KR20130060893A - Cylinder type electrolysis unit and apparatus for sterilizing ballast water using thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A cylinder type electrolysis reactor using a bipolar method, and a ballast water sterilizing device are provided to improve electrolysis ability by maintaining a high conductivity through a material characteristic of anode bar and a surface roughness of electrolyte tank. CONSTITUTION: A cylinder type electrolysis reactor using a bipolar method comprises: an electrolyte tank(11) having the negative electrode; first and second blind caps(12,13); an anode bar(14); and multiple neutral pole cylinders. The electrolyte tank having the negative electrode is applied with cathode. The first and second blind caps are connected and sealed to the lower and upper parts of the electrolyte tank respectively, and equipped with an inflow port(12a) and a discharging port(13a). The anode bar is inserted into the center of the electrolyte tank, and applied with anode. The multiple neutral pole cylinders are maintained with a fixed interval through an interval keeping member by drawing a concentric circle between the electrolyte tank and the anode bar. The anode bar comprises a brass bar(14a) and a platinum group coating layer(14b). The electrolyte tank and the neutral pole cylinders comprise a titanium plate coated with a platinum group metal, and have an average surface roughness of 0.1-0.5 micrometers by a surface processing.

Description

Bipolar cylindrical electrolysis reactor and ballast water sterilization apparatus using same {CYLINDER TYPE ELECTROLYSIS UNIT AND APPARATUS FOR STERILIZING BALLAST WATER USING THEREOF}

The present invention relates to a bipolar cylindrical electrolysis reactor and a ballast water sterilization apparatus using the same, and more particularly, to sterilize ballast water to prevent marine pollution by ballast water, but to foreign substances contained in seawater. The present invention relates to a bipolar cylindrical electrolysis reactor capable of miniaturizing the size of the electric conductivity and reducing the ballast water sterilization apparatus using the same.

In general, ships are applied to ballast water tanks (also called "Ballast Water Tanks") to maintain stability when cargo is not loaded and to promote propulsion efficiency. The tanks are designed to reduce the center of gravity of the ship according to the loading and unloading of the cargo and to ensure safe navigation. Several tanks are provided to form a symmetrical structure on the left and right sides of the ship, and the tanks are independent so that the filled seawater does not move. .

Therefore, as the ship is repeatedly loaded and unloaded, the ballast water tank is repeatedly filled with seawater, and the process of discharging is repeated. At this time, various solids such as marine life introduced with the seawater become sediment during operation.

When suspended solids are settled, when the seawater is discharged from the ballast water tank, it is not discharged with the seawater, but accumulates on the bottom. do.

Furthermore, when loading cargo, the ballast tanks are emptied, which releases tons of water in the tanks, causing the release of pathogens, mollusks, and fish, adversely affecting the surrounding ecosystem, such as the Great Lakes. ) Has at least 185 species of foreign marine life, and ballast water has been criticized as a major cause of this influx of foreign marine life.

The ballast water as described above is inhabited by various organisms such as pathogenic bacteria and plankton contained in freshwater or seawater in the area filled with ballast water, and when it is discharged to the coast of other regions without any treatment, There is a high risk of causing serious marine pollution and ecosystem destruction.

Based on this situation, in 1996, the United States enacted the National Invasive Species Act, requiring foreign species to be intruders, requiring mandatory management and control of ballast waters, and in Australia, amended the Quarantine Law to quarantine ballast waters. It is defined as imported cargo and quarantine directly.

On the other hand, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) signed an international agreement in February 2004, and since 2009 it has been required to mount equipment necessary for the sterilization of ballast water on board ships. All ports were to be banned.

Therefore, in recent years, various technological developments have been made to treat ballast water, and representative examples thereof include sterilization and purification of ballast water using ozone (Ozone: 03) or electrolysis. Related prior arts are Patent Registration Nos. 10-769834, 10-775238, and 10-802889, respectively.

However, in the conventional ballast water treatment apparatus using ozone as described above, toxic substances such as Total Residual Oxidants (TRO) may be generated during sterilization, and these toxic substances are usually 1 to 5 days. This is not a problem for long-haul ships because it decomposes naturally over time, but it can also be a problem for emergencies in which ballast water needs to be discharged at short-range operations or when toxics are not broken down. .

