KR20130131887A - Vector fish fin thruster - Google Patents

Abstract

The conventional BCF propulsion using a caudal fin and MPF propulsion using a pectoral fin have limitations in controllability and straightness, and a submarine is characterized by being largely restricted by payload. Thus, a lot of problems occur in the miniaturization and energy side of a submarine even though the submarine includes the two propulsion methods at the same time. The purpose of the present invention is to tackle the problems and to provide a fish fin vector thruster with a simple structure which is designed to be appropriate for being used in a small submarine. The fish fin vector thruster can allow a submarine to go straight, turn, move underwater, float, turn at the original position, move horizontally, and go reversely, using only one propelling device, that is, a caudal fin comprising two actuators. In addition, the fish fin vector thruster can realize an underwater 3D movement such as turning and moving underwater and going reversely and moving horizontally, by combining each moving mode.

Description

Vector fish fin thruster

The present invention relates to a vector fish fin thruster that can be applied to a submersible propeller.

The abnormal temperature caused by global warming, acidification of seawater, marine pollution, and the decrease of the population engaged in fishing have caused a great change in the production form of fisheries, and now the age of marine ranches has emerged. The trend of fishing has been transformed into 'build-up fishery' like farmland or forest in 200 nautical miles of water instead of the existing 'offshore offshore and offshore offshore', and is aiming to supply stable future fish food resources in the acceleration of severe marine pollution. . At the marine ranch, divers enter and monitor live fish tanks frequently to maintain a comfortable breeding environment. Submersibles such as underwater robots are needed to perform the heavy labor of management and monitoring in real time on behalf of divers without stressing the fish being bred. .

Submersibles can be roughly classified into conventional propeller propulsion using screw propeller propellers and biomimetic propulsion applying fish swimming mechanisms to propellers. Fish robots equipped with biomimetic propulsion have been studied in marine ranches and marine environment measurement fields, such as the Navy, because they are less noise than propellers, expect high maneuverability and high speed swimming like fish.

Fish robots have been mechanically developed to mimic the propulsion of fish. The propulsion method of fish is based on Lindsay's classification shown in FIG. 1, which is mainly driven by anal fin (BCF swimming modes, Body and / or Caudal Fins) and pectoral fin. It is classified into two types: MPF swimming modes, Median and / or Paired Fins. MPF propulsion using pectoral fin has excellent maneuverability such as turning at low speed and vertex support (DPS), and BCF propulsion using caudal fin provides excellent swimming performance when driving straight at high speed. Exert. So far, fish robots have been developed into two types: the tail fin, which focuses on the propulsion performance (previous performance), and the streamlined manner, which exhibits excellent maneuverability, including turning performance by the pectoral fin.

The structure of a conventional fish robot is shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, respectively. 2, 3, and 4 each show an example of a fish robot that employs both a propelling method (BCF propulsion) using a tail fin, a propelling method using a pectoral fin (MPF propulsion), and both methods simultaneously. In general, the propulsion method using the caudal fin has two or more joints, one in the fuselage and one connection part between the fuselage and the caudal fin. In order to make the pivoting movement, the shape of the fuselage is deformed due to the vibration of the caudal fin along with the offset angle to the fuselage joint. The propulsion method using pectoral fin is developed for the purpose of high steering performance by hovering and turning in place at low speed by mounting a pair of pectoral fins on the left and right sides or upper and lower sides of the fuselage, as shown in FIG. Straight ahead is also possible. That is, FIG. 5 illustrates the recovery lock which pulls the water to the pectoral fin and returns the power stroke and pectoral fin to the position capable of attracting water again by using the resistance of the water to obtain a large propulsion force. However, the propulsion method using the pectoral fin has disadvantages such as a need for a pair of propellers and a poor efficiency when going straight. Thus, a method employing both pectoral and caudal fins has been developed as shown in FIG. 3, but many propellers protrude from the body, and there is a risk of damage to the propellers in a complex seabed. However, the biggest problem is that many propellers in the fuselage of small submersibles such as fish robots are disadvantageous in terms of energy utilization and the reduction of payloads in the submersible due to many propellers.

As such, the problem of propellers in submersibles has already been a problem not only in fish robots but also in conventional propeller propellers. A plurality of propeller propellers have been miniaturized and simplified in order to have market competitiveness, and a single propeller called a vector thruster, which can change the thrust direction of the propeller, has been developed to solve the submersible energy problem and the miniaturization problem.

