KR20120063210A - Tunnel constructing method using double excavation method - Google Patents

Tunnel constructing method using double excavation method Download PDF

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KR20120063210A
KR20120063210A KR1020100124289A KR20100124289A KR20120063210A KR 20120063210 A KR20120063210 A KR 20120063210A KR 1020100124289 A KR1020100124289 A KR 1020100124289A KR 20100124289 A KR20100124289 A KR 20100124289A KR 20120063210 A KR20120063210 A KR 20120063210A
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tunnel
excavation
lower line
double
rock
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KR1020100124289A
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KR101256584B1 (en
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박재현
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(주)한국투아치
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/01Methods or apparatus for enlarging or restoring the cross-section of tunnels, e.g. by restoring the floor to its original level
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/106Making by using boring or cutting machines with percussive tools, e.g. pick-hammers
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/12Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/14Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A tunnel construction method using a double-excavation method is provided to minimize vibration and noise transferred to the ground when a tunnel is excavated. CONSTITUTION: A tunnel construction method using a double-excavation method is as follows. A lower pre-excavation part(110) is excavated along the longitudinal direction of a tunnel. A residual tunnel part located at the top of the lower pre-excavation part is excavated. Muck falling to the lower pre-excavation part when the residual tunnel part is excavated is removed.

Description

이중공법을 통한 터널의 굴착방법{Tunnel Constructing Method Using Double Excavation method}Tunnel Constructing Method Using Double Excavation Method

본 발명은 터널굴착 방법에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 터널의 굴착을 보다 효율적으로 할 수 있음과 동시에 경제적 측면에서도 유리한 이중공법을 통한 터널굴착 방법에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel excavation method, and more particularly, to a tunnel excavation method through a duplex method, which is advantageous in terms of economical efficiency as well as tunnel excavation.

현재 국내에서는 SOC사업 등이 증대함에 따라 지하공간을 활용하기 위하여 지하공간에 사회간접시설인 각종 에너지와 폐기물의 지하저장시설, 통신구, 전력구와 같은 에너지 전달시설 및 광역상수도를 구축하기 위한 도수터널과, 지하철, 철도, 고속철도, 국도 및 고속도로 등 도로교통을 위한 도로터널 등 수많은 터널굴착 작업이 수행되고 있다.At present, as SOC projects increase in Korea, underground tunnels for various energy and waste storage facilities, communication districts, and power districts to utilize underground spaces are used to build underground waterworks. Numerous tunnel excavation works are being carried out, including road tunnels for road traffic such as subways, railways, high-speed railways, national highways and highways.

통상 터널을 굴착하는 방법으로서는 발파에 의한 굴착공법, 굴착면을 천공한 후 기계적 파쇄장치나 화학제를 사용하여 암반에 충격을 주어 무진동으로 파쇄하여 굴착하는 방법 등 여러 형태가 있다.Conventionally, there are various methods for excavating a tunnel, such as an excavation method by blasting, drilling a drilling surface, and then impacting the rock using a mechanical crushing device or a chemical agent to crush and excavate in a non-vibrating manner.

먼저, 발파에 의한 굴착공법은 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이, 터널의 막장면 중심부에 복수개의 장약공(1a)들을 천공하여서 된 심발부(1)를 먼저 굴착한 후에, 상기 심발부(1) 영역으로부터 외측으로 일종의 동심원을 형성하며 상기 심발부를 제외한 잔여터널부를 발파하여 굴착하는 방식으로 진행된다.First, the excavation method by blasting, as shown in Figure 1, first excavating the heart portion (1) made by drilling a plurality of charge holes (1a) in the center of the membrane face of the tunnel, the heart portion (1) It forms a kind of concentric circles outward from the area and proceeds by blasting by excavating the remaining tunnel except for the heart.

이러한 발파에 의한 굴착공법은 화약의 구입이 수월하고 운용이 편리한 장점으로 인해 굴착효율과 굴착비용의 경제성 측면에서 있어서 매우 유리하지만, 다량의 폭약을 기폭시키는 형태로 이루어짐으로써 정밀한 굴착이 이루어지기 힘들고 필연적으로 굴착기간 내내 격심한 진동, 소음 및 분진이 발생된다는 문제를 가진다.This excavation method by blasting is very advantageous in terms of the efficiency of excavation efficiency and excavation cost due to the easy purchase of gunpowder and convenient operation, but it is difficult to precisely excavate because it is made in the form of detonating a large amount of explosives As a result, severe vibration, noise and dust are generated throughout the excavation period.

이러한 진동, 소음 및 분진 등은 터널 직상부의 지표면으로 그대로 전파되면서 터널 직상부에 위치하는 구조물, 인체, 가축류, 기기류 등에 악영향을 미치므로 인구와 건물이 밀집된 도심지 내의 건물터파기 및 도로확장, 신설, 지하철, 고속철도, 문화재 인접지역 공사, 재개발지역 등의 공사에서는 집단민원이 빗발치고 있음은 물론 발파허가 조차 얻기 힘들어 공사자체가 거의 불가능한 실정이다.These vibrations, noises, and dusts propagate to the ground directly above the tunnel, adversely affecting structures, humans, livestock, and equipment located directly above the tunnel. Therefore, building breaks, road extensions, and new buildings are built in urban areas where populations and buildings are concentