KR20130005504U - Filtration apparatus having means for recovering filter material - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a filtration device consisting of a raw water tank (10), a filtration tank (20), a treatment water tank (30), and a centrifuge (40), wherein the filtration tank (20) has a media support (arranged across its interior). It is provided with a filter layer composed of a porous microfiltration medium 50 and a lower filter medium (250) on the top, and equipped with a flow meter or pressure gauge (P ₁ , P ₂ ) in the upper or lower portion of the filtration tank 20, The backwashing time can be determined based on the pressure, and the fine media swept away during the backwashing can be separated by a centrifuge and recovered by the filtration tank 20.

Description

Filtration apparatus having means for recovering filter material

The present invention not only can quickly filter contaminants such as suspended solids and total phosphorus (TP) present in sewage, but also can quickly optimize when contaminants are deposited on the media and the filtration rate drops. To a filtration device. In particular, the present invention relates to a filtration device designed to maximize the treatment efficiency by reducing the backwashing time to recover the micro-filtration medium.

Water, sewage, wastewater and rainwater contain various pollutants and phosphorus, and the load of phosphorus from such sewage is very high.

In general, the sewage treatment apparatus adopts a method of separating contaminants by passing the sewage downflow or upstream to remove contaminants such as suspended solids and solids from sewage.

As described above, the conventional water treatment apparatus for removing suspended solids or solids through the filter medium causes the problem of polluting the ecosystem by discharging the solids or chemicals of fine particles into the water system without sufficient removal, thus improving the situation. .

In addition to these floats and solids, phosphorus introduced into the discharge water through sewage causes a large amount of algae in the water causing eutrophication as nutrients, which adversely affects the aquatic ecosystem.

When treating water with pollutants and phosphorus, which cause these problems, inject chemicals to remove turbid turbidity, suspended matter, or phosphorus in water to form floc particles and process them by flocculation and filtration. have.

Large-scale treatment facilities such as general waterworks or sewage treatment plants have separate flocculation tanks, condensation tanks, and sedimentation tanks for the above-mentioned processes, which require a considerable burden on facility area, and are difficult to operate and manage. This is followed.

The conventional treatment of combined sewage used in the conventional sewage treatment system, where the sewage that exceeds the facility capacity of the sewage terminal treatment plant where the condensate sewage flowing into the sewage terminal treatment plant from the sewage sewage terminal in the primary sedimentation tank is settled to the public waters without being completely treated In some cases, the final treated water is discharged without completely removing contaminants such as fine particles, phosphorus, and nitrates.

Thus, the sewage that is discharged from the overflow and sewage is precipitated and removed only a large amount of solids in the process of simple sedimentation, causing a problem of polluting the downstream ecosystem by being discharged to public waters without a considerable amount of pollutants.

In the past, domestic sewage treatment plants have been installed and operated with advanced treatment facilities by strengthening the discharged water quality standard several times, but the treated water is discharged considerably, but the water quality of treated water is not enough, so In addition to adversely affecting the processing capacity and processing speed is significantly low, the development of a proper treatment technology to improve this is urgently required.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-208104 Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2004-066149 Patent Application Publication No. 10-0967057 Patent Registration No. 10-0351606 Patent No. 10-0351606 relates to a filter for water treatment, and includes a water wheel and a stirring member that stir the filter material, thereby allowing the influent to be filtered for a long time without backwashing. However, such a conventional technology has a disadvantage in that the apparatus is complicated by stirring the filter medium with the stirring member, and there is a high possibility that the pollutants may be stacked deep in the filter medium, so that the pollutants are not discharged during backwashing so that the treated water quality may be deteriorated. And there is a disadvantage that the processing speed is also lowered.

Therefore, the present invention is designed to treat a large amount of sewage at high speed in order to solve the above problems. In addition, the present invention is intended to maximize the recovery rate of the backwashing and fine media during backwashing.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a filtration device that can quickly and effectively remove various types of contaminants, especially SS and T-P, which will flow out of point sources or nonpoint sources contained in raw water, and can continuously maintain processing efficiency.

In particular, the filtration device of the present invention is to be able to quickly discharge the treated water to the outside through the discharge pipe located in the lower portion of the filtration tank by passing the raw water through the filtration tank filled with porous micro media to improve the filtration treatment capacity.

