KR20130090600A - Apparatus and method of manufacturing torrefied pellet, and torrefied pellet - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A manufacturing device of a torrefied pellet is disclosed, along with a manufacturing method of the torrefied pellet and the torrefied pellet produced from the same. The torrefied pellet provided is configured to present a high calorific value per specific weight and to be easy to store and convey and has the least loss of the content because the torrefied pellet hardly generates powder, so that the pellet improves quality of a product. CONSTITUTION: A manufacturing method of a torrefied pellet comprises the steps of: crushing herb or wood materials to eject, naturally drying the crushed materials with self-ferment heat and solar energy, drying the dried material again up to the moisture content of 20-30%, pulverizing the dried material to the size of 0.4cm or less and molding a pellet, shaking powder out of the molded pellet, torrefying the pellet at high temperatures, dispersing the torrefied pellet in water and cooling the pellet, and tapping the pellet to remove powder.

Description

Apparatus and method of manufacturing torrefied pellet, and torrefied pellet}

The present invention relates to a semi-carbonized pellet, in particular, by molding the pellet using a herbal or wood system and then semi-carbonized (fire) high calorific value per unit weight, resistant to moisture and low differentiation rate, grinding degree The present invention relates to a semi-carbonized pellet manufacturing apparatus and method and a semi-carbonized pellet manufactured using the same.

In addition to preventing air pollution from fossil fuels, biomass is used as an eco-friendly energy, which is a herbaceous system (straw straw, corn stalks, barley, wheat straw, pulp, palm leaves, etc.) or wood, Solid pellets in a mixed form of wood and wood are mainly used.

These pellets are crushed and pulverized herbaceous or wood based and then dried to have a water content of 20 to 30%, and then molded into pellets.

However, such pellets have a lot of loss during the molding, storage, and transportation process because of the high rate of differentiation, that is, they are very vulnerable to moisture. have.

The present invention has been made in an effort to provide an apparatus and method for producing semi-carbonized pellets which are resistant to moisture and have very low differentiation rate by semi-carbonized molded pellets to solve the above problems.

Semi-carbonized pellet manufacturing apparatus of the present invention for achieving the above object,

Shredder for crushing and discharging the herbal or wood-based raw material;

A primary dryer for naturally drying raw materials discharged from the crusher;

A secondary dryer receiving raw materials discharged from the primary dryer and drying the hot air generated from a heat source;

A pulverizing and molding machine which receives raw materials from the secondary dryer and pulverizes them, and then molds them into pellets;

A primary selector for separating powder from the pellets discharged from the grinding and molding machine;

A carbonizer which receives the pellets from which the powder has been removed and semi-carbonizes them by high heat and injects the waste heat discharged into the secondary dryer;

A cooler for cooling the pellets discharged from the carbonizer;

Characterized in that consisting of; a secondary selector for separating the powder by receiving the cooled pellets.

The present invention has a high calorific value per unit weight by semi-carburizing the pellets, resistant to moisture, easy to store and transport, and there is little loss of powder, there is no loss, there is no possibility of spoilage and spontaneous ignition to improve the quality of the product You can increase it.

1 is a view showing a semi-carbonized pellet manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a view showing the structure of the primary dryer.
Figure 3 shows the structure of a secondary dryer.
Figure 4 shows the structure of a carbonizer.
Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional structure of the pellet conveying portion.
Figure 6 shows a structure according to another example of a carbonizer.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a view showing the structure of a semi-carbonized pellet manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, the raw material 10 of the herbal or wood-based is fed into the crusher 100 by the conveyor 20, the crusher 100 is The raw material is crushed to have a size of 0.8 ~ 1.2cm and discharged.

The raw material discharged from the crusher 100 is naturally dried in the primary dryer 200, and the detailed structure of the primary dryer 200 will be described with reference to FIG.

The storage tank 210 for storing the moisture-containing raw material is configured to be installed in the house 260 with mining.

The house 260 may be a vinyl house, a glass house, or a building having excellent light, and should have a structure in which an internal temperature may be increased by sunlight.

