KR20120125202A - Apparatus for measuring the height of surveying instrument using laser distance meter including hand-vibration error compensation function - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A device for measuring the height of a surveying instrument with a hand tremble compensating function by using a laser ranger is provided to compensate an error value by using environmental element information obtained by a sensor, thereby precisely measuring the height of a surveying instrument. CONSTITUTION: A device for measuring the height of a surveying instrument with a hand tremble compensating function by using a laser ranger comprises a tripod(100), a tribe rack(200), a tribe rack adapter(300), a GPS antenna(400), and a controller(600). The tripod supports the ground with three legs(110). The GPS antenna is mounted in an upper side of a body of the tripod. The tribe rack comprises three joining grooves being joined to the tribe rack adapter for controlling a canonical or centripetal of the GPS antenna in an upper side. The tribe rack adaptor comprises three joining protrusions being joined to the joining grooves of the tribe rack and a central protrusion being connected to a central shaft of the GPS antenna. The GPS antenna receives frequency signals from a GPS satellite and confirms a location of a surveying instrument. A laser ranger irradiates laser beams, thereby obtaining the height of the surveying instrument. The controller generates control signals for compensating an error value caused by a h and tremble when obtaining the height of the surveying instrument.

Description

A device for measuring the height of an instrument using a laser range finder capable of image stabilization errors.

The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring instrument height.

In the field of surveying using GPS satellites, the distance between the receiver and the GPS satellites on the surface is determined by measuring the time that the signal transmitted from the satellites reaches the receiver. However, the signal transmitted from the GPS satellites is a speed shift as it passes through the earth's atmosphere, causing a signal delay. In addition, even when using a variety of measurement equipment, such as a tape measure or an electromagnetic range finder to measure the distance, measurement errors occur due to environmental factors such as temperature. These phenomena affect the determination of accurate final survey values in the field that require errors of several millimeters or less.

In addition, when performing a GPS (Global Positioning System) survey by using a survey instrument including a GPS antenna installed on an upper side of a tripod, the height of the instrument is measured using a tape measure or a bar provided by the GPS antenna manufacturer. However, in the field requiring errors of several millimeters (mm) or less, measuring the height of the instrument directly by a tape measure or a stick has a great influence on determining the exact final measurement value, as well as measuring the height of the measured instrument. By directly inputting a value, it is not possible to process data in real time, and furthermore, it is possible to input wrong information.

A first object of the present invention is to provide a sensor capable of detecting environmental element information such as air pressure, temperature, and humidity, so that an error caused by signal delay can be corrected.

A second object of the present invention is to equip the instrument with a laser range finder to automatically measure the height of the instrument.

A third object of the present invention is to improve accuracy and speed in obtaining a final survey value by measuring a height value of the instrument and inputting the instrument in real time.

A fourth object of the present invention is to enable a laser range finder attached to an instrument to be detachable.

