KR20130027343A - Welding method and apparatus for dissimilar metals - Google Patents

Welding method and apparatus for dissimilar metals Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20130027343A
KR20130027343A KR1020110090871A KR20110090871A KR20130027343A KR 20130027343 A KR20130027343 A KR 20130027343A KR 1020110090871 A KR1020110090871 A KR 1020110090871A KR 20110090871 A KR20110090871 A KR 20110090871A KR 20130027343 A KR20130027343 A KR 20130027343A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
joining member
bonding member
friction
friction welding
bonding
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KR1020110090871A
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Korean (ko)
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박필제
조성헌
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에스티엑스메탈 주식회사
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Priority to KR1020110090871A priority Critical patent/KR20130027343A/en
Publication of KR20130027343A publication Critical patent/KR20130027343A/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/121—Control circuits therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
    • B23K20/125—Rotary tool drive mechanism
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B23K20/227—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B23K20/233—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3033—Ni as the principal constituent
    • B23K35/304—Ni as the principal constituent with Cr as the next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
    • B23K35/308—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent
    • B23K35/3086—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent containing Ni or Mn
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A friction welding method of a dissimilar material and a device are provided to obtain a bonding rate more than 90 % by protruding a hub of a first bonding member over 3 mm according to the friction welding method or the device. CONSTITUTION: A friction welding method of a dissimilar material comprises a touching step in which a second bonding member touches a first bonding member in touching pressure of 8.5-10.5 bar in one second point of time after moving the fixed second bonding member towards the first bonding member; a melting step in which the first bonding member and the second bonding member are melted with friction heat by pressurizing the second bonding member in 45-55 bar pressure until 55 seconds while rotating the first bonding member at 500-630 rpm for friction between the first bonding member and the second bonding member; a forging step for bonding the first bonding member and the second bonding member while a melted material is hardened by pressurizing the second bonding member in 95-105 bar pressure during 38-42 seconds after stopping the first bonding member; and a postprocessing step in which a flash generated in a welding area is removed after the forging step. The second bonding member moves as 21 mm from an initial position during a friction step and moves as 30 mm from the initial position during the forging step.

Description

이종 재료의 마찰 용접 방법 및 장치{WELDING METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DISSIMILAR METALS}Friction welding method and apparatus of dissimilar materials {WELDING METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DISSIMILAR METALS}

본 발명은 서로 다른 재료로 이루어진 2개의 접합부재를 용접하기 위한 방법 및 장치에 관한 것으로서, 특히 회전중인 하나의 접합부재 중심에 다른 접합부재를 밀어붙일 때 발생하는 마찰열에 의해 일부가 용융되어 서로 접합되도록 하는 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 방법 및 장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for welding two joining members made of different materials, and in particular, is partially melted by frictional heat generated when the other joining member is pushed to the center of a rotating joining member. A friction welding method and apparatus for dissimilar materials are provided.

일반적으로 마찰 용접은 두 개의 부재를 접속시킨 상태에서 그 접촉면에 상대 회전 운동과 압력을 가하여 접합하는 용접 방법을 의미하며, 외부에서 열을 가하여 용융시키지 않으므로 고상 용접으로 분류되고 있다. 이러한 마찰 용접 방법은 접합 강도가 매우 우수하여, 이론적으로는 모재 강도의 100%까지 얻을 수 있는 장점이 있다. 특히, 마찰 용접은 이종 금속간 접합이 가능하고, 비용이 매우 저렴할 뿐만 아니라 접합 조건의 재연성이 좋아 품질 신뢰도가 매우 높다.In general, friction welding refers to a welding method of joining by applying relative rotational motion and pressure to the contact surface in a state in which two members are connected, and are classified as solid phase welding because they are not melted by applying heat from the outside. This friction welding method is very excellent in bonding strength, theoretically has the advantage that can be obtained up to 100% of the base material strength. In particular, friction welding is capable of joining dissimilar metals, is very inexpensive, and has high quality reliability due to good reproducibility of joining conditions.

