KR20120105182A - Manufacturing method of organic compost - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A manufacturing method of organic material compost is provided to increase contents of organic material in organic waste and to enhance compost maturity. CONSTITUTION: A manufacturing method of organic compost comprises the following steps: removing and pulverizing organic waste; respectively controlling amount of contained water in livestock excretions and organic waste; creating a first mixture by mixing 70wt% of the organic waste with 30wt% of livestock excretion in a mixing reactor; creating a second mixture by mixing 10-20 quicklime based on 100 wt% of the first mixture; processing a first sterilization and solid material pulverization; creating a third mixture by mixing 30-50 wt% of slow-releasing by-product raw material based on 100wt% of the second mixture; processing the rotten fermentation; and drying the third mixture at a mixing field. [Reference numerals] (1) Organic waste; (2) Animal feces; (AA) Manufacturing process; (BB) Drying path; (CC) Control the water content as 50-60% in the drying path; (DD) Control the water content as 60-70% in the drying path; (EE) Injection; (FF) Mixing reactor; (GG) Injection; (HH) First mixture; (II) Quick lime; (JJ) Second mixture; (KK) Third mixture; (LL) Completed by-products; (MM) Oxygen supply; (NN) Leachat spray; (OO) Drying at an agitator; (PP) Packing

Description

Manufacturing method of organic compost {Manufacturing method of organic compost}

In the present invention, the organic and vegetable residues such as food waste and agricultural wastes, organic waste and livestock manure, etc. are added to the mixed fermentation tank, and the lime is added to the mixed first mixture to form a second mixture that is uniformly mixed. Mushroom Beige (sawdust and mushroom crumbs left in the mushroom cultivation pot) palm bak (remains such as coconut shells), sweet rice flakes (waste for making sweet feeds), sorghum (sugarcane flakes and sugar sludge for sugar production) Etc.) The tertiary mixture is prepared by adding the slow-by-product by-products and discharged to the agitation station after a certain period of fermentation process for drying for a period of time to increase organic matter content and increase maturity. It relates to a manufacturing method.

In general, organic compost using organic waste such as copper, vegetable residues or leather manure is produced by controlling the moisture of organic waste and then mixing it with quicklime to undergo oxidative reaction, and hydrolysis and heavy metal during oxidative process. It was made to dry through the chemical reaction of removal and deceleration of salt.

In other words, the reaction of organic waste and oxidizing reactant,

       ① Ca0 + H₂0 (water in the waste) → Ca (0H) ₂ + 15 Kcal / mo1

       ② Mgo + H₂0 (water in the waste) → Mgo (0H) ₂ + 15 Kcal / mo1

At this time, the water, calcium oxide, and magnesium oxide in the waste are exothermic to cause the organic waste, which is a mixture of animal and plant residues and livestock manure, to rise to an average temperature of 100 ° C in the fermenter to oxidize. At this time, the salt contained in the organic waste is mixed with an appropriate amount of quicklime to perform the following chemical reaction.

       ③ NaC1 + CaS0₄ → CaC1₂ + Na₂S0₄

It is well known that most of the reactions are eliminated by the above reaction scheme.

According to the reaction formula of ③ as described above to produce organic compost by uniformly mixing quicklime with organic waste, such as copper and vegetable residues, the conventional method for producing a functional compound fertilizer plant growth during the process of manufacturing the organic compost Excessive use of quicklime, which will partially dissipate the necessary three major elements, nitrogen (N), phosphoric acid (P), and girly (K), has caused the organic compost maturity to become insufficient due to the excessive amount of quicklime. The large amount of ammonia gas caused the leaves and stems to dry out, which caused damage to crop growth.

In other words, since compost or chemical fertilizer with low maturity was added to organic mixers with quicklime, a functional complex fertilizer was prepared within a short time. When the organic compost fertilizes, the maturity of the organic compost becomes low, and when the functional compound fertilizer is fertilized unnecessarily by the administration of excessive lime, a large amount of ammonia gas is generated due to a chemical reaction, resulting in a yellowing of the mouth and stems. The growth was damaged.

In particular, calcareous fertilizer has an excellent effect on soil improvement, but when nitrogen fertilizer (urea, yuan) is mixed in soil, ammonia ions are generated, and ammonium ions in the soil cause chemical reactions when they meet with calcareous fertilizer. From the bottom of the plant (crop) to the top, leaves and stems burn yellow and melt, causing great damage.

In addition, a method for manufacturing organic fertilizer by mixing organic waste such as food waste and quicklime is introduced in Korea Patent Publication (Dec. 27, 2007, Registration No. 10-0788243), but the above patent is the inventor of the present invention The organic fertilizer prepared by the method of the present invention and patent applicant Park Jong-cheol), Korean Patent No. 10-0788243 has an organic matter content of 25% or less compared to the process standard, and the maturity is also 70 or less, which is less than an organic compost. As it is not commercially available, the current production is discontinued.