In order to achieve this technical problem, the present invention, in the device for measuring the height of the instrument using a laser rangefinder capable of image stabilization error, three legs 110 for the ground to support the tribrach 200 Tripod 100 for mounting the GPS antenna 400 on the upper side of the body 120 for including; Three coupling grooves 210 are accommodated in the body of the tripod 100 through the receiving portion provided on the lower side, and coupled to the tribrach adapter 300 to adjust the leveling or centripet of the GPS antenna 400 on the upper side. Tribrach 200 having a; A tribrach adapter (300) having three coupling protrusions (310) coupled to the coupling grooves (210) of the tribrach and a center protrusion (320) connected to a central axis of the GPS antenna (400); A GPS antenna 400 for receiving a frequency signal from a GPS satellite to check the position of the instrument; A laser range finder 500 for irradiating a laser beam to obtain a height value of the instrument; And a controller 600 generating a control signal for correcting an error value due to hand shake when acquiring a height value of the instrument. Including, the laser range finder 500, the spiral groove is formed on the outer surface, the spiral groove is coupled to the receiving portion of the tribrach 200, the tripod 100 and the Connection portion 510 for connecting between the tribrach 200; An interface unit 521 for connecting with the instrument and the controller; A sensor unit 522 including a temperature sensor for sensing a temperature around the instrument; According to the temperature value measured from the sensor 522, the following equation, Lo = L ± a? L ( t - to ), where 'L' represents the measured height of the instrument and 'a' represents the coefficient of linear expansion A 't' indicates a temperature around the instrument, and 'to' indicates a standard temperature (15 °); an error correction unit 523 correcting the length change value of the instrument; A communication unit 524 receiving a measurement command signal for measuring the height of the instrument from the controller 600 and a control signal for controlling the irradiation position and the irradiation direction of the laser range finder 500; A laser irradiator 525 for irradiating a laser to measure the height of the instrument using the measurement command signal and the control signal received through the communication unit 524; A memory unit (526) for storing the measured height value and the length change value of the instrument; And the high value and a display unit 527 that the length of the display through the liquid crystal display to the change value, the GPS antenna 400 is a signal delay value of the frequency signal transmitted from the GPS satellite following equation, △ L = ∫ _L n (s) ds -G, where ΔL is the difference between the geometric straight path and the actual path of the frequency signal, and n (s) is the refraction function at position s along path L And G represents a geometric straight path), and the signal delay value is transmitted to the error compensator 523. The height of the instrument using a laser range finder comprising a temperature sensor It provides a device for measuring.

In addition, in the present invention, the connection portion 510 is characterized in that the mounting or detachable to the receiving portion of the tribrach.

In addition, in the present invention, the interface unit 521 is characterized by consisting of a USB port or a serial port.

In addition, in the present invention, the display unit 527 is a low-end type liquid crystal display (STN-LCD), a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD), UFB-LCD (Ultra Fine Brightness-LCD), a thin film diode liquid crystal display It is either a device (TFD-LCD) or an organic EL.

According to the present invention, the instrument has a sensor capable of sensing environmental element information such as air pressure, temperature and humidity, thereby correcting errors due to signal delay. In addition, by correcting the error value by using the environmental element information obtained through the sensor, it is possible to measure the height of the instrument more precisely. In addition, by adjusting the laser range finder using a cable, it is possible to prevent radio wave disturbance or hand shake by the surveyor, and to make the laser range finder easily attachable and detachable to the instrument to ensure convenience of movement and portability. .

1 is a view illustrating an instrument height measuring apparatus using a laser range finder as an embodiment to which the present invention is applied.
2A to 2D illustrate embodiments to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 2A shows a tripod, FIG. 2B shows a tribrach, FIG. 2C shows a tribrach adapter, and FIG. 2D shows a GPS antenna.
3A and 3B show a laser range finder according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3C shows a schematic internal block diagram of a laser range finder as an embodiment to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 3D shows through a display unit. Shows the items displayed.
4A to 4D are exemplary embodiments to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 4A shows a controller, FIG. 4B shows a schematic internal block diagram of the controller, FIG. 4C shows a control unit, and FIG. 4D shows a power supply unit.
5 is a flowchart illustrating a method of measuring the height of an instrument using a laser range finder as an embodiment to which the present invention is applied.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, the configuration and operation of the present invention described by the drawings will be described as one embodiment, whereby the technical spirit of the present invention And its core composition and operation are not limited.

In addition, the terminology used in the present invention was selected as a general term widely used as possible now, in a specific case will be described using terms arbitrarily selected by the applicant. In such a case, the meaning is clearly stated in the detailed description of the relevant part, so it should be understood that the name of the term used in the description of the present invention should not be simply interpreted and that the meaning of the corresponding term should be understood and interpreted .

In general, survey is to find the relative positional relationship between points at different positions. It is to determine the relative position of all points on the earth's surface and measure the position, shape, and area of a part. Afterwards, it means to make a map, etc. based on the positional relationship or other data of each point, or to obtain and plot the area or volume of land. In addition, triangulation, traverse survey, level survey, topographic survey, and route survey in addition to these types of surveys are also planned. , Mine surveying in and out of the port, coast and coastal Shenzhen, its changes, port surveying to measure the direction of tides, ocean surveying, and inside and outside the gang required for mining An cadastral survey which mainly clarifies the ownership of land by examining the location, boundary, shape, land, land, area, and owner of the land and creating or modifying the cadastral map. have. The instruments used to do this survey include theodolites, trasits or electronic levels. When surveying using the instrument, the surveyor directly measures the height of the instrument by using a measuring tape, a bar, or an Inbar tape to obtain a survey value.