Conventional tail fin propulsion method (BCF propulsion) and pectoral fin propulsion method (MPF propulsion) is limited in maneuverability and straightness, and due to the nature of the submersible which is heavily constrained by payload, it is equipped with two propulsion methods at the same time. Since many obstacles occur in terms of miniaturization and energy of the submersible, the present invention aims to overcome this problem and provide a fish fin vector propeller having a simple structure designed to be used in a submersible such as a small fish robot.

According to an aspect of the present invention,

Caudal fin which inclines upward and downward or rotates clockwise or counterclockwise to generate propulsion force;

A shaft connecting the tail fin and the second actuator;

First and second uniaxial links attached to upper and lower portions of the shaft;

It is fixed inside the hull, and one end is connected to the first link and the other end is connected to the second link, so that the first link and the second link moves in the opposite direction, respectively, while operating in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. A first actuator tilting the tail fin connected to the shaft in a vertical direction;

A second actuator fixed inside the hull, connected to the shaft via a ball joint, and acting clockwise or counterclockwise to rotate the tail fin connected to the shaft clockwise or counterclockwise;

Connect the shaft and the second actuator, and are located in the center of the first link and the second link together with the first link and the second link in a straight line on the center line, and the operation of the first actuator or the second actuator A ball joint for allowing the shaft to tilt in the vertical direction or to rotate in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction;

It provides a fish pin vector propeller comprising a.

The present invention is a simple propeller suitable for use in a small submersible, which is not limited to maneuverability, straightness, payload, etc., and can significantly reduce energy required for operation.

1 is a classification of Lindsay.
2 to 4 is a structure of a conventional fish robot.
5 is a power stroke and recoverist lock of the fish robot.
Figure 6 is a structure of a fish pin vector propeller according to the present invention.
Figure 7 is a fish pin vector propeller according to the present invention seen from above (A direction of Figure 6).
8 is a view of the fish pin vector propeller according to the present invention seen from the side (B direction of FIG. 6).
9 is a layout form between the first link, the second link and the ball joint according to the present invention.
10 and 11 is the principle of the thrust generation by the fish pin vector propeller according to the present invention when going straight horizontally.
12 to 19 is a principle of thrust generation by the fish pin vector propeller according to the present invention when the left turn or the priority turn horizontally.
20 to 24 is a principle of thrust generation by the fish pin vector propeller according to the present invention when injured or settled.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to designate the same or similar components throughout the drawings. In the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear. In addition, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below, but the technical spirit of the present invention is not limited thereto and may be variously modified and modified by those skilled in the art.

In general, biomimetic submersibles have been researched and adopted for the control of tail fins and their mechanisms with a focus on propulsion performance. In addition, in order to control the pitch angle and heading angle of the submersible, in addition to the caudal fin, most of the submersible parts were equipped with pectoral fins serving as elevators and rudders in general submersibles. However, since the submersible uses its own power (battery), it is disadvantageous to use such a lot of actuators, and the control is not simple. In addition, many actuators can damage the propellers in a complex marine environment and render them unnavigable, which can cause submersibles to return to platforms or land stations.

Accordingly, the fish pin vector propeller according to the present invention allows the submersible to go straight and turn, as well as submersible, injured, in situ, transverse, and reversible, with one propulsion device, the tail fin consisting of two actuators. By combining the exercise modes, it was possible to implement underwater three-dimensional movements such as turning and submerged movements and backward and lateral movements.

Figure 6 shows the structure of a fish pin vector propeller according to the present invention. Fish fin vector propeller according to the present invention, the tail fin (1) for generating a propulsion while tilting in the vertical direction or rotated clockwise or counterclockwise; A shaft 2 connecting the tail fin 1 and the second actuator 22; Uniaxial first links 11 and second links 12 attached to upper and lower portions of the shaft 2; It is fixed inside the hull, one end is connected to the first link 11 and the other end is connected to the second link 12, the first link 11 and the first while operating in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction A first actuator 21 for driving the two links 12 and tilting the tail fin 1 connected to the shaft 2 in the up and down direction; It is fixed inside the hull, connected to the shaft 2 via the ball joint 30, and operated clockwise or counterclockwise to connect the tail fin 1 connected to the shaft 2 clockwise or counterclockwise. A second actuator 22 for rotating; The shaft 2 and the second actuator 22 are connected to each other, and the first link 11 and the second link are disposed in a straight line on the center line together with the first link 11 and the second link 12. 12 is located in the center of the ball joint in conjunction with the operation of the first actuator (21) or the second actuator (22) to allow the shaft (2) to tilt in the vertical direction or to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise 30, including. Hereinafter, each of these components and the operation principle of the present invention will be described in more detail.

