KR20120119963A

KR20120119963A - Hologram including image pattern layer representing a plurality of images with various colors, and method for designing image pattern layer

Info

Publication number: KR20120119963A
Application number: KR1020110081090A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 강명석
Original assignee: (주)쓰리에스엠케이
Priority date: 2011-04-21
Filing date: 2011-08-16
Publication date: 2012-11-01

Abstract

Disclosed are a hologram and a design method thereof capable of representing a three-dimensional logo and an image by reproducing an actual color. The hologram according to the present invention includes an image pattern layer attached to the surface of the substrate and representing a plurality of images on the same plane, and a protective layer protecting the image pattern layer, wherein the image pattern layers are different images from each other. A plurality of grating pattern groups, wherein each of the plurality of grating pattern groups comprises: a plurality of diffraction gratings aligned in a specific orientation; And a plurality of unit grating cells, wherein the plurality of diffraction gratings are formed to be spaced apart from each other. Through this, it is possible to manufacture holograms that can express images in various colors and at the same time, using only patterns.

Description

HOLOGRAM INCLUDING IMAGE PATTERN LAYER REPRESENTING A PLURALITY OF IMAGES WITH VARIOUS COLORS, AND METHOD FOR DESIGNING IMAGE PATTERN LAYER}

The present invention relates to holograms for expressing various shapes such as letters and patterns used in logos and images.

Image film according to color change by printing, exterior decorative film using micro pattern, film using hologram and non-step difference using micro hologram, and transferring a single image of a plane that looks like 3D effect using micro hologram Using a film or a film coated with a logo or a pattern using a film is attached to a variety of products to obtain a holographic effect is used. This has a great influence on design differentiation and is used for high-end decoration or to emphasize the company logo.

Conventional technology, after printing on the silk surface by printing or color printing by a printing method, is adhered to the surface of a flat product and then plasticized or filmed by an IMD method and attached to the product in the form of a sticker, or manufactured by the above method. When the film is injected, it is put together and attached to the plastic surface by ILM method to attach and commercialize. In general, the IMD method is often used as a film, and the IMD method is often used by attaching to plastic.

The pattern is higher than this, and spin pattern and micro gradation pattern using micro pattern are manufactured to deposit metallic color material with color, or color is reproduced through additional printing, and it is commercialized using IMD or IMD method. . In addition, a simple rainbow-lighted, holographic-coated film using micro-holograms is processed and commercialized in both ways.

The conventional hologram method is a metal machined to form a hologram pattern and then deposit nickel. Hot stamping is a thermal transfer method using a commercially available holographic transfer paper, which is easily erased and peeled off by chemicals, and the temperature rises. According to the disadvantage that the hologram color changes.

Currently called micro optics, regular patterns are arranged on one side, and the optical lens is transferred on the other side, and regular patterns on the bottom are combined with the lens to change the focus of the image. It is activated. However, this results in a decrease in productivity because the pattern must be transferred on both sides, and is also made in a film form and exposed to the outside when attached to an exterior case of an IM injection, which is more disadvantageous than a three-dimensional design effect or security technology. For example, if the pattern is deformed, the text or image of the 3D effect can easily be broken, and another process to secure the disadvantage must be entered.

In addition, the security film, which is frequently used for stickers for authenticity such as genuine inks and genuine automobile parts due to the illegal piracy, uses micro-level low-level holograms with small-scale hologram stickers. It is a low quality replica hologram that functions as a label used for product security.

As another example, there are many clone cases using only simple hologram light in the commercially available cell phone cases. In the case of famous mobile phones in Korea, illegal copies such as low-grade bad cases are prevalent and the mobile phones themselves are similarly manufactured. The necessity of the activation technology as a factor is increasing. In particular, the activation tag of the domestic automobile industry is also illegally copied abroad and distributed in Korea.

An object of the present invention is to provide a hologram capable of reproducing a variety of colors while representing a plurality of images by reproducing a real color rather than a simple hologram in which rainbow light is combined by a contrast between a simple hologram and a background as in the related art. Conventionally, only the mixed form of the hologram color is used because of the low precision of the pattern. However, if a specific logo is made blue using only the shape of the pattern on the pattern film without printing, for example, color reproduction is not performed on the transparent case or the mobile phone case. can do. If it is produced in a larger area, it is possible to produce an image image using only a pattern.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a hologram capable of producing a three-dimensional effect even in a planar state by an image pattern layer capable of representing a plurality of images on the same plane. Stereoscopic design by merging 3D effects (eg, the company logo or the face of a person, such as a company logo or a person's face) in 3D by varying the cross-section of the image, and various color reproductions It can be used as a highly secure technology in which colors are reproduced.