Referring to the drawings with respect to the instrument height measuring device using a removable laser range finder according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 is a view illustrating an instrument height measuring apparatus using a laser range finder as an embodiment to which the present invention is applied. 2A to 2D illustrate embodiments to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 2A shows a tripod, FIG. 2B shows a tribrach, FIG. 2C shows a tribrach adapter, and FIG. 2D shows a GPS antenna.

Referring to Figure 1, the instrument height measuring device using a removable laser range finder is a tripod (100, Tripod), Tribrach (200, Tribrach), Tribrach Adapter (300, Tribrach Adapter) and GPS antenna (400) And a laser range finder 500 and a controller 600 that can be attached and detached in a state provided with a Global Positioning System Antenna.

The tripod 100 shown in FIG. 2A has a function of supporting the ground with three legs 110 for surveying while mounting the GPS antenna 400 shown in FIG. 2D on the upper side. Specifically, the tripod 100 is fixed to the three legs 110 and one side of the three legs 110 to be rotatable, and includes a body 120 for receiving the tribrach 200 to be described later. For reference, the surveyor opens the three legs 110 when installing the tripod 100, and then insert the support surface attached to the three legs 110 to the ground to fix the legs (110). As such, the three support surfaces are inserted into the ground and the legs 110 are fixed to the ground, so that the tripod 100 does not fall down even when an impact is applied to the tripod 100 so that the standing state is stably maintained to perform accurate surveying. Can be.

In addition, the tribrach 200 shown in FIG. 2b forms a receiving portion not shown so that the lower side thereof may be accommodated in the body 120 of the tripod, and the tribrach 200 is coupled to the tribrach adapter 400 to be described later. It includes three coupling grooves 210 on the upper side of the black (200). In this embodiment, the receiving portion is set to the inner surface of the receiving portion provided with a spiral groove so that the tribrach 200 can be accommodated in the body 120 of the tripod, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Specifically, the tribrach 200 uses the tribrach adapter 300 shown in FIG. 2c to adjust the leveling and the centripet in the state where the GPS antenna 400 is mounted on the upper side. To perform. Here, the leveling control means to adjust the GPS antenna 400 to maintain the horizontal, the centripetal adjustment means to adjust the vertical center axis and the ground point position of the GPS antenna 400 in a straight line.

In addition, the tribrach adapter 300 is shown with reference to Figure 2c, the lower side has three coupling protrusions 310 are coupled to the three coupling grooves 210 of the tribrach, the GPS antenna mounted on the upper side A center projection 320 is included to adjust the leveling and the centripet of the 400. In other words, when the surveyor adjusts the GPS antenna 400 using the tribrach 200, the center projection 320 is connected to the central axis of the GPS antenna 400 to establish the leveling and centripetality of the GPS antenna 400. Adjust.

In addition, the GPS antenna 400 shown in FIG. 2D receives a frequency signal from a GPS satellite to identify a location, and at this time, the GPS antenna 400 generates a signal delay in the process of receiving the frequency signal from a GPS satellite. Done. This signal delay occurs because the air in the troposphere has a larger refractive index than in the vacuum (refractive index = 1), and eventually the larger refractive index in vacuum causes a time delay. Due to spatially varying refractive indices, the path of the signal has some curvature with respect to the geometric curve. Therefore, the difference value between the geometric straight line path and the actual path can be obtained as in Equation 1 below.

Here, ΔL means the difference between the geometric linear path and the actual path, n (s) represents the refractive function at position s along the path L, G represents the geometric straight path.

Rewriting Equation 1 is equal to Equation 2 below.

Here, the preceding term ∫ [n (s) -1] ds is an effect due to the slowing down of the GPS signal, and the latter term [SG] is an effect due to the bending of the GPS signal.