이러한 마찰 용접 방법은 회전 운동을 하는 대상이나 압력을 가하는 방법에 따라 다양한 형태로 이루어지고 있다. 예를 들어, 공개특허 10-2011-78518호에는 이종 재료로 이루어진 제1접합부재와 제2접합부재를 서로 맞닿게 하고, 회전하는 회전돌이 그 접합경계면을 따라 이동하면서 마찰력과 압력을 가하여 제1접합부재와 제2접합부재가 서로 접합되도록 하되, 제1접합부재와 제2접합부재의 배면에 열전도율이 서로 다른 배킹 플레이트를 배치하여, 접합 품질을 균일하게 한 '이종재료의 마찰 용접 방법 및 장치"가 개시되어 있다.Such a friction welding method is made in various forms according to the object to be rotated or the method of applying pressure. For example, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2011-78518 abuts a first joining member and a second joining member made of dissimilar materials with each other, and a rotating rotating stone moves along the joining boundary to apply friction and pressure to the first joining member. 'A friction welding method and apparatus for dissimilar materials' in which a bonding member and a second bonding member are bonded to each other, and a backing plate having a different thermal conductivity is disposed on the back surface of the first and second bonding members to make the bonding quality uniform. Is disclosed.

그러나, 상기한 종래의 마찰 용접 방법은 2종의 접합부재 외에도 회전돌과 같은 회전 및 가압부재가 더 필요하고, 터빈 블레이드와 터빈 축 등 특정 형상을 갖는 대상에 대하여는 적용할 수 없는 문제점이 있다. However, the conventional friction welding method requires a rotation and pressing member such as a rotating stone in addition to the two joining members, and there is a problem that cannot be applied to an object having a specific shape such as a turbine blade and a turbine shaft.

본 발명은 상기한 종래 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로서, 이종 재료로 이루어진 2종의 접합부재는 하나의 접합부재를 회전시킴과 동시에 이 접합부재에 접촉되는 다른 접합부재에 압력을 가하여 마찰에 의해 서로 접합되도록 함으로써, 접합 강도를 높이고 그 결과에 대한 신뢰도를 향상시킬 수 있도록 한 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 방법 및 장치를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, wherein two joining members made of dissimilar materials are rotated by one joining member and at the same time, by applying pressure to the other joining members in contact with the joining members, they are mutually affected by friction. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for friction welding of dissimilar materials that can be bonded, thereby increasing the bonding strength and improving the reliability of the result.

상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은, 고정 상태의 제2접합부재를 제1접합부재 방향으로 이동시켜 1초 시점에 상기 제2접합부재를 제1접합부재에 8.5~10.5 bar의 접촉 압력으로 접촉시키는 접촉 단계와; 상기 제1접합부재를 500~650 rpm으로 회전시키면서 상기 제2접합부재를 45~55 bar의 압력으로 55초까지 가압하여 제1접합부재와 제2접합부재 사이에서 마찰이 이루어지도록 함으로써 마찰열에 의해 제1접합부재 및 제2접합부재가 용융되도록 하는 마찰단계와; 상기 제1접합부재를 정지시키고 38~42초 동안 상기 제2접합부재에 95~105 bar의 압력을 가하여 용융물이 굳어지면서 상기 제1접합부재와 제2접합부재가 접합되도록 하는 단조 단계;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.The present invention for achieving the above object, by moving the second bonding member in the fixed direction toward the first bonding member contacting the second bonding member to the first bonding member at a contact pressure of 8.5 ~ 10.5 bar at 1 second time point Contacting to make; By rotating the first joining member at 500 to 650 rpm, the second joining member is pressurized to 55 seconds at a pressure of 45 to 55 bar to cause friction between the first joining member and the second joining member. A friction step of melting the first joining member and the second joining member; A forging step of stopping the first joining member and applying a pressure of 95 to 105 bar to the second joining member for 38 to 42 seconds to solidify the melt to join the first joining member and the second joining member. It is characterized by.

