KR20130103460A - Cooling system of low temperature water boiling with lower-height/side positioned condenser compare to evaporator for industrial machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A low temperature boiling cooling system for industrial machines is provided to remove the constraint on the installation position of a condenser by locating the condenser to the lower part or the side part of an evaporator. CONSTITUTION: A low temperature boiling cooling system for industrial machines comprises an evaporator (11), a lower evaporation header (13), and a refrigerant supply source (30). The evaporator is installed to be thermally connected to a cooling object. The refrigerant supply source supplies a liquid refrigerant to one side of the lower evaporation header of the evaporator. The evaporator is comprised of one among a refrigerant accommodation space of a heat exchanger for a condenser of a refrigerating system, the heat exchanger for an absorption type refrigerator of an absorption type refrigerating system, a refrigerant using condenser of a steam condenser system using evaporation heat of the refrigerant, or a heat exchange type evaporator. The heat which the evaporated refrigerant includes is discharged to the outside. A condenser condensing the evaporated refrigerant is installed in the lower part or the side part of the evaporator. An upper evaporation header of the evaporator and an upper condensation header of the condenser are connected to pass through each other.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a cooling system for low temperature boiling industrial machinery in which a condenser is located at the lower or side of an evaporator,

Design of cooling system structure

Refrigeration systems (including absorption refrigeration systems) including refrigerators / air conditioners, power plants including transformers, fluid circulation cooling systems, and computer systems / computer rooms that cool by fluid circulation generate heat when the equipment is in operation. The prior art generally cools the facilities in a water cooling manner to exhaust the generated heat. Recently, a method of natural circulation of refrigerant or liquefied gas boiling at low temperature instead of water without using a water pump has been developed and used in some facilities. In particular, the Applicant has proposed a cooling system in which water is boiled at low temperature under low pressure through Application No. 10-2011-0048210 [Low Temperature Boiling Natural Circulation Cooling System of Water]. However, in the above-mentioned inventions, since the refrigerant condensed in the condenser is intended to be circulated by the natural circulation by the gravity, there is a physical restriction that the condenser should exist above the boiler heat exchanger serving as the evaporator.

In the present invention, the condenser is positioned below the evaporator or on the side of the evaporator to remove the constraint on the installation position of the condenser. The refrigerant condensed in the condenser (liquefied gas including water and Freon refrigerant) is drawn out by a pump to prevent the condenser internal space from being filled with the liquid refrigerant, thereby allowing the condenser to perform a continuous function. The circulation amount of the refrigerant is at least as high as the efficiency of cooling by using a large amount of latent heat of evaporation, and the condenser can be submerged in the ground, seawater or river using the cold or heat of the side of the evaporator. Allow to use cold heat.

A condenser is installed on a side or a lower portion of the evaporator, and an upper portion of the evaporator and a portion of the upper portion of the condenser are connected by a pipe. Then, the pressure inside the cooling circuit is lowered to make the liquid refrigerant boil at low temperature, The liquid refrigerant absorbs heat from the cooling object while cooling the liquid refrigerant, and a liquid refrigerant withdrawal portion is installed in the condenser to discharge the heat from the condenser to the outside, thereby continuously discharging the liquid refrigerant from the condenser to the outside, Make it work.

It is one of the most important tasks of various devices to generate heat while operating and to remove the heat, which not only makes the device work well but also contributes to increase the life and capacity. The conventional cooling method is a water cooling method in which water is forcedly circulated and cooled. Recently, a method of circulating and cooling the refrigerant in a natural circulation manner using a refrigerant or a liquefied gas used in a refrigeration cycle boiling at a low temperature Transformer cooling system. The water cooling system is expensive to cool and the natural circulation system of the refrigerant has a restriction condition that the condenser should be installed above the evaporator, which makes it difficult to select the location of the condenser. Especially, it uses the natural cold of the river The condenser had to descend to the bottom of the evaporator and could not be implemented.

