KR20130059716A - Slow-release stick fertilizer and a method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A stick type slow-release fertilizer is provided to include a core layer, a middle layer, and a shell layer, thereby providing plants with various nutrients for growth. CONSTITUTION: A stick type slow-release fertilizer(100) comprises a core layer(10), a middle layer(20), and a shell layer(30). The core layer is manufactured by mixing an inorganic fertilizer and starch and compress-molding the same. The middle layer is formed by mixing natural material or a microorganism, and starch and compress-molding the same. The shell layer is formed by mixing inorganic fertilizer and starch and compress-molding the same. The core layer includes 1-100 parts by weight of inorganic fertilizer based on 100.0 parts by weight of starch. The middle layer comprises 100-1500 parts by weight of a natural material, a microorganism, or a mixture thereof, based on 100.0 parts by weight of the starch. The shell layer comprises 100-2500 parts by weight of an inorganic fertilizer based on 100.0 parts by weight of starch. The stick type slow-release fertilizer comprises 10-50 weight% of the shell layer, 10-90 weight% of the middle layer, and 10-50 weight% of the core layer.

Description

Slow release stick fertilizer and its manufacturing method {Slow-release stick fertilizer and a method for producing the same}

The present invention relates to a method for producing a stick-type fertilizer and its preparation, and more particularly to a stick-type fermentable fertilizer which can supply various nutrients necessary for biological growth by varying the composition of the deep layer, the middle layer and the outer layer. will be.

Conventionally used chemical fertilizers, when used in soil, fertilizer components melt into the soil at once.

However, since plants cannot absorb and use these fertilizers at once, the utilization rate of fertilizers is low, such as 30 to 40%, and the remainder is partially adsorbed to the soil, but is mostly lost by water or leached into groundwater. Lost or leached fertilizers can contaminate groundwater and flow into rivers and lakes, causing eutrophication.

In an attempt to solve the above problems, slow-fertilizer has been developed. This slow-fertilizing fertilizer is a method of physically delaying the dissolution of fertilizers by coating poorly soluble chemicals with general fast-acting chemical fertilizers and a synthetic slow-fertilizer fertilizing fertilizers by chemically combining fertilizers with other substances. It can be divided into types.

Coating of poorly soluble materials is known by coating with sulfur, coating with thermosetting resin, coating with thermoplastic resin, and the like. Sulfur-coated fertilizer was developed by the US TVA in 1961 under the trade name Sulfur Coated Urea (SCU), and the fertilizer coated with thermosetting resin was coated with a mixture of glycerolester and dicyclopentadiene. Since it was developed in the United States in 1964 under the trade name Osmocote, it has been developed several similar products. Thermoplastic coated fertilizer is a slow-acting fertilizer that is coated with urea using polyolefin resin. Since its development in Japan in 1976 under the trade name Longcote, Nutricote, Lpcote and Meister ( Many similar products such as Meister are being developed and distributed.

Synthetic slow-acting fertilizers include urea-formaldehyde, isobutylaldehyde diurea (IBDU), crotonyliden diurea (CDU), and guanyl urea, and urea-formaldehyde is a condensation reaction between urea and formaldehyde. In 1955, the United States succeeded in industrialization for the first time, and IBDU was manufactured by reacting urea and isobutylaldehyde, and produced and sold in Japan. In addition, CDU was made by reacting urea and crotonaldehyde. Is commercialized and sold at. The CDU can also be made using aldol instead of crotonaldehyde. Recently, CDU can be obtained by reacting urea with acetylene.

The coated slow-acting fertilizer coated with a fertilizer with a polymer material among the slow-acting fertilizers controls the dissolution rate of the fertilizer by adjusting the coating amount of the coating material. However, this is difficult to use for general agriculture because fertilizer itself is more than five times higher than general chemical fertilizer. In addition, since synthetic slow-fertilizer fertilizer is expensive and chemically bound, it is difficult to arbitrarily adjust the dissolution rate of fertilizer and it has a problem to be used according to soil properties because it is affected by soil acidity, temperature, and microorganisms.