또, 본 발명의 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 방법에 따르면, 상기 단조 단계가 끝나면 용접 부위에 형성된 플래시를 제거하고 열처리하는 후처리 단계(S4);를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, according to the friction welding method of the dissimilar materials of the present invention, after the forging step is completed, the post-treatment step (S4) of removing and heat-treating the flash formed on the welded portion;

또한, 본 발명의 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 방법에 따르면, 상기 제2접합부재는 상기 마찰 단계가 진행되는 동안 초기 위치로부터 21㎜까지 이동하고, 상기 단조 단계가 진행되는 동안 초기 위치로부터 30㎜까지 이동하는 것을 특징으로 한다.Further, according to the friction welding method of the dissimilar material of the present invention, the second joining member moves from the initial position to 21 mm during the friction step and moves from the initial position to 30 mm during the forging step. It is characterized by.

또, 본 발명의 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 방법에 따르면, 상기 제1접합부재는 허브가 3~10㎜ 돌출된 터빈 블레이드이고, 상기 제2접합부재는 상기 터빈 블레이드의 허브에 접합되는 터빈 샤프트인 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, according to the friction welding method of dissimilar materials of the present invention, the first joining member is a turbine blade with a hub protruding from 3 to 10 mm, and the second joining member is a turbine shaft joined to the hub of the turbine blade. do.

또한, 본 발명의 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 방법에 따르면, 상기 제1접합부재는 니켈기 내열합금인 INCONEL 713LC 재질로 형성되고, 상기 제2접합부재는 크롬-몰리브덴 합금강인 SCM440 QT 재질로 형성되는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, according to the friction welding method of the dissimilar materials of the present invention, the first joining member is formed of an INCONEL 713LC material, which is a nickel-based heat-resistant alloy, and the second joining member is formed of SCM440 QT material of chromium-molybdenum alloy steel. do.

그리고, 본 발명의 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 장치는, 허브가 돌출된 제1접합부재를 잡아주는 척과 모터로 이루어진 회전수단과; 상기 제1접합부재의 허브에 부착되는 제2접합부재의 외주측에 배치되어 상기 제2접합부재가 회전하지 않도록 고정하는 고정수단과; 상기 제2접합부재의 후단측에 설치된 후방 고정부재를 가압하여 상기 제2접합부재를 직선 이동시키는 가압 수단;을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the friction welding apparatus of the different materials of the present invention, the rotation means consisting of a chuck and a motor for holding the first joining member protruding hub; Fastening means disposed on an outer circumferential side of a second joining member attached to the hub of the first joining member to fix the second joining member so as not to rotate; And pressing means for linearly moving the second joining member by pressing the rear fixing member installed at the rear end side of the second joining member.

또, 본 발명의 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 장치에 따르면, 상기 허브는 3~10㎜가 돌출되고 상기 제2접합부재 직경의 95~97%의 직경을 갖는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, according to the friction welding apparatus of the dissimilar material of the present invention, the hub is characterized in that the protruding 3 ~ 10mm and having a diameter of 95 ~ 97% of the diameter of the second joining member.

또한, 본 발명의 이종 재료의 마찰 용접장치에 따르면, 상기 제1접합부재는 니켈기 내열합금인 INCONEL 713LC 재질로 형성된 터빈 블레이드이고, 상기 제2접합부재는 크롬-몰리브덴 합금강인 SCM440 QT 재질로 형성된 터빈 샤프트인 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, according to the friction welding apparatus of the dissimilar material of the present invention, the first joining member is a turbine blade formed of INCONEL 713LC material of nickel-based heat-resistant alloy, the second joining member is a turbine shaft formed of SCM440 QT material of chromium-molybdenum alloy steel It is characterized by that.