   In the present invention, the liquid refrigerant 19 is continuously supplied to the evaporator 11 and condensed in the condenser 15. The liquid refrigerant 19 is continuously removed by the liquid refrigerant drawing pump 36 to secure a condensation space. Even if (15) is installed on the lower part or the side of the evaporator (11) to perform the cooling function to eliminate all the restrictions on the installation position of the condenser (15). In case of cooling by water cooling method, the difference between the cooling water temperature flowing into the cooling device and the cooling water temperature flowing out is about 7 ° C, so that the cooling heat amount is about 7cal / g, and the amount of cooling water circulating through the cooling device is 7cal / g It is divided and decided. In the present invention, since the latent heat of evaporation of water is about 540 cal / g, since the required amount of cooling water is only 1/70 to 1/80 as compared to the water cooling system, the amount of cooling water is greatly reduced, and the electrical energy circulating the cooling water is also great. Significantly reduced benefits are added.

1 is an explanatory view of a conventional natural circulation cooling system.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a problem that occurs when the condenser is located below the evaporator.
3 is an explanatory view of a cooling system for a low temperature boiling industrial machine in which the condenser of the present invention is located at the bottom or side of the evaporator.
Figure 4 is an explanatory view of another embodiment of a cooling system for a cold boiling industrial machine in which the condenser of the present invention is located at the bottom or side of the evaporator.
5 is a diagram illustrating a case where a gas-liquid separation tank is installed on an evaporator of the present invention.
6 is a diagram illustrating a case where the present invention is applied to a refrigeration cycle using a compressor.
7 is an explanatory view of applying the present invention to an absorption type refrigeration system.
8 is a diagram illustrating a case where the present invention is applied to a conventional steam equipment condenser system using a refrigerant vaporization heat.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a case applied to a condenser system in which a ground condenser is additionally provided. FIG.
10 is a diagram illustrating a case where the present invention is applied to a fluid built-in cooling object.

In case of cooling by water cooling method, the difference between the cooling water temperature flowing into the cooling device and the cooling water temperature flowing out is about 7 ° C, so that the cooling heat amount is about 7cal / g, and the amount of cooling water circulating through the cooling device is 7cal / g It is divided and decided. In the present invention, since the latent heat of evaporation of water is about 540 cal / g, since the required amount of cooling water is only 1/70 to 1/80 as compared to the water cooling system, the amount of cooling water is greatly reduced, and the electrical energy circulating the cooling water is also great. Significantly reduced benefits are added.

1 is an explanatory view of a conventional natural circulation cooling system. And a plurality of evaporation pipes 14 for connecting the evaporation upper header 12 and the evaporation lower header 13 with the evaporation lower header 13 installed at the upper part and the evaporation upper header 12 installed at the upper part, A condensation upper header 16 is installed on an upper portion of the evaporator 11 and a condensation lower header 17 is installed on a lower portion of the condenser upper header 16, A condenser 15 for removing the heat of the vaporized refrigerant to the outside of the cooling system is installed at a higher position than the evaporator, and the evaporator 11 is connected to the condenser lower header 17, The condensation lower header 17 of the condenser 15 and the evaporation lower header 13 of the evaporator 11 are connected by a pipe so that the evaporation upper header 12 of the condenser 15 and the condensation upper header 16 of the condenser 15 pass through, The evaporator, the pipe, the condenser, the pipe, and the evaporator sequence Configure the cooling system constituting a closed circuit and fill the liquid coolant (19) to a surge of heat absorbed in the evaporator 11, the evaporator 11, lowering the pressure of the cooling system inside the space. The principle of operation is as follows. When the evaporator 11 coupled to the object to be cooled (not shown) on the heat exchange side absorbs heat from the object to be cooled (not shown), the liquid refrigerant 19 filled in the evaporator 11 boils and becomes a gaseous state, Flows into the condenser (15), discharges heat to the outside, liquefies, flows into the evaporator (11) by gravity and flows into the evaporator (11), completes one cycle of cooling, and repeats this process to cool the object to be cooled. There is a restriction that the condenser 15 must be installed above the evaporator 11 filled with the liquid coolant 19 so that the liquid coolant does not always remain in the inner space of the condenser 15 in order to exhibit the performance of the condenser 15 properly.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a problem that occurs when the condenser is located below the evaporator. The liquid refrigerant 19 to be evaporated by the heat absorbed from the object to be cooled must be filled in the evaporator 11 so that the evaporator 11 is positioned below the evaporator 11, The liquid refrigerant 19 is filled in the condenser 15 so that the condenser 15 can not serve as the condenser 15 because there is no room for the gaseous refrigerant to enter the condenser 15. Even if the condenser 15 is installed on the side portion which is equal to or almost equal in height to the evaporator, there is a problem that the condenser 15 can not perform the role of the condenser 15 with similar logic.