The hologram according to the present invention includes an image pattern layer attached to the surface of the substrate and representing a plurality of images on the same plane, and a protective layer protecting the image pattern layer, wherein the image pattern layers are different images from each other. A plurality of grating pattern groups, wherein each of the plurality of grating pattern groups comprises: a plurality of diffraction gratings aligned in a specific orientation; And a plurality of unit grating cells, wherein the plurality of diffraction gratings are formed to be spaced apart from each other.

Here, the unit grating cell of the grating pattern group representing one image has a different alignment or alignment between the unit grating cell and the diffraction grating of the grating pattern group representing another image, or a slit between the diffraction gratings. The spacing may be formed differently.

In addition, the grating pattern group representing one image may include a plurality of unit grating cells having different slit intervals of the diffraction gratings.

Furthermore, the hologram according to the present invention may further include a reflective layer interposed between the substrate and the image pattern layer.

According to the present invention, there is provided a method of designing an image pattern layer of a hologram, comprising: dividing an area to represent an image into a plurality of unit areas, and forming a plurality of unit grating cells of each of a plurality of grating pattern groups representing different images. Allocating a position to a part of the plurality of unit regions, and placing the plurality of unit grating cells in the allocated unit region, wherein the plurality of diffraction gratings each unit grating cell is aligned in a specific orientation; And arranging the plurality of diffraction gratings to have slit portions formed to be spaced apart from each other.

Here, the unit grating cell of the grating pattern group representing one image has a different alignment or alignment between the unit grating cell and the diffraction grating of the grating pattern group representing another image, or a slit between the diffraction gratings. Holographic image pattern layer design method characterized in that the spacing is arranged differently.

The present invention forms a nanoscale grating pattern on a medium such as a single-sided film, but controls the interval and alignment of the slits of the unit grating cell, thereby expressing a variety of colors and simultaneously adjusting the angle of the emitted light to focus the image. Change the distance and direction to maximize the 3D effect.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing the layer configuration of the hologram according to the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross-sectional shape of a unit grating cell constituting a grating pattern group of an image pattern layer.
3A to 3D are schematic views illustrating the operating principle of the hologram according to the present invention.
4 is a view for explaining a method for designing an image pattern layer constituting a hologram according to the present invention, and shows a state in which the image pattern layer shows a three-dimensional "F" shape.
FIG. 5 shows separate images of the stereoscopic image of FIG. 4, wherein FIG. 5A shows a left image, FIG. 5B shows a center image, and FIG. 5C shows a right image.
FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which an image pattern layer is to be formed into unit regions, and a unit grating cell is assigned to each unit region, and FIG. 6B illustrates an arrangement state of unit grating cells formed in region A. FIG. The enlarged view is shown.
7 is a SEM photograph of an image pattern layer formed by transferring an image designed according to the method of designing an image pattern layer of a hologram according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention.

First, the hologram according to the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, may be composed of an image pattern layer attached to the surface of the substrate and representing at least two or more images and a protective layer for protecting the image pattern layer. Here, as the substrate to which the hologram according to the present invention is attached, various materials such as transparent or opaque synthetic resin materials and papers may be applied. When the transparent substrate is used, the image information contained in the hologram is observed by the observer through the transmitted light, and when the opaque substrate is used, the observer observes the light reflected by the substrate. When using an opaque substrate, a reflective layer (eg, a metal layer) may be formed between the substrate and the image pattern layer to increase the reflectance of light. Here, the image pattern layer includes a plurality of grating pattern groups each representing one image. Each of the grating pattern groups includes a plurality of diffraction gratings arranged in a specific orientation, and a plurality of unit grating cells including a slit portion formed by spaced apart from each other.

A configuration of an image pattern layer representing a plurality of images in a hologram according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 and 6B. The image pattern layer includes a plurality of grating pattern groups each of which constitutes a different image. Here, the grating pattern group includes a plurality of unit grating cells, and the unit grating cells gather to represent one image. For example, in FIG. 6B, the unit grating cells 11, 12, and 13 belong to the first grating pattern group, and the unit grating cells 21, 22, and 23 belong to the first grating pattern group, and the unit grating The cells 31, 32, and 33 belong to the third grating pattern group. As will be described in detail later, each of the unit grating cells belonging to the first, second, and third grating pattern groups is gathered to form three different images shown in FIG. 5. Here, the unit grating cell of the local grating pattern group representing one image may have a different alignment orientation between the unit grating cell and the diffraction gratings of the local grating pattern group representing another image, or different slit intervals between the diffraction gratings. do.

On the other hand, the unit grating cell, a plurality of diffraction gratings arranged in a specific orientation and the plurality of diffraction gratings formed from spaced apart from each other; is composed of. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of diffraction gratings formed on the reflective layer or the substrate and a slit portion formed by separating these diffraction gratings are formed.