In other words, if toxic substances remain in the sterilized ballast water at the time when ballast water should be discharged, it cannot be discharged until it is naturally decomposed. Depending on the seawater condition, even if left for a long time it may occur that does not decompose below the specified value.

As another method to solve this problem, the ballast water of the electrolysis method that uses the chlorine gas or hypochlorous acid (HClO or ClO-) generated through the electrolysis reaction in the vessel to kill the organisms contained in the ballast water Development of processing equipment is active.

1 is a conceptual diagram of an electrolysis-type ballast water treatment apparatus, wherein the electrolysis-type ballast water treatment apparatus is pumped by a seawater inflow and pumped by a ballast water pump 1. Electrolysis reactor (2) for electrolyzing seawater to produce electrolytic water, gas separator (3) for separating / discharging hydrogen gas in electrolyzed water produced by electrolysis reactor (2), and gas separator (3) It is comprised by the sterilizing water injection pump 5 which supplies the chlorine gas which flows out to the ballast water tank 4.

According to the ballast sterilization apparatus using electrolysis according to the prior art, there are the following problems.

First, since the electrolysis reactor applied to the conventional ballast water sterilizer is large, there is a limitation in the installation space when installing a device for ballast water sterilization in an existing dried vessel.

Second, in the case of large vessels using ballast water, the moored charges in the marina is very expensive, so if the ballast water sterilization rate is slow, a lot of costs are incurred.

Third, since there are many metallic ions such as calcium, sodium, and magnesium in the seawater, plating occurs on the cathode during electrolysis, which causes a problem of lowering electrolysis efficiency because electrical conductivity is lowered.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-1029623 Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2011-0118871

The present invention is to solve the problems as described above, to prevent marine pollution by ballast water by sterilizing the ballast water, it is possible to prevent the reduction of the electrical conductivity by the foreign matter contained in the seawater and to reduce the size An object of the present invention is to provide a bipolar cylindrical electrolysis reactor and a ballast water sterilization apparatus using the same.

Bipolar cylindrical electrolysis reactor according to the present invention, the cylindrical electrolytic tank is formed in a cylindrical shape and receives a negative electrode; First and second blind caps coupled to the lower and upper portions of the electrolytic tank and sealed and provided with an inlet port and a discharge port; An anode rod inserted into the center of the electrolytic tank and receiving a cathode; Concentric circles between the electrolytic tank and the anode rod comprises a plurality of neutral pole cylinder which is maintained at a predetermined interval through the gap retaining member, the anode rod is made of a platinum group metal is deposited on the surface of the brass rod and the brass rod, The cathodic electrolytic tank is made of a platinum group metal coated on titanium, and has an average surface roughness of 0.1 to 0.5 micrometers through surface treatment.

The ballast water sterilization apparatus using a bipolar cylindrical electrolysis reactor according to the present invention is a pump of a seawater inflow and pumping, and a bipolar method of producing electrolytic water by electrolyzing seawater pumped by a ballast water pump. A cylindrical electrolysis reactor, a gas separator for separating / discharging hydrogen gas in the electrolyzed water generated by the electrolysis reactor, and a sterilizing water injection pump for supplying chlorine gas from the gas separator to the ballast water tank. It is done.

According to the bipolar cylindrical electrolysis reactor and the ballast water sterilization apparatus using the same, a high electrical conductivity is achieved through material characteristics of the anode rod (low heat generation and high electrical conductivity) and surface roughness of the electrolytic tank. By maintaining it, the electric resolution can be improved, and as a result, the production rate of chlorine gas can be improved, so that chlorine gas with high sterilization power can be supplied even though the size is small. Can be.