3 is an explanatory view of a cooling system for a low temperature boiling industrial machine in which the condenser of the present invention is located at the bottom or side of the evaporator. An evaporator 11 provided so as to be thermally coupled to a cooling object (not shown) so that heat exchange with a cooling object (not shown) can be performed and a liquid refrigerant 19 supplied to one side of the evaporation lower header 13 of the evaporator 11 The evaporator 11 is connected to the refrigerant supply source 30 through a pipe so that the evaporator 11 is connected to the refrigerant receiving space of the condenser heat exchanger 63 of the refrigerating system using the compressor or the absorption refrigerant heat exchanger of the absorption refrigerating system 74 (73) or a condenser (80) or a heat exchange type evaporator (103) of a vapor facility condenser system using a refrigerant vaporization heat, and a condenser for condensing the vaporized refrigerant by removing heat of the vaporized refrigerant to the outside 15 are installed at the lower portion or the side portion of the evaporator 11 and the evaporation upper header 12 of the evaporator 11 and the condensation upper header 16 of the condenser 15 are connected by a pipe, Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 15 & An evaporator 11, a pipe, a condenser 15, a liquid coolant outlet 39, and a liquid coolant outlet 39 for discharging the liquid coolant 19 condensed to one side of the liquid coolant supply port 30, And the inside of the evaporator 11 is filled with the liquid refrigerant 19 which can be boiled at the internal pressure lowered by the heat absorbed by the evaporator 11 to form a cooling system and the air in the internal space is discharged to the outside And the pressure is made low. It is a basic matter to use water as the liquid refrigerant 19. The refrigerant supply source 30 may be constituted by a refrigerant tank 31 connected to the refrigerant supply pipe 33 with the refrigerant regulating valve 32 and the liquid refrigerant withdrawing portion 39 is connected to the one way valve 34, The liquid refrigerant withdrawal pump 35, and the liquid refrigerant withdrawal pump 36 in this order. The liquid refrigerant (19) is one of liquefied gas including water and a refrigerant of Freon. The principle of operation is as follows. When the liquid refrigerant 19 is supplied from the refrigerant supply source 30 to the inside of the evaporator 11 which absorbs heat from the object to be cooled (not shown) by the heat exchange with the object to be cooled (not shown) The gasified refrigerant vaporizes at a low temperature, and the vaporized gas refrigerant flows into the condenser 15 connected to the pipe. The gas refrigerant in the condenser 15 discards heat to be liquefied and changes into a liquid refrigerant. Accordingly, the heat supplied from the object to be cooled in the evaporator 11 performs the cooling function by removing heat from the condenser 15 to the outside of the cooling system. The liquid refrigerant liquefied in the condenser 15 is continuously drawn out through the liquid refrigerant withdrawing portion 39 so that the liquid refrigerant 19 is not filled in the condenser 15 so that the condenser 15 continues to serve as a condenser To be performed. The evaporator 11 which is installed to be thermally coupled to the cooling target (not shown) is evaporated in the evaporator 11 or the evaporator 11 which is coupled so that the evaporation tube 14 is in direct contact with the cooling target (not shown). A separate fluid circulation space (not shown) capable of heat exchange with the tube 14 is formed, and the fluid absorbing the heat contained in the cooling target (not shown) is circulated to the fluid circulation space (not shown) while the evaporation tube 14 It is also included in the scope of the present invention that it is one of the evaporator 11 which is coupled to heat exchange. It is also included in the scope of the present invention to further install a vacuum pump 38 having a vacuum control valve 37 on one side of the cooling system so as to penetrate the inside of the cooling system in order to adjust the pressure in the cooling system.