In addition, the filtration device of the present invention, if the sludge or contaminants are excessively trapped between the surface of the porous microfiltration medium and the media through the filtration process for a long time, causing the clogging phenomenon of the porous microfiltration medium to increase the filtration resistance and filtration In order to overcome the problem of decreasing the speed or filtration efficiency and increasing the content of SS in the treated water to be discharged, backwash water is supplied upward from the lower part of the filtration tank to remove sludge adhered to the porous micro media, It is also possible to recover the microfiltrate that is lost in the filtration tank by piggybacking the flow of backwash water to be supplied.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is in fluid communication with the raw water tank and the supply pipe for storing the raw water, the upper discharge pipe which is located in the upper and discharge the backwash water and sludge to the outside, and located in the lower portion to the treated water to the outside A filter tank having a lower discharge pipe for discharging, a filter support base arranged across the inside thereof, and a filter layer including a porous micro media on the media support and a lower media having a relatively high specific gravity below the porous micro media; And a centrifugal separator in fluid communication with the upper discharge pipe and the pipe of the filtration tank, and separating the backwash water and the porous microfilter discharged to the upper discharge pipe.

According to the description of the present invention, the present invention is to prevent the various types of contaminants contained in the treated water, such as rainwater, river water, lake water, sewage, wastewater, water purification, etc. directly to the water system or to reuse the treated water Is provided. In other words, it can be usefully applied to stormwater and sewage treatment or to microfiltration of wastewater and river water or polluted lakes.

The filtration apparatus according to the present invention is to allow the raw water to be supplied into the filtration tank to be downflow filtered to significantly improve the filtration treatment ability to quickly filter the raw water.

In addition, the filtration apparatus according to the present invention is provided to maximize the filtration efficiency by maintaining the filtration layer in an optimal state by back washing the porous micro media in the filtration tank, while the porous micro media with the back washing water It uses relatively light media that are injured and discharged to the outside, but it is possible to shorten the backwashing time by allowing the micro media to be recovered by the backwash water to be lost through the centrifuge.

1 is a schematic view showing an overall filter apparatus according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing an operating process according to the use example of the filtration tank provided in the filtration device of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a filtration device having an ultra-fast filtration function and a recovery function of a micro filter according to the present invention will be described in more detail.

1 is a schematic view of a filtration device according to the present invention.

As shown, the filtration device (1) that provides ultra-fast filtration function, backwashing function of the porous microfiltration medium and the recovery function of the microfiltration medium according to the present invention is the filtration tank 20 and centrifuge (40) connected to the raw water tank (10) ), And the treatment tank 30 is connected to the lower portion of the filtration tank 20, it may be discharged to the river without having a separate treatment tank. Raw water (eg, rainwater, river water or sewage) in the raw water tank 10 is led to the filtration tank 20 through the supply pipe 11.

Optionally, the filtration device 1 according to the present invention further comprises an instantaneous mixer 12 in the supply pipe 11. This instant mixer 12 induces rapid mixing of raw water to be guided to the supply pipe 11 and water treatment chemicals such as flocculant. In addition, since the mixing is rapidly performed, the consumption amount of the flocculant can be reduced. In addition, the instant mixing paper 12 can effectively adjust the amount of admixture of flocculant according to the amount of sewage supplied and the concentration of SS contained in the sewage (or the required water quality of the water to be treated).

The flocculant added to the instantaneous mixer 12 is made of, for example, poly aluminum chloride (PAC) or alum, but various flocculants may be selected. This flocculant aids in chemical coagulation of sewage.

The filtration tank 20 is designed to provide a backwashing space of the porous microfiltration medium 50 while providing a contact space between the raw water to be guided along the supply pipe 11 and the porous microfiltration medium 50. As shown, it is connected to the inside of the filtration tank 20 through the upper side wall of the filtration tank 20 from the raw water tank 10.

The filtration tank 20 includes an upper discharge pipe 220 arranged at an upper end thereof, a media support 250 arranged across the lower portion of the filtration tank 20, a filtration layer located on the media support 250, and a filtration tank 20. The lower discharge pipe 270 is disposed at the lower end. In particular, the filtration tank 20 arranges the filtration layer consisting of a porous micro filter 50 and a lower filter material 51 composed of a thicker and larger specific gravity of the filter medium on the filter medium support part 250. The lower media 51 is preferably sand, but is not limited thereto, and selects and uses a media having a greater specific gravity than that of the micro media 50 stacked above.