Therefore, more accurate data can be obtained if the path difference due to the GPS signal delay is corrected by being reflected in the final survey value.

3A and 3B show a laser range finder according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3C shows a schematic internal block diagram of a laser range finder as an embodiment to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 3D shows through a display unit. Shows the items displayed.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the laser distance meter 500 measures the height of the instrument from the ground by irradiating a laser, and then automatically transmits the measured height value to the instrument through the cable A. The bar includes a connection part 510 and a measuring part 520. The laser range finder 500 is compact and easy to carry, can measure a distance of several meters to several tens of meters, and has almost no error compared to a conventional measuring tool such as a tape measure. However, in a site requiring an error of several millimeters (mm) or less, measurement errors may occur due to environmental factors such as temperature even when surveying equipment such as the laser range finder 500 is used. For example, if the temperature difference is severe compared to the standard temperature (15 °) prescribed in the National Geographic Institutions by the National Geographic Institutions, the minute length change of the instrument itself may occur due to the linear expansion of the object as shown in Equation 3 below.

Here, 'L' represents the observation length, 'a' represents the linear expansion coefficient, 't' represents the temperature at the site, 'to' represents the standard temperature (15 °). In order to determine a more accurate final measurement value, it is necessary to correct an error value as shown in Equation 3 above.

In addition, the laser range finder 500 has hundreds of memories, and can store a large amount of measurement data, and has a function to calculate area, volume, etc. as well as distance measurement, and has an interface such as RS-232C. The measurement data can be transmitted and received to the personal terminal. In the present embodiment, the height of the instrument is measured by being coupled to the instrument, but it can be used as a portable range finder because detachment and attachment are possible.

The connecting portion 510 forms a spiral groove on the outer surface, and the spiral groove is coupled to the accommodation portion of the tribrach, thereby connecting the tripod 100 and the tribrach 200. At this time, the connecting portion 510 may be attached or detached to the receiving portion of the tribrach.

As shown in FIG. 3C, the measuring unit 520 detects an environmental element and performs a function of measuring the height of the instrument. The measurement unit 520 may include an interface unit 521, a sensor unit 522, an error correction unit 523, a communication unit 524, a laser irradiation unit 525, a memory unit 526, a display unit 527, and a transmission unit. 528.

The interface unit 521 performs a connection function with the instrument and the controller 600 through the cable A. Specifically, the interface unit 521 is composed of a USB port or a serial port (Serial Port), the present invention is not limited thereto.

The sensor unit 522 performs a function of detecting an environmental element in real time. For example, the sensor unit 522 may include at least one of an air pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor. When performing a survey, the height of the instrument can be measured by measuring the speed and time when the laser beam irradiated to the ground is reflected off the ground and reaches the laser range finder. However, in the field requiring an error of a few mm or less, since the speed and time may be changed in at least one of the air pressure, temperature, and humidity measured in the field, accurate measurement values cannot be obtained. Therefore, the sensor unit 522 transmits the error correction unit 523 by obtaining information about air pressure, temperature and humidity in real time.

The error compensator 523 may receive a path difference value measured by the GPS antenna 400 to correct an error through the path difference value, thereby obtaining a more accurate measurement value. In addition, the error correction unit 523 may obtain a more accurate measurement value by receiving the length change value measured by the sensor unit 522 and correcting the error.

The communication unit 524 receives a measurement command signal for measuring the height of the instrument from the controller 600 and a control signal for controlling the laser range finder 500. Here, the control signal is set to include the irradiation position and the irradiation direction of the laser range finder 500, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The laser irradiator 525 irradiates a laser beam toward the ground using the measurement command signal and the control signal received through the communication unit 524. In the present embodiment, but set to irradiate a laser to measure the height of the instrument, the present invention is not limited to this, it is also possible to measure by using ultrasonic waves or radio waves.

The memory unit 526 stores a measurement command signal, a control signal received from the controller 600, and a height value, a path difference value, and a length change value of the measured instrument.

