KR20120080294A

KR20120080294A - Hybrid bearing

Info

Publication number: KR20120080294A
Application number: KR1020110001656A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 이경순
Original assignee: 주식회사 케이투이엔지
Priority date: 2011-01-07
Filing date: 2011-01-07
Publication date: 2012-07-17

Abstract

Hybrid bearing of the present invention, when the rotating shaft coupled to the blade is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft, the radial bearing for supporting a radial load acting in the radial direction of the rotating shaft; A thrust bearing supporting a thrust load acting in the axial direction of the rotating shaft; And at least one of the radial bearing and the thrust bearing supports the radial load or the thrust load by the repulsive force of the permanent magnet.

Description

Hybrid Bearings {HYBRID BEARING}

The present invention relates to a hybrid bearing that simultaneously supports the thrust load and the radial load of a wind generator.

Recently, research on solar power or wind power has been actively conducted as a solution to energy problems. The wind generator may be divided into a horizontal axis wind power generator in which the rotation axis of the fan is disposed in parallel with the wind flow direction, and a vertical axis wind power generator in which the rotation axis of the fan is disposed perpendicular to the wind flow direction.

In the case of a horizontal wind generator, the rotational trajectory of the fan connected to the generator is large, thereby increasing the space occupied by the wind generator. However, in the case of a vertical wind generator, the rotational direction of the fan is supported because the direction of extension of the support column and the direction of rotation of the fan coincide with each other. Since it is formed in the circumferential direction of the pillar, there is an advantage that can be installed even in a narrow installation space, such as the city center.

In such a vertical axis wind generator, a thrust load, which is an axial load acting in the direction of extension of the rotation axis of the fan, and a radial load acting in the radial direction of the rotation axis of the fan, acts as the present invention. It is to provide a hybrid bearing that supports the load and the radial load at the same time, but does not act as a rotating load on the rotating shaft of the fan, so that it can rotate even in the breeze and improve the power generation efficiency of the wind power generator by improving the lubricity.

In one embodiment, the hybrid bearing of the present invention, when the rotating shaft coupled to the blade is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft, the radial bearing for supporting a radial load acting in the radial direction of the rotating shaft; A thrust bearing supporting a thrust load acting in the axial direction of the rotating shaft; And at least one of the radial bearing and the thrust bearing supports the radial load or the thrust load by the repulsive force of the permanent magnet.

In one embodiment, the hybrid bearing of the present invention, an active radial bearing for supporting a radial load acting in the radial direction of the rotary shaft when the rotary shaft coupled to the blade is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft; An active thrust bearing supporting a thrust load acting in the axial direction of the rotating shaft; Includes, the active radial bearing and the active thrust bearing to support the radial load or the thrust load by the repulsive force of the permanent magnet, the active radial bearing and the active thrust bearing fluctuation of the radial load and the thrust load Detects and actively adjusts the magnitude of magnetic force accordingly.

As an embodiment, the hybrid bearing of the present invention includes a first bearing installed on the rotating shaft and a second bearing coupled to the fixed shaft when the rotating shaft coupled to the blade is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft. The first bearing and the second bearing are made of a permanent magnet, are inclined at an angle with respect to the rotating shaft or the fixed shaft, and have a radial load acting in the radial direction of the rotating shaft and a thrust acting in the axial direction of the rotating shaft. Support the load at the same time.

In one embodiment, the hybrid bearing of the present invention, when the rotating shaft coupled to the blade is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft, the radial bearing for supporting a radial load acting in the radial direction of the rotating shaft; A thrust bearing supporting a thrust load acting in the axial direction of the rotating shaft; The radial bearing includes the radial load supporting the radial load by the repulsive force of the permanent magnet, and the thrust bearing supports the thrust load by the pressure of a fluid or a thrust rolling bearing supporting the thrust load by rolling contact. Thrust fluid bearings.

According to the invention, the thrust load acting in the axial direction of the support pillar, the radial load acting in the radial direction of the support pillar, and the circumferential rotational load acting in the circumferential direction of the support pillar during the rotation of the blades are significantly reduced. Therefore, the blade can rotate even in the weak breeze, the blade rotates smoothly even in small size, guarantees long time use reliability, can reduce the space occupied by the blade, does not need load bearing reinforcement structure for the support column, wear resistance This is virtually increased to infinity.

