9 "-hepta-decanyl-2,7-carbazole- Alt-5,5- (4 ', 7'-di-2-thienyl-2', 1 ', 3')-benzothiadiazole) {poly (N-9 "-hepta-decanyl-2, 7-carbazole-alt-5,5- (4 ', 7'-di-2-thienyl-2', 1 ', 3')-benzothiadiazole) = PCDTBT}, poly [(4,4'-bis (2 -Ethylhexyl) dithieno [3,2-b: 2 ', 3'-d] silol) -2,6-diyl-alt- (4,7-bis (2-thienyl) -2,1, 3-benzotaidiazole) -5,5'-diyl {poly [(4,4'-bis (2-ethylhexyl) dithieno [3,2-b: 2 ', 3'-d] silole) -2, 6-diyl-alt- (4,7-bis (2-thienyl) -2,1,3-benzothiadiazole) -5,5'-diyl = Si-PCPDTBT}, and combinations thereof It may include, but is not limited thereto.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the fullerene compound is (6,6) -phenyl -C ₆₁ - butyric rigs Acid methyl ester _{[(6,6) -phenyl-C 61} -butyric acid methyl ester = PC 60 BM] , (6,6) -phenyl -C ₇₁ - butyric rigs Acid methyl ester _{[(6,6) -phenyl-C 71} -butyric acid methyl ester = PC 70 BM], (6,6) - phenyl -C ₇₇ - Butyric acid methyl ester [(6,6) -phenyl-C ₇₇ -butyric acid methyl ester = PC ₇₆ BM], (6,6) -phenyl-C ₇₉ -butyric acid methyl ester [(6,6)- _{phenyl-C 79 -butyric acid methyl ester} = PC 78 BM], (6,6) - phenyl -C ₈₁ - butyric rigs Acid methyl ester _{[(6,6) -phenyl-C 81} -butyric acid methyl ester = PC 80 BM], (6,6) - phenyl -C ₈₃ - butyric rigs Acid methyl ester _{[(6,6) -phenyl-C 83} -butyric acid methyl ester = PC 82 BM], (6,6) - phenyl -C _85-butyric rigs Acid methyl ester _{[(6,6) -phenyl-C 85} -butyric acid methyl ester = PC 84 BM], and, but could be to include those selected from the group consisting of the combinations thereof, whereby the It is not.

According to the exemplary embodiment of the present application, the metal nanoplate may be 20 wt% or less with respect to the total weight of the photoelectric conversion layer, but is not limited thereto.

According to the exemplary embodiment of the present application, the metal nanoplate may be 5 wt% or less with respect to the total weight of the photoelectric conversion layer, but is not limited thereto.

According to one embodiment of the present application, a hole transport layer formed between the transparent electrode and the photoelectric conversion layer, and may further include an electron transport layer formed between the transparent electrode and the photoelectric conversion layer, but is not limited thereto.

According to one embodiment of the present application, the photoelectric conversion layer may be in the form of a thin film having a thickness of about 10 nm to about 200 nm, but is not limited thereto.

A second aspect of the present invention, forming a transparent electrode on a transparent substrate; Forming a photoelectric conversion layer on the transparent electrode; And forming a metal electrode on the photoelectric conversion layer, wherein the photoelectric conversion layer is prepared by mixing and dispersing a metal nanoplate in a solution including an electron donor and an electron acceptor. It provides a method of manufacturing an organic solar cell according to the side.

According to the exemplary embodiment of the present application, the conductive organic polymer may include an amorphous organic polymer, but is not limited thereto.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the metal nanoplate is gold (Au), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn) ), Iron (Fe), and combinations thereof may include metal selected from the group consisting of, but is not limited thereto.

According to the exemplary embodiment of the present application, the metal plate may include silver (Ag) nanoplates, but is not limited thereto.

According to one embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the metal nanoplate may be about 200 nm to about 500 nm, but is not limited thereto.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the electron donor includes a conductive organic polymer, and the electron acceptor includes a fullerene compound, a perylene compound, or a semiconductor nanoplate. The conductive organic polymer and the fullerene-based compound, the perylene-based compound, or the semiconducting nanoplate may be bulk heterojunctions (BHJ), but are not limited thereto.

According to one embodiment of the present application, the conductive organic polymer is poly-3-hexylthiophene (poly-3-hexylthiophene = P3HT), poly (N-9 "-hepta-decanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt -5,5- (4 ', 7'-di-2-thienyl-2', 1 ', 3')-benzothiadiazole) {poly (N-9 "-hepta-decanyl-2,7 -carbazole-alt-5,5- (4 ', 7'-di-2-thienyl-2', 1 ', 3')-benzothiadiazole) = PCDTBT}, poly [(4,4'-bis (2- Ethylhexyl) dithieno [3,2-b: 2 ', 3'-d] silol) -2,6-diyl-alt- (4,7-bis (2-thienyl) -2,1,3 -Benzotadiazole) -5,5'-diyl {poly [(4,4'-bis (2-ethylhexyl) dithieno [3,2-b: 2 ', 3'-d] silole) -2,6 -diyl-alt- (4,7-bis (2-thienyl) -2,1,3-benzothiadiazole) -5,5'-diyl = Si-PCPDTBT}, and combinations thereof It may be included, but is not limited thereto.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the fullerene compound is (6,6) -phenyl -C ₆₁ - butyric rigs Acid methyl ester _{[(6,6) -phenyl-C 61} -butyric acid methyl ester = PC 60 BM] , (6,6) -phenyl -C ₇₁ - butyric rigs Acid methyl ester _{[(6,6) -phenyl-C 71} -butyric acid methyl ester = PC 70 BM], (6,6) - phenyl -C ₇₇ - Butyric acid methyl ester [(6,6) -phenyl-C ₇₇ -butyric acid methyl ester = PC ₇₆ BM], (6,6) -phenyl-C ₇₉ -butyric acid methyl ester [(6,6)- _{phenyl-C 79 -butyric acid methyl ester} = PC 78 BM], (6,6) - phenyl -C ₈₁ - butyric rigs Acid methyl ester _{[(6,6) -phenyl-C 81} -butyric acid methyl ester = PC 80 BM], (6,6) - phenyl -C ₈₃ - butyric rigs Acid methyl ester _{[(6,6) -phenyl-C 83} -butyric acid methyl ester = PC 82 BM], (6,6) - phenyl -C _85-butyric rigs Acid methyl ester _{[(6,6) -phenyl-C 85} -butyric acid methyl ester = PC 84 BM], and, but could be to include those selected from the group consisting of the combinations thereof, whereby the It is not.