The raw material stored in the storage tank 210 is stirred while being supplied with a queue in the house 260 to have a primary dryness to have a uniform water content. Usually, the raw material stored in the storage tank 210 is produced or collected, and Since there are various moisture content depending on the environment, such as transportation and storage process, the deviation is very severe, it is very difficult to reach the desired moisture content by the moisture content deviation when drying immediately, it also takes a lot of time and energy.

In order to solve this problem, the queue that is raised inside the house 260 without using extra energy is put into the storage tank 210 to perform drying.

In this way, the raw material having a uniform moisture content after being primaryly dried is transferred by the conveyor 30 connected to the outside and introduced into the secondary dryer 300 so as to perform secondary drying until the desired moisture content is reached by hot air.

The long storage tank 210 is installed in the longitudinal direction in the interior of the house 260, the upper portion of the storage tank 210 is open, the lower bottom plate 230 is installed above a certain height from the ground and the ground The lower space part 240 is formed between the plates 230.

The storage tank 210 is provided with side support parts 220 at regular intervals from the outside to support the storage tank 210 from the side when the raw material containing the moisture is stored therein, and also rails on both sides of the upper end in the longitudinal direction 211 is provided.

In addition, an outlet 212 for discharging the raw material dried therein to the outside is formed below the end of the storage tank 210.

The rail 211 is provided with a trolley 250 having a power source 251 to reciprocate in the longitudinal direction of the storage tank 210. A wing support 254 is installed at the lower portion of the trolley 250 to stir. The blade 252 is installed, the stirring blade 252 is rotated by receiving power from the power source 251 of the trolley 250 to stir the raw material.

At this time, the power source may be an electric motor, a hydraulic motor, etc., the stirring blade 252 is provided with a rotating shaft 253 between the blade support 254 on both sides, the phase of the rotation shaft 253 to the outside A plurality of stirring blades 252 may be configured to be installed.

Meanwhile, a plurality of hot air supply pipes 280 for supplying hot air through the bottom plate 230 of the storage tank 210 are provided at a predetermined interval in the lower space 240 formed at the lower portion of the storage tank 210. One end thereof penetrates the bottom plate 230, and the other end thereof is connected to a blower 270 provided below or outside the reservoir 210.

Therefore, the blower 270 supplies the raised queue inside the house 260 to the inside of the reservoir 210 through the hot air supply pipe 280.

Referring to the primary drying operation by this configuration, the raw material containing water is stored and stored in the interior of the storage tank 210, the fermentation is started when the water content is about 40-50% of about 60 ℃ Heat is generated.

As fermentation progresses, decay occurs. At this time, the amount of heat as fuel drops, so that the drying is carried out by stirring and blowing when the time and temperature are appropriate.

For this agitation, the trolley 250 reciprocates on the rail 211. At this time, the stirring blade 252 rotates to agitate the raw material and is transferred toward the outlet 212.

At this time, the moisture of the raw material is evaporated to some extent by the natural drying while the raw material is stirred, but in order to double the evaporation of the water, the blower 270 is stored in the storage tank 210 through the hot air supply pipe 280. By supplying inside), drying can be doubled without using extra energy.

In addition, another outer house 261 is installed outside the house 260 so that the waste heat discharged from the secondary dryer 300 can be received without losing the heat of the house 260 to maintain the heat. do.

Therefore, heat of the secondary dryer 300 is introduced into the space layer between the house 260 and the outer house 261 to maintain the temperature inside the house 260, and the house 260 absorbs moisture therein. A branch outlet 262 for dissipating heat to the outside is exposed upward through the outer house 261.

In addition, an outlet 263 and a blower fan 264 are installed in the outer house 261 so that the heat introduced into the space between the house 260 and the outer house 261 can be discharged so that the heat is excessive. It prevents overdrying due to the rise.

The raw material transferred to the outlet 212 while being stirred is transferred to the secondary dryer 300 by the conveyor 30 connected to the outside of the house 260.

As shown in Figure 3, the secondary dryer 300, the rotary drying bin 320 is laid horizontally to be axially rotated by the power, the rotary drying bin 320 is a cylindrical body, one side The inlet 316 for receiving the raw material is formed, the other side is formed with an outlet 326 for outflowing the raw material.