Such conventional technology (Korean Patent Publication (Dec. 27, 2007), that is, organic fertilizer mixed with organic waste such as food waste and quicklime, the organic matter content is less than 25% compared to the process standard, the maturity is also 70 In order to solve these drawbacks, the organic waste composed of animal and plant residues and livestock manure were respectively regulated, and then the organic waste (1) and livestock were put into a mixed reaction tank. A mixture 3 (hereinafter abbreviated as " primary mixture ") obtained by uniformly mixing the manure 2 is formed, and an appropriate amount of quicklime 4 is added to the primary mixture 3, followed by uniform mixing. To form a secondary mixture (5), and then into the secondary mixture (5), a tertiary mixture (10) consisting of a processed mushroom beige, palm foil, sweet rice cake, and sugar lysate, which was then uniformly mixed ( 7) by working Period decomposed through a fermentation process to increase the content of organic matter has a dry sikimeuroseo at the same time an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing the organic compost nophin the compost FIG.

Therefore, the present invention was created to solve the above problems, and after adjusting the water content of the organic waste (1) and livestock manure (2) consisting of copper, vegetable residues, respectively, and put into the mixed reaction tank (M) To prepare a primary mixture (3), and to add the appropriate amount of quicklime (4) to the primary mixture (3) to form a secondary mixture (5) uniformly mixed, the secondary mixture (5) As the quicklime 4 is coated on the surface, the temperature of the secondary mixture 5 is increased to 100 ° C. to 120 ° C., followed by primary sterilization, sterilization, and decomposition stabilization of solid materials. Slowly adding by-product active material (6) to the secondary mixture (5) and uniformly mixed with the secondary mixture (5) to form a tertiary mixture (7) by drying through a period of maturity fermentation process, nitrogen, phosphoric acid, girly It is possible to increase the organic content of the back, and at the same time increase the maturity, Secondary sterilization, sterilization and decomposition and stabilization of solid materials are performed during the mixing of the mixture (7), and the leachate generated in the mixed reaction tank (M) is separated separately during the ripening of the tertiary mixture (7). By spraying twice or four times a day to the tertiary mixture (7) in the mixing reactor (M) without dumping, creating an environmentally friendly method for producing organic compost.

According to the present invention, a third mixture is prepared by administering an appropriate amount of slow-acting by-products to a second mixture that is uniformly mixed by administering an appropriate amount of quicklime to the first mixture, which is appropriately controlled by controlling the moisture content of organic waste and livestock manure. By replenishing organic matter (finished by-product raw material) through the composition stabilization process, the organic matter content is increased and at the same time, the tertiary mixture is subjected to a fermentation process for a period of time (10 to 15 days) in the mixing reactor to effectively ferment the fermentation. It is effective to increase the maturity, and also to separate the leachate of organic wastes generated in the mixed fermentation tank separately and sprayed to the tertiary mixture in the mixed fermentation tank 2 to 4 times a day without sedimentation and smooth fermentation fermentation. Since it will be an environmentally friendly organic compost has the effect to produce.

1 is a manufacturing process diagram

The present invention is subjected to a selective grinding process of removing and pulverizing foreign substances (eg, plastics, vinyl paper, metals, etc.) from organic wastes composed of copper and vegetable residues, respectively, into the drying furnace, and the water content of the organic wastes (1). To 50% to 60%, and livestock manure (2) to adjust the water content of 60% to 70%, to adjust the water content of the livestock manure to 60% to 70% the manure (2) In order to prevent the loss of volatile components in the fertilizer components of the first, 70% by weight of the organic waste (1) and livestock manure (2) 30% by weight into the mixing reactor (M), the first mixture is uniformly mixed (3) after the second mixture was uniformly mixed by slowly administering 10% to 20% by weight of quicklime (4) to 100% by weight to the primary mixture (3) in the mixing reactor (M) ( 5) by forming a quicklime (4) on the surface of the secondary mixture (5) 2 When the temperature of the mixture (5) is about 100 degrees C to 120 degrees C, the process is stabilized by the first sterilization, sterilization, and decomposition of the fixed substance. In this case, the secondary mixture (5) has an organic content compared to the process standard. Significantly lower than 25%, the maturity is also 70 or less, because the organic compost is less than the standard, there is no commerciality and can not be produced, sold, the present invention was created to solve this drawback, the secondary mixture In order to increase the organic matter content in (5) and at the same time increase the maturity, 30 wt% to 50 wt% of the slow-acting by-product material (6) was added to 100 wt% of the secondary mixture (5) treated with quicklime (4). M) by adding to the secondary mixture (5) to form a third mixture (7), which is an organic material uniformly mixed with the organic material, by supplementing the organic matter, part of the nitrogen, phosphoric acid, girly due to the quicklime (4) administration Prevent extinction, After going through a stabilization process to increase the content of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and girly, the proper amount of water supply and oxygen supply are continuously maintained in order to increase the maturity of the organic material of the tertiary mixture (7) in the mixing reactor (M). After the second sterilization, sterilization, ripening, and the like process, the tertiary mixture (7) is discharged to the stirring station (8) to dry the water content 40% to 50% of the organic compost of the present invention To manufacture.

