KR20130034416A - Aerosol generator for fire fighting - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A fire-extinguishing aerosol generator is provided to be able to lower the temperature of the aerosol mixture in a vent of the generator and to be able to strengthen the aerosol supply intensity both in the upside and downside. CONSTITUTION: A fire-extinguishing aerosol generator comprises a cylindrical case(4) which is fixed coaxially and forms annular air gaps for induction air; a cover(2); a main body(1) having the bottom plane; a mixing room(6) formed with case side walls; an activator(7); an ignition device(8) which is installed within the main body and guarantees forming the propulsion aerosol room; and an aerosol cooling layer(9) within the main body. The fire-extinguishing aerosol generator is manufactured to guarantee the aerosol releasing probability to the fire-extinguishing object, and the cylindrical case and the main body are connected coaxially.

Description

Aerosol generator for fire fighting

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of fire extinguishing, and more particularly to apparatus for generating gas aerosol combustion inhibitors for fire suppression of closed and semi-closed spaces, such as production and storage facilities, cable tunnels, transportation cabins and other similar facilities. It is about.

A series of fire extinguishing aerosol generators well known from the state of the art in this field is a device in which the combustion material of the aerosol composition passes along a groove made of a heat absorbing material and is cooled. A62C3 / 10, 2009); An example is No. 89964 (A device for aerosol digestion, cl. A62C13 / 22, 2009).

The generator is capable of maintaining a relatively low temperature of the outer surface of the main body by good heat shielding of the main body. At the same time, as the aerosol mixture moves in both directions along the groove, the temperature of the aerosol mixture can be lowered to an acceptable level through heat exchange with the gypsum insulating film.

At this time, the moisture (CaSO ₄ · 2H ₂ O) contained in the gypsum is heated together with the heat insulation of the main body to evaporate and cool the main body while mixing with the aerosol. On the other hand, it is well known that aerosol particles are mainly composed of potassium carbonate and potassium bicarbonate in which the solution has a basic reaction. Corrosion occurs if the solution penetrates the extinguishant. It must be mentioned that in forming gypsum insulation layer, some of the water remains free state rather than in crystalline hydrate form, thus forming near 100% humidity inside the generator during evaporation, which negatively affects the aerosol composition and the functional characteristics of the whole generator. Is crazy. Therefore, in order to reduce the action of moisture, the inventors propose the use of a polyethylene cover (Russian Federal Patent No. 89964), which complicates the structure and increases the toxicity in burning the polyethylene cover.

It can also be pointed out that the disadvantage of the device is that the generator structure is operated when the feed strength of the aerosol mixture is very low. In a well known device this is solved by manipulating the cartridge combustion to only take place on the end face, not on the whole face.

The low feed strength of the aerosol mixtures greatly reduces the field of application of fire extinguishing aerosol generators and makes it virtually impossible to apply in places with low closure rates.

The inventors of the Russian Federation Patent No. 49455 (Digested aerosol generator cl. A62C 3/00, 2005) also use a structure in which the aerosol mixture flows in both directions, but since the combustion of the aerosol composition takes place along the entire surface, Supply intensity can be increased. The aerosol mixture temperature is partially reduced through the interaction of the aerosol mixture with the cooling material in the baffle plate.

It should be noted that the disadvantage of the device is that the temperature of the aerosol mixture discharged from the generator is high, and the temperature of the body (cylindrical case) in contact with the hot aerosol mixture is relatively high.

Fire extinguishing aerosol generators are also well known, including a body with a pyrotechnic charge located coaxially parallel and an ejector mixing chamber. Russian Federation Patent No.2140310 (cl. A62C13 / 22, 1999), No.2205673 (cl. A62C13 / 22, 2010). In the generator, a pyrotechnic charge and a propulsion gas chamber (receiver) are coaxially located inside the body and they are surrounded by a gypsum insulation layer formed along the entire inner surface of the body. The body is covered with a cover containing an ignition agent (activator). The cover is provided with an outlet. The cylindrical body is located coaxially with the main body, which is larger in diameter than the main body and forms an annular air gap for the induction air and induction air mixing chamber (cooling chamber) and partially overlaps the main body.