The first link 11 and the second link 12 are attached to the shaft 2 connecting the tail fin 1 and the second actuator 22. Each end of the first actuator 21 is connected to the first link 11 and the second link 12, respectively. That is, one end of the first actuator 21 is connected to the first link 11, the other end is connected to the second link 12. The first actuator 21 fixed inside the hull serves to tilt the tail fin 1 connected to the shaft 2 in the vertical direction by operating in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction (FIG. 8). The second actuator 22 fixed inside the hull serves to rotate the caudal fin 1 connected to the shaft 2 clockwise or counterclockwise by operating clockwise or counterclockwise (FIG. 7).

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 9, the first link 11, the second link 12, and the ball joint 30 are arranged in a straight line on the center line of the submersible, and the ball joint 30 is located at the center thereof. It is good to be located. As such, the first link 11, the second link 12, and the ball joint 30 are disposed in a straight line so that the movement of the shaft 2 due to the operation of the first actuator 21 is performed up and down. It is also intended to be linked with the rotational movement of the second actuator (22).

Figure 7 is a view from above the fish pin vector propeller according to the present invention (A direction of Figure 6), Figure 8 is a view from the side (B direction of Figure 6), Figure 7 and Figure 8 are the present invention, respectively Shows the operation principle of the fish pin vector propeller according to In FIG. 7, the tail fin 1 and the shaft 2 rotate while the second actuator 22 operates, and in FIG. 8, the tail fin 1 and the shaft (1) while the first actuator 21 operates. 2) is inclined up and down. Combining the up-and-down motion of FIG. 8 with the rotational motion of FIG. 7 may implement the flapping motion of the submersible.

Hereinafter, when the submersible is a) horizontally straight, b) left turn or priority turn horizontally, c) injured or settled, d) injured or settled by the fish pin vector propeller according to the present invention Each operation principle will be explained by dividing (spiral movement).

a) when going straight

10 and 11 show a thrust generating mechanism (principle) by the lift force of the fish pin vector propeller according to the present invention as a side view (XZ plan). Since the direction of thrust generation is in the X-axis direction, the submersible goes straight horizontally. The merit of using the caudal fin (1) as a thrust source is that the hydrodynamically efficient 'lift' can be used. Here, 'lift' refers to a fluid force acting in a direction perpendicular to the flow, and 'thrust' refers to a fluid force generated in the submersible direction (X-axis in FIG. 11). In FIG. 10, only the tail fin 1 is illustrated without the submersible, and the tail fin 1 is advanced from the right side to the left side of FIG. 10. The schematic diagram of the submersible in each state (1-5) of FIG. 10 is shown in FIG. In FIG. 11 both the submersible and the caudal fin 1 and the shaft 2 connecting them are shown. In addition, in FIG. 11, the side view (XZ plan) in each state (1-⑤) is shown on the left side, and the back view (YZ plan) is shown on the right side. Θ _{f 2} indicated in the side view means the angle that the X axis makes with the shaft 2 and defines the upward direction as positive. On the other hand, θ _{f 1} indicated in the rear view defines the angle at which the shaft 2 rotates counterclockwise as Positive.

Here, the tail fin (1) has a pitch angle (at elevation angle) with respect to the relative flow rate to the fluid by the vertical motion (hibing) of the entire tail fin like a dolphin fin, resulting in a lift force with a propulsion direction component This happens. The components perpendicular to the propulsion direction (X-axis) disappear from each other due to the reciprocating motion, so only the components in the propulsion direction remain when time averages. This is the basic principle of the thrust generation of the fish pin vector propeller according to the present invention and an example of the simplest wing movement to go straight. At this time, there is no rotation θ _{f 1} of the tail fin 1 around the shaft 2 as indicated in the rear view of FIG. 11. That is, in the present invention, when the shaft 2 only vibrates up and down to change θ _{f 2} , the submersible moves in a horizontal direction.

b) left turn or priority turn horizontally;

12 shows a thrust generating mechanism (principle) in the case of turning left with a fish pin vector propeller according to the present invention. Since the direction of thrust generation in Fig. 12 is the Y-axis direction, the submersible implements a left turning motion. In FIG. 12, the side view (XZ plan) in each state (1-⑤) is shown to the left side, and the back view (YZ plan) is shown to the right side. The movement of the caudal fin 1 in the case of the left turn horizontally interlocks not only the vertical motion of the caudal fin 1 (change of θ _{f 2} ) but also the rotation angle θ _{f 1} of the shaft 2. To move. The simple mechanism in the case of turning left like this is demonstrated by the following simple calculation method.