Here, the upper discharge pipe 220 sends the pollutants separated from the backwash water and the micro filter to the outside during backwashing, the lower discharge pipe 270 is a path for sending the filtered water to the outside, for example, the treatment tank (30) To provide.

Filtration device 1 according to the present invention is to continue to perform the filtration treatment in accordance with the supply of raw water, in particular, as the filtration treatment is carried out gradually the occlusion phenomenon of the porous fine media 50, the lower discharge pipe 270 The amount of discharge water of the treated water to be discharged along the A) may be remarkably dropped, and the upper portion of the filtration tank 20 may increase in pressure and the lower portion may have a tendency to decrease in pressure. If these events occur, a backwashing facility must be run to block the additional supply of raw water and backwash the porous microfiltration media. At this time, in order to be able to automatically handle the determination of the backwash time, it is necessary to have a backwash determination means, there is provided a pressure gauge (P ₁ , P ₂ ) in the upper and / or lower portion of the filtration tank (20) In particular, one pressure gauge P ₁ is located above the filtration tank 20, ie higher than the filtration bed, while the other pressure gauge P ₂ is located below the filtration tank 20, specifically inside the filtration tank 20. It is preferably located below the media support 250 that traverses. Of course, one pressure gauge may be installed on either side to perform backwashing when the pressure is lower or higher than the reference pressure, and when the flowmeter is installed in the raw water supply pipe 11 or the lower discharge pipe 270 to perform the backwashing. It is also possible.

When the pressure or flow rate detected by the pressure gauges P ₁ and P ₂ , which are the backwash determination means, is out of a preset range, it means that a large amount of contaminants are stacked in the filter layer. That is, the filtration resistance passing through the filtration layer is increased, so that the pressure in the filtration tank of the raw water introduced into the supply pipe 11 is increased, the passage speed is decreased, and the discharge of the treated water discharged to the lower discharge pipe 270 is reduced, This indicates that the filtration efficiency of the porous micro media 50 is not lowered to the lower discharge pipe 270 of the filtration tank 50 so that the water level inside the filtration tank 20 is gradually increased or the pressure is increased.

When this situation occurs, the equipment for supplying the backwash water to be used when backwashing the porous microfiltrate 50 located inside the filtration tank 20 should be operated, and the present invention is provided downstream of the lower discharge pipe 270. The treated water stored in the located treatment tank 30 is flowed back to the lower discharge pipe 270 along the pipe 272 to be supplied into the filtration tank 20. While the subject innovation is simply just a valve (V ₃₎ for the path provided for the pump and the backwash water for the supply of backwash water quickly backwash effect can be effectively expressed.

The floating microporous material 50 seated on the filter medium support part 250 by the upstream supply of the backwash water may be used to exfoliate contaminants due to the collision for the turbulent flow of the microporous medium 50 and the backwash water. The backwash water and the contaminants are discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 220. At this time, the porous microfilament 50 is floated, but most of the sinking back to the lower filter 51, but some may be swept by the backwash water may be discharged to the outside through the upper discharge pipe 220.

The upper discharge pipe 220 is in fluid communication with the pipe 221 to the centrifuge 40 by the means, it is possible to separate the porous micro media 50 from the backwash water and contaminants through the centrifuge (40). The separated porous microfilter 50 is returned to the inside of the filtration tank 20 again. This will be described in more detail below.

Porous microfiltration medium 50 to be used in the filtration tank 20 of the present invention is a glass foam medium having a small particle size (0.1 ~ 0.4mm), porous microfiltration medium 50 to be used in the present invention is mixed with a blowing agent in the glass powder The mixture is heated to a high temperature (for example, 800 to 1,100 ° C.) and cooled and pulverized to have a particle diameter of 0.1 to 0.4 mm, a dry density of 0.4 to 1.0 g / cm 3, and a bulk density of 1.2 to 1.8 g / cm 3 for water saturation. to be. When the volume density is 1.2 g / cm 3 or less, the pore density should be about the same as the density of water, so that it is easily swept by the flow of flowing water, so that the pore density should be distributed evenly on the filtration layer. When the filter medium is squeezed to one side and the bulk density is 1.8 g / cm 3 or more, it is not easily floated by the backwashing water, which is not suitable for the back washing method of the present invention to separate the contaminants due to the rise of the porous micro media.