According to the exemplary embodiment of the present application, the metal nanoplate may be about 20 wt% or less with respect to the total weight of the photoelectric conversion layer, but is not limited thereto.

According to the exemplary embodiment of the present application, the metal nanoplate may be about 5 wt% or less with respect to the total weight of the photoelectric conversion layer, but is not limited thereto.

According to one embodiment of the present application, the photoelectric conversion layer may be in the form of a thin film having a thickness of about 10 nm to about 200 nm, but is not limited thereto.

According to one embodiment of the present application, a hole transport layer formed between the transparent electrode and the photoelectric conversion layer, and may further include an electron transport layer formed between the transparent electrode and the photoelectric conversion layer, but is not limited thereto.

According to one embodiment of the present application, the solution including the electron donor and the electron acceptor is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve both the electron donor and the electron acceptor as a solvent, for example, chlorobenzene, 1 1,2-dichlorobenzene, chloroform, acetone, acetonitrile, dimethylacetamide (DMAc), dimethyl formamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide Dimethyl sulfoxise (DMSO), methyl ethyl ketone, methyl n-propyl ketone, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), propylene carbonate (propylene carbornate) It may include one or more selected from the group consisting of nitromethane, sulforane, ethylene glycol and hexamethylphophoramide (HMP). However, it is not limited thereto.

According to the present application, an organic solar cell including a photoelectric conversion layer containing a metal nanoplate may have the following effects by the metal nanoplate.

Specifically, the metal nanoplates reflect or scatter light in the photoelectric conversion layer, thereby increasing the light path, which causes an increase in ultraviolet and visible light absorption of the photoelectric conversion layer. In addition, the metal nanoplate has a surface plasmon effect. In addition, when the metal nanoplate is included in the photoelectric conversion layer, it is possible to improve electron and hole transfer characteristics, and consequently, the electrical conductivity to both electrodes is increased. In addition, when the thickness of the metal nanoplate has a size of about 200 nm to about 500 nm, compared with the metal nanoparticles, the scattering effect is increased and the area of the interface between the photoelectric conversion layer and the metal particles is reduced, resulting in better charge transfer. Characteristics may appear. In other words, the external quantum efficiency is increased. The scattering effect of the nanoplates increases the length of the optical path, which can increase the generation of electron-hole pairs. Due to the fact that the optical path length within the BHJ active film has been increased by efficient dispersion and light-trapping, the active layer is due to the improved light absorption. As a result, when the metal nanoplate is contained in the photoelectric conversion layer, the efficiency of the organic solar cell increases.

In addition, the present application may improve the efficiency of the organic solar cell by introducing the metal nanoplate according to the present application to the crystalline P3HT organic polymer which is an electron donor used in the photoelectric conversion layer and PCDTBT which is an amorphous organic polymer, respectively.

1 is a schematic diagram of an organic solar cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
2 is a flowchart of a method of manufacturing an organic solar cell according to one embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a device having two different Ag materials of an organic solar cell and a chemical structure diagram of an electron donor and an electron acceptor in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Figure 4 is an SEM image of (a) Ag NPs, and (b) Ag nanoplates in one embodiment of the present application, each inset shows Ag material dispersed in ethanol solvent (Ag NPs: dark green; Ag nanoplates) : Light gray). (c) Ag NPs, and ultraviolet-visible absorbance spectra of Ag nanoplates, show that the synthesized Ag NPs have a maximum absorbance peak around 420 nm, and the nanoplates identify a very wide range of peaks from 400 nm to 800 nm. Can be.
FIG. 5 is an SEM image of an Ag nanoplate having a proportion of 0.5 wt% according to one embodiment of the present application. FIG. 5A is an SEM image, and FIG. 5B is an analysis image showing an EDS graph. To be used).
FIG. 6 shows (a) P3HT / PC ₇₁ BM BHJ without Ag, BHJ with 0.5 wt% Ag NPs, and BHJ with 0.5 wt% Ag nanoplate in one embodiment of the present disclosure. JV curve of the device, (b) P3HT / PC ₇₁ BM BHJ free of Ag at dark current, and JV curve of the device using BHJ containing Ag nanoplates (0.5 wt.%), (C) of wavelength (nm) Diffuse reflection spectra of P3HT / PC ₇₁ BM BHJ without Ag as a function, BHJ with Ag NPs (0.5 wt%), and BHJ with Ag nanoplates (0.5 wt%), (d) at 0.5 wt% ratio JV curves of the device using BHJ containing Ag NPs and BHJ containing nanoplates.
FIG. 7 shows the average P3HT / PC ₇₁ BM device efficiency of BHJ (reference device) without Ag, BHJ with Ag NPs, and BHJ with Ag nanoplates in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 8 shows (a) P3HT / PCBM BHJ without Ag, and BHJ with Ag nanoparticles, (b) P3HT / PC ₆₁ BM BHJ without Ag and Ag nanoplates in one embodiment of the present disclosure JV curve of the device (preliminary test) using the included BHJ is shown. The results are determined according to different weight ratios of P3HT / PCBM and Ag materials (Ag nanoparticles and Ag nanoplates). The table below shows the V _oc , J _sc , FF, and Eff. (%) Values of P3HT / PCBM BHJ solar cells with or without Ag nanomaterials.
FIG. 9 is an SEM image of an active layer of BHJ comprising (a) P3HT / PC ₇₁ BM BHJ without Ag, and (b) Ag NPs (0.5 wt.%) In one embodiment of the present application; (C) Low resolution SEM images of BHJ including Ag nanoplates (0.5 wt.%) And (d) high resolution SEM images.
FIG. 10 is an AFM 2D image of BHJ (b) comprising P3HT / PC ₇₁ BM BHJ (a) and Ag nanoplates (0.5 wt%) without Ag in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 11 shows ultraviolet light as a function of wavelength of a P3HT / PC ₇₁ BM BHJ film containing no Ag and a BHJ film containing Ag nanoparticles (0.5 wt%) or Ag nanoplates (0.5 wt%) in one embodiment of the present disclosure. Visible light spectrum.
FIG. 12 shows the average PCDTBT / PC ₇₁ BM device efficiencies of BHJ (reference device) without Ag, BHJ with Ag NPs, and BHJ with Ag nanoplates in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 13 is prepared using PCDTBT / PC ₇₁ BM BHJ without Ag, BHJ with Ag NPs, and BHJ with Ag nanoplates in one embodiment of the present application as a function of 100 nm to 200 nm thick of the active layer. As a result of the solar cell device described above, FIGS. 13A-13D show (a) PCE (%), (b) V _oc for the active layer thickness, respectively. (V), (c) J _sc (mA / cm ² ), and (d) FF (%).