In the hologram of the above-described configuration, the diffraction grating constituting the unit grating cell is formed in a nanoscale pattern having dimensions of tens to hundreds of nanometers as shown in FIG. By inputting the desired image information and color information into these patterns, the image is reproduced in various colors by controlling the image position, direction, and color of the image by using the principle that the light is decomposed when the light is emitted according to the slit interval. 3D image can be realized. Hereinafter, the operating principle of the hologram according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3A to 3C.

As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, incident light is injected with light mixed with all colors, and the light passing through the slit between the diffraction gratings is decomposed by the diffraction phenomenon of the light. And color dispersion depend on the wavelength and slit spacing of light of a specific color (diffraction angle).

; Chromaticity

). By using the diffraction phenomenon of light, by controlling the distance between the plurality of diffraction gratings of the unit grating cell, it is possible to adjust the image position and color of the image that the viewer can see.

Using this principle, if the diffraction angle of the light and the path of the emitted light are changed and the focal length is changed accordingly, three-dimensional impression of the image and various color reproduction are possible. In particular, by controlling the position where the light reaches, it is possible to obtain a variety of images to reach a variety of planes to obtain a three-dimensional shape of 3D, this shape contains the color information can also see the color change. As shown in Figure 3c, by controlling the diffraction angle of the light it is possible to adjust the image position to form the image differently, thereby obtaining a three-dimensional solid shape.

In addition, the plurality of diffraction gratings formed in the unit grating cells belonging to the group of grating patterns representing one image may be aligned in a specific orientation. According to the alignment orientation of the diffraction gratings, the direction in which the images are formed may be changed. For example, as shown in FIG. 3D, different images are formed at positions A, B, C, and D according to the alignment orientation of the diffraction gratings. . Where plane P is the hologram plane, plane VABCV 'is the observation plane, vector LO is the direction of incident light, vector OZ is the direction perpendicular to the hologram, vectors OX, OY are the axes of flat P, OY' is the vector in the observation plane The directions perpendicular to VV ', the vectors AO, BO, CO, and DO represent the viewing direction of the hologram, and the angle ZOL represents the incident angle, and the angles AOY', BOY ', COY', and DOY 'represent the viewing angles.

In this way, by changing the diffraction angle and the path of the emitted light, it is possible to reproduce a variety of colors with a three-dimensional image while changing the focal length. In particular, by controlling the position of the emitted light, a variety of images can be reached to various planes to obtain a three-dimensional solid shape. Furthermore, the three-dimensional shape contains various color information, so that color changes can be expressed. That is, when looking at the hologram according to the present invention at a specific position, it is possible to observe a three-dimensional image represented in various colors, and furthermore, when the viewer looks at the hologram according to the present invention by changing the position from side to side, it is represented as a hologram. The change in color with the three-dimensional image can also be observed.

The image pattern layer according to the present invention is designed such that a plurality of images are represented on the same plane. For example, a method of designing an image pattern layer of a hologram according to the present invention will be described with an example in which a hologram in which a letter “F” is formed three-dimensionally as shown in FIG. 4 is taken as an example. In this case, in order for the entire hologram to express the letter “F” in three dimensions, three images, that is, a left image of FIG. 5A, a center image of FIG. 5B, and a right image of FIG. 5C are required as shown in FIG. 5.

First, as shown in FIG. 6A, an area to express a plurality of images is divided into a plurality of unit areas. The area to express the 3D hologram image is subdivided into a plurality of unit areas. For convenience, the shape of the unit region is set to a rectangular shape. In fact, in order to increase the work efficiency in the process of transferring the entire pattern image, it is also possible to design such that the unit areas are separated by a predetermined distance.

Then, the formation positions of the plurality of unit grating cells of each of the plurality of grating pattern groups representing different images are assigned to some of the plurality of unit regions, respectively. That is, the plurality of unit grating cells constituting one local grating pattern group are arranged to express one specific image as a whole. Respectively. In addition, a plurality of unit grating cells constituting a local grating pattern group representing another image are also arranged to express the corresponding image as a whole, and each unit grating cell is disposed in a part of the plurality of unit areas in the region where the image is to be formed. Respectively.

For example, as shown in FIG. 6B, the unit grating cells of the first local grating pattern group constituting the left image (FIG. 5A), the unit grating cells of the second local grating pattern group constituting the central image (FIG. 5B), The unit grating cells of the third local grating pattern group constituting the right image (FIG. 5C) are respectively disposed in specific unit areas. Here, each of the unit grating cells is designed to have a plurality of diffraction gratings and slits aligned in a specific orientation. That is, the unit grating cells constituting the left image are aligned approximately in the left direction, the unit grating cells constituting the central image are aligned in the central direction, and the unit grating cells constituting the right image are aligned in the right direction.