Referring to FIG. 3D, the display unit 527 displays the height value and the environmental element information of the measured instrument through a liquid crystal screen so that the surveyor can check in real time. Here, the type of liquid crystal may be a low-end type liquid crystal display (STN-LCD), a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD), UFB-LCD (Ultra Fine Brightness-LCD), a thin film diode liquid crystal display (TFD-LCD) or organic EL and the like.

The transmitter 528 transmits the height value and the environmental element information of the instrument measured through the cable A to the instrument and the controller 600.

4A to 4D are exemplary embodiments to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 4A shows a controller, FIG. 4B shows a schematic internal block diagram of the controller, FIG. 4C shows a control unit, and FIG. 4D shows a power supply unit.

As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the controller 600 controls the irradiation position and the irradiation direction of the laser range finder by using environmental element information received from the laser range finder 500 through the cable A. The input unit 610, the receiver 620, the determiner 630, the adjuster 640, the selector 650, the transmitter 660, the power source 670, and the storage unit 680 are performed. And a control unit 690. In this case, the controller 600 prevents the shaking of the instrument due to the shaking of the surveyor, which may act as a variable when measuring the height of the instrument, and prevents radio interference from occurring while receiving data through the GPS antenna 400. And it is connected to the laser range finder 500 and the cable (A).

Referring to FIG. 4C, the input unit 610 receives a control signal for controlling the survey device 500 from the surveyor. In the present embodiment, the input unit 610 is set to be a joystick and a direction indicator, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The receiver 620 receives a height value and environmental element information of the instrument through the transmitter 528 of the laser range finder.

The determination unit 630 determines whether to control the irradiation position and the irradiation direction of the laser distance meter 500 using the received environmental element information and the measurement data, and the adjusting unit 640 of the determination unit 630 It performs a function of controlling the irradiation position and the irradiation direction of the laser range finder 500 according to the determination result.

The selector 650 performs a function of irradiating a laser toward the ground to be measured by the surveyor based on the measured data, and the transmitter 660 transmits the measured data and the control signal to the communicator 524. It transmits the height value and environmental element information of the measuring device.

Referring to FIG. 4D, the power supply unit 670 performs a function of supplying power required for the operation of the controller 600. In the present embodiment, although the power is set using the external battery or the rechargeable battery, the present invention is not limited thereto, but the power is supplied from an external DC power supply device (general adapter), UPS (Uninterruptible It may also include a method of receiving power from an uninterruptible power supply.

The storage unit 680 stores measurement data received from the instrument, control signals, environmental element information received from the laser range finder 500, and a height value of the instrument.

The controller 690 may include an input unit 610, a receiver 620, a determiner 630, an adjuster 640, a selector 650, a transmitter 660, a power supply 670, and a storage 680. Function to control.

Hereinafter, a method of measuring a height of a measuring instrument using a detachable laser range finder using a detachable laser range finder using a detachable laser range finder having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to FIG. 5.

5 is a flowchart illustrating a method of measuring the height of an instrument using a laser range finder as an embodiment to which the present invention is applied.

As shown in FIG. 5, the controller 690 receives a measurement command signal for measuring the height of the instrument using the laser range finder 500 from the instrument (S2). Specifically, the GPS antenna 400 is mounted on the upper side of the tripod 100 supporting the ground with three legs 110, and the GPS antenna 400 using the tribrach 200 and the tribrach adapter 300. Adjust the horizontal or vertical center of the line and the position of the ground point in a straight line. At this time, by coupling the connecting portion of the laser range finder between the tripod 100 and the tribrach 200, the receiving portion of the tribrach lower side, it is possible to measure the height of the instrument.

In addition, the controller 690 obtains environmental element information from the laser range finder 500 through the cable A (S4). Herein, the control unit 690 receives environmental element information in real time through the sensor unit 522 of the laser range finder, and the environmental element information includes at least one of barometric pressure information, temperature information, and humidity information. The obtained environmental element information is stored and displayed on the screen by the controller 690 (S6). The controller 690 determines whether the laser range finder 500 is controlled using the obtained environmental element information (S8).

As a result of the determination in step S8, when it is not necessary to control the laser range finder 500, the controller 690 measures the height value of the instrument by irradiating a laser according to the measurement command signal (S10).