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. It should be understood, however, that the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In the drawings, the same reference numbers are used throughout the specification to refer to the same or like parts.

Throughout this specification, when a part is "connected" to another part, this includes not only "directly connected" but also "electrically connected" with another device in between. do.

Throughout this specification, when a member is located "on" another member, this includes not only when one member is in contact with another member but also when another member exists between the two members.

Throughout this specification, when an element is referred to as "including " an element, it is understood that the element may include other elements as well, without departing from the other elements unless specifically stated otherwise.

The terms "about "," substantially ", etc. used to the extent that they are used throughout the specification are intended to be taken to mean the approximation of the manufacturing and material tolerances inherent in the stated sense, Accurate or absolute numbers are used to help prevent unauthorized exploitation by unauthorized intruders of the referenced disclosure. The word " step (or step) "or" step "used to the extent that it is used throughout the specification does not mean" step for.

Throughout this specification, the term "combination (s) thereof " included in the expression of the machine form means a mixture or combination of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of the constituents described in the expression of the form of a marker, Quot; means at least one selected from the group consisting of the above-mentioned elements.

Throughout this specification, the terms used as "BHJ w Ag Plate" and "BHJ w Ag NPs" mean "BHJ with Ag plate" and "BHJ with Ag nanoparticles (NPs), respectively, and a drawing, a table. And like numerals throughout the specification.

As shown in FIG. 1, an organic solar cell according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure includes a transparent electrode 110 and a metal electrode 150 disposed to face each other; And a photoelectric conversion layer 130 positioned between the transparent electrode 110 and the metal electrode 150, wherein the photoelectric conversion layer is a blend of an electron donor and an electron acceptor. It includes, but is not limited to, metal nanoplates dispersed within.

In FIG. 1, the transparent electrode 110 may include a transparent conductive metal oxide formed on a glass or plastic transparent substrate, but is not limited thereto. The transparent conductive metal oxide may include a material having a low work function, for example, indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine tin oxide (FTO), indium zinc oxide (indium zinc oxide) light may be incident by containing an oxide of a transparent conductive metal such as oxide, IZO), ZnO- (Ga ₂ O ₃ or Al ₂ O ₃ ). As the transparent electrode forming material, SnO ₂ having excellent conductivity, transparency and heat resistance, or ITO, which is inexpensive in terms of cost, may be used. For example, an ITO glass substrate or an FTO glass substrate may be used as the transparent electrode 110, but is not limited thereto.

As the plastic substrate, polyethersulfone (polyethersulfone = PES), polyethylene terephthalate (polyethyleneterephthalate = PET), polyethylenenaphthalate (polyethylenenaphthalate = PEN), polyimide (polyimide = PI), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), Polynorbonene (polynorbonene = PNR), polycarbonate (polycarbonate = PC), polyarylate (polyarylate = PAR), polyetherimide = PEI, polyamideimide = PAI, polyamide (polyamide = PA ), And polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) may be used, but is not limited thereto.

The photoelectric conversion layer 130 includes a metal nanoplate dispersed in a blend of the electron donor and the electron acceptor, and a bulk heterojunction is formed by randomly mixing the electron donor and the electron acceptor. , BHJ), but is not limited thereto.

The electron donor comprises a conductive organic polymer, for example poly-3-hexylthiophene (P3HT), poly (N-9 "-hepta-decanyl-2,7-carbazole -Alt-5,5- (4 ', 7'-di-2-thienyl-2', 1 ', 3')-benzothiadiazole) {poly (N-9 "-hepta-decanyl-2 , 7-carbazole-alt-5,5- (4 ', 7'-di-2-thienyl-2', 1 ', 3')-benzothiadiazole) = PCDTBT}, poly [(4,4'-bis ( 2-ethylhexyl) dithieno [3,2-b: 2 ', 3'-d] silol) -2,6-diyl-alt- (4,7-bis (2-thienyl) -2,1 , 3-benzotaidiazole) -5,5'-diyl {poly [(4, 4'-bis (2-ethylhexyl) dithieno [3,2-b: 2 ', 3'-d] silole) -2 , 6-diyl-alt- (4,7-bis (2-thienyl) -2,1,3-benzothiadiazole) -5,5'-diyl = Si-PCPDTBT}, and combinations thereof It includes, but is not limited to. In one embodiment, the conductive organic polymer may include an amorphous organic polymer, but is not limited thereto. For example, the amorphous conductive organic polymer may include PCDTBT or Si-PCPDTBT, but is not limited thereto.