For example, the generator according to the apparatus for extinguishing aerosol of the patent No.2140310 is located coaxially with a ignition device and a propulsion gas chamber (receiver) inside the body, and they are surrounded by a gypsum insulation layer formed along the entire inner surface of the body. The body is covered with a cover containing an ignition agent (activator). The cover is provided with an outlet. The cylindrical case is located coaxially with the main body, which is larger in diameter than the main body and forms an annular air gap for the induction air and induction air mixing chamber (cooling chamber) and partially overlaps the main body.

One disadvantage of the device is that the propellant and induction stream mixing zones are considerably extended, which on the one hand involves the parallel positioning of the generator comprising the propulsion nozzle and the aerosol composition, on the other hand the high temperature. This is because the amount of mixing is quite large due to the size of the propellant. The generator is operated so that combustion of the aerosol composition agent is performed at the end surface, so that the aerosol supply strength is 0.5 g / s · m ³ or less, and uses a gypsum for construction containing a considerable amount of moisture for the main body thermal cutoff. As the inventors themselves mention, it facilitates the cooling of the combustion materials. However, as mentioned above, the warranty period is significantly shortened. In order to avoid this, special measures for sealing the aerosol composition are required.

In view of the general features of the main features and the technical results achieved, the technical device most similar to the present invention was selected as a prototype for <Aerosol Digestion> according to Russian Federation Patent No.2140310.

RU 89963 (Digestive aerosol generator, cl. A62C3 / 10, 2009) RU 89964 (Devices for Aerosol Digestion, cl. A62C13 / 22, 2009) RU 49455 (Digestive aerosol generator, cl. A62C 3/00, 2005) RU 2140310 (apparatus for aerosol digestion, cl. A62C13 / 22, 1999) RU 2205673 (cl. A62C13 / 22, 2010)

The problem to be solved by the apparatus according to the present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing aerosol generator having an optimal combination of fire extinguishing efficiency, gas aerosol temperature and extinguishing aerosol supply strength index in a low closed space.

Another object of the present invention is to reduce the amount of chemical coolant to mass of aerosol composition, and to structurally reduce the amount of propellant mixture (with coaxial arrangement and baffle plates) at the same time as increasing the propulsion coefficient and to allow the aerosol mixture temperature of the generator outlet to fall. In addition, the present invention provides a fire extinguishing aerosol generator that can enhance the aerosol supply strength in the upper as well as the lower position by allowing the aerosol composition agent to burn on the entire surface.

Fire extinguishing aerosol generator according to an aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object is formed by a cylindrical case and the cover and the base having a bottom and a cylindrical case and coaxially fixed to each other to form an annular air gap for induction air, A fire extinguishing aerosol generator including a mixing chamber, an activator, and a propulsion aerosol seal to ensure the formation of a propulsion aerosol seal and an aerosol cooling layer inside the main body. The case and the body are coaxially connected to each other, the baffle plate additionally provided to the generator is provided to partially overlap the side of the body and form an annular nozzle for aerosol discharge, the aerosol cooling layer is located parallel to the ignition device, Between the cooling layer and the ignition device and between the ignition device and the main body side But further formed a free space which serves as a combustion chamber, pushing the aerosol chamber is formed by a perforated bottom and a baffle plate of the main body, characterized in that the bottom of the drilled hole.

The generator of the present invention is preferably manufactured so that the correlation ratio between the cross-sectional area of the annular sphere for the aerosol release and the initial area of the ignition device is in the range of 0.014-0.025, thereby increasing the aerosol supply strength at the top as well as the bottom. have.

The generator of the present invention, which is designed such that the correlation ratio between the coolant mass and the igniter mass is 0.5-0.7, can greatly reduce the amount of chemical coolant to the igniter mass and at the same time lower the body wall temperature.

The present invention can use a plate based on alkali and alkaline earth metal carbonates as the cooling layer of the generator.

In the present invention, the inner surface of the main body, the cover and the baffle plate can be thermally insulated to further lower the generator wall temperature, and it is preferable to use a silicon injection metal as the thermal insulator.