In addition, the soil of our country is granulated soil from granite or granite gneiss, and the utilization rate of nitrogen is low as low as 30 ~ 40% because of low organic content and nutrient preservation capacity. Therefore, in order to produce crops in the soil, fertilizers should be frequently used to provide adequate nutrients according to crop growth. When cultivating field crops, especially economic crops, fertilizers are often given 7 to 8 times. In addition, such soil may cause a lot of fertilizers to be used at one time, causing the use of fertilizer components to be lost, thereby deteriorating the water quality of rivers, rivers, and lakes.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2009-0116345 Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-0725423

The present invention has been made to overcome the above problems, the object of the present invention to avoid digging the ground during fertilizer injection to facilitate the operation and at the same time to fertilize the fertilizer on the ground where it is difficult to fertilize the fertilizer Simply put and slowly melt to provide a fertilizer to fertilize a certain amount.

In another aspect, the present invention is to provide a slow-fertilizer fertilizer exhibiting the effect of mixing the various fertilizers can be supplied to the necessary nutrients are decomposed at different times in the soil at different times in the soil.

The present invention to achieve the above object

A core layer compression-molded after mixing inorganic fertilizer and starch in the center;

An intermediate layer in which a natural material or microorganism is mixed and compressed with starch as a shape surrounding the deep layer; And

It provides a stick-type slow-release fertilizer comprising a compression molded outer layer after mixing the inorganic fertilizer and starch in the outermost as a shape surrounding the intermediate layer.

Stick-type slow-acting fertilizer according to the present invention is characterized in that solidified into a polygonal pile, a polygonal horn, a cylindrical pile or a cone, and the shape of the deep layer, the middle layer, the outer layer may be the same or different.

Specifically in the stick-type slow-release fertilizer according to the present invention,

The core layer is prepared by mixing 1 to 100 parts by weight of an inorganic fertilizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of starch;

The intermediate layer is prepared by mixing 100 parts by weight to 1500 parts by weight of a natural substance or a microorganism or a mixture thereof with respect to 100 parts by weight of starch;

The outer skin layer is characterized in that the inorganic fertilizer is mixed with 100 to 2500 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of starch.

The starch can be used without limitation, corn starch, sweet potato starch is best used in the production cost reduction.

The inorganic fertilizer is calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), boron (B), sulfur (S), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo) and cobalt It characterized in that it uses a fertilizer containing one or more selected from the group consisting of (Co), the inorganic fertilizer is urea [(NH ₂ ) ₂ CO], ammonium nitrate [NH ₄ NO ₃ ], superphosphate Lime [CaH ₄ (PO ₄ ) ₂ ], potassium monophosphate [KH ₂ PO ₄ ], ammonium monophosphate [(NH ₄ ) H ₂ PO ₄ ], potassium diphosphate [K ₂ HPO ₄ ], second Preference is given to using one or more mixtures selected from the group consisting of ammonium phosphate [(NH ₄ ) ₂ HPO ₄ ], potassium chloride [KCl], potassium nitrate [KNO ₃ ] and potassium sulfate [K ₂ SO ₄ ].

The natural substance or microorganism is characterized in that it comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of chitosan, wood vinegar, seaweed extract and plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR).

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) used in the present invention is characterized by using one or more from plant growth promoting root bacteria belonging to the genus bacillus, clostridium, trichoderma, azotobacter and rhizobium. do.

Stick-type slow-release fertilizer according to the present invention

The core layer in the center portion is 10-50 mm long, 1-20 mm thick; The intermediate layer surrounding the deep layer is 20 to 100 mm long and 1 to 30 mm thick; The outermost outer skin layer is characterized in that the length of 30 to 300mm, the thickness of 1 to 50mm, can be manufactured and used by varying the size or thickness according to the purpose or population in the home gardening, agriculture and landscaping.