1 is a perspective view of a bipolar cylindrical electrolysis reactor according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of a bipolar cylindrical electrolytic reactor according to the present invention.
Figure 3 is a front sectional view of a bipolar cylindrical electrolytic reactor according to the present invention.
4 is a plan view of a bipolar cylindrical electrolysis reactor according to the present invention.
Figure 5 is another illustration of the interval holding rod applied to the bipolar cylindrical electrolytic reactor according to the present invention.
6 is a block diagram of a ballast water sterilization apparatus using a bipolar cylindrical electrolysis reactor according to the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the bipolar cylindrical electrolytic reactor 10 according to the present invention, the negative electrode of the electrolytic tank 11 is formed in a cylindrical shape of the upper and lower portions are applied to the negative electrode; First and second blind caps 12 and 13 coupled to and sealed at the lower and upper portions of the electrolytic tank 11, respectively, having inlet ports 12a and outlet ports 13a; An anode rod 14 inserted into the center of the electrolytic tank 11 and receiving a cathode; Consists of a plurality of neutral electrode cylinder 15 which is maintained at a predetermined interval through the gap retaining rod 16 while drawing a concentric circle between the electrolytic tank 11 and the positive electrode (14).

The cathode electrolytic tank 11 is made of platinum group metal coated on titanium and has an average surface roughness of 0.1 to 0.5 micrometers through surface treatment.

Seawater is dissolved in a large amount of metallic ions, such as calcium, magnesium, potassium, etc., and these metal ions are attached to the surface of the electrode in a scale during the electrolysis process, the electrical conductivity is lowered, so there is a disadvantage that can not be used for a long time.

In more detail, the phenomenon in which the metal ions adhere to the surface of the electrode in scale during electrolysis is related to the roughness average of the electrode.

To date, the electrode used for electrolysis is OH Radical is produced at the anode when the electrolysis causes a strong oxidation action to oxidize all metals except the platinum-based metal, so coating the platinum-based metal on the metal surface such as titanium or stainless steel Since the plating method of the platinum-based metal uses the electroplating method, since the surface of the metal such as titanium or stainless is roughened for electroplating, the platinum-based metal is electroplated. The surface average roughness of is 2.0 micrometers or more. However, when the surface average roughness is 2.0 micrometers or more by conventional electroplating, a large amount of scale is attached to the electrode.

The electrode of the present invention is manufactured by using a high vacuum deposition method, the average surface roughness (Roughness average) is less than 0.5 micrometers (0.1 ~ 0.5 micrometers, preferably 0.2 micrometers) containing a large amount of metallic ions such as calcium, magnesium, potassium When the groundwater is electrolyzed, the scale is not attached to the surface of the electrolytic tank 11 of the cathode.

The electrolytic tank 11 is in the form of a cylinder with an open top and bottom, the outward flanges are formed at the upper and lower ends, respectively, for coupling the first and second blind caps 12 and 13.

The first and second blind caps 12 and 13 close the upper and lower openings of the electrolytic tank 11, and are coupled to the flanges of the electrolytic tank 11 through fasteners (bolts and nuts) and packed to secure watertightness. 12b and 13b are interposed.

As shown in FIG. 3, the anode rod 14 is composed of a brass rod 14a and a coating layer 14b formed by depositing a platinum group metal (platinum, iridium, etc.) on the surface of the brass rod 14a.

Since the anode rod 14 has a structure inserted into the interior of the electrolytic tank 11, a cathode applying rod 14c for applying an anode from the outside is applied. The positive electrode application rod 14c penetrates tightly through the electrolytic tank 11 and is electrically connected to the brass rod 14a of the positive electrode rod 14.

Since the brass rod 14a has little heat generation and does not cause damage and has high electrical conductivity, it induces efficient electrolysis even when manufactured in a small size.

Neutral pole cylinder 15 is a plurality of different diameters are arranged in the form of concentric circles between the anode rod 14 and the electrolytic tank 11, the support 17 (Fig. 2) inside the electrolytic tank 11 Support 17 is applied so as not to touch the bottom of the electrolytic tank 11, and also supports the neutral electrode cylinder 15 to the bottom of the upper second blind cap 13 Support is applied).

The neutral electrode cylinder 15 is formed by coating a platinum group element on the surface of the titanium plate, one side of the negative electrode is opposite to the negative electrode. Accordingly, in one neutral electrode cylinder 15, oxidation occurs at the anode side and reduction reaction occurs at the cathode side at the same time, thereby eliminating the scale, and preventing the oxidation of these foreign substances, thereby extending the life of the electrode.