The stability of generator operation according to the invention is further ensured by the firing device and the cooling layer being fixed to the body by means of complementary springs and spacers.

The generator according to the present invention is provided with a support having a cramp shape in the shape of a P-shape, and the baffle plate is firmly connected to the case at three or more points regularly positioned along the circumference of the case, which is convenient and efficient to use.

The body is tightly coupled to the case by fasteners (fittings) at two opposite locations, and the body is further secured to the support so that the generator rotates against the support to ensure the direction of the aerosol air flow from the generator as planned. Can be.

In this case, it is preferable to manufacture the case and the support so that the generator can be fixed at various angles with respect to the support.

One possible structure is a seamless connection of the body cover, for example beading and the like.

Fire extinguishing aerosol generator according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain an effect having an optimal combination of the extinguishing efficiency, gas aerosol temperature and extinguishing aerosol supply strength indices in a low closed space.

In addition, the aerosol generator according to the present invention, the aerosol mixture temperature of the generator outlet by reducing the amount of chemical coolant to the mass of the aerosol composition, and structurally reducing the amount of propellant mixture (with coaxial arrangement and baffle plate) at the same time as increasing the propulsion coefficient This allows for a drop and allows the aerosol composition to be burned on the entire surface, thereby enhancing the aerosol supply strength at the top as well as the bottom position.

1 shows an overall view of the cross section of the generator according to the invention.
2 schematically depicts the body, case and support fixtures.
3 shows a fixed form of the main body, the baffle plate and the case.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The structure of the generator of the invention consists of a body 1 comprising a cover 2 and a perforated bottom 3. The main body 1 is fixed coaxially with the case 4 and forms an annular air gap 5 for sucking induction air from the protective space. The mixing chamber 6 is formed between the main body 1 and the case 4.

The cover 2 of the main body 1 is provided with an activator 7. An ignition device 8 is provided inside the main body 1 and a cooling layer 9 is installed in parallel therewith, between the ignition device side 8 and the main body 1 and between the ignition device end surface 8 and the cooling layer 9. The combustion chamber 10 in the form of an empty space is formed between the.

A baffle plate 11 is provided below the bottom surface 3 of the main body 1 and a propelling aerosol chamber 12 is formed therebetween. The baffle plate 11 may be formed in the shape of a dish, for example, to partially overlap the side surface of the main body 1 and form an annular outlet 13 for discharging the propulsion aerosol to the mixing chamber 6. The heat insulation board 14 can be made in the inner surface of the main body 1, the cover 1, and the baffle plate 11. As shown in FIG.

The cooling layer 9 and the firing device 8 provided between the perforated bottom 3 and the perforated bottom 3 are fixed to the compression spring 15 and the spacer 16 so as not to move.

The generator can be fixed to the support 17 (see FIG. 2).

The baffle plate 11 is fixed to the main body 1 and the case 4, which is fixed by bolts 18 at three points located at regular intervals along the circumference (see FIG. 3). The body 1 and the case 4 are fixed to the support 17 with bolted connections 19 so that the generator can rotate against the support 17. Fasteners (fittings) 20 allow the generator to be secured at the required angle to the support 17 and the source of combustion.

The generator (FIG. 1) comprises a body 1, a cover 2 and a perforated bottom 3. The main body 1 forms an annular air gap 5 and is fixed coaxially with the case 4. The mixing chamber 6 is formed between the main body 1 and the case 4.

When an electric impulse is supplied to the electric activator 7, the aerosol composition 8 is ignited and the combustion chamber 10 obtains a combustion material close to the equilibrium composition. The combustion material passing through the cooling bed 9 is transferred to the propulsion aerosol chamber 12 after interaction with the baffle plate 11, the given pressure level of which is at a constant size of the cross-sectional area of the annular nozzle 13 Is guaranteed. Propulsion of the outside air is made through the annular air gap 5 and the outside air and aerosol are mixed in the mixing chamber 6. At this time, the length of the mixing chamber is determined based on the optimum correlation between the generator size and the mixing chamber outlet, that is, the generator outlet temperature.