In the case of water saturation, the porous micro media can be positioned without being disturbed (scattered) by the flow of inflow water flowing downward when the filter is larger than the density of water (1 g / cm 3). The supply of backwash water can be easily floated and separated from contaminants.

The lower media 51 to be provided on the media support 250 is larger than the porous micro media and has a size of 0.5 to 2.0 mm and has a specific gravity greater than that of the micro media so that it is not injured even in the supply of backwash water. For example, the lower media 51 may use sand, and the sand is stacked on the media support 250, and the porous micro media 50 is disposed on the sand. Preferably, the media support 250 has a plurality of strainers, which have a slot smaller than the diameter of the sand to prevent the loss of sand, which is the lower media 51. The treated water is discharged downwards through the slots of the strainer.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing an operating process according to the use example of the filtration device having an ultrafast backwashing function of the present invention.

The present invention is described in detail by dividing the case of another filtration device to process the raw water and the case of backwashing the porous micro media, the flow of the flow guided through the supply pipe 11 and the discharge pipe (220, 270), etc. If water flows through each pipe for identification, the pipe is colored black. Do not paint pipes without flow. The interior of the filtration tank 20 is not colored separately so that the understanding of the filling state of the raw water or backwashing water in the filtration tank 20 can be clarified.

2A is a diagram illustrating a step of filtering raw water in the filtration tank 20.

Specifically, the raw water is guided along the supply pipe 11 to the inside of the filtration tank 20, more specifically the upper portion of the filtration tank 20. The supply pipe 11 opens the valve V ₁ so as to guide the raw water and contaminants contained in the raw water to the inside of the filtration tank 20 in a floc in the form of turbid particles. The raw water and the floc pass through the strainer installed in the filter medium support part 250 through the porous micro filter medium 50 and the lower filter medium 51 and flow out to the lower discharge pipe 270. The valve V ₂ is opened so that the treated water to be discharged to the lower discharge pipe 270 smoothly flows out to the external water system or the treated water tank 30 (see FIG. 1).

The filtration tank 20 used in the present invention supplies raw water in a downflow flow from the filtration layer made of the porous microfiltration media 50, so that the treated water can be quickly discharged to the outside by gravity action and pressure.

As described above, in the step in which the raw water flowing into the supply pipe 11 is filtered, the valve V ₁ and the valve V ₂ may be supplied to the filtration tank 20 and at the same time, to quickly discharge the treated water to the outside. While opening, the valve V ₃ and valve V ₄ involved in backwashing are closed.

The valve V ₃ is closed as shown, which prevents internal inflow of clean backwash water (ie, treated water) stored in the treatment tank 30.

The valve V ₄ is determined to be opened by the back washing determination means. For example, if the pressure sensed by the pressure gauges P ₁ and P ₂ does not deviate from the preset reference value, the valve V ₄ is kept closed, so that the raw water and the odor are discharged from the upper discharge pipe ( 220) to prevent leakage to the outside.

FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating a step of backwashing the filtration layer arranged inside the filtration tank 20.

As the continuous filtration process for the raw water is carried out, when the sludge is trapped in the porous microfiltration medium 50 and the filtration resistance is increased, the filtration efficiency is remarkably decreased, so that the speed of the treated water penetrating through the filtration layer may occur. Gradually, the water level of the raw water filled in the filtration tank 20 is increased or the pressure is increased. When the time elapses in this state, the measured value of the flow meter or the pressure gauge, which is the backwash determination means, is out of the reference value, and the backwashing step is performed at this time. The backwashing process of the porous micro media 50 first blocks the valve V ₁ of the supply pipe 11 to block the supply of raw water, and closes the pipe connected from the filtration tank 20 to the treatment tank 30. To close the valve (V ₂ ).

When the pump P connected to the treatment tank 30 is started, the valve V ₃ is opened, and the treatment water of the treatment tank 30 is supplied into the filtration tank 20. In particular, this treated water will be used as backwash water.

The backwash water supplied in the upstream may turbulent flow inside the filtration tank 20 to exfoliate sludge or contaminants stacked on the filtration layer or adhered to the porous microfiltrate 50. As described above, the backwash water may flow through the media support 250, particularly the strainer, through the lower media 51 and the porous micro media 50.

