KR20120105096A - Cognitive abilities measurement apparatus and cognitive abilities measurement method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An apparatus and method for measuring cognitive abilities are provided to measure cognitive abilities depending on a cognitive load problem in a simply way by providing cognitive elements comprising cognitive abilities to computer program contents. CONSTITUTION: A database(10) comprises a cognitive problem storing part(10a) and a cognitive abilities measurement data storage part(10b). A cognitive problem providing part(12) provides cognitive problems including a cognitive load problem according to cognitive ability themes and a cognitive measurement problem to a test person. A reaction receiving part(14) receives a signal reacting to the cognitive problems from the test person. A cognitive ability measuring part(16) measures the cognitive ability of the test person based on the signal from the reaction receiving part. An output part(18) outputs cognitive ability data about the test person to a terminal device of the test person. [Reference numerals] (10a) Cognitive problem storing part; (10b) Cognitive ability measuring data storing part; (12) Cognitive problem providing part; (14) Reaction receiving part; (16) Cognitive ability measuring part; (18) Output part; (20) Control part; (AA) Cognitive problem assignment; (BB) Cognitive ability measuring assignment; (CC) Reaction of a person to be tested

Description

Cognitive abilities measurement apparatus and cognitive abilities measurement method

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for measuring cognitive abilities, and more particularly, to an apparatus and method for measuring cognitive ability according to a cognitive unit.

Cognitive load means that the information to be learned must be processed in working memory, and the information cannot be processed beyond the limit of working memory, and it becomes extinct or causes overload (Sweller, 1994).

There are many types of cognitive load, and in the specification of the present invention, the type of load used in the research by Richard (2010) was selected and applied. Richard (2010) divided cognitive load into six categories.

The first six types of cognitive loads are: Attentional demands, Response demands, Familiarity demands, Memory demands, Processing change demands, and processing difficulty demands. (Processing difficulty demands).

Attention claims are a mental process that requires attention. Focusing on two or more tasks rather than simply focusing on one task requires a higher level of attention.

Responsiveness is a mental process that requires an accurate response to a task. In this case, what requires a specific response to the task, on the contrary, does not require any response, shows the difference in response demand between the two.

Intimacy demands are mental processes that require adaptation to familiar and unfamiliar tasks. Familiar tasks will show quicker adaptation and higher task performance, while unfamiliar tasks may have slower adaptation, poorer task performance, or more error.

Memory demands require college memory for tasks, and the more difficult the task, the more memory is required.

The need to displace treatment is a mental process that requires the task to be carried out alternately of tasks of a completely different nature, rather than continuing with one task.

Difficulties in processing demand mental processes that are more difficult to handle at higher levels of tasks than at lower levels of tasks.

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-described conventional circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an apparatus and a method for measuring cognitive ability according to cognitive load by presenting cognitive elements constituting cognitive ability.

In order to achieve the above object, a cognitive ability measuring apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a cognitive task providing unit for providing a subject with a cognitive task including a cognitive burden task and cognitive measurement task for each cognitive ability measurement theme; A response receiver configured to receive a signal in response to a cognitive task from the test subject; And a cognitive ability measuring unit that measures an cognitive ability including an error rate, an accurate number of performances, and a reaction time for each subject's cognitive ability measurement theme based on a signal from the response receiver.

A cognitive ability measuring method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, comprising: providing a subject with a cognitive task including a cognitive burden task and a cognitive measurement task for each cognitive ability measurement theme; Receiving a signal in response to a cognitive task from a subject; And measuring cognitive abilities including an error rate, an accurate number of performances, and a reaction time for each cognitive ability measurement theme for the subject, based on the response signal.

Preferably, the cognitive ability measurement theme includes attention needs, and the cognitive task providing step includes a cognitive burden task for finding a specific alphabet within a set time and a cognitive task for finding a figure with a specific color in a set time. Provide measurement challenges.

Preferably, the cognitive ability measurement theme includes a memory requirement, and the cognitive task providing step includes a cognitive burden of storing, in a set time, a number before the first given number among sequential numbers given in the cognitive task for the memory request. Provides a cognitive measurement task that remembers the task and the sequence of numbers presented backwards.

Preferably, the cognitive ability measurement theme includes a process replacement request, and the cognitive task providing step provides a cognitive burden task and a cognitive task task that respond differently to the presented instructions when providing a cognitive task for the process replacement request. .

Preferably, the cognitive ability measurement theme includes a processing difficulty request, and the cognitive task providing step presents a cognitive burden task and a plurality of sentences that present a plurality of problems having different difficulty levels when providing a cognitive task for the processing difficulty request. It provides a cognitive measurement task to judge the similarity of meanings to each other.