본 발명의 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 방법 및 장치는, 제1접합부재를 회전시키면서 제2접합부재를 가압함으로써 접합부재간 직접적인 마찰을 통해 접합하게 되므로 별도의 회전 가압부재를 요구하지 않을 뿐만 아니라 접합율이 향상되는 효과가 있다.The friction welding method and apparatus of the dissimilar material of the present invention, by pressing the second joining member while rotating the first joining member is bonded through the direct friction between the joining members does not require a separate rotational pressing member as well as the bonding rate There is an effect to be improved.

또, 본 발명의 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 방법 및 장치에 따르면, 제1접합부재의 허브가 최소한 3㎜ 이상 돌출시켜 90% 이상의 접합율을 얻을 수 있는 효과가 있다.In addition, according to the friction welding method and apparatus of the dissimilar material of the present invention, the hub of the first joining member protrudes at least 3 mm or more to obtain a bonding ratio of 90% or more.

또한, 본 발명의 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 방법 및 장치에 따르면, 니켈기 내열합금인 INCONEL 713LC 재질로 형성된 터빈 블레이드와 크롬-몰리브덴 합금강인 SCM440 QT 재질로 형성된 터빈 샤프트를 접합함에 있어서 최적의 파라미터를 제공할 수 있는 효과가 있다.In addition, according to the friction welding method and apparatus of the dissimilar materials of the present invention, it provides an optimum parameter in joining the turbine blade formed of the nickel-based heat-resistant alloy INCONEL 713LC material and the turbine shaft formed of SCM440 QT material of chromium-molybdenum alloy steel It can work.

또, 본 발명의 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 방법 및 장치에 따르면, 마찰 용접 과정에서 발생한 플래시를 제거한 후 열처리하게 되므로, 접합부재간 연결부위를 매끄럽게 유지함과 아울러 강도를 향상시킬 수 있는 효과가 있다. In addition, according to the friction welding method and apparatus of the dissimilar material of the present invention, since the flash generated during the friction welding process is heat-treated, there is an effect that can maintain the connection between the joint members smoothly and improve the strength.

도 1은 본 발명에 의한 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 방법을 나타낸 순서도.
도 2는 본 발명의 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 방법을 적용시 각종 파라미터의 변화를 나타낸 그래프.
도 3은 본 발명에 의한 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 장치가 개략적으로 도시된 구성도.
도 4는 본 발명의 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 방법을 이용하여 터빈 블레이드와 터빈 샤프트의 접합한 직후의 모습이 나타낸 참고도.
도 5는 후처리를 마친 터빈 블레이드 및 터빈 샤프트가 도시된 도면. 1 is a flow chart showing a friction welding method of dissimilar materials according to the present invention.
2 is a graph showing changes in various parameters when applying a friction welding method of dissimilar materials of the present invention.
3 is a configuration diagram schematically showing a friction welding apparatus of dissimilar materials according to the present invention.
Figure 4 is a reference diagram showing a state immediately after the joining of the turbine blades and the turbine shaft using the friction welding method of dissimilar materials of the present invention.
5 shows a turbine blade and turbine shaft after finishing processing;

이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 방법 및 장치를 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, a method and apparatus for friction welding of dissimilar materials of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