A fan feeder 315 is mounted to the inlet 316 of the rotary drying container 320, and the water discharged from the primary dryer 200 to the upper side of the fan feeder 315 is transferred through the conveyor 30. The inlet 313 for receiving the contained raw material is connected, and the inlet 313 is provided with a rotary feeder 312 for dispersing the raw material to be dropped into the fan feeder 315.

And, in front of the fan Peter 315 is connected to the hot air inlet 317 for receiving the hot air from the outside, the hot air is applied through the hot air inlet 317 with the raw material to the interior of the rotary drying vessel 320 The raw material is blown and added.

At this time, the waste heat discharged from the carbonizer 600 to be described later is introduced into the hot air inlet 317 so that secondary drying may be performed without having a separate heat source.

Of course, it may be configured to generate hot air through a separate heater 319, to be supplied to the hot air inlet 317 with the waste heat supplied from the carbonizer 600.

Therefore, the hopper 310 is provided at the upper portion of the inlet 313 to store the raw material discharged from the primary dryer 200, and then transfer the raw material accommodated in the hopper 310 by the screw feeder 311 toward the inlet 313. do.

The hot air inlet 317 is supplied with waste heat of the carbonization machine 600 or hot air from the heater 319 to be dried together with the raw material in the rotary drying vessel 320 to be dried to have a water content of about 20 to 30%. The interior of the rotary drying cylinder 320 is composed of the inner cylinder 323, the intermediate cylinder 322, the outer cylinder 321 is stacked, the raw material introduced into the inner cylinder 323 with hot air is the inner cylinder 323 and the intermediate cylinder The space between 322, the space between the intermediate cylinder 322 and the outer cylinder 321 is moved, and then flows out through the outlet 326.

At this time, the rotary drying cylinder 320 is formed of a stainless material having high heat transfer efficiency, the temperature is increased by the hot air, therefore, the inside of the rotary drying cylinder 320 together with the air flow type drying by the hot air Drying efficiency is improved by contact drying by heat transfer area.

The raw material flowing out from the rotary drying bin 320 is introduced into the bag filter 331 through the outflow pipe path 330. At this time, the outside air inlet pipe 327 is connected to the outflow pipe path 330 so that the suction fan ( 332 sucks the raw material inside the rotary drying vessel 320 together with the external air.

At this time, since the air sucked by the suction fan 332 contains heat, the heat is introduced into the space between the house 260 and the outer house 261 of the primary dryer 200 to adjust the temperature inside the house 260. Will be maintained.

The bag filter 331 is for preventing light powder from being scattered in the air when the raw material is sucked in. The raw material accommodated in the bag filter 331 is dispersed again by a rotary feeder 333 mounted at the bottom to be crushed and It is injected into the molding machine 400.

Meanwhile, powder separated from the primary selector 500, the cooler 700, and the secondary selector 800 is introduced into the outflow pipe 330, and is further differentiated by being introduced together with the raw materials to the crushing and forming machine 400. The powder is also pelletized again.

In addition, the outlet pipe 330 cools the raw material by receiving cooling air through the cooling air inlet pipe 327 from the outside, and at the same time, the remaining air contained in the raw material is dried by the cooling air to reduce energy. have.

The raw material discharged from the bag filter 331 is put into the crushing and forming machine 400, pulverized to 0.4 cm or less and then molded into a pellet and discharged, and the discharged pellet is the primary selector 500 through the conveyor 40. Is put into.

The primary selector 500 becomes a mesh and separates the powder contained in the pellets, and then inputs the pellets to the carbonizer 600, and injects the separated powders into the outlet pipe 330 of the secondary dryer 300. do.

As shown in FIG. 4, the pelletizer 600 is rotatably mounted by a motor 632 in the cylindrical sealed housing 620 so as to be rotatable by the motor 632. On the outer circumferential surface of the 630, a screw heat transfer part 634 is formed.

The tip, which is the top of the heat transfer part 634, is installed in close proximity to the inner wall of the housing 620.

One side of the pellet conveying unit 630 is exposed to the outside and the inlet 633 is connected, the hopper 610 is located above the inlet 633 is stored the pellet discharged from the primary selector 500 The pellet discharged from the 610 is introduced into the pellet transfer unit 630.