의 Z축방향의 수직거리를 x _G 라 했을 때, x _G 는 다음 식으로 나타내어 질 수 있다.In Figure 13, the center of the caudal fin with any shape

When the vertical distance in the Z-axis direction x _G d, _G x may be represented by the following formula:

의 속도 v _G (m/s)는 다음 식으로 나타내어진다.Where l _a is the length of caudal fin, l _f is the width of caudal fin, f ₂ (Hz) is the frequency of vertical motion, and θ _{f 2max} is the maximum value of θ _{f 2} . Thus the center

The velocity v _G (m / s) is expressed by the following equation.

은 속도 v _G 를 이용하면 다음과 같이 조선공학에서 이용되는 타의 식으로 표현할 수 있다.Therefore, as shown in Fig. 14, the direct pressure of the tail fin perpendicular to the face of the tail fin

Using the velocity v _G can be expressed by other equations used in shipbuilding engineering as follows.

은 꼬리지느러미의 면적, f _α 는 꼬리지느러미의 종횡비(아스펙트비: Λ)의 함수로 표현되는 꼬리직압력구배계수이며, 본 계산에서는 간단히 후지에 의한 다음과 같은 식으로 간이적으로 계산할 수 있다.Where ρ is the density of water,

Is the area of the caudal fin, f _α is the tail linear pressure gradient coefficient expressed as a function of the aspect ratio (aspect ratio: Λ ) of the caudal fin. In this calculation, it can be calculated simply by the following equation by Fuji. .

은 Y축 방향(그림에서 우방향)의 꼬리지느러미의 추력

및 Z축 방향(그림에서 상방향)의 꼬리지느러미의 추력

으로 분리해 표현할 수 있다.Also

Is the thrust of the tail fin in the Y-axis direction (right in the figure)

And thrust of the caudal fin in the Z direction (upward in the figure)

Can be expressed separately.

16 to 19 show examples of virtual calculation (simulation) of each parameter in the case of left turning horizontally. The value used in the calculation is as follows.

의 Z축방향의 수직거리인 x _G (m)(도 13)의 변화를 나타낸다. 시간이 경과함에 따라, x _G 는 0(m)에서 최대값인 0.07(m)까지 상승한 후, 최소값인 -0.07(m)까지 하강한 다음, 처음의 위치로 돌아옴을 알 수 있다. 도 18은 꼬리지느러미의 면과 수직인 꼬리지느러미의 직압력

(도 14)의 변화를, 도 19는 꼬리지느러미의 직압력

을 꼬리지느러미의 추력

및 꼬리지느러미의 추력

으로 분리(도 14)하여 각각의 변화를 나타낸다. 도 19에서 나타낸 것과 같이,

는 한 사이클 동안 합하면 0이 되며,

는 약 10(N)이 된다.In FIG. 16, a change in the vertical movement angle θ _{f 2} of the tail fin and the rotation angle θ _{f 1} of the shaft is shown. The vertical axis is the angle (deg) and the horizontal axis is the time (sec). _One cycle is when the shaft rotation angle θ _{f 1} rises from 0deg to 45deg, starts to descend, passes through 0deg, goes down to -45deg, and returns to the original 0deg. On the other hand, the rotation of each shaft (θ _{f 1)} is the caudal fin and down movement of each (θ _{f 2)} is to reach the apex of 45deg, -45deg and the 0deg, tail fins each vertical motion (θ _{f 2)} the origin When 0deg is reached, the vertices are 45deg and -45deg. 17 is the center of the caudal fin

The change of x _G (m) (FIG. 13) which is the vertical distance in the Z-axis direction of FIG. As time passes, it can be seen that x _G rises from 0 (m) to a maximum value of 0.07 (m), then descends to a minimum value of -0.07 (m), and then returns to the initial position. 18 shows the direct pressure of the caudal fin perpendicular to the face of the caudal fin.

The change of FIG. 14 shows the direct pressure of the caudal fin.

Thrust of the caudal fin

And thrust of caudal fin

Each change is shown in (Fig. 14). As shown in FIG. 19,

Add up to zero over one cycle,

Becomes about 10 (N).