The electron acceptor may include, but is not limited to, a fullerene-based compound, a perylene-based compound, or semiconducting nanoparticles. The fullerene-based compound (6,6) -phenyl -C ₆₁ - butyric rigs Acid methyl ester _{[(6,6) -phenyl-C 61} -butyric acid methyl ester = PC 60 BM], (6,6) - phenyl -C ₇₁ -butyric acid methyl ester [(6,6) -phenyl-C ₇₁ -butyric acid methyl ester = PC ₇₀ BM], (6,6) -phenyl-C ₇₇ -butyric acid methyl ester [(6 _{, 6) -phenyl-C 77 -butyric} acid methyl ester = PC 76 BM], (6,6) - phenyl -C ₇₉ - butyric rigs Acid methyl ester _{[(6,6) -phenyl-C 79} -butyric acid methyl _{ester = PC 78 BM], (} 6,6) - phenyl -C ₈₁ - butyric rigs Acid methyl ester _{[(6,6) -phenyl-C 81} -butyric acid methyl ester = PC 80 BM], (6,6) -phenyl -C ₈₃ - butyric rigs Acid methyl ester _{[(6,6) -phenyl-C 83} -butyric acid methyl ester = PC 82 BM], (6,6) - ₈₅ -C-phenyl-butyric rigs Acid methyl ester [ (6,6) -phenyl-C ₈₅ -butyric acid methyl ester = PC ₈₄ BM], and combinations thereof, but is not limited thereto. The semiconducting nanoplate may include a semiconducting nanoplate such as CdTe, CdTe, etc., but is not limited thereto.

The metal nanoplate is, for example, gold (Au), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe), and may be a metal selected from the group consisting of combinations thereof, but is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the metal nanoplate may include silver (Ag) nanoplates, but is not limited thereto.

The metal nanoplates have a thickness of about 200 nm to about 500 nm, about 200 nm to about 450 nm, about 200 nm to about 400 nm, about 250 nm to about 500 nm, about 250 nm to about 450 nm, about 200 nm To 400 nm, about 300 nm to about 500 nm, about 300 nm to about 450 nm, or about 300 nm to 400 nm, but is not limited thereto. In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, since the contact surface area between the active layer and the nanoplates is increased compared to the nanoparticles, the scattering effect in the active layer of the organic solar cell is superior to the case of not containing metal or the metal nanoparticles. Do. For example, silver nanoplates having the size range may have excellent electron conductors, and thus, in the case of solar cells in which the metal nanoplates are introduced into the active layer, they have improved charge transporting properties. The photoelectric conversion efficiency is increased.

In another embodiment of the present application, when the silver nanoplate thickness is about 200 nm to 500 nm when the silver nanoplate is added to the photoelectric conversion layer as the metal nanoplate, the efficiency improvement of the organic solar cell is most remarkable. Appears, but is not limited thereto.

The content of the metal nanoplate may be about 20 wt% or less, about 15 wt% or less, about 10 wt% or less, about 5 wt% or less, or about 1 wt% based on the total weight of the electron donor and the electron acceptor. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.

The organic solar cell includes a hole transport layer 120 formed between the transparent electrode 110 and the photoelectric conversion layer 130, and an electron transport layer 140 formed between the photoelectric conversion layer 130 and the metal electrode 150. ) May be additionally included, but is not limited thereto.

The hole transport layer 120 may be formed by spin coating, dip coating, Langmere-Bridget, screen printing, or inkjet printing using a polymer dispersion. As the material of the hole transport layer 120, materials known in the art may be used without particular limitation, for example, poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly (styrene sulfonate) {poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly (strene sulfonate) = PEDOT: may include a dispersion containing a polymer material, such as, but not limited to. The hole transport layer 120 may include molybdenum oxide, titanium oxide, tungsten oxide, or zinc oxide, but is not limited thereto.

The electron transport layer 140 may be formed by spin coating, dip coating, screen printing, ink jet printing, or spraying using a metal precursor sol (or solution). The hole transport layer 120 is titanium oxide (TiOx), tungsten oxide (WOx), zinc oxide (ZnOx), iron oxide (FeOx), copper oxide (CuOx), zirconium oxide (ZrOx), chromium oxide (CrOx), oxide It can be used including those selected from the group consisting of vanadium (VOx), manganese oxide (MnOx), cobalt oxide (CoOx), nickel oxide (NiOx), tin oxide (SnOx), iridium oxide (IrOx), and combinations thereof. However, it is not limited thereto.

The metal electrode 150 may be formed using thermal deposition, chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, or sputtering, but is not limited thereto. In addition, the metal electrode 150 is aluminum (Al), gold (Au), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), copper (Cu), tungsten (W), iron (Fe), nickel It may be used including those selected from the group consisting of (Ni), zinc (Zn), and combinations thereof.

In the organic solar cell, when the transparent electrode 110 is positioned in the light source direction and the metal electrode 150 is disposed in the opposite direction of the light source, light from the light source may be converted into electricity. At this time, the metal nanoplates included in the photoelectric conversion layer 130 scatters or reflects the light to increase the movement path of the light, increase the electrical conductivity of the photoelectric conversion layer 130, and generate the electron- By increasing the movement of the holes, the photoelectric conversion efficiency can be increased.