본 발명에 의한 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 방법은 도 1과 2에 도시된 바와 같이, 고정 상태의 제2접합부재(20)를 제1접합부재 (10)방향으로 이동시켜 1초 시점에 상기 제2접합부재(20)를 제1접합부재(10)에 8.5~10.5 bar의 접촉 압력으로 접촉시키는 접촉 단계(S1)와; 상기 제1접합부재를 500~630 rpm으로 회전시키면서 상기 제2접합부재(20)를 45~55 bar의 압력으로 55초까지 가압하여 제1접합부재(10)와 제2접합부재(20) 사이에서 마찰이 이루어지도록 함으로써 마찰열에 의해 제1접합부재(10) 및 제2접합부재(20)가 용융되도록 하는 마찰 단계(S2)와; 상기 제1접합부재(10)를 정지시키고 38~42초 동안 상기 제2접합부재(20)에 95~105 bar의 압력을 가하여 용융물이 굳어지면서 상기 제1접합부재(10)와 제2접합부재(20)가 접합되도록 하는 단조 단계(S3)와; 상기 단조 단계(S3)가 끝나면 용접 부위에 형성된 플래시(16)를 제거하고 열처리하는 후처리 단계(S4);를 포함하여 이루어진다.In the friction welding method of dissimilar materials according to the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the second joining member 20 in a fixed state is moved in the direction of the first joining member 10 so that the second joining member is moved at a second time. A contact step (S1) of contacting the joining member 20 with the first joining member 10 at a contact pressure of 8.5 to 10.5 bar; While rotating the first joining member at 500 to 630 rpm, the second joining member 20 is pressurized to 55 seconds at a pressure of 45 to 55 bar to between the first joining member 10 and the second joining member 20. Friction step (S2) so that the friction is made in the first bonding member 10 and the second bonding member 20 by the heat of friction to melt; The first joining member 10 and the second joining member are stopped while the melt is hardened by stopping the first joining member 10 and applying a pressure of 95 to 105 bar to the second joining member 20 for 38 to 42 seconds. A forging step S3 for joining 20; After the forging step (S3) is completed, the post-treatment step (S4) for removing the heat treatment and the flash 16 formed on the welding site;

여기서, 상기 제2접합부재(20)는 상기 마찰 단계(S2)가 진행되는 동안 초기 위치로부터 상기 제1접합부재(10)를 향하여 21㎜까지 이동하고, 상기 단조 단계(S3)가 진행되는 동안 초기 위치로부터 30㎜까지 이동하게 된다.Here, the second joining member 20 moves from the initial position toward the first joining member 10 to 21 mm while the friction step S2 is in progress, while the forging step S3 is in progress. It is moved up to 30 mm from the initial position.

그리고, 상기 제1접합부재(10)는 니켈기 내열합금인 INCONEL 713LC 재질로 형성되고, 상기 제2접합부재(20)는 크롬-몰리브덴 합금강인 SCM440 QT 재질(42CrMo4 V 재질)로 형성되는 것으로서, 상기 제1접합부재(10)는 허브(15)가 3~10㎜ 돌출된 터빈 블레이드(10')가 적용되고, 상기 제2접합부재(20)는 터빈 블레이드의 허브(15)에 접합되는 터빈 샤프트(20')가 적용된다.The first bonding member 10 is formed of an INCONEL 713LC material, which is a nickel-based heat-resistant alloy, and the second bonding member 20 is formed of SCM440 QT material (42CrMo4 V material), which is chromium-molybdenum alloy steel. The first joining member 10 is a turbine blade 10 'is applied to the hub 15 protruding 3 ~ 10mm, the second joining member 20 is a turbine bonded to the hub 15 of the turbine blade The shaft 20 'is applied.

한편, 본 발명의 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 장치는, 도 3에 도시된 바와 같이, 허브(15)가 돌출된 제1접합부재(10)를 잡아주는 척(31)과 모터(32)로 이루어진 회전수단(30)과; 상기 제1접합부재(10)의 허브(15)에 부착되는 제2접합부재(20)의 외주측에 배치되어 상기 제2접합부재(20)가 회전하지 않도록 고정하는 고정수단(41)과; 상기 제2접합부재(20)의 후단측에 설치된 후방 고정부재(42)를 가압하여 상기 제2접합부재(20)를 직선 이동시키는 가압 수단(43);을 포함하여 이루어진다.On the other hand, the friction welding apparatus of the different materials of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, the rotation consisting of the chuck 31 and the motor 32 for holding the first joining member 10 protruding hub 15 Means (30); Fixing means (41) disposed on an outer circumferential side of the second joining member (20) attached to the hub (15) of the first joining member (10) to fix the second joining member (20) so as not to rotate; And pressing means (43) for linearly moving the second bonding member (20) by pressing the rear fixing member (42) installed at the rear end side of the second bonding member (20).