In addition, each of the unit grating cells is designed at a specific slit interval to display a specific color. For example, the slit spacing is designed to be about 150 nm to represent the blue color, and the slit spacing is designed to be about 300 nm to represent the red color. In addition, even in unit grating cells (eg, 11, 12, 13) representing the same image, the color may be changed by changing the slit interval. Thus, for example, when the unit grating cells constituting the left image are designed to have green or red colors as shown in FIG. 6B, the observer can observe the color change in the same left image.

In this way, by adjusting the slit spacing or alignment orientation of the diffraction grating between the unit grating cells constituting different images, it is possible to change the image height, observation direction and color of the image.

FIG. 7 shows photographs measured by SEM of an image pattern designed and formed by the above-described method. As shown in FIG. 7, diffraction gratings having dimensions of tens to hundreds of nanometers are formed in the plurality of unit grating cells each having an alignment orientation, and a slit portion is formed between each diffraction grating. Here, unit grating cells representing various colors may be formed according to the slit spacing of the slit portion.

The image pattern layer constituting the hologram of the present invention can be embodied as an E-beam processing technology of lithography technology, which is a processing technology widely used in mold processing and semiconductor manufacturing processes. The image pattern layer of the present invention may be implemented by using a design technique for dividing and subdividing a plurality of grating pattern groups bringing the above effects into a unit grating cell.

The unit grating cell design is developed by applying a photosensitive agent to a silicon wafer or glass substrate used as a substrate and processing the image corresponding to the image pattern layer with an E-beam, and then developing the metal pole or directly using Ni. Mold using UV imprint or hot press. The mold is used to form an image pattern layer on the substrate by a hot press, an IMD (IMD), an IMT (IM mold injection), or the like.

In addition, by imprinting the image pattern layer produced according to the present invention into a stamper mold, by transferring the sample to the film of PC or PET using UV implant transfer and hot press transfer, ILM using the electroforming mold and UV pattern growth It can be used as a film used in the sheet manufacturing method and ILM sheet produced thereby. In addition, it is possible to produce a film used for expensive banknotes or security films that require security, and can be used as a sticky film.

The present invention is not an effect of using a simple image according to screen printing that can be easily copied and copied, and is not a film such as a hologram logo, a letter, or a pattern according to the contrast between the hologram and the missing part of the hologram, and the pattern is formed on both sides called micro optics. It is not a 3D effect in which the focus of the image is determined by mixing the patterns of the lower surface and the upper surface when transferred. The present invention is a nano-scale pattern on the medium of the film, such as the cross-section is controlled in a variety of colors only by controlling the spacing and shape of the slit of the unit cell, by adjusting the exit angle to move the focal length of the image to various places 3D It is used to maximize the effect.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore to be understood that the embodiments of the invention described herein are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, Should be interpreted as being included in.

Claims

An image pattern layer attached to the surface of the substrate and expressing a plurality of images on the same plane; And a protective layer protecting the image pattern layer.
The image pattern layer includes a plurality of grating pattern groups each constituting a different image,
Each of the plurality of grating pattern groups includes a plurality of diffraction gratings aligned in a specific orientation; And a slit portion formed by separating the plurality of diffraction gratings from each other.

The method of claim 1,
The unit grating cell of the grating pattern group representing one image may have a different alignment orientation of the unit grating cell and the diffraction gratings of the grating pattern group representing another image, or may have a slit gap between the diffraction gratings. Hologram, characterized in that formed differently.

The method of claim 1,
And the grating pattern group representing one image comprises a plurality of unit grating cells having different slit intervals of the diffraction gratings.

The method of claim 1,
And a reflective layer interposed between the substrate and the image pattern layer.

An image pattern layer attached to the surface of the substrate and expressing a plurality of images on the same plane; And a protective layer protecting the image pattern layer, wherein the image pattern layer design method of the hologram according to claim 1 is provided.
Dividing an area to represent an image into a plurality of unit areas;
Allocating positions of the plurality of unit grating cells of each of the plurality of grating pattern groups representing different images to a part of the plurality of unit regions;
A plurality of diffraction gratings, wherein the plurality of unit grating cells are disposed in an allocated unit region, each unit grating cell aligned in a specific orientation; And arranging the plurality of diffraction gratings to have slit portions formed to be spaced apart from each other.

The method of claim 5, wherein
The unit grating cell of the grating pattern group representing one image may have a different alignment orientation of the unit grating cell and the diffraction gratings of the grating pattern group representing another image, or may have a slit gap between the diffraction gratings. Holographic image pattern layer design method, characterized in that arranged differently.