In addition, a heat source 640 for supplying heat for semi-carbonization of pellets is mounted at one outside of the housing 620 to supply heat to the inside of the housing 620, and the heat transfers the pellet conveying part 630. It is added to the carbon to make the pellet inside.

At this time, the pellet conveying part 630 is mounted to be slightly inclined toward the outlet 635 to slowly convey the semi-carbonized pellet while rotating, the cross-section is wrinkled 636 is formed in the entire inner wall as shown in FIG. Pellets and heat increase the contact area with each other to increase thermal efficiency.

In addition, the residence time is increased while the heat is moved between the screw blades of the screw-shaped heat transfer unit 634 to efficiently apply heat for semi-carbonization to the pellet transfer unit 630, formed on the other side of the housing 620 The exhaust hood 621 is discharged to the heat transfer pipe 660.

On the other hand, the other side of the housing 620 is a continuous discharge space 650 is formed in succession, inside the discharge space 650, the outlet 635 of the pellet conveying portion 630 is connected inward and semi-carbonized The pellet is discharged and stored, and the exhaust hood 651 is formed on the upper side and is semi-carbonized so that heat generated from the pellet is exhausted and discharged into the heat transfer pipe 660.

At this time, the exhaust hood 651 is provided with a burner can be removed by burning the smoke generated while the pellet is semi-carbonized.

The heat discharged to the heat transfer pipe 660 is supplied to the hot air inlet 317 of the secondary dryer 300.

The lower side of the discharge space 650 is provided with a rotary valve 652 to discharge the semi-carbonized pellets contained therein to the outside to be transferred to the cooler 700 by the conveyor (50).

The cooler 700 cools the semi-carbonized pellets discharged from the carbonizer 600. The stirrer is installed inside and cooled by injecting external air while stirring.

Instead of the air-cooled cooler 700, water can be cooled by spraying water using the coolant nozzle 670 directly on the semi-carbon pellets discharged from the discharge space 650, wherein the semi-carbon pellets are heated by their own heat. As the water evaporates, cooling takes place quickly.

In addition, it also serves to extinguish the embers generated during carbonization may prevent the occurrence of fire.

Thus, the semi-carbonized pellet cooled by the cooler 700 or the coolant nozzle 670 is input to the secondary selector 800 made of mesh, and the powder is separated and discharged, and the discharged semi-carbonized pellet is conveyed to the conveyor 80. The product is packaged while being transported through.

In addition, the powder separated from the secondary selector 800 is again connected to the outlet pipe 330 of the secondary dryer 300 is introduced into the grinding and molding machine 400.

6 is a view showing another embodiment of the carbonizer 600. The structure of semi-carbonization of pellets using microwaves, the inside of the housing 680 is a jacket filled with the heat medium oil in the surface space 682 ( 681 is installed, and an electric heater 686 is provided outside the housing 680 to heat the heat medium oil filled in the surface space 682.

The inside of the jacket 681 is stirred by the rotating shaft 683 rotated by the motor 784 and the pellet accommodated in the jacket 681 by the stirring blade 685 provided on the rotating shaft 683.

In the housing 680, a waveguide 688 is installed in close proximity to the jacket 681, and the microwave generated from the external microwave generator is guided to the jacket 681.

Therefore, the pellet is semi-carbonized by the microwave, and heat generated during carbonization is supplied to the hot air inlet 317 of the secondary dryer 300 through the exhaust hood 687 provided in the housing 680.

100: crusher 200: primary dryer
300: secondary dryer 400: grinding and molding machine
500: 1st selector 600: carbonization machine
700: cooler 800: secondary selector

Claims (10)