Figure 4 is an explanatory view of another embodiment of a cooling system for a cold boiling industrial machine in which the condenser of the present invention is located at the bottom or side of the evaporator. The piping drawn out from the liquid refrigerant withdrawing portion 39 is extended to reuse the liquid refrigerant 19 drawn out from the liquid refrigerant withdrawing portion 39 by the refrigerant supply source 30 in FIG. (13). In this case, the cooling system constitutes the closed circuit in the order of the evaporator 11, the pipe, the condenser 15, the liquid refrigerant withdrawing portion 39 and the evaporator 11 in this order. This is a suitable method when the liquid refrigerant 19 used is discarded and new liquid refrigerant 19 can not be continuously supplied. 3, the liquid refrigerant 19 drawn out from the liquid refrigerant withdrawing portion 39 flows into the evaporation lower header 13 of the evaporator 11 through the extended piping, and the evaporator 11 is supplied with liquid refrigerant (19).

5 is a diagram illustrating a case where a gas-liquid separation tank is installed on an upper part of the evaporator of the present invention. 3 and 4, a vapor-liquid separating tank 51 is disposed above the evaporation upper header 12 of the evaporator 11 so as to pass through a plurality of tubes. In this case, in the evaporator 11, the liquid refrigerant 19 absorbing heat and absorbing heat is lifted up to the gas-liquid separation tank 51 to separate the gas and liquid. The gas refrigerant, which is comparable to the liquid refrigerant, flows into the condenser 15 And the non-boiled liquid refrigerant 19 goes down to the evaporator 11 to further absorb heat and boil. The operating principle is as shown in Fig. 3 or Fig.

6 is a diagram illustrating a case where the present invention is applied to a refrigeration cycle using a compressor. In the case of a refrigeration system including a refrigerator / air conditioner using a compressor, the capacity of the compressor must be very large when the place for absorbing heat and the place for discarding heat are far away, so that a freezing evaporator 61 is installed in a place where heat is absorbed The compressor 62 and the heat exchanger 63 for the condenser are provided near the freezer evaporator 61 and the refrigerant evaporator 61, the compressor 62, the heat exchanger 63 for the condenser, the expansion valve 64, ) To form a closed circuit by piping in this order. The condenser heat exchanger 63 is constructed so that a working fluid space (not shown) in which the refrigerant cycle working fluid circulates and a refrigerant receiving space (not shown) (Not shown) of the heat exchanger 63 for circulating and cooling the refrigerant in the refrigerant accommodation space (not shown) of the heat exchanger 63 for condenser, Cooling water is forcedly circulated through the water cooling system. In order to apply the present invention to a refrigeration system using a compressor, the evaporator 11 of the present invention is configured to replace the refrigerant receiving space (not shown) of the heat exchanger 63 for the condenser of the refrigeration system using the compressor. Industrial Applicability The present invention can be applied to an ice-making refrigeration system such as an industrial refrigeration system, a refrigeration system for a large air conditioning system, an ice making facility, and an ice rink. The principle of operation is as follows. In the case of applying the present invention, the condenser heat exchanger 63 serves as the evaporator 11, so that the refrigerant system is operated so that the hot refrigerant compressed by the compressor 62 is a working fluid space of the condenser heat exchanger 63 (not shown). When heat is supplied to the liquid refrigerant 19 supplied to the refrigerant receiving space (not shown) serving as the evaporator 11 is formed so as to exchange heat with each other. The remaining operation principle is as described in FIG. The heat generated inside the refrigerator is discarded in the indoor space. The present invention is very effective because it can prevent the temperature rise of the indoor space by throwing away the heat to a distant place without using additional energy. In the case of an air conditioner, the present invention can prevent pollution caused by hot air from the outdoor unit, thereby making a very pleasant environment.