The monopolar method of electrolysis shortens the electrode life by attaching foreign substances such as Na, Ca, Mg, and K to the electrode surface as the ions move, and also because of the problems caused by this scale, the etching process (coating the electrode surface before coating) Making process), the surface of the electrode is not smooth, and there is no foreign matter on the electrode itself. In addition, the monopolar method may cause a short between the electrodes when the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are in contact with each other.

On the other hand, in the present invention, since the bipolar method has a general electrode (neutral cylinder 15) that does not apply a voltage between the anode and the cathode, a short occurs only when both the anode and the cathode reach the electrode in the middle. Therefore, there is almost no chance of short generation (that is, it does not matter even if the gap between the neutral cylinders 14 is very small).

In addition, the surface is smooth and there is no foreign substance on the electrode itself because the platinum is coated in a high vacuum (10-6 Torr) state without any etching work.

The spacing retaining rod 16 maintains the spacing between the neutral cylinders 15 uniformly to induce efficient electrolysis. The spacing retaining rods 16 are fitted into the fastening holes 15a formed in the neutral electrode cylinders 15, It is supported by another neutron cylinder 15 in close proximity to maintain the spacing between the neutron cylinders 15. That is, the gap retaining rod 16 is not coupled to all the neutral pole cylinders 15 by maintaining a gap between two other neutral pole cylinders 15 that are close to the inside and the outside, in other words, the gap retaining rod 16 The combined neutral electrode cylinder 15 and the neutral pole cylinder 15, to which the gap retaining rod 16 is not coupled, are alternately arranged.

The gap retaining rods 16 are coupled at regular intervals along the circumferential direction so that all parts of the neutral electrode cylinder 15 can be uniformly spaced, and a plurality (shown as two in the figure) in the up and down direction is provided. Combined.

5 shows another example of the spacer rod 16, in which the first and second pieces 16a and 16b are screwed on both sides with the neutral cylinder 15 as the center. Is done. According to such a configuration, the length of the gap retaining rod 16 can be adjusted according to the fastening degree of the first and second pieces 16a and 16b. As a result, the neutral pole cylinder ( 15) can be adjusted.

The surface roughness of the neutral electrode cylinder 15, like the electrolytic tank 11, is adjusted to 0.1 to 0.5, preferably 0.2 micrometer.

The operation of the bipolar cylindrical electrolysis reactor according to the present invention is as follows.

Water (sea water, etc.) flows through the inflow port 12a while the anode and cathode are applied to the anode rod 14 and the cathode electrolytic tank 11, respectively, and then through the discharge port 13a. Discharged.

Specifically, an anode is applied to the anode rod 14 at the center of the electrolytic tank 11, and a cathode is applied to the electrolytic tank 11, and artificially applied to the neutral electrode cylinder 15 between them. Although the polarity is not imparted to each other, each of the plurality of neutral electrode cylinders 15 has a cathode on its inner surface and an anode on its outer surface (because there is a cathode rod 14 at the center and a cathode at the outermost side). In other words, oxidation occurs at the anode side of one neutral electrode cylinder 15 and reduction reaction occurs at the cathode side. Water and chlorine gas are generated by this process. Since the chlorine gas has a sterilizing power, it is separated from the water and used for sterilization. As such, when the electrolysis occurs, oxygen gas (O ₂ ) and chlorine gas (Cl ₂ ) are generated on the outer surfaces of the central anode rod 14 and the neutral cylinder 15, and the inner side of the electrolytic tank 11 is formed. Hydrogen gas (H ₂ ) is generated in the neutral cylinder (15), and chlorine gas (Cl 2) is dissolved in water to form sodium hypochlorite.

As shown in FIG. 6, the ballast water sterilization apparatus using the bipolar cylindrical electrolytic reactor according to the present invention includes a pump 1 for introducing and pumping seawater and a pumped ballast water pump 1. Bipolar cylindrical electrolysis reactor 10 for producing electrolytic water by electrolysis of seawater to be used, gas separator 3 for separating / discharging chlorine gas generated by electrolysis reactor 10, and gas separator ( It consists of a sterile water injection pump (5) for supplying the chlorine gas coming out through 3) to the ballast water tank (4).