1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a wind generator employing a hybrid bearing of the present invention.
2 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a hybrid bearing of the present invention.
3 is a side cross-sectional view of FIG. 2.
4 is a side sectional view showing a second embodiment of the hybrid bearing of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a side sectional view showing a third embodiment of the hybrid bearing of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a side sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the hybrid bearing of the present invention.
7 is a side sectional view showing a fifth embodiment of the hybrid bearing of the present invention.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The sizes and shapes of the components shown in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity and convenience. In addition, terms defined in consideration of the configuration and operation of the present invention may be changed according to the intention or custom of the user, the operator. Definitions of these terms should be based on the content of this specification.

1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a wind generator employing a hybrid bearing of the present invention. The wind generator illustrated in FIG. 1 is a vertical axis wind generator 100 in which the rotating shaft 130 of the blade 110 rotating under the wind is disposed coaxially with the support pillar 102, for example, a street lamp installed in a city center. Type wind generator.

If the rotating shaft 130 of the blade 110 is installed in the same direction or coaxial with the support pillar 102, the rotational trajectory of the blade 110 is placed in the circumferential direction of the support pillar 102, so that the wind generator is placed in a narrow space. There is an advantage that can be installed, there is no fear of obstacles in the rotating blade 110, and the risk of interference of the rotating blade 110 and the surrounding obstacles is lowered. Therefore, the wind generator can be compactly installed in a narrow space such as a street lamp in the city center.

In the illustrated example, a lamp 101 is provided to illuminate a road or sidewalk, and the power of the lamp 101 may be produced by the vertical axis wind power generator 100 so as to implement a smart grid type street light system.

The rotating shaft 130 of the blade 110 is disposed coaxially with the support pillar 102 and the rotating blade 110 is connected to the power generation unit 140 to produce power. Although the detailed structure of the power generation unit 140 is not shown, the power generation unit 140 produces induced power by electromagnetic force generated when the magnet and the coil rotate relative to each other.

When the blade 110 rotates, a thrust load acting in the axial direction of the support pillar 102 and a radial load acting in the radial direction of the support pillar 102 are generated. For example, the magnetic weight of the blade 110 acts as a thrust load in the coaxial direction with the rotating shaft 130 and the support pillar 102 of the blade 110, and the radial vibration caused by the rotation of the blade 110 is a radial load. And a rotational load that impedes smooth rotation of the blade 110 acts as a circumferential rotational load along the circumferential direction of the support column 102.

In order to increase power generation efficiency in a place where the wind is weak, such as downtown, the blade 110 needs to be able to rotate even with a slight wind, so the thrust load, the radial load, and the circumferential rotational load must be minimized. Therefore, the lubrication performance of the bearing rotatably fixing the rotating shaft 130 of the blade 110 to the support pillar 102 is a very important variable.

If the blade 110 is supported only by a general ball bearing or a sliding bearing, since the free rotation of the blade 110 is hindered by a thrust load, a radial load, and a rotational load, the blade 110 rotates only when a wind of a certain intensity is blown. . In this case, power generation efficiency is difficult to improve.

On the other hand, when only an air bearing or a fluid bearing supporting a load by forming an air layer or a fluid layer between bearing journals facing each other, the bearing journal has better lubricity than a ball bearing having a rolling contact surface or a sliding bearing having a sliding contact surface. Since frictional loads act on the air or fluid layers in between, it is necessary to develop bearings with better lubricity.

In view of all these points, the present invention provides a thrust load acting in the axial direction of the support pillar 102 when the blade 110 rotates, a radial load acting in the radial direction of the support pillar 102, and the support pillar 102. It is to provide a hybrid bearing that significantly reduces the circumferential rotational load acting in the circumferential direction. Therefore, the blade 110 can rotate even in the weak breeze, the blade 110 is smoothly rotated even if small, long-term use reliability is guaranteed, the space occupied by the blade 110 can be reduced, and the support pillar 102 There is no need for load bearing reinforcement structures, and a hybrid bearing with increased wear resistance is virtually infinite.

2 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a hybrid bearing of the present invention. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of FIG. 2. 1 to 3 together, the hybrid bearing of the present invention employs a magnet bearing that does not form a friction surface or contact surface to support thrust load, radial load, and circumferential rotational load.