7 is an explanatory view of applying the present invention to an absorption type refrigeration system. In the case of the absorption type refrigeration system 74, it is a new concept of refrigeration system in which water is boiled at a low temperature at a low pressure and cooling is repeated while heating and reducing the moisture absorbent concentration are repeated. The absorption type refrigerating system 74 can not but adopt a cooling system for circulating the refrigerant to the absorber heat exchanger 71 and the condenser heat exchanger 72 which are formed in the structure. The absorber heat exchanger 71 and the heat exchanger that requires cooling such as the condenser heat exchanger 72 are collectively referred to as an absorption refrigerant heat exchanger 73. In order to apply the present invention to the absorption refrigeration system 74, the evaporator 11 of the present invention is configured to replace the absorption chiller heat exchanger 73 of the absorption refrigeration system 74. The principle of operation is as follows. In the case of applying the present invention, since the absorption chiller heat exchanger 73 serves as the evaporator 11, when the absorption chiller system 74 operates, heat is supplied to the liquid refrigerant 19 supplied to the absorption chiller heat exchanger 73. do. The remaining operation principle is as described in FIG.

8 is a diagram illustrating a case where the present invention is applied to a conventional steam equipment condenser system using a refrigerant vaporization heat. It is an example of applying the present invention to the cooling device described in Application No. 10-2009-0021939 [Steam facility condenser system using refrigerant vaporization heat]. The evaporator 11 of the present invention is characterized in that it replaces the refrigerant using multiplexer 80 of the steam equipment condenser system using the refrigerant vaporization heat. Since the condenser 15 is required to discard a large amount of heat, the condenser 15 is very effective when it is installed in the river / sea / ground and natural cold heat can be utilized. The operation principle is as described in FIG. When the installation positions of the refrigerant-use condenser 80 and the condenser 15 are close to each other, a closed-loop cooling system may be configured as shown in Fig. However, when it is possible to supply cooling water near the refrigerant-use condenser 80, it is not necessary to reuse the water as the liquid refrigerant 19 condensed in the condenser 15 installed in the water or the ground, but the new cooling water is continuously supplied from the refrigerant supply source 30 And the liquid refrigerant 19 condensed in the liquid refrigerant withdrawing portion 39 is withdrawn, the cooling system is simplified, the equipment to be maintained / repaired is reduced, and there is also an advantage that a great amount of electricity for cooling water supply is saved.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a case applied to a condenser system in which a ground condenser is additionally provided. FIG. 8, a circulation direction switching valve 92 is additionally provided in a pipe connecting the refrigerant-using condenser 80 and the condenser 15, and a T branch is provided so as to pass through the pipes in the front piping of the circulation direction switching valve 92, A plurality of ground condensers 91 and condensed upper headers 16 are connected in parallel to the rear end piping and a plurality of ground condensers 91 and condensed lower headers 17 are connected in parallel, And then connected to the same pipe so that one end thereof is connected to the rear pipe of the circulation directional control valve 92 so as to pass through the pipes. The principle of operation is as follows. On a cold day, the atmospheric temperature is lower than the temperature in the river / sea / ground. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the cooling effect by operating the ground condenser 91 when the temperature of the ground is low even when the condenser 15 is installed in the river / sea / ground in preparation for hot weather. When the circulation direction switching valve 92 is opened and the ground condenser movable valve 93 is closed, the ground condenser 91 does not participate in the cooling operation. When the circulation direction switching valve 92 is closed and the ground condenser movable valve 93 is opened, The condensers 91 participate in the cooling operation.