Except for the bipolar cylindrical electrolytic reactor 10, the remaining configuration is well known, so the detailed configuration is omitted.

The bipolar cylindrical electrolysis reactor 10 is connected to a pump 1 and a gas separator 3, respectively, and a chlorine gas supply pipe for supplying seawater inlet 6 for introducing seawater and chlorine gas (including water) ( 7 are arranged in parallel and piped through the inlet port 12a and the discharge port 13a.

According to the invention, the pump 1 supplies part of the incoming seawater to the electrolysis reactor 10, and the rest to the ballast water tank 4. The electrolysis reactor 10 produces water and chlorine gas as described above, and chlorine gas is separated from the water through the gas separator 3 and then supplied to the ballast water tank 4 to supply the ballast water tank. Sterilize ballast water stored in (4).

10: bipolar cylindrical electrolysis reactor,
11: electrolytic tank, 12,13: 1st, 2nd blind cap
14: anode rod, 15: neutral pole cylinder
16: gap retaining rod,

Claims (5)

An anode electrolytic tank 11 formed in a cylindrical shape with both sides in the longitudinal direction and receiving a cathode;
First and second blind caps 12 and 13 coupled to the lower and upper portions of the electrolytic tank and sealed and provided with an inlet port 12a and a discharge port 13a;
An anode rod 14 inserted into the center of the electrolytic tank and receiving a cathode;
Comprising a plurality of neutral pole cylinder 15 which is maintained at a predetermined interval through the interval maintaining member while drawing a concentric circle between the electrolytic tank and the anode rod,
The anode rod is made of a brass rod 14a and a platinum group coating layer 14b deposited with a platinum group element on the surface of the brass rod,
The negative electrode electrolytic tank and the neutral electrode cylinder are each coated with a platinum group metal on a titanium plate, the surface roughness of the bipolar cylindrical electrolytic reactor, characterized in that the average surface roughness is 0.1 ~ 0.5 micrometers. The gap retaining rod of claim 1, wherein the gap retaining member is inserted into a fastening hole formed in the neutral pole cylinder and supported by another neutral pole cylinder adjacent to both sides in a longitudinal direction to maintain a gap between the neutral pole cylinders. A bipolar cylindrical electrolysis reactor, characterized in that (16).
The method of claim 2, wherein the gap retaining rod is characterized in that the first and second pieces (16a, 16b) is screwed on both sides with respect to the neutral pole cylinder to adjust the gap of the neutral pole cylinder through length adjustment Bipolar cylindrical electrolysis reactor. Pump 1 for introducing and pumping sea water, bipolar cylindrical electrolysis reactor 10 for electrolyzing seawater pumped by the ballast water pump 1, and electrolysis reactor 10. A gas separator (3) for separating / discharging hydrogen gas in the electrolyzed water generated by the present invention) and a sterile water injection pump (5) for supplying chlorine gas from the gas separator (3) to the ballast water tank (4). Include,
A negative type electrolytic tank 11 formed in the cylindrical shape and receiving a negative electrode;
First and second blind caps 12 and 13 coupled to the lower and upper portions of the electrolytic tank, respectively, and having an inlet port 12a connected to the pump and a discharge port 13a connected to the gas separator; ;
An anode rod 14 inserted into the center of the electrolytic tank and receiving a cathode;
Comprising a plurality of neutral pole cylinder 15 which is maintained at a predetermined interval through the interval maintaining member while drawing a concentric circle between the electrolytic tank and the anode rod,
The anode rod is made of a platinum group metal is deposited on the surface of the brass rod and the brass rod,
The cathode electrolytic tank is made of a platinum group metal coated on titanium, the surface roughness is 0.1 ~ 0.5 micrometers through the surface treatment,
The neutral electrode cylinder is a ballast water sterilization apparatus using a bipolar cylindrical electrolytic reactor, characterized in that the platinum plate metal is coated on a titanium plate. 5. The bipolar cylindrical electrolysis reactor according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of bipolar cylindrical electrolysis reactors are connected in parallel between the seawater inlet pipe 6 and the chlorine gas supply pipe 7 respectively connected to the pump and the gas separator. Ballast water sterilization apparatus using a bipolar cylindrical electrolysis reactor.

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