According to a first embodiment of a hybrid bearing, a thrust bearing 300 for supporting a thrust load and a radial bearing 200 for supporting a radial load are included, and the thrust bearing 300 and the radial bearing 200 include a permanent magnet. It is characterized by the magnet bearing used. Therefore, the thrust load or the radial load is supported while maintaining a constant gap by magnetic force without forming a friction surface or a contact surface.

The fixed shaft 120 is connected to the support pillar 102 to rotatably support the blade 110, the rotating shaft 130 is connected to the blade 110 is rotated with it.

The radial bearing 200 has an inner journal 210 coupled to the rotary shaft 130 and an outer journal coupled to the fixed shaft 120 connected to the support pillar 102 or to the case 190 of the fixed shaft 120. 220. The inner journal 210 and the outer journal 220 face each other along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 130 and support the radial load of the rotating shaft 130, limit the radial play of the rotating shaft 130, and the blade ( Absorption of the radial vibration generated when the 110 is rotated.

The inner journal 210 and the outer journal 220 are made of permanent magnets. The inner journal 210 and the outer journal 220 are magnetized to different poles with respect to the polarization line 180 along the radial direction and to the same pole along the circumferential direction. The inner journal 210 and the outer journal 220 face each other at the same pole and exert a magnetic force to push each other to support the radial load.

The thrust bearing 300 has an upper journal 310 coupled to the rotating shaft 130 and a lower journal coupled to the fixed shaft 120 connected to the support pillar 102 or to the case 190 of the fixed shaft 120. 320. The upper journal 310 and the lower journal 320 face each other along the axial direction of the rotation shaft 130 to support the axial thrust load of the rotation shaft 130 and to support the weight of the blade 110.

The upper journal 310 and the lower journal 320 are made of permanent magnets, magnetized to different poles based on the polarization line 180 along the axial direction, and magnetized to the same pole along the circumferential direction. The upper journal 310 and the lower journal 320 face the same pole with each other according to the rotation of the rotary shaft 130, and acts a magnetic force pushing each other in the axial direction to support the thrust load.

The rotary shaft 130 is connected to the power generation unit 140, and transmits the rotational force of the blade 110 to the power generation unit 140 to produce induction power. Since the inclination may occur in the longitudinal direction when the rotation shaft 130 is long, a pair of radial bearings 200 may be installed to be spaced apart from each other along the axis direction of the rotation shaft 130. According to the illustrated embodiment, the radial bearing 200 is installed on one side of the rotating shaft 130, and the auxiliary bearing 400 is mounted on the other side of the rotating shaft 130 to support the inclination of the rotating shaft 130.

The auxiliary bearing 400 may be any one of a rolling bearing, a sliding bearing, an air bearing, a fluid bearing, and a magnet bearing having the same structure as the radial bearing 200.

4 is a side sectional view showing a second embodiment of the hybrid bearing of the present invention. In the second embodiment, an active magnet bearing in which the magnetic force of the bearing is automatically adjusted according to the load distribution or the gap size is used as the thrust bearing 300 or the radial bearing 200.

According to this, the active radial bearing 200 supporting the radial load and the active thrust bearing 300 supporting the thrust load are provided. The active radial bearing 200 and the active thrust bearing 300 detect the variation of the radial load and the thrust load with a sensor and actively adjust the magnitude of the magnetic force accordingly, and the fixed shaft 120 with respect to the variation of the load The rotating shaft 130 can be rotated at all times while maintaining a constant gap.

The active radial bearing 200 includes a radial sensor 232 for measuring a load state in the radial direction or a gap size between the fixed shaft 120 and the rotating shaft 130. For example, the radial sensor 232 is a capacitance sensor, and measures the gap size between the fixed shaft 120 and the rotating shaft 130 that vary according to the radial load distribution as a difference in capacitance. In addition, a laser sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an optical sensor, or the like that measures a distance in a non-contact manner may be employed.

The rotating shaft 130 is equipped with a magnet journal 236 made of a permanent magnet, and the coil journal 234 made of a coil is mounted in the fixed shaft 120 or the case 190 connected to the fixed shaft 120. The magnetic force of 234 is controlled according to the magnitude of the power applied by the radial controller 238. The radial controller 238 actively controls the gap size between the fixed shaft 120 and the rotating shaft 130 by controlling the size of the power applied to the coil journal 234 according to the input value of the radial sensor 232.