Example
To illustrate an example of the present invention, the organic wastes (1) consisting of copper and vegetable residues are respectively introduced into a drying furnace through a process of selectively pulverizing, thereby adjusting the water content of the organic wastes (1) to 50% to 60%. The organic waste (1) 700kg and the livestock manure (2) to adjust the moisture content of 60% to 70% to prevent the lumps (for example, poultry mass, etc.) dry livestock manure (2) 300kg of the mixed reaction tank (M ), The primary mixture 3 is uniformly mixed, and then 100 kg to 200 kg of quicklime 4 is uniformly mixed in the mixing reactor M for about 1 hour to form a secondary mixture 5, The quicklime (4) is coated on the surface of the secondary mixture (5), wherein the secondary mixture (5) is about 15 minutes to 20 minutes while oxidizing the oxidative reaction, in the secondary mixture (5) First heat sterilization and sterilization while being heated to 100 degrees C to 120 degrees C The solid material in the organic waste is subjected to a stabilization process in which the solid material is decomposed by a thermal reaction. The amount of quicklime (4) administered in the primary mixture (3) is different depending on the season. The results of dozens of experiments showed that sterilization, sterilization and solid decomposition of secondary mixtures were easily carried out by administering quicklime of about 100kg in summer and 150kg in spring and autumn.
At this time, if the moisture content of the organic waste (1) is less than 50% and the moisture content of the livestock manure (2) is less than 60%, quicklime (4) is added to the primary mixture (organic waste + livestock manure) (3). When mixing, rapid high heat is generated and heat loss is increased, so that the effects of sterilization, sterilization and decomposition of solid materials are reduced. On the contrary, the water content of organic waste (1) is more than 60% and the water content of livestock manure (2). In the case of 70% or more, sudden high heat is not generated when the quicklime 4 is added to the primary mixture 3 and mixed, but the coating rate of the quicklime 4 on the surface of the secondary mixture 5 is lowered. The defect that the marketability is also lowered, and at this time, in the secondary mixture (5) when the oxidative reaction reaches 100 degrees C to 120 degrees C, a delay of 20 minutes or more, and the exothermic time is extended, but the secondary mixture ( 5) Because the temperature is generated below 100 ° C, sterilization, sterilization and decomposition of solid materials The long-term test result showed that it was degraded.
In addition, when the water content of the organic waste (1) is 50% or less, and the water content of the livestock waste (2) is 60% or less, the secondary mixture (5) is the organic waste (1) and in the mixed reaction tank (M) The livestock manure (2) and quicklime (4) are destroyed in an instantaneous high heat during the oxidative reaction (i.e. from the moment the primary mixture is first administered quicklime), which leads to the destruction of part of the organic matter and also low maturity. The organic matter content is 25% or less, and the maturity level is 70 or less than the compost and livestock compost standards, which is less than the standard. Therefore, in the present invention, in order to solve this drawback, in the mixing reaction tank (M) to 1000kg of the secondary mixture (5), 300kg to 500kg of the slow-acting by-product raw material (6) according to the use of organic compost (M) in the mixing reaction tank (M) The mixture is added and uniformly mixed to form an organic substance as a tertiary mixture (7), followed by a mixed stabilization process to increase the content of organic matter such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and galley, and then the fermentation fermentation process is continued for 10 to 15 days depending on the season. In this case, by continuously supplying oxygen to the blower to perform the fermentation fermentation efficiently, and separate the leachate of the organic waste (1) generated in the mixed reaction tank (M) separately without dumping the organic waste (1) Of leachate is again sprayed 2-4 times a day in the mixed reaction tank (M) to maintain the temperature of the fermentation fermentation at 50 ° C. to 90 ° C., followed by the second sterilization, sterilization, and lodging process, and the sufficiently mature phase By discharging the tertiary mixture 7 to the stirring station 8, the organic compost of the present invention is manufactured in an environmentally friendly manner through a process of drying the tertiary mixture 7 to 40% to 50% of moisture.

Claims (1)

A method for producing organic fertilizer comprising a screening process for removing and grinding foreign matters from organic wastes and coating quicklime on the surface of organic wastes by administering quicklime to organic wastes and drying the mixture of organic wastes and quicklime In the organic waste consisting of copper and vegetable residues, the water content of the organic waste, which has been subjected to the screening and crushing process of foreign substances by a known method, is 50% to 60%, and the water content of livestock manure is 60% to 70%, respectively. 70% by weight of the organic waste adjusted in the drying furnace and 30% by weight of livestock wastes were added to a mixing reactor to form a mixed primary mixture, and then 10% by weight to 20% by weight of quicklime based on 100% by weight of the primary mixture. After slowly administering to form a homogeneously mixed secondary mixture after about 20 minutes the temperature of the secondary mixture is 100 ° C ~ 120 ° C Stabilizing by primary sterilization, sterilization and decomposition of the solid material in the degree; In order to increase the organic matter content of the secondary mixture and at the same time increase the maturity, a tertiary mixture is formed by uniformly mixing 30 wt% to 50 wt% of the raw by-product by-product with respect to 100 wt% of the secondary mixture. Mixing and stabilizing and sterilizing, sterilizing, and supplementing the organic material to further supplement and at the same time increase the maturity; Method for producing an organic compost, characterized in that the tertiary mixture is discharged to the stirring station and dried

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