According to the present invention of such a configuration, it is possible to provide the elements constituting the cognitive ability as computer program content to provide a cognitive load measurement according to the cognitive load task in a more easy and convenient way.

In particular, they can offer opportunities to combine these challenges with other computer programs.

1 is a block diagram of a cognitive ability measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a flowchart illustrating a cognitive ability measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 to 10 are screen examples employed in describing a cognitive ability measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, an apparatus and method for measuring cognitive ability according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to the detailed description of the present invention, terms and words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as limited to ordinary or dictionary terms. Therefore, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are merely the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all the technical ideas of the present invention. Therefore, It is to be understood that equivalents and modifications are possible.

1 is a block diagram of a cognitive ability measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The cognitive ability measuring apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, the database 10, the cognitive task providing unit 12, the response receiving unit 14, the cognitive ability measuring unit 16, the output unit 18, and the control unit 20 It includes.

The database 10 includes a cognitive task content storage unit 10a for storing cognitive task content including a cognitive burden task and a cognitive measurement task for each cognitive ability measurement theme, and a cognitive ability for storing data for measuring cognitive ability for each subject. The measurement data storage unit 10b is included. In the embodiment of the present invention, the cognitive ability measurement theme is a attention request, a memory request, a process change request, and a process difficulty request.

The cognitive task providing unit 12 provides the subject with a cognitive task including a cognitive burden task and a cognitive measurement task for each cognitive ability measurement theme.

For example, when the cognitive ability measurement theme is the attention request, the cognitive task providing unit 12 provides a cognitive burden task of finding a specific alphabet within a set time and a cognitive measurement task of finding a figure having a specific color within a set time. When the cognitive ability measurement theme is a memory request, the cognitive task providing unit 12 memorizes a cognitive burden task that stores a number before the first given number among sequentially given numbers and a series of presented numbers upside down. It provides a cognitive measurement task. When the cognitive ability measurement theme is a process replacement request, the cognitive task providing unit 12 provides a cognitive burden task and a cognitive measurement task that respond differently to the presented instructions when providing a cognitive task for the process replacement request. If the cognitive ability measurement theme is a processing difficulty request, the cognitive task providing unit 12 presents a cognitive burden task and a plurality of sentences that present a plurality of problems having different difficulty levels when providing a cognitive task for the processing difficulty request. It provides a cognitive measurement task to judge the similarity of meanings.

The response receiver 14 receives a signal in response to a cognitive problem from the test subject. Here, the test subject transmits a response signal for the cognitive task to the response receiving unit 14 through his terminal device (eg, a mobile terminal such as a laptop, a smartphone, or a set-top PC).

The cognitive ability measuring unit 16 measures the cognitive ability including the error rate, the correct number of executions, and the response time for each subject of the cognitive ability measurement theme based on the signal from the response receiving unit 14. The cognitive ability measuring unit 16 stores the cognitive ability data measured for the subject in the database 10.

The output unit 18 sends cognitive ability data about the subject measured by the cognitive ability measuring unit 16 to a terminal device such as a mobile terminal or a set-top PC of the test subject or outputs it through a monitor so that an administrator can check it. .

The controller 20 controls the operation of each unit to be performed smoothly.

Next, the operation of the cognitive ability measuring apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 2. First, the content for cognitive tasks stored in the database 10 will be described. When the cognitive ability theme is Attentional demand, the task content that requires focusing on a specific object corresponding to one or more conditions is stored in the database 10. For example, if the theme of cognitive measurement is ambient demand, refer to the literature related to the existing cognitive task and use a series of alphabets in a computer program to find the specific alphabet within a given time. Contents for the cognitive measurement task of presenting the formed triangular and square figures to find a figure having a specific color within a given time are stored in the database 10. If the theme of cognitive measurement is memory demand, it presents a task that requires a lot of storage space. If the theme of cognitive measurement is a memory requirement, the cognition is presented for a specific time (eg, 1 second) within a numerical range of approximately 1 to 4 using a series of numbers in a computer program referring to the literature related to existing cognitive tasks. Content for burden tasks, and content for cognitive measurement tasks that are presented for a specific time (eg, 1 second) within a numerical range of approximately 1-9, are stored in database 10. If the theme of cognitive measurement is Processing change demand, measure whether the process gives one different task and responds flexibly. If the theme of the cognitive ability measurement is a process change request, the contents for the cognitive burden task to be presented for a specific time (for example, 1 second) using a series of alphabets and numbers with a computer program referring to the literature related to the existing cognitive task. Content for the cognitive measurement task is stored in the database 10. If the theme of cognitive measurement is Processing difficulty demand, it is determined whether different aspects of the same task are handled according to the difficulty of the task. If the theme of cognitive ability measurement is the difficulty of processing, refer to the literature related to the existing cognitive task and use the computer program for the content of cognitive burden task consisting of two syllable nouns belonging to a specific language category and about 30 sentences including them. Content for the cognitive measurement task is stored in the database 10.