The outermost layer of the stick-type slow-fertilizer fertilizer is composed of a mixture of starch and inorganic fertilizer, which is the first to decompose in the soil to supply nutrients, the outer layer is 10% relative to the total weight of the stick-type fertilizer fertilizer To 50% by weight is characterized in that it is included. If the outer layer is contained in a small amount of less than 10% by weight, the rate of decomposition into the soil is so fast that it does not exhibit stiffness as compared to the use of ordinary powder or liquid fertilizer.If the outer layer is contained in excess of 50% by weight, the decomposition rate is too high. Slowly, the components that make up the middle and deep layers may be exposed too late in the soil.

The intermediate layer inserted into the shell layer is exposed after the composition of the shell layer is decomposed in the soil, and the natural materials, biomaterials or microorganisms constituting the intermediate layer are decomposed in the soil to improve the soil to breed beneficial soil microorganisms, thereby improving the soil. It plays an active role. The intermediate layer is preferably included in 10 to 90% by weight relative to the total weight of the stick-type fertilizer fertilizer.

The deep layer inserted into the innermost of the stick-type fertilizer is composed of a mixture of starch and inorganic fertilizer, and is finally decomposed in the soil and then strongly adsorbed to the root to supply nutrients. The core layer may include 10 to 50% by weight relative to the total weight of the stick-type slow-fertilizing fertilizer.

In addition, the present invention comprises the steps of (a) mixing the inorganic fertilizer and starch by inserting and adhering the compression molded intermediate layer by mixing the natural material or microorganism and starch in the compression molded outer layer; And

(b) inserting and adhering the compression molded core layer by mixing the inorganic fertilizer and starch in the intermediate layer of step (a); It provides a method of producing a stick-type slow-effective fertilizer comprising a.

Specifically, the skin layer is prepared by mixing inorganic fertilizer with 100 to 2500 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of starch, inserting into a primary mold, and then compressing and drying;

The intermediate layer is prepared by mixing 100 to 1500 parts by weight of natural substances or microorganisms or a mixture of the two with respect to 100 parts by weight of starch, inserting them into a secondary mold, and then compressing and drying them;

The core layer is prepared by mixing the inorganic fertilizer in an amount of 1 to 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of starch, inserting it into a tertiary molding mold, and then compressing and drying the same.

Stick-type slow-acting fertilizer according to the present invention avoids digging and digging the ground during fertilizer injection, making it convenient to work and at the same time simply fertilizing the fertilizer on the ground, even where it is difficult to fertilize. Can be represented.

In addition, the stick-type slow-fertilizing fertilizer according to the present invention has the same effect as mixing and mixing various fertilizers, since the deep layer, the middle layer, and the outer layer can be decomposed at different times in the soil and supply the necessary nutrients over time. It can have a superior effect on growth.

1 is a schematic diagram of a stick-type slow-release fertilizer according to the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view of a stick-type slow-fertilizing fertilizer different in shape of the outer layer, the middle layer and the deep layer according to the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view of a stick-type slow-fertilizing fertilizer having the same shape of the outer layer, the middle layer and the deep layer according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. However, the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1 Preparation of Stick-Type Slow Fertilizer

(1) skin layer production

Commercially available sweet potato starch 40g, 5g potassium phosphate (KH ₂ PO ₄ ) and 10g of water are mixed and inserted into the 1st mold and pressurized with a pneumatic press (Dongjin DP-500). The outer layer was prepared.

(2) intermediate layer manufacturing

Commercially available sweet potato starch (20 g) was mixed with 5 g of wood vinegar solution and 5 g of chitosan (chitosan 300), and then inserted into a secondary mold, and pressurized with a pneumatic press (Dongjin DP-500) to prepare an intermediate layer of stick-type fertilizer.

(3) deep layer manufacturing

10 g of sweet potato starch, ₃ g of potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ), ₃ g of potassium sulfate (K ₂ SO ₄ ) and 5 g of water are mixed and inserted into a 3rd molding mold and pressure is pressurized with a pneumatic press (Dongjin DP-500). It was added to prepare a deep layer of stick-type slow-fertilizer.

(4) Preparation of Stick-Type Slow Fertilizer

The intermediate layer was inserted into the inside of the manufactured outer layer, and the deep layer was inserted into the middle layer. The stick-type slow-release fertilizer product, which combines the outer layer, the middle layer, and the deep layer, was dried in a dry oven at 100 ° C. for 2 hours to strengthen the adhesion of the outer layer, the middle layer, and the deep layer and to evaporate moisture added during the manufacturing process.