The photoelectric conversion layer is about 10 nm to about 400 nm, about 10 nm to about 350 nm, about 10 nm to about 300 nm, about 10 nm to about 250 nm, about 10 nm to about 200 nm, about 10 nm to about 150 nm, about 10 nm to about 100 nm, about 30 nm to about 400 nm, about 30 nm to about 350 nm, about 30 nm to about 300 nm, about 30 nm to about 250 nm, about 30 nm to about 200 nm , About 30 nm to about 150 nm, about 30 nm to about 100 nm, about 50 nm to about 400 nm, about 50 nm to about 350 nm, about 50 nm to about 300 nm, about 50 nm to about 250 nm, about 50 nm to about 200 nm, about 50 nm to about 150 nm, about 50 nm to about 100 nm, about 80 nm to about 400 nm, about 80 nm to about 350 nm, about 80 nm to about 300 nm, about 80 nm To about 250 nm, about 80 nm to about 200 nm, about 80 nm to about 150 nm, about 100 nm to about 400 nm, about 100 nm to about 350 nm, about 100 nm to about 300 nm, about 100 nm to about 250 nm, about 100 nm to about 200 nm, about 100 nm to about 150 nm thick Be one having a film form, but is not limited to this. In exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the thickness of the photoelectric conversion layer may be about 50 nm to about 400 nm, about 50 nm to about 400 nm for P3HT / PCBM, about 50 nm to about 400 nm for PCDTBT / PCBM. It may be about 300 nm, but is not limited thereto.

In the organic solar cell according to the embodiment of the present application, due to the low mobility of the photoelectric conversion layer, due to the competition between the built-in potential (built-in potential) and the recombination of the photogenerated carrier (film), The thickness is limited. That is, the photoelectric conversion efficiency does not increase in proportion to the increase in the thickness of the photoelectric conversion layer. This is because a recombination phenomenon of a carrier including electrons or holes generated by being excited by light in the photoelectric conversion layer is increased, thereby restricting the movement of the carrier.

In one embodiment of the present application, referring to FIG. 2, the organic solar cell according to the present application may be prepared including the following steps:

 Forming a transparent electrode on the transparent substrate (S1);

Forming a photoelectric conversion layer on the transparent electrode (S2); And

Forming a metal electrode on the photoelectric conversion layer (S3).

The photoelectric conversion layer is prepared by mixing and dispersing a metal nanoplate in a solution containing an electron donor and an electron acceptor, but is not limited thereto.

First, a transparent electrode is formed on a transparent substrate (S1). The transparent substrate is as described above. The transparent electrode may be formed on the transparent electrode by a conventional thin film forming method such as depositing or coating a transparent conductive metal oxide as described above, or by using an existing ITO or FTO transparent substrate having a transparent electrode formed on an organic substrate. Can be used.

Subsequently, a photoelectric conversion layer is formed on the transparent electrode (S2). The photoelectric conversion layer may be formed by applying a solution formed by adding a metal nanoplate to a solution including an electron donor and an electron acceptor on the transparent electrode and then drying it. The solution may further comprise a solvent. The electron donor, electron acceptor and metal nanoplate are the same as described above.

The solution containing the electron donor and the electron acceptor is chlorobenzene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, chloroform, acetone, acetonitrile as the solvent. , Dimethylacetamide (DMAc), dimethyl formamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), methyl ethyl ketone, methyl n-propyl ketone ), N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), propylene carbonate (propylene carbornate), nitromethane (nitromethane), sulfolane (sulforane), ethylene glycol and hexamethylphosphoramide (hexamethylphophoramide; HMP), but not limited to one or more selected from the group consisting of.

The application process includes one or more selected from the group consisting of dip coating, spray coating, doctor blade coating, gravure coating, screen coating, and combinations thereof, depending on the viscosity of the composition and the components of the composition, It is not limited to this.

After the coating step, if necessary, an additional drying step or heat treatment step may be performed. The drying process or the heat treatment process may be carried out in a hot air oven or an electric furnace, the drying temperature may be about 60 ℃ to about 150 ℃, the heat treatment temperature may be about 80 ℃ to about 200 ℃, but is not limited thereto. no.

Subsequently, a metal electrode is formed on the photoelectric conversion layer (S3). The metal electrode may be formed using thermal deposition, chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, or sputtering, but is not limited thereto. In addition, the metal electrode may be aluminum (Al), gold (Au), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), copper (Cu), tungsten (W), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni). , Zinc (Zn), and combinations thereof may be used, including those selected from the group.

In addition, the organic solar cell according to the present application may further include a hole transport layer formed between the transparent electrode and the photoelectric conversion layer, and an electron transport layer formed between the photoelectric conversion layer and the metal electrode.

Formation of the hole transport layer may be performed between the S1 and S2. The hole transport layer is the same as described above.

Formation of the electron transport layer may be performed between the S2 and S3. The electron transport layer is the same as described above.

The organic solar cell can be manufactured by the above manufacturing method.

All of the contents described for the organic solar cell according to the exemplary embodiment of the present application may be applied to the method of manufacturing the organic solar cell according to the exemplary embodiment of the present application.

Hereinafter, the present application will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. However, the present application is not limited to these examples.

[ Example ]

< Experimental Example  1> Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles

AgNO ₃ (Aldrich) as precursor of Ag NPs and poly- (vinylpyrrolidone) = PVP] (Aldrich, Mw = 55,000) were used as surfactant. In a typical synthesis, 3.0 mL of 94 mM sample of AgNO ₃ , 3.0 mL of 147 mM sample of PVP, and 6 mL of polyol were mixed. Then, the mixture was heated at 140 ° C. for 1 hour. In order to control 30 nm size Ag NPs, an optimized 1,5-pentanediol (Pentanediol; PtD: Aldrich) solvent was used. Smaller NPs were synthesized in more viscous media. For example, polyol viscosity increases in the order of PtD> 1,4-Butanediol (BD: Sigma Aldrich)> PrD 1,2-Propanediol (PrD: Sigma Aldrich) as the hydrocarbon chain lengthens. The size of the synthesized NPs decreases in the order of PrD (60 nm)> BD (40 nm)> PtD (30 nm). Finally, ethanol was added during the centrifugation process, and then the synthesized Ag was collected in NPs vials.