The active thrust bearing 300 has a thrust sensor 332 which measures the axial gap size between the fixed shaft 120 and the rotation shaft 130. For example, the thrust bearing 300 may employ the same electrostatic sensor as the radial sensor 232.

The active thrust bearing 300 is mounted on the rotating shaft 130 and is mounted on the rotating shaft journal 336 made of a permanent magnet, and the fixed shaft 120 or the case 190 connected to the fixed shaft 120 and made of a coil. Journal 334.

The repulsive force acting between the rotating shaft journal 336 and the fixed shaft journal 334 is adjusted according to the size of the power applied to the fixed shaft journal 334, the power applied to the fixed shaft journal 334 is the thrust sensor 332 The thrust control unit 338 is actively adjusted according to the input value.

Fig. 5 is a side sectional view showing a third embodiment of the hybrid bearing of the present invention. According to the third embodiment, the first bearing 510 is installed on the rotary shaft 130 and the second bearing 520 is installed on the fixed shaft 120 or the case 190 connected to the fixed shaft 120. Install the inclined surface magnetic bearing 500.

The first bearing 510 and the second bearing 520 are made of a permanent magnet, and are inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the rotating shaft 130 or the fixed shaft 120 to simultaneously support the thrust load and the radial load.

The angle of inclination is adjusted according to the relative magnitude of the thrust load and the radial load. When the magnitude of the magnetic force acting in the direction perpendicular to the first bearing 510 and the second bearing 520 is F, the component force of the magnetic force acting in the radial direction is Fr, and the component force of the magnetic force acting in the thrust direction is Fn.

For example, when the blade 110 has a large magnetic weight, the thrust load is greater than the radial load, so that Fn must be larger than Fr so that a constant gap in the radial direction and the thrust direction is maintained even when the magnetic force F is minimally magnetized. Can be. That is, when the thrust load is larger than the radial load, the inclination angle capable of minimizing magnetization of the magnetic force F has a value of 45 ° to 90 °.

On the other hand, when the radial load is greater than the thrust load, the inclination angle capable of magnetizing the magnetic force F to a minimum has a value of 0 ° to 45 °.

Fig. 6 is a side sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the hybrid bearing of the present invention. Accordingly, in the radial direction, a radial bearing 200 including an inner journal 210 and an outer journal 220 made of a permanent magnet is installed to support the radial load. The thrust rolling bearing 600 is installed in the thrust direction to support a large load. The thrust rolling bearing 600 is lower than the magnetic bearing in lubricating performance but supports the thrust load with high reliability when the thrust load is very large or the variation thereof is large.

The thrust rolling bearing 600 includes two journals 610 and 620 facing in the thrust direction and a ball and a roller disposed between the two journals 610 and 620.

7 is a side sectional view showing a fifth embodiment of the hybrid bearing of the present invention. According to this, instead of the thrust rolling bearing 600 of FIG. 6, a high lubricity thrust fluid bearing 700 is installed to support the thrust load.

The thrust fluid bearing 700 has two journals 710, 720 facing each other in the axial direction, has a working fluid 740 interposed between the two journals 710, 720, and seals the working fluid 740. For sealing member 730. The working fluid 740 maintains a gap between the two rotating journals 710, 720 and supports thrust loads while being compressed in an enclosed space partitioned by the two journals 710, 720 and the sealing member 730.

While the invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Accordingly, the true scope of the present invention should be determined by the following claims.

100 ... vertical axis wind generator 101 ... lamp
102 ... support pillar 110 ... blade
120 ... fixed shaft 130 ... rotary shaft
140 ... generation unit 180 ... polarization line
190 ... case 200 ... radial bearing
210 ... internal journal 220 ... external journal
232 Radial sensor 234 Coil journal
236 Magnet journal 238 Radial control
Thrust bearing 310 ... Top journal
320 ... Lower Journal 332 ... Thrust Sensor
334 ... Fixed-Axis Journal 336 ... Rotary-Axis Journal
338 thrust control unit 400 auxiliary bearing
500 ... inclined magnetic bearing 510 ... first bearing
520 ... second bearing 600 ... thrust rolling bearing
700 ... Thrust Fluid Bearings 730 ... Seal Members
740 ... working fluid

Claims

A radial bearing supporting a radial load acting in a radial direction of the rotation shaft when the rotation shaft coupled to the blade is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft;
A thrust bearing supporting a thrust load acting in the axial direction of the rotating shaft; Including,
At least one of the radial bearing and the thrust bearing supports the radial load or the thrust load by the repulsive force of the permanent magnet.