Example 2 Preparation of Stick-Type Slow Fertilizer

Except for using the trichoderma soil root bacteria in the manufacturing process of the intermediate layer, instead of chitosan, the stick-type slow-release fertilizer product of the outer layer, the middle layer and the deep layer were dried in a dry oven at 60 ° C. for 5 hours. It carried out similarly to Example 1.

Comparative Example 1 Preparation of a Stick-Type Slow Fertilizer

(1) skin layer production

It is mixed with 40g of sweet potato starch, 5g of potassium phosphate (KH ₂ PO ₄ ) and 10g of water, and inserted into the 1st mold and pressurized with a pneumatic press (Dongjin DP-500). The outer layer was prepared.

(2) intermediate layer manufacturing

20 g of sweet potato starch sold in the market was mixed with 10 g of potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ) and 5 g of water, and then inserted into a secondary mold and pressurized with a pneumatic press (Dongjin DP-500) to prepare an intermediate layer of stick-type fertilizer. .

(3) deep layer manufacturing

10 g of sweet potato starch, 6 g of potassium sulfate (K ₂ SO ₄ ) and 5 g of water are mixed and inserted into a third mold and pressurized with a pneumatic press (Dongjin DP-500) to provide a deeper layer of stick-type fertilizer. Was prepared.

(4) Preparation of Stick-Type Slow Fertilizer

The intermediate layer was inserted into the inside of the manufactured outer layer, and the deep layer was inserted into the middle layer. The stick-type slow-release fertilizer product, which combines the outer layer, the middle layer and the deep layer, was dried in a dry oven at 60 ° C. for 1 hour to increase the adhesion of the outer layer, the middle layer and the deep layer, and to allow the adhesive or moisture added in the manufacturing process to evaporate. .

Test Example 1 Growth Effect of Stick-Type Slow Fertilizer

The effect of the stick-type slow-fertilizer prepared in Example 1 on the growth of chestnut was investigated.

The cultivation test was conducted on three-year-old seedlings planted in Janggi-myeon, Gongju-si, Chungnam, South Korea in early April 2011. One pile fertilizer product was fertilized. The number of seedlings per treatment group was 10, and the pile-type fertilizer products were embedded at 15 cm from the seedlings.

The growth survey was conducted in mid-October 2011. The shoot growth was expressed as an average value by measuring the length of the apex at the apex, and the chlorophyll content was determined by randomly selecting five leaves attached to the apex at the apex using a portable chlorophyllometer (SPDA-502, Minolta). Obtained. In addition, myopia was first surveyed at the beginning of April 2011, which was the first fertilization, and the mesopore growth was calculated by the second survey in mid-October 2011, after fertilization. White paint was applied to the 1 cm area from the ground surface and irradiated with vernier calipers so that the root diameter could be measured at the same area.

Growth results are shown in Table 1 below.

Test Example 2 Measurement of Growth Effect of Stick-Type Slow Fertilizer

Except for using the stick-type slow-release fertilizer prepared in Example 2 was carried out in the same manner as in Test Example 1, the results are shown in Table 1 below.

Comparative Test Example 1 Measurement of Growth Effect of Stick-Type Slow Fertilizer

Except for using the stick-type slow-release fertilizer prepared in Comparative Example 1 was carried out in the same manner as in Test Example 1, the results are shown in Table 1 below.

division Shoot growth
(cm) Chlorophyll content
(SPDA-502 Value) Root growth
(cm) Example 1 23.8 47.69 0.87 Example 2 22.5 48.77 0.71 Comparative Example 1 17.6 43.01 0.44

As shown in Table 1, the stick-type slow-fertilizing fertilizer according to the present invention was found to have an excellent effect on plant growth by supplying various nutrients necessary for biological growth by varying the composition of the outer layer, the middle layer and the deep layer.