여기서, 상기 허브(15)는 3~10㎜가 돌출되고 상기 제2접합부재(20) 직경의 95~97%의 직경을 갖는 것이 바람직하다. 만약, 상기 허브(15)의 돌출 높이가 3㎜ 미만이면 제1접합부재(10)의 본체로 열이 쉽게 전도되어 접합온도를 유지하기가 어렵고 그에 따라 접합율이 떨어지게 된다. 또, 상기 허브(15)의 돌출 높이가 10㎜를 초과하면, 제2접합부재(20)와의 거리가 멀어져 상기 허브(15)가 강도상 취약 부분으로 작용한다. 따라서, 상기 허브(15)의 돌출 높이는 3~10㎜가 적당하다. Here, the hub 15 preferably protrudes 3 to 10 mm and has a diameter of 95 to 97% of the diameter of the second joining member 20. If the protruding height of the hub 15 is less than 3 mm, heat is easily conducted to the main body of the first joining member 10, so that it is difficult to maintain the joining temperature, thereby decreasing the joining rate. In addition, when the protruding height of the hub 15 exceeds 10 mm, the distance from the second joining member 20 is farther away and the hub 15 acts as a weak part in strength. Therefore, the height of protrusion of the hub 15 is preferably 3 to 10 mm.

한편, 상기 제1접합부재(10)에 접촉되는 상기 제2접합부재(20)의 단부는 중심이 오목하게 형성되는 것이 바람직하며, 오목부의 깊이는 대략 0.8㎜ 정도로 하는 것이 좋다.On the other hand, the end portion of the second bonding member 20 in contact with the first bonding member 10 is preferably formed in the center concave, the depth of the concave portion is preferably about 0.8mm.

그리고, 상기 제1접합부재(10)는 니켈기 내열합금인 INCONEL 713LC 재질로 형성된 터빈 블레이드(10')가 적용되고, 상기 제2접합부재(20)는 크롬-몰리브덴 합금강인 SCM440 QT 재질로 형성된 터빈 샤프트(20')가 적용된다.The first joining member 10 includes a turbine blade 10 'formed of an INCONEL 713LC material, which is a nickel-based heat-resistant alloy, and the second joining member 20 is formed of SCM440 QT, which is a chromium-molybdenum alloy steel. Turbine shaft 20 'is applied.

상기와 같이 구성된 본 발명의 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 방법 및 장치는, 선박이나 발전기 등에서 사용되는 터버 차저용 터빈에 있어서 INCONEL 713LC 재질의 터빈 블레이드와 SCM440 QT 재질의 터빈 샤프트를 접합하는데 이용된다.The friction welding method and apparatus for dissimilar materials of the present invention configured as described above are used to join turbine blades made of INCONEL 713LC and turbine shafts made of SCM440 QT in turbine charger turbines used in ships, generators, and the like.

즉, 터빈 블레이드(10')를 회전시키면서 터빈 샤프트(20')를 상기 터빈 블레이드(10')에 밀어붙임으로써 상기 터빈 블레이드(10')의 허브(15)와 상기 터빈 샤프트(20') 사이에서 발생하는 마찰에 의해 상기 허브(15) 및 터빈 샤프트(20')가 일부 용융되면서 서로 접합되도록 하는 것이다. 이 과정에서 상기 허브에서 생성되는 플래시(16)는 상기 터빈 샤프트(20)에서 생성되는 플래시(21)에 비해 훨씬 작게 나타나는데, 이는 상기 터빈 블레이드(10')의 재질인 INCONEL 713LC가 상기 터빈 샤프트(20')의 재질인 SCM440 QT에 비해 매운 큰 고온 강도를 갖기 때문이다.That is, by rotating the turbine blade 10 'and pushing the turbine shaft 20' against the turbine blade 10 ', the hub 15 and the turbine shaft 20' of the turbine blade 10 'are pushed. The hub 15 and the turbine shaft 20 'are partially melted and joined to each other by friction generated in the. In this process, the flash 16 generated in the hub appears much smaller than the flash 21 generated in the turbine shaft 20. This is because the INCONEL 713LC which is a material of the turbine blade 10 ' This is because it has a much higher high temperature strength than SCM440 QT, which is a 20 'material.