10 is a diagram illustrating a case where the present invention is applied to a fluid built-in cooling object. OF transformer, mold transformer, gas transformer, reactor, generator stator, power generation opportunity, electric motor stator, electric motor stator, linear motor stator, electric power opportunity One of the electronic devices, the underground buried transformer, the indoor transformer, the outdoor transformer, the ground-mounted transformer (also called PAD transformer), the pillar transformer, the computer system / In order to apply the present invention, the fluid receiving space (not shown) and the refrigerant containing space (not shown) are provided with a heat exchange type evaporator 103 formed to allow mutual heat exchange and the fluid formed inside the cooling object 101. Connect the receiving space (not shown) and the fluid receiving space (not shown) of the heat exchange type evaporator 103 to pass through the pipe so as to be a closed circulation circuit. It is characterized in that the refrigerant receiving space (not shown) of the 103 to replace the evaporator (11). The principle of operation is as follows. When the fluid circulating pump 102 is operated to circulate the fluid heated in the fluid receiving space (not shown) of the fluid-contained object 101 to the fluid receiving space (not shown) of the heat exchange type evaporator 103, The liquid refrigerant 19 in the refrigerant receiving space (not shown) of the heat exchange type evaporator 103 used as the evaporator 11 by heat exchange is boiled to become a gas. The remaining principle is shown in Fig.

11: Evaporator 12: Evaporated header
13: evaporation lower header 14: evaporation tube
15: condenser 16: condensing top header
17: condensation lower header 18: condensation tube
19: liquid refrigerant 30: refrigerant supply source
31: Refrigerant tank 32: Refrigerant control valve
33: refrigerant supply pipe 34: one-way valve
35: liquid refrigerant collecting tank 36: liquid refrigerant withdrawing pump
37: Vacuum control valve 38: Vacuum pump
39: liquid refrigerant withdrawing portion 51: gas-liquid separation tank
61: freezing evaporator 62: compressor
63: Heat exchanger for condenser 64: Expansion side
71: absorber heat exchanger 72: condenser heat exchanger
73: absorption chiller heat exchanger 74: absorption chiller system
80: Refrigerant-use condenser 84: Boiler
85: High pressure turbine 86: Low pressure turbine
87: Feed water pump 91: Ground condenser
92: circulation direction switching valve 93: ground condenser operation valve
101: fluid-containing cooling object 102: fluid circulation pump
103: Heat exchanger type evaporator

Claims (1)

An evaporator 11 provided so as to be thermally coupled to a cooling object (not shown) so that heat exchange with a cooling object (not shown) can be performed and a liquid refrigerant 19 supplied to one side of the evaporation lower header 13 of the evaporator 11 The evaporator 11 is connected to the refrigerant supply source 30 through a pipe so that the evaporator 11 is connected to the refrigerant receiving space of the condenser heat exchanger 63 of the refrigerating system using the compressor or the absorption refrigerant heat exchanger of the absorption refrigerating system 74 (73) or a condenser (80) or a heat exchange type evaporator (103) of a vapor facility condenser system using a refrigerant vaporization heat, and a condenser for condensing the vaporized refrigerant by removing heat of the vaporized refrigerant to the outside 15 are installed at the lower portion or the side portion of the evaporator 11 and the evaporation upper header 12 of the evaporator 11 and the condensation upper header 16 of the condenser 15 are connected by a pipe, Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 15 & The coolant supply source 30, the evaporator 11, the piping, the condenser 15, the liquid refrigerant drawer 39 are installed by installing a liquid coolant extractor 39 for flowing out the condensed liquid refrigerant 19 to one side. In order to form a cooling system by filling water with a liquid refrigerant 19 which can boil at an internal pressure lowered by the heat absorbed by the evaporator 11 to form a cooling system, and to cool through the inside of the cooling system. The condenser is located on the bottom or side of the evaporator, characterized in that the vacuum pump 38 having a vacuum control valve 37 is installed on one side of the system to further discharge the air in the inner space to lower the pressure. Cooling system for low temperature boiling water of industrial machinery.

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