During the backwashing process, the backwashing water continuously flows into the filtration tank 20 to increase the level of the backwashing water in the filtration tank 20, whereby the backwashing water is opened in the upper discharge pipe 220 (V _4). It is flowed to the centrifuge 40 is connected to the upper discharge pipe 220 disposed through). The backwash water to be guided to the upper discharge pipe 220 is discharged together with the sludge separated from the porous microfiltrate 50, and some lightweight porous microfiltrate 50 is also swept away by the flow of the backwash water and centrifuged through the upper discharge pipe 220. May be introduced into the separator 40.

After the porous microfilament is separated in the centrifuge 40, the backwash water is stored in a separate tank for storing the backwash water or the raw water tank 10, as is well known to those skilled in the art, even if not described or shown herein. May be recycled for further filtration.

When the backwash water contains porous micro media, the centrifuge 40 is driven as necessary.

Preferably, the centrifuge 40 uses a cyclonic centrifuge.

When the centrifuge 40 separates the backwash water and the porous microfiltration medium through the centrifugal action by the rotation of the discharge pressure of the backwashing water, the porous microfiltration medium opens the valve V ₅ as necessary to open the pipe 241. As a result, it is recovered into the filtration tank 20 again.

Optionally, the pipe 241 communicates the centrifuge 40 and the filtration tank 20, one end of the pipe 241 connected to the filtration tank 20 of the filtration layer laminated on the filter medium support during the filtration process Place it higher than the height. This helps the porous micro media 50 to be recovered through the pipe 241 to smoothly flow into the filtration tank 20.

Piping 241 for the recovery of the micro filter may be connected to the upper portion of the filtration tank 20, or may be connected to the pipe (11) for introducing the raw water may be introduced into the inlet of the raw water and the filtration tank 20.

It is understood that the present invention is not limited to the above detailed description, examples, and accompanying drawings, but may be modified within the scope and scope of the following claims.

1 ----- filter,
10 ---- fountain tank,
20 ---- filtration tank,
30 ---- treatment tank,
40 ----- centrifuge,
50 ----- porous microfiltration media,
P ----- pump,
V ₁ , V ₂ , V ₃ , V ₄ , V ₅ ----- Valve.

Claims (4)

It is in fluid communication with the raw water tank 10 and the supply pipe 11 for storing the raw water, the upper discharge pipe 220 is disposed at the top to discharge the backwash water and contaminants to the outside, and located in the lower portion to discharge the treated water to the outside Filtration tank 20 having a lower discharge pipe 270 to be;
The media support support part 250 disposed across the inside of the filtration tank 20, the porous micro media 50 that is settled down on the media support part 250, and the lower portion of the porous micro media have a relatively high specific gravity. A filter layer composed of a lower filter material 51; And
In the backwashing device for filtration device comprising a; backwash water supply pump (P) and backwash water supply valve (V ₃ ) for backwashing the filtration layer,
The porous micro media 50 is a glass foam media having a particle size of 0.1 ~ 0.4mm to rise with the back washing water during back washing, the volume density of dry 0.4 ~ 1.0g / ㎠, the volume density of 1.2 when saturating water And 1.8 g / cm 3
The lower media 51 is to have a size of 0.5 ~ 2.0mm as sand,
When backwashing, the porous microfilament 50 floats according to the rise of the reverse body spinal water, but the lower media 51 which is sand is not injured.
An apparatus used to backwash the filtration layer, which is connected to the upper discharge pipe 220 and the pipe 221 of the filtration tank 20, and the backwash water discharged to the upper discharge pipe 220 when backwashing And a centrifuge 40 for separating the porous microfiltration material 50 partially swept away by the backwash water, and recovering the porous microfiltration material separated by the centrifuge 40 toward the upper side of the filtration layer. The ultra-fast filtration function and the backwashing device for a filtration device having a recovery function of the micro filter medium.
According to claim 1, wherein the filter medium support portion 250 is provided with a plurality of strainers (stranier) to prevent the loss of the lower filter medium 51 to discharge the treated water, ultra-fast filtering function and recovery of the micro media Backwashing device for filtration device with function.
The backwashing device for a filtration device according to claim 1, wherein the centrifuge (40) is a cyclone-type centrifugal separator.
The ultra-high speed according to claim 1, wherein one or more pressure gauges P ₁ and P ₂ or a flow meter are provided on the upper or lower portion of the filtration tank 20 to determine the time of backwashing by the pressure difference or the flow rate difference with respect to the reference value. Backwashing device for filtration device with filtration and recovery of fine media.

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