물론, 마찰 용접 과정에서 발생한 플래시(16)(21)는 모두 제거되며, 용접 부위의 안정화 및 강도 향상을 위하여 냉각 후 열처리를 수행하는 것은 당연하다. 열처리는 용접 과정에서 발생한 열응력을 제거하는 방식으로 수행한다.
Of course, all of the flash 16, 21 generated during the friction welding process is removed, it is natural to perform the heat treatment after cooling in order to stabilize the weld and improve the strength. The heat treatment is carried out in such a way as to remove the thermal stress generated during the welding process.

이상에서는 본 발명의 바람직한 실시 예를 설명하였으나, 본 발명의 범위는 이 같은 특정 실시 예에만 한정되지 않으며, 해당분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 본 발명의 특허청구범위 내에 기재된 범주 내에서 적절하게 변경이 가능할 것이다.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the scope of the present invention is not limited to such specific embodiments, and those of ordinary skill in the art are appropriately within the scope described in the claims of the present invention. Changes will be possible.

10: 제1접합부재
10': 터빈 블레이드
15: 허브
16: 플래시
20: 제2접합부재
20':터빈 샤프트
21: 플래시
30: 회전수단
31: 척
32: 모터
41: 고정수단
42: 후방 고정부재
43: 가압 수단10: first joining member
10 ': turbine blade
15: Hub
16: flash
20: second bonding member
20 ': turbine shaft
21: flash
30: rotating means
31: Chuck
32: motor
41: fixing means
42: rear fixing member
43: pressurizing means

Claims (8)