Shredder for crushing and discharging the herbal or wood-based raw material;
A primary dryer for naturally drying raw materials discharged from the crusher;
A secondary dryer receiving raw materials discharged from the primary dryer and drying the hot air generated from a heat source;
A pulverizing and molding machine which receives raw materials from the secondary dryer and pulverizes them, and then molds them into pellets;
A primary selector for separating powder from the pellets discharged from the grinding and molding machine;
A carbonizer which receives the pellets from which the powder has been removed by the primary selector and is semi-carbonized by high heat, and injects the waste heat discharged into the secondary dryer;
A cooler for cooling the pellets discharged from the carbonizer;
Semi-carbonized pellet manufacturing apparatus characterized in that consisting of; a secondary selector for separating the powder by receiving the cooled pellet.
The method of claim 1, wherein the primary dryer
Mined houses;
It is installed inside the house, is installed in the longitudinal direction while the upper portion is opened to store the moisture-containing raw material, one side is formed to have an outlet for discharging the stored raw material to the lower side and the bottom plate above a certain height from the ground A storage tank having a lower space formed therein;
A rail installed in the longitudinal direction on both sides of the upper end of the reservoir;
A bogie mounted on an upper portion of the rail and reciprocating in a longitudinal direction and having a power source;
A stirring blade which is supported and installed by a support extending from the bogie at the lower portion of the bogie, and which is stirred by a power source from the bogie's power source to stir the raw material stored inside the reservoir;
A blower installed outside the reservoir to blow a queue inside the house;
A plurality is installed in the lower space of the reservoir, one side is connected to the blower, the other side is connected through the bottom of the reservoir is connected to the hot air supply pipe for supplying a queue in the house to the inside of the reservoir; Carbonization pellet manufacturing equipment.
The method of claim 1, wherein the secondary dryer
The cylindrical body is laid horizontally and is installed to be axially rotated, one side of the body is formed with an inlet for receiving the raw material discharged from the primary dryer, the other side is a rotary drying barrel formed with an outlet;
A fan feeder for blowing a raw material into the inlet of the rotary drying bin together with the waste heat discharged from the carbonizer;
A hopper installed on an upper side of the fan feeder to receive raw materials and to fall into the fan feeder;
Semi-carbonized pellet manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that consisting of; rotating power unit for generating a power to rotate the rotary drying shaft.
According to claim 3, Bag filter for receiving the raw material flowing out from the rotary drying bin through the outlet pipe;
Semi-carbonized pellet manufacturing apparatus comprising a; a suction fan for sucking the raw material inside the rotary dryer through the bag filter.
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the cooler is a coolant nozzle for injecting water into the semi-carbonized pellet discharged from the carbonizer.
The method of claim 1, wherein the powder separated from the primary selector and the secondary selector is semi-carbonized pellet manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that the input to the grinding and molding machine again.
The method of claim 1, wherein the carbonizer is
A cylindrical shaped and sealed housing;
A discharge space portion formed to be independently sealed at an end of the housing and having a valve formed at a lower side thereof;
The inside has a hollow pipe shape and is installed inside the housing to rotate by power, and a screw-shaped heat transfer part is formed on the outside thereof so that its tip is installed close to the inside of the housing, and one side is the primary An injection port for receiving the pellet discharged from the selector into the inside is formed, and the other side of the pellet transfer unit is exposed to the discharge space;
A heat source for supplying heat for semi-carbonization of the pellets into the housing;
Semi-carbonized pellets manufacturing apparatus characterized in that consisting of; exhaust hood and heat transfer pipe for supplying the heat discharged formed in the housing and the discharge space to the secondary dryer.
The method of claim 1, wherein the carbonizer is
A sealed housing;
A jacket which is located inside the housing and is filled with a heat medium oil heated outside by a heater, and a pellet is accommodated inside;
An agitator shaft and agitator blades that rotate by power in the jacket and stir the pellets;
A microwave generator for supplying microwaves to the jacket;
Semi-carbonized pellet manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that consisting of; exhaust hood for supplying the heat discharged formed in the housing to the secondary dryer.
A first step of crushing and discharging the herbaceous or wood-based raw materials to a size of 0.8 to 1.2 cm;
A second step of naturally drying the crushed raw materials by self fermentation heat, air volume, and solar heat;
A third step of receiving the raw material dried by the second step and drying it again to have a water content of 20 to 30% by hot air generated from a heat source;
A fourth step of receiving the raw material dried by the third step and pulverizing it into 0.4 cm or less and then molding it into pellets;
A fifth process of removing powder from the pulverized and shaped pellets;
A sixth process of receiving the pellet from which the powder has been removed and semi-carbonizing it by high heat;
A seventh step of cooling by spraying water on the semi-carbonized pellet;
And an eighth step of removing powder from the cooled pellets.
The semi-carbonized pellet produced by the semi-carbonized pellet manufacturing method of claim 9.

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