< Experimental Example  2> Synthesis of Silver Nanoplate

Ag nanoplates were synthesized via an aqueous-phase route, as previously reported. In a typical synthesis, 8 mL of PVP (Mw = 29,000, 100 mg, Aldrich) -containing aqueous solution was heated at 60 ° C. under magnetic stirring. Additionally, AgNO ₃ (95.8 mg, Aldrich) was dissolved in 3 mL of deionized water at room temperature. The aqueous solution of AgNO ₃ was added to the PVP solution and then the reaction mixture was aged at 60 ° C. in air for 21 hours. After synthesis, the product was collected by centrifugation, washed with ethanol to remove excess PVP and then re-dispersed in water.

< Example > device  Produce

P3HT, PCBM and PCDTBT were purchased from Rieke Metal, Nano-C and 1-Material, respectively. Polymer solar cells based on P3HT / PC ₆₁ BM, P3HT / PC ₇₁ BM, or PCDTBT / PC ₇₁ BM were prepared as shown in FIG. 3 by mixing Ag material from NPs or nanoplates. Because of surface impurities, the ITO glass substrates were washed in combination with a solvent (chloroform, acetone and isopropanol) and an ultrasonic cleaning procedure. The ITO glass was then exposed to UV for 15 minutes to reform the surface before spin casting of PEDOT: PSS (Baytron PH). After spin-casting of PEDOT: PSS, the substrate was baked at 140 ° C. for 10 minutes to evaporate the solvent. At the top of the PEDOT / PSS layer, a mixture of PCDTBT / PC ₇₁ BM (1: 4) in P3HT / PCBM (1: 0.8) or 1,2-dichlorobenzene: chlorobenzene (3: 1), respectively, in chlorobenzene solvent 120 nm (P3HT / PCBM) or 100 nm (PCDTBT / PC ₇₁ BM) BHJ active layer was prepared containing Ag NPs or nanoplates having a weight ratio of 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1% by weight in the solution. The reference device consisted of pure donor-receptor BHJ which did not contain Ag material. The BHJ film was dried at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes in a glove box. Then the TiO _x The interlayer was spin-coated in air at room temperature up to a thickness of 10 nm. Al metal cathode was thermally deposited using an evaporator to a thickness of 100 nm at a pressure of 5.0 × 10 ⁻⁶ Torr. Device efficiency levels were measured at an intensity of 1000 Wm ^-2 using a solar simulator (Air Mass 1.5 Global). Keithley 236 source measurement units were also used to measure the voltage-current density of each device. All cell areas were accurately measured by the SV-35 video microscope system (SOMETECH). The surface morphology of the BHJ film was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM, FEI Sirion XL 30) and an atomic force microscope (Veeco, USA; D3100).

<Results and Discussion>

Bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cell devices based on polymer fullerenes have been widely studied because of many advantages. In particular, they can be produced in large areas using simple methods; These are flexible low cost devices that involve a roll-to-roll manufacturing process; And their industrial applications have great potential in the future. The efficiency of solar cell devices has gradually increased from 2% to 8% as a result of various meaningful studies. The studies include solvent additives, heat treatment, newly designed donor-receptor polymers, donor-receptor mix ratios, efficient nanopatterned structural effects (tandem or regular patterns), plasmonic clathrate nanoparticles (NPs) effects, and It has focused on various aspects such as other new processes (including transcription and printing).

Silver (Ag) metal nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) that is strongly coupled with incident light. Moreover, metallic nanoparticles larger than 10 nm can scatter and reflect the incident light. As such, the length of the optical path in the BHJ active layer film (film) is increased. Thus, the inclusion of metal nanoparticles in the BHJ film offers the possibility of improved optical absorption. And the power conversion efficiency (PCE (%)) leads to a corresponding improvement in the photo-generation of mobile carriers. Therefore, when Ag is included in the BHJ film, different forms of the Ag particles produce different absorption properties and different levels of reflectance.

In BHJ solar cells, the active layer (with maximum efficiency) generally has a thickness of less than 200 nm. One of the major roles of silver nanomaterials in BHJ solar cells is the effective light scattering effect. To maximize the efficiency of Ag nanomaterials, researchers generally prefer to use larger materials than smaller ones. Unfortunately, the limited film thickness of BHJ films makes it impossible to use Ag nanomaterials larger than 200 nm. Thus, 2D nanostructures with high aspect ratios can be overcome if the material is spread horizontally on the target substrate during the spin-coating process. This assumption is reasonable because the enhancement of van der Waals interactions between the Ag nanoplate surface and the target surface arises primarily from the structural features of the 2D nanosheets. As such, when Ag nanoplates are sheared during spin-coating of poly (3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene: poly (styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) surface, it is horizontal on the PEDOT: PSS surface. Easy to be oriented.

This study involved poly (3-hexylthiophene) / [6,6] -phenyl C ₇₁ butyric acid methyl-ester ([6,6] -phenyl C ₇₁ butyricacidmethyl-ester = PC ₇₁ BM) or poly [N-9 "-hepta-decanyl-2,7-carbazole] -alt-5,5- (4 ', 7'-di-2-thienyl-2 ', 1', 3'-benzothiadiazole) {poly [N-9 "-hepta-decanyl-2,7-carbazole] -alt-5,5- (4 ', 7'-di-2-thienyl -2 ', 1', 3'-benzothiadiazole) = PCDTBT} / [6,6] -phenyl C ₇₁ Butyric acid methyl-ester {[6,6] -phenyl C ₇₁ BHJ solar cells prepared with any of butyricacidmethyl-ester = PC ₇₁ BM} included two different forms of controlled Ag material (Ag NPs and Ag nanoplates). When the material is included in the BHJ, Ag NPs and nanoplates can have different absorption spectra and light reflection levels, the difference of which can strongly affect the cell. To compare and study how the morphology of Ag materials affects the performance of solar cell devices, we herein mix Ag NPs and Ag nanoplates in BHJ solution with various weight ratios from 0.1% to 1% by weight. did. Ag nanoplates are also well dispersed in the BHJ film after the spin-coating process. The optimized mixing ratio of 0.5% by weight containing Ag nanoplates in the BHJ film allows PCE to P3HT / PC ₇₁ BM due to the light-trapping effect and the improved optical path length in the active layer. Increased from 3.2% to 4.4% and from 5.9% to 6.6% for PCDTBT / PC ₇₁ BM.