10: deep layer
20: middle layer
30: outer layer
100: stick type slow active fertilizer

Claims (13)

A core layer compression-molded after mixing inorganic fertilizer and starch in the center;
An intermediate layer in which a natural material or microorganism is mixed and compressed with starch as a shape surrounding the deep layer; And
Stick-type slow-fertilizing fertilizer comprising a; the outer layer is a shape surrounding the intermediate layer and the outermost outer layer of a mixture of inorganic fertilizer and starch.
The method of claim 1,
The stick-type slow-fertilizing fertilizer, characterized in that the stick-shaped slow fertilizer, characterized in that solidified into a polygonal, polygonal, cylindrical pile or cone.
The method of claim 1,
The core layer is prepared by mixing 1 to 100 parts by weight of an inorganic fertilizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of starch;
The intermediate layer is prepared by mixing 100 parts by weight to 1500 parts by weight of a natural substance or a microorganism or a mixture thereof with respect to 100 parts by weight of starch;
The outer skin layer is a stick-type slow-acting fertilizer, characterized in that prepared by mixing 100 to 2500 parts by weight of inorganic fertilizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of starch.
The method of claim 1,
The stick-type slow-release fertilizer
The core layer in the center portion is 10-50 mm long, 1-20 mm thick;
The intermediate layer surrounding the deep layer is 20 to 100 mm long and 1 to 30 mm thick;
Stick outermost fertilizer characterized in that the outermost outer layer is 30 to 300mm in length, 1 to 50mm in thickness.
The method of claim 1,
The starch is a stick-type slow-acting fertilizer, characterized in that the corn starch or sweet potato starch.
The method of claim 1,
The inorganic fertilizer is calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), sodium (Na), potassium (K), boron (B), sulfur (S), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo) and cobalt (Co) stick-type slow-acting fertilizer, characterized in that it comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of.
The method of claim 1,
The natural substance or microorganism is stick type slow efficacy, characterized in that it comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of chitosan, wood vinegar, seaweed extract and plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR).
The method of claim 1,
The stick-type fertilizer composition of the stick-type fertilizer, characterized in that it comprises 10 to 50% by weight of the outer layer, 10 to 90% by weight of the intermediate layer and 10 to 50% by weight of the core layer relative to the total weight of the composition.
(a) inserting and adhering a compression-molded intermediate layer by mixing the natural material or microorganism with starch in the outer layer formed by mixing inorganic fertilizer and starch; And
(b) inserting and adhering the compression molded core layer by mixing the inorganic fertilizer and starch in the intermediate layer of step (a); Method of producing a stick-type slow release fertilizer comprising a.
The method of claim 9,
The stick-type slow-effective fertilizer is a stick-type slow-fertilizer manufacturing method, characterized in that the multi-peg type, polygonal horn type, cylindrical pile type or circular horn type.
The method of claim 9,
The outer skin layer is prepared by mixing 100 to 2500 parts by weight of inorganic fertilizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of starch, inserting into a primary mold, and then compressing and drying;
The intermediate layer is prepared by mixing 100 to 1500 parts by weight of natural substances or microorganisms or a mixture of the two with respect to 100 parts by weight of starch, inserting them into a secondary mold, and then compressing and drying them;
The core layer is mixed with 1 to 100 parts by weight of the inorganic fertilizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of starch is inserted into a tertiary forming mold, compressed and dried manufacturing method of the stick-type fertilizer, characterized in that the manufacturing.
The method of claim 9,
The stick-type slow-release fertilizer
The core layer in the center portion is 10-50 mm long, 1-20 mm thick;
The intermediate layer surrounding the deep layer is 20 to 100 mm long and 1 to 30 mm thick;
The outermost outermost layer is 30 to 300mm in length, 1 to 50mm in thickness, characterized in that the stick-type fertilizer manufacturing method of the fertilizer.
The method of claim 9,
The starch is corn starch or sweet potato starch;
The inorganic fertilizer is calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), sodium (Na), potassium (K), boron (B), sulfur (S), copper One or two or more selected from the group consisting of (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), and cobalt (Co);
The natural substance or microorganism may include one or two or more selected from the group consisting of chitosan, wood vinegar, seaweed extract, and plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). Manufacturing method.

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