Contrary to the above, in the case of the "horizontal priority motion", as shown in FIG. 15, the motion of FIG. 16 is imparted by rotating the tail fin in a direction symmetrical to the Z axis (symmetry with the left figure in FIG. 14). If it is possible to implement, the rest of the content is the same content as the 'horizontal left turning movement', so the detailed description is omitted.

c) injury or settling

의 Z축방향의 수직거리인 x _G (m)(도 13)의 변화를 나타내는데, 이는 'b) 수평으로 좌선회 또는 우선회하는 경우'와 같음을 알 수 있다. 도 23은 꼬리지느러미의 면과 수직인 꼬리지느러미의 직압력

(도 14)의 변화를, 도 24는 꼬리지느러미의 직압력

을 꼬리지느러미의 추력

및 꼬리지느러미의 추력

으로 분리(도 14)하여 각각의 변화를 나타낸다. 도 24에서 나타낸 것과 같이,

는 한 사이클 동안 합하면 0이 되며,

는 약 10(N)이 얻어진다. 즉, Z축방향(위쪽 방향)으로의 꼬리지느러미의 추력

이 플러스의 힘으로 작용하므로 잠수정은 아래쪽 방향으로 향하게 되어 잠수정은 침강하게 된다.Figure 20 is the initial angle of rotation by providing a (θ _{f 1} + initial each increment of) (top left figure in FIG. 20) shows the case that the vertical sedimentation, Fig. 21 to Fig. 24 to the shaft is the respective parameter in this case An example of virtual calculation (simulation) is shown. The value used in the calculation is the same as in the case of 'b) turning left or turning horizontally. The present invention, as can be seen in the vertical angle of motion ( θ _{f 2} ) of the tail fin and the rotation angle ( θ _{f 1} ) of the shaft shown in Figure 21, adding the initial angle of θ _{f 1} by a predetermined angle (initial angle) Increase or decrease), a 'vertical sink' exercise can be realized. In the example of FIG. 21, 45 deg (the increment of the initial angle) is added to the rotation angle θ _{f 1} of the shaft. Therefore, θ _{f 1} is repeated between 90deg and 0deg on the time axis. 22 is the center of the caudal fin

The change in x _G (m) (FIG. 13), which is the vertical distance in the Z-axis direction of, can be seen that 'b) is the same as the case of turning left or turning horizontally. 23 is the direct pressure of the caudal fin perpendicular to the face of the caudal fin

The change of FIG. 14 shows the direct pressure of the caudal fin.

Thrust of the caudal fin

And thrust of caudal fin

Each change is shown in (Fig. 14). As shown in FIG. 24,

Add up to zero over one cycle,

About 10 (N) is obtained. That is, the thrust of the tail fin in the Z axis direction (up direction)

Because of the positive force, the submersible is directed downward and the submersible sinks.

Contrary to the above, in the case of the 'vertically rising movement', the movement of the tail fin in the symmetrical direction on the Y axis can be implemented by applying the movement of FIG. 21, and the rest of the contents 'the vertical sinking movement' and The description is omitted since it is the same.

d) turning while injured or sinking (spiral movement)

In the case of spiral movement in the water in three dimensions can be implemented by combining the above-described 'b) the case of turning left or priority horizontally' and 'c) the case of injury or settling'.

By using the fish pin vector propeller according to the present invention as described above, in the three-dimensional underwater environment of the submersible spiral and horizontal movement and the vertical movement, such as swivel, settling, as well as the vertical movement such as settling and the spiral movement to settle down while turning The same three-dimensional motion can be realized.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, substitutions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims. will be. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention and the accompanying drawings are intended to illustrate and not to limit the technical spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments and accompanying drawings. The protection scope of the present invention should be interpreted by the following claims, and all technical ideas within the equivalent scope should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention.

1: caudal fin 2: shaft
11: first link 12: second link
21: First Actuator 22: Second Actuator
30: ball joint

Claims (1)

A tail fin (1) which generates propulsion while tilting in an up and down direction or rotating in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction;
A shaft 2 connecting the tail fin 1 and the second actuator 22;
Uniaxial first links 11 and second links 12 attached to upper and lower portions of the shaft 2;
It is fixed inside the hull, one end is connected to the first link 11 and the other end is connected to the second link 12, the first link 11 and the first while operating in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction A first actuator 21 which tilts the caudal fin 1 connected to the shaft 2 in the up-down direction by causing the two links 12 to move in opposite directions, respectively;
It is fixed inside the hull, connected to the shaft 2 via the ball joint 30, and operated clockwise or counterclockwise to connect the tail fin 1 connected to the shaft 2 clockwise or counterclockwise. A second actuator 22 for rotating;
The shaft 2 and the second actuator 22 are connected to each other, and the first link 11 and the second link are disposed in a straight line on the center line together with the first link 11 and the second link 12. 12 is located in the center of the ball joint in conjunction with the operation of the first actuator (21) or the second actuator (22) to allow the shaft (2) to tilt in the vertical direction or to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise 30;
Fish pin vector propeller comprising a.

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