3 (a) shows a schematic diagram of a device having two different forms of Ag material of Ag NPs and nanoplates. Figure 3 (b) shows the chemical structure of the electron donor polymer P3HT, PCDTBT and electron acceptor polymer PC ₇₁ BM. The morphology of the synthesized Ag material was confirmed by SEM image. As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the nanoparticle diameter is about 40 nm and the plate thickness is 200 nm to 500 nm. The ultraviolet-visible absorbance spectrum of FIG. 4 (c) confirmed that the synthesized Ag NPs had a maximum absorbance peak around 420 nm; In addition, the nanoplates can identify a very wide range of peaks from 400 nm to 800 nm. Analysis of the energy dispersion spectrum of FIG. 5 shows that the synthesized nanoplates were composed of Ag elements. Moreover, different forms of the Ag material had different colors when Ag was dispersed in ethanol solvent. The Ag NPs were dark green and the Ag nanoplates were light gray. For these reasons, different forms of synthesized Ag material produce different absorbance forms and the reflection phenomenon appears to be determined by the shape and size of Ag. Since the particles are large and have an aspect ratio of greater than 50, Ag nanoplates can efficiently reflect incident sunlight.

FIG. 6 (a) shows the photocurrent of a BHJ device containing Ag NPs or Ag nanoplates having a ratio of 0.5% by weight relative to the total weight of pure BHJ (P3HT / PC ₇₁ BM) devices without Ag and the donor-receptor polymer mixture This shows the voltage (JV) curve. P3HT / PC ₇₁ BM BHJ devices without Ag material have 3.2% PCE, 0.60 V open-circuit voltage (V _oc ) and 11.93 mA / cm short-circuit current (J _sc ) ² , and a fill factor (FF) had a value of 0.44. In contrast, BHJ devices with optimized proportions of 0.5% by weight of Ag NPs or Ag nanoplates had improved PCE values of 4.0% and 4.4%, respectively. The fact that the photo-current density (J _sc ) was increased from 11.93 mA / cm ² for pure BHJ without Ag to 13.85 mA / cm ² for Ag nanoplates was improved in device performance. It is an important factor. The series resistance of BHJ containing no Ag was 8.95 Ωcm ² , whereas the series resistance of BHJ containing Ag nanoplates was 2.94 Ωcm ² , which is a lower level. As shown in Fig. 6 (b), this decrease seems to be related to higher short circuit current. Overall device efficiency and average values are summarized in Table 1 and FIG. 7, respectively. BHJ with P3HT / PC ₇₁ BM BHJ or Ag material without Ag (Ag nanoparticles or Ag nanoplates with a proportion of 0.5% by weight), and PCDTBT / PC ₇₁ BM BHJ or Ag nanoplate without Ag The efficiency of the device with BHJ including (0.5 wt.%) Is shown in Table 1 below.

FIG. 7 shows that the BHJ device (4.41%, 0.61 V, 13.96 mA / cm ² , 0.51) containing the Ag nanoplate in the above embodiment is a device using BHJ without Ag (3.12%, 0.60 V, 12.33 mA). / cm ² , 0.42) and increased average energy conversion efficiency, open circuit voltage (V), photocurrent density (mA / cm ² ) over BHJ (3.94%, 0.61 V, 13.11 mA / cm ² , 0.49) including Ag NPs , And FF.

The proportion of BHJ active layer and Ag material was optimized by varying the concentration from 0.1% to 1% by weight. An optimized 0.5% by weight ratio between active material and Ag material was used. As shown in FIG. 8 and in each inset, the P3HT / PC ₆₁ BM BHJ active layer containing Ag NPs or nanoplates at a ratio greater than 0.5 wt% showed less FF values than the FF values of the compound optimized device. 9 shows three kinds of SEM images of the BHJ active layer. 9 (a) shows P3HT / PC ₇₁ BM BHJ without Ag with a clean surface morphology. 9 (b) and 9 (c) show BHJ with 40 nm Ag NPs (0.5 wt%) and BHJ with Ag nanoplates (0.5 wt%), respectively. These images confirmed that Ag NPs and Ag nanoplates can be well dispersed but still retain their specific shape and size within the BHJ film. FIG. 9 (d) shows that the Ag nanoplates are slightly tilted or twisted when mixed with the BHJ solution or after the spin-coating process. Interestingly, the surface roughness of the mixed film did not change when BHJ combined with Ag nanoplates. In FIG. 10, atomic force microscopy (AFM) results showed that the root mean square (RMs) of the surface roughness of BHJ (6.9 nm) without Ag contained BHJ (5.9 nm) with Ag nanoplates. It was measured to be similar to the root mean square (RMs) of the surface roughness of).