As described above, the content of the cognitive burden task and the content of the cognitive measurement task for each cognitive ability measurement theme are stored in the database 10.

That is, the cognitive task providing unit 12 transmits the cognitive burden task and the cognitive measurement task for each cognitive ability measurement theme to the test subject (S10). For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, a method of presenting a cognitive measurement task after presenting a cognitive burden task may be taken.

Accordingly, the test subject generates a response signal for the cognitive burden task and the cognitive measurement task for each cognitive ability measurement theme using his terminal device. The reaction receiving unit 14 receives the reaction signal (S12).

Thereafter, the cognitive ability measuring unit 16 measures the cognitive ability for the test subject based on the response signal from the reaction receiving unit 14 (S14).

For example, if the theme of cognitive measurement is Attentional demand, the cognitive burden task corresponding to the ambient demand is to find a specific alphabet (eg, "Z") among a series of alphabets as illustrated in FIG. It is a task to click. In this case, the presentation arrangement may be horizontal * vertical = 25 * 5. Here, the position of Z changes every time, and all the alphabets also change positions. The cognitive measurement task corresponding to the surrounding needs is a task of finding a blue triangle as illustrated in FIG. 4. In the embodiment of the present invention, the color is blue and red, and the shape is composed of triangles and squares to design elements of 2 * 2. For about two minutes, instruct them to find the specific blue and triangular object as quickly and accurately as possible and click with the mouse. As the trial increases, the number of disturbance stimuli increases. Red, triangular and square, and blue and square disturbing stimuli are quickly removed from attention. The cognitive ability measuring unit 16 measures an error rate, an accurate number of executions, a reaction time, and a performance rate of the cognitive burden task and the cognitive measurement task when the cognitive ability measurement theme is Attentional demand.

On the other hand, if the cognitive ability measurement theme is a memory demand, the cognitive burden task corresponding to the memory demand is a task of storing a number before the second, as illustrated in FIG. The first and second stimuli show only about 1 second and do not respond because there is no previous stimulus. From the third stimulus, it responds because there is a second previous number. In other words, the third stimulus asks whether it is the same as the previous second stimulus or not. Use only numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4, ranging from 1 to 4. And, the cognitive measurement task corresponding to the memory request is to memorize when a series of numbers are presented and to memorize it in reverse. In other words, the numbers are stored upside down as illustrated in FIG. 6. The first time you see a cross on the screen, you'll see a number. Each number appears on the screen for about 1 second, then disappears, and when three shops (#) appear, it means you have to enter the number you just saw backwards. For example, if the numbers are presented in order of 5 and 1, the test subject should enter 1, 5 in that order. The numbers range from 1 to 9 and the numbers range from 2 to 9, each time presented twice. If you have done the right thing at least once, you have the memory, but if you fail both times, the memory becomes the previous range. For example, it is wrong twice in the 3 range. Even if the four ranges are correct, the person's memory range is two ranges before the three ranges. The cognitive ability measuring unit 16 measures an error rate, an accurate number of executions, a reaction time, and a performance rate of the cognitive burden task and the cognitive measurement task when the cognitive ability measurement theme is a memory demand.

On the other hand, if the theme of cognitive measurement measures is a processing change demand, the cognitive burden task corresponding to that processing change demand is to respond differently to the presented alphabetical directive. For example, if you see the phrase “A: the size of a number,” press “up” if the number after it is greater than 5, or “down” if it is smaller. Another example is "777777", where you don't see the whole "777777" number, but if you only see "7", you press "up" because it is larger than "5." On the contrary, if "2222222" comes out, it is judged as '2' only and press 'down' because it is smaller than 5. Another example is B as illustrated in FIG. 7; When the number of numbers ”is displayed, press 'up' if the number of numbers is greater than 5, and press 'down' if the number is smaller than 5. For example, when "222222" appears, press up because the number of two is six. Therefore, the number presented should not be "5", and the number should be less than five or more than five. The cognitive measurement task corresponding to the process replacement request consists of two colors, for example, red and blue, and an arrow shape of up, down, left, and right, resulting in a 2 * 4 element design. As illustrated in FIG. 8, for two minutes, the direction key is pressed in the opposite direction of the arrow shape if it is blue, and the direction key is pressed in the direction corresponding to the direction being shown if the color is red. The error rate, the exact number of runs, and the reaction time were measured. The cognitive ability measuring unit 16 measures an error rate, an accurate number of executions, a reaction time, and a performance rate of the cognitive burden task and the cognitive measurement task when the cognitive ability measurement theme is Processing change demand.