During the experiment, temperature measurements were made according to the combustion chamber pressure and the length of the aerosol airflow. Three sections of the Chromel-Copel type were installed in each section. The experimental results are shown in Table 1 below.

Based on the strength characteristics of the generator, the allowable pressure level P of the generator is less than 1.5 atm.

The outlet airflow temperature (T ° C) shall not exceed 280-290 ° C in accordance with safety regulations.

The symbols in the table are as follows:

P-combustion chamber pressure;

F _1- The cross-sectional area of the annular nozzle 13 of the propelling aerosol;

F ₂ -cross-sectional area of the induced gas;

Mзар. The mass of the aerosol composition;

Mохл. Coolant mass;

I-aerosol air flow intensity;

T-gas aerosol airflow temperature at generator outlet

Upper and Lower Source Digestion-means that the aerosol stream is acting on the source in the up or down position.

By analyzing the experimental results, it was proved that in the case of the embodiment (Examples 1-5) including the configuration of the present invention, the technical results mentioned according to all the indicators were achieved.

Deviations from the main feature parameters mentioned (Examples 6-10) do not guarantee the achievement of technical results.

That is, in the case of Examples 6, 8, and 10, fire extinguishing in the lower position is not guaranteed.

In addition, fire extinguishing was ensured, but the pressure of the main body was dangerously high (Example 7), or the generator outlet airflow temperature was shown to be high (Example 9) exceeding the allowable range.

In addition, the prototype device was also tested under the same conditions as the generator proposed here. Experimental results The prototype device does not guarantee fire extinguishing when an aerosol stream is supplied from below (from the bottom) under a sealing rate of 0.012.

The above described data demonstrates that the device of the present invention meets all safety requirements in accordance with current law and is intended to solve the specified problem.

Claims (12)

A fire extinguishing aerosol generator comprising a cylindrical case and a cover and a body having a bottom, which are coaxially fixed to each other and form an annular air gap for induction air, wherein the case sidewalls form a mixing chamber and ensure the formation of an activator and a propulsion aerosol chamber. Baffle which includes an ignition device installed inside the main body and an aerosol cooling layer inside the main body, and ensures the possibility of aerosol release for the extinguishing object, the cylindrical case and the main body are coaxially connected to each other, and additionally provided to the generator The plate is provided to partially overlap the side of the body in parallel with the base and to form an annular nozzle for propelling aerosol release around the body, the aerosol cooling layer being arranged to form an additional combustion chamber therebetween in parallel with the ignition device and The propulsion aerosol seal is located between the base of the body and the baffle plate. A fire extinguishing aerosol generator, characterized in that the perforated. The method of claim 1,
A fire extinguishing aerosol generator, characterized in that the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the annular sphere for aerosol release and the initial area of the ignition device is in the range of 0.014-0.025. The method of claim 1,
A fire extinguishing aerosol generator, characterized in that the correlation ratio between the coolant mass and the igniter mass is 0.5-0.7. The method of claim 1,
An extinguishing aerosol generator, characterized by using alkali and alkaline earth metal carbonates as a base for the cooling layer. The method of claim 1,
A fire extinguishing aerosol generator, characterized in that the inner surface of the body and the baffle plate is provided with a heat insulating material. The method of claim 5, wherein
A fire extinguishing aerosol generator, characterized by using a silicon injection metal as insulation. The method of claim 1,
A fire extinguishing aerosol generator, characterized in that the ignition device and the cooling layer are fixed to the body by complementary springs and spacers. The method of claim 1,
A fire extinguishing aerosol generator, characterized in that the support is provided with a cramped shape of the П shape. The method of claim 1,
The baffle plate is firmly connected to the case at three or more points regularly positioned along the circumference of the case. The method of claim 1,
A fire extinguishing aerosol generator, characterized in that the body is firmly coupled to the case by fasteners at two points opposite to each other and the body is further fixed to the support at the point such that the generator is rotated against the support. 11. The method according to claim 1 or 10,
A fire extinguishing aerosol generator, characterized in that the manufacture of the case and the support so that the generator can be fixed at various angles with respect to the support. The method of claim 1,
A fire extinguishing aerosol generator, characterized in that the cover is connected to the body seamlessly.

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