The method of claim 1,
And at least one of the radial bearing and the thrust bearing supports the radial load or the thrust load while maintaining a constant gap by magnetic force without forming a friction surface or a contact surface.

The method of claim 1,
The radial bearing includes an inner journal coupled to the rotating shaft and an outer journal coupled to a fixed shaft connected to the support column,
The inner journal and the outer journal face each other along the radial direction of the axis of rotation, magnetized to different poles with respect to the polarization line, magnetized to the same pole along the circumferential direction of the axis of rotation, and acting magnetic force to push each other Hybrid bearing for supporting the radial load.

The method of claim 1,
The thrust bearing includes an upper journal coupled to the rotating shaft, and a lower journal coupled to a fixed shaft connected to the support column.
The upper journal and the lower journal face each other along the axial direction of the rotation axis, magnetized to different poles based on the polarization line along the axial direction, and magnetized to the same pole along the circumferential direction of the rotation axis, A hybrid bearing supporting the thrust load by applying magnetic force pushing each other in the axial direction.

The method of claim 1,
The radial bearing is installed on one side in the axial direction of the rotary shaft, and the auxiliary bearing is installed on the other side in the axial direction of the rotary shaft.

An active radial bearing for supporting a radial load acting in a radial direction of the rotating shaft when the rotating shaft coupled to the blade is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft;
An active thrust bearing supporting a thrust load acting in the axial direction of the rotating shaft; Including,
The active radial bearing and the active thrust bearing support the radial load or the thrust load by the repulsive force of the permanent magnet,
The active radial bearing and the active thrust bearing detect a change in the radial load and the thrust load and thereby dynamically adjust the magnitude of the magnetic force.

The method of claim 6,
The active radial bearing includes a radial sensor for measuring the radial load or the gap size of the rotating shaft, a magnet journal coupled to the rotating shaft and a permanent magnet, a coil journal coupled to the fixed shaft and a coil, and the radial And a radial controller for actively controlling a gap size between the fixed shaft and the rotating shaft by controlling the size of power applied to the coil journal according to an input value of a sensor.
The active thrust bearing includes a thrust sensor for measuring an axial gap size between the fixed shaft and the rotary shaft, a rotary shaft journal mounted to the rotary shaft and a permanent magnet, a fixed shaft journal coupled to the fixed shaft and a coil; And a thrust controller configured to adjust a magnitude of power applied to the fixed shaft journal according to an input value of the thrust sensor.

When the rotating shaft coupled to the blade is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft, comprising a first bearing installed on the rotating shaft and a second bearing coupled to the fixed shaft,
The first bearing and the second bearing are made of a permanent magnet, are inclined at an angle with respect to the rotating shaft or the fixed shaft, and act in a radial load acting in a radial direction of the rotating shaft and in an axial direction of the rotating shaft. Hybrid bearings simultaneously support thrust loads.

The method of claim 8,
The inclination angles of the first bearing and the second bearing with respect to the rotating shaft or the fixed shaft are adjusted according to the relative magnitude of the radial load and the thrust load,
And a tilt angle of 45 ° to 90 ° that allows the magnet to be magnetized to a minimum amount of magnetic force acting in a direction perpendicular to the first bearing and the second bearing when the thrust load is greater than the radial load.

A radial bearing supporting a radial load acting in a radial direction of the rotation shaft when the rotation shaft coupled to the blade is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft;
A thrust bearing supporting a thrust load acting in the axial direction of the rotating shaft; Including,
The radial bearing supports the radial load by the repulsive force of the permanent magnet,
The thrust bearing includes a thrust rolling bearing for supporting the thrust load by rolling contact or a thrust fluid bearing for supporting the thrust load by pressure of a fluid.