Then, the controller 690 stores the measured height value of the instrument, and transmits the height value and environmental element information measured by the instrument through the cable (A) (S12).

On the other hand, as a result of the determination in step S8, when it is necessary to control the laser range finder 500, the control unit 690 controls the irradiation position and the irradiation direction of the laser range finder 500 (S14). And the height value of the instrument is measured by irradiating a laser to the ground using the controlled laser range finder.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. , Substitution or addition, or the like.

DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
100: tripod 200: tribrach
300: Tribrach adapter 400: GPS antenna
500: laser rangefinder 510: connection
520: measuring unit
521: interface unit 522: sensor unit
523: error correction 524: communication unit
525: laser irradiation unit 526: memory unit
527: display unit 528: transmitting unit
600: controller 610: input unit
620: Receiving unit 630: Determination unit
640: control unit 650: selection unit
660: transmission unit 670: power supply
680: storage unit 690: control unit

Claims (3)

In the device for measuring the height of the instrument using a laser rangefinder capable of image stabilization error,
Tripod 100 for supporting the ground with three legs 110 for the survey, and mounting the GPS antenna 400 on the upper side of the body 120 for including the tribrach 200;
Three coupling grooves 210 are accommodated in the body of the tripod 100 through the receiving portion provided on the lower side, and coupled to the tribrach adapter 300 to adjust the leveling or centripet of the GPS antenna 400 on the upper side. Tribrach 200 having a;
A tribrach adapter (300) having three coupling protrusions (310) coupled to the coupling grooves (210) of the tribrach and a center protrusion (320) connected to a central axis of the GPS antenna (400);
A GPS antenna 400 for receiving a frequency signal from a GPS satellite to check the position of the instrument;
A laser range finder 500 for irradiating a laser beam to obtain a height value of the instrument; And
A controller 600 for generating a control signal for correcting an error value due to hand shake when acquiring a height value of the instrument;
Including but not limited to:
The laser range finder 500,
A spiral groove is formed on an outer surface thereof, and the spiral groove is coupled to a receiving portion of the tribrach 200, thereby connecting the connection part 510 to the tripod 100 and the tribrach 200. ;
An interface unit 521 for connecting with the instrument and the controller;
A sensor unit 522 including a temperature sensor for sensing a temperature around the instrument;
According to the temperature value measured from the sensor 522, the following equation,
Lo = L ± a? L ( t - to )
(Where 'L' represents the measured height of the instrument, 'a' represents the coefficient of linear expansion, 't' represents the temperature around the instrument, and 'to' represents the standard temperature (15 °))
An error compensator (523) for correcting a length change value of the instrument by using;
A communication unit 524 receiving a measurement command signal for measuring the height of the instrument from the controller 600 and a control signal for controlling the irradiation position and the irradiation direction of the laser range finder 500;
A laser irradiator 525 for irradiating a laser to measure the height of the instrument using the measurement command signal and the control signal received through the communication unit 524;
A memory unit (526) for storing the measured height value and the length change value of the instrument; And
A display unit 527 for displaying the height value and the length change value through a liquid crystal screen;
The GPS antenna 400 calculates a signal delay value of a frequency signal transmitted from the GPS satellite by the following equation, ΔL = ∫ _L n (s) ds -G (where ΔL is the geometric linear path of the frequency signal). Mean difference from the actual path, n (s) represents the refractive function at position s along path L, and G represents a geometric straight path),
The signal delay value is transmitted to the error correction unit (523), the device for measuring the height of the instrument using a laser range finder capable of error correction. The method of claim 1,
The display unit 527 includes a low-end type liquid crystal display (STN-LCD), a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD), an UFB-LCD (Ultra Fine Brightness-LCD), a thin film diode liquid crystal display (TFD-LCD). Or an organic EL device for measuring the height of the instrument using a laser range finder capable of compensating error, characterized in that any one. The method of claim 1,
The interface unit 521 is a device for measuring the height of the instrument using a laser range finder capable of compensating for errors, characterized in that the USB port or a serial port.

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