고정 상태의 제2접합부재(20)를 제1접합부재 (10)방향으로 이동시켜 1초 시점에 상기 제2접합부재(20)를 제1접합부재(10)에 8.5~10.5 bar의 접촉 압력으로 접촉시키는 접촉 단계(S1)와;
상기 제1접합부재를 500~630 rpm으로 회전시키면서 상기 제2접합부재(20)를 45~55 bar의 압력으로 55초까지 가압하여 제1접합부재(10)와 제2접합부재(20) 사이에서 마찰이 이루어지도록 함으로써 마찰열에 의해 제1접합부재(10) 및 제2접합부재(20)가 용융되도록 하는 마찰 단계(S2)와;
상기 제1접합부재(10)를 정지시키고 38~42초 동안 상기 제2접합부재(20)에 95~105 bar의 압력을 가하여 용융물이 굳어지면서 상기 제1접합부재(10)와 제2접합부재(20)가 접합되도록 하는 단조 단계(S3);를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 방법.The second joining member 20 in a fixed state is moved in the direction of the first joining member 10 so that the second joining member 20 contacts the first joining member 10 at a pressure of 8.5 to 10.5 bar at 1 second. Contacting step (S1) for making contact with each other;
While rotating the first joining member at 500 to 630 rpm, the second joining member 20 is pressurized to 55 seconds at a pressure of 45 to 55 bar to between the first joining member 10 and the second joining member 20. Friction step (S2) so that the friction is made in the first bonding member 10 and the second bonding member 20 by the heat of friction to melt;
The first joining member 10 and the second joining member are stopped while the melt is hardened by stopping the first joining member 10 and applying a pressure of 95 to 105 bar to the second joining member 20 for 38 to 42 seconds. Forging step (S3) to allow the (20) to be bonded; friction welding method of different materials comprising a. 제1항에 있어서,
상기 단조 단계(S3)가 끝나면 용접 부위에 형성된 플래시(16)(21)를 제거하고 열처리하는 후처리 단계(S4);를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 방법 The method of claim 1,
After the forging step (S3) is finished, the post-treatment step (S4) to remove the heat treatment (16) and the flash formed on the welding site (S4); further comprising the friction welding method of different materials 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제2접합부재(20)는 상기 마찰 단계(S2)가 진행되는 동안 초기 위치로부터 21㎜까지 이동하고, 상기 단조 단계(S3)가 진행되는 동안 초기 위치로부터 30㎜까지 이동하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 방법. The method of claim 1,
The second joining member 20 moves from the initial position to 21 mm while the friction step S2 is in progress, and moves from the initial position to 30 mm while the forging step S3 is in progress. Method of friction welding of dissimilar materials. 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제1접합부재(10)는 허브(15)가 최소 3㎜ 돌출된 터빈 블레이드이고, 상기 제2접합부재(20)는상기 제1접합부재의 허브(15)에 접합되는 터빈 샤프트인 것을 특징으로 하는 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 방법.The method of claim 1,
The first joining member 10 is a turbine blade in which the hub 15 protrudes at least 3 mm, and the second joining member 20 is a turbine shaft joined to the hub 15 of the first joining member. Friction welding method of dissimilar materials. 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 제1접합부재(10)는 니켈기 내열합금인 INCONEL 713LC 재질로 형성되고, 상기 제2접합부재(20)는 크롬-몰리브덴 합금강인 SCM440 QT 재질로 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 방법.5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The first bonding member 10 is made of INCONEL 713LC material of nickel-based heat-resistant alloy, the second bonding member 20 is friction welding of different materials, characterized in that formed of SCM440 QT material of chromium-molybdenum alloy steel Way. 허브(15)가 돌출된 제1접합부재(10)를 잡아주는 척(31)과 모터(32)로 이루어진 회전수단(30)과;
상기 제1접합부재(10)의 허브(15)에 부착되는 제2접합부재(20)의 외주측에 배치되어 상기 제2접합부재(20)가 회전하지 않도록 고정하는 고정수단(41)과;
상기 제2접합부재(20)의 후단측에 설치된 후방 고정부재(42)를 가압하여 상기 제2접합부재(20)를 직선 이동시키는 가압 수단(43);을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 장치.A rotation means (30) consisting of a chuck (31) and a motor (32) for holding the first joining member (10) from which the hub (15) protrudes;
Fixing means (41) disposed on an outer circumferential side of the second joining member (20) attached to the hub (15) of the first joining member (10) to fix the second joining member (20) so as not to rotate;
And pressing means (43) for linearly moving the second bonding member (20) by pressing the rear fixing member (42) installed at the rear end side of the second bonding member (20). Friction welding device. 제6항에 있어서,
상기 허브(15)는 상기 최소한 3㎜가 돌출되고 상기 제2접합부재(20) 직경의 95~97%의 직경을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 이종 재료의 마찰 용접장치. The method according to claim 6,
The hub (15) is friction welding apparatus of different materials, characterized in that the at least 3mm protruding and has a diameter of 95 ~ 97% of the diameter of the second joining member (20). 제6항 또는 제7항에 있어서,
상기 제1접합부재(10)는 니켈기 내열합금인 INCONEL 713LC 재질로 형성된 터빈 블레이드이고, 상기 제2접합부재(20)는 크롬-몰리브덴 합금강인 SCM440 QT 재질로 형성된 터빈 샤프트인 것을 특징으로 하는 이종 재료의 마찰 용접 장치.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7,
The first joining member 10 is a turbine blade formed of an INCONEL 713LC material, which is a nickel-based heat resistant alloy, and the second joining member 20 is a turbine shaft formed of SCM440 QT material, which is a chromium-molybdenum alloy steel. Friction welding device of the material.

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115229325A (en) * 2022-09-08 2022-10-25 中车大连机车研究所有限公司 Device for remanufacturing turbine friction welding

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115229325A (en) * 2022-09-08 2022-10-25 中车大连机车研究所有限公司 Device for remanufacturing turbine friction welding
CN115229325B (en) * 2022-09-08 2024-04-09 中车大连机车研究所有限公司 Device for remanufacturing friction welding of turbine

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