Finally, if the theme of cognitive gauging is Processing difficulty demand, the difficulty level is to determine whether different aspects of the same problem are handled depending on the difficulty of the problem. A cognitive burden task was constructed to divide the problem into low difficulty levels and to perform problems (also called tasks). The problem of difficulty here is to classify, and if the two-syllable nouns included in the 4x4 table are included in a certain category, they are counted. For example, if a given category name is "emotion," you can count the number of target words, such as "displeased," in that category and enter it at the bottom of the screen. The target word appears between 3 and 5, and the distractor is adjusted to 11 to 13 according to the number of target words. The position of the target word and the disturbing word in the table changes wirelessly (see FIG. 9). The low difficulty task is called 'super search', and the same experimental procedure as the high difficulty cognitive burden task is applied. That is, the number of words having the same initiality among the 16 words should be counted. For example, if a given star is a "kook," you can find words like "scoop" that starts with the same star. According to the Dual Route Cascade (DRC) model, high-level tasks pass through the semantic system, requiring more processing than low-level tasks via the phoneme and phoneme rule systems. Shall be. Then, to measure the performance of the two groups, as shown in FIG. 10, two sentences with similar meanings are presented, and a cognitive measurement for judging whether the sentence below has the same meaning as the above sentence or includes the meaning. Run another task. The test subject can see up to about 30 sentence pairs in about 5 minutes. The cognitive ability measuring unit 16 measures an error rate, an accurate number of executions, a reaction time, and a performance rate of the cognitive burden task and the cognitive measurement task when the cognitive ability measurement theme is Processing change demand.

As such, when the cognitive ability measurement in the cognitive ability measuring unit 16 is completed, the cognitive ability measuring unit 16 stores the measured cognitive ability data in the database 10 (S16). Here, the measured cognitive ability data is referred to as cognitive ability measurement data.

Then, the cognitive ability measuring unit 16 sends the cognitive ability measurement data to the output unit 18. Accordingly, the output unit 18 sends the cognitive ability measurement data of the subject measured by the cognitive ability measuring unit 16 to a terminal device such as a mobile terminal or a set-top PC of the test subject or monitors the monitor so that the administrator can check it. Output through (S18)

The present invention can also be embodied as computer-readable codes on a computer-readable recording medium. A computer-readable recording medium includes all kinds of recording apparatuses in which data that can be read by a computer system is stored. Examples of computer-readable recording media include ROM, RAM, CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, optical data storage, and the like, which are also implemented in the form of a carrier wave (for example, transmission over the Internet). It also includes. The computer readable recording medium may also be distributed over a networked computer system so that computer readable code can be stored and executed in a distributed manner.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. You must see.

10: database 12: cognitive task provider
14: response receiver 16: cognitive measuring unit
18: output unit 20: control unit

Claims (6)

Providing a subject with a cognitive task including a cognitive burden task and a cognitive measurement task for each cognitive ability measurement theme;
Receiving a signal in response to the cognitive task from the test subject;
And measuring cognitive abilities including an error rate, an accurate number of performances, and a reaction time for each cognitive ability measuring theme for the test subject, based on the response signal. The method according to claim 1,
The cognitive measurement theme includes attention needs,
In the cognitive task providing step, the cognitive task measurement for providing a cognitive task for the attention request, provides a cognitive burden task to find a specific alphabet within a set time and a cognitive measurement task to find a figure having a specific color within a set time. Way. The method according to claim 1,
The cognitive measurement theme includes a memory requirement,
The cognitive task providing step includes a cognitive burden task for storing a number before a given number within a predetermined number of sequential numbers among sequential numbers given in a sequential task and a cognition for storing a series of numbers presented backwards. A cognitive ability measuring method characterized by providing a measurement task. The method according to claim 1,
The cognitive measurement theme includes a process replacement request,
The cognitive task providing step is to provide a cognitive burden task and a cognitive measurement task to respond differently to the presented instructions when providing a cognitive task for the process replacement request. The method according to claim 1,
The cognitive measurement theme includes a processing difficulty requirement,
The cognitive task providing step may include a cognitive burden task for presenting a plurality of problems with different difficulty levels and a cognitive measurement task for presenting a plurality of sentences to determine similarity between meanings. Cognitive ability measurement method characterized in that provided. A cognitive task providing unit which provides a subject with a cognitive task including a cognitive burden task and a cognitive measurement task for each cognitive ability measurement theme;
A response receiver configured to receive a signal in response to the cognitive task from the test subject; And
A cognitive ability measuring unit for measuring the cognitive ability including an error rate and an accurate number of performances and a reaction time for each subject of the cognitive ability measurement theme based on the signal from the response receiving unit; Measuring device.

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