BHJ films containing Ag nanoplatelets had better absorption than BHJ containing pure Ag and Ag NPs containing no Ag because they could scatter incident light more effectively due to their large particle size. As shown in the ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum (FIG. 11), the shape of the Ag nanoplates shows that the BHJ film containing Ag nanoplates has improved light absorption more than the pure BHJ film or BHJ film containing Ag NPs. The diffuse reflection spectrum of the incident light as a function of wavelength is similar to the absorption spectrum in FIG. 6 (c). This similarity suggests that the length of the optical path in the BHJ film can be improved. Thus, P3HT / PC ₇₁ BM BHJ devices containing Ag nanoplates (0.5 wt.%) Are higher than P3HT / PC ₇₁ BM BHJ containing Ag or BHJ containing Ag NPs at a reflection wavelength around 400 nm to 500 nm. Light absorption. The scattering effect of Ag nanoplates increases the effective length of the optical path, which in turn increases the production of electron-hole pairs. The enhanced light absorption is closely associated with increased J _sc and PCE levels for BHJ devices. The ratio of Ag nanoplates was also optimized in other PCDTBT / PC ₇₁ BM BHJ active layers to demonstrate the positive effect of Ag nanoplates on universal BHJ devices. The FF value remained 0.57 and the J _sc value was 11.63 mA / cm ² , as shown in FIG. 6 (d). To a significant size of 13.19 mA / cm ² . BHJ devices with Ag nanoplates showed increased average energy conversion efficiency over BHJ devices with Ag NPs or without Ag material (more than 10 samples were tested as shown in FIG. 12). Additionally, as shown in FIGS. 13A-13D, all cases of BHJ solar cells with thick active layers and thin active layers including Ag nanoplates showed increased FF and PCE (%) than BHJ devices without Ag.

In conclusion, we demonstrated the positive effects of Ag nanoplates in P3HT / PC ₇₁ BM and PCDTBT / PC ₇₁ BM BHJ solar cell devices. BHJ containing Ag nanoplates has a larger J _sc , and PCE value than BHJ containing Ag and BHJ containing Ag NPs. This result is due to the fact that the active layer has improved light absorption because the length of the optical path is increased by efficient dispersion and light trapping in the BHJ active film. The shape of metal NPs is considered to be an important factor in maximizing the doping effect of BHJ solar cells. Finally, the BHJ active layer containing 0.5 wt% Ag nanoplates had a PCE of 3.2% to 4.4% for P3HT / PC ₇₁ BM BHJ devices and an increase of 5.9% to 6.6% for PCDTBT / PC ₇₁ BM BHJ devices.

It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing description of the embodiments is for illustrative purposes and that those skilled in the art can easily modify the invention without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. It is therefore to be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive. For example, each component described as a single entity may be distributed and implemented, and components described as being distributed may also be implemented in a combined form.

The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the detailed description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents should be construed as being included within the scope of the present invention.

110: transparent electrode
120: hole transport layer
130: photoelectric conversion layer
140: electron transport layer
150: metal electrode

Claims (14)

A transparent electrode and a metal electrode disposed to face each other; And
It includes a photoelectric conversion layer positioned between the transparent electrode and the metal electrode,
The photoelectric conversion layer comprises a metal nanoplate dispersed in a blend of an electron donor and an electron acceptor,
Organic solar cell.
The method of claim 1,
The electron donor comprises a conductive organic polymer,
The electron acceptor includes a fullerene compound, a perylene compound, or a semiconductor nanoplate,
The conductive organic polymer and the fullerene-based compound is to form a bulk heterojunction (bulk heterojunction = BHJ), an organic solar cell.
3. The method of claim 2,
The conductive organic polymer is an organic solar cell comprising an amorphous organic polymer.
The method of claim 1,
The metal nanoplate is gold (Au), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), And metals selected from the group consisting of combinations thereof.
The method of claim 1,
The metal nanoplate is an organic solar cell comprising silver (Ag) nanoplates.
The method of claim 1,
The thickness of the metal nanoplate is 200 nm to 500 nm, an organic solar cell.
3. The method of claim 2,
The conductive organic polymer is poly-3-hexylthiophene, poly (N-9 "-hepta-decanyl-2,7-carbazole-al-5,5- (4 ', 7'-di-2-thier Nyl-2 ', 1', 3 ')-benzothiadiazole), poly (4, 4'-bis (2-ethylhexyl) dithieno [3,2-b: 2', 3'-d ] Silol) -2,6-diyl-alt- (4,7-bis (2-thienyl) -2,1,3-benzothiadiazole) -5,5'-diyl, and combinations thereof The organic solar cell comprising one selected from the group consisting of.
3. The method of claim 2,
The fullerene-based compound is (6,6) -phenyl-C ₆₁ -butyric acid methyl ester, (6,6) -phenyl-C ₇₁ -butyric acid methyl ester, (6,6) -phenyl-C _77- Butyric Acid Methyl Ester, (6,6) -Phenyl-C ₇₉ -Butyric Acid Methyl Ester, (6,6) -Phenyl-C ₈₁ -Butyric Acid Methyl Ester, (6,6) -Phenyl-C ₈₃ An organic solar cell comprising one selected from the group consisting of -butyric acid methyl ester, (6,6) -phenyl-C ₈₅ -butyric acid methyl ester, and combinations thereof.
The method of claim 1,
The metal nanoplate is less than 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the photoelectric conversion layer, an organic solar cell.
The method of claim 1,
The metal nanoplate is less than 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the photoelectric conversion layer, an organic solar cell.
The method of claim 1,
An organic solar cell further comprising a hole transport layer formed between the transparent electrode and the photoelectric conversion layer, and an electron transport layer formed between the photoelectric conversion layer and the metal electrode.
The method of claim 1,
The photovoltaic layer is an organic solar cell having a thin film form of 10 nm to 200 nm thickness.
Forming a transparent electrode on the transparent substrate;
Forming a photoelectric conversion layer on the transparent electrode; And
Forming a metal electrode on the photoelectric conversion layer
Including;
The photoelectric conversion layer is prepared by mixing and dispersing a metal nanoplate in a solution containing an electron donor and an electron acceptor,
The method of manufacturing an organic solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
The method of claim 13,
The solution containing the electron donor and the electron acceptor is chlorobenzene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, chloroform, acetone, acetonitrile, dimethyl acetamide, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl n-propyl as a solvent. Ketone, N-methylpyrrolidone, propylene carbonate, nitromethane, sulfolane, ethylene glycol, and one or more selected from the group consisting of hexamethylphosphoramide, method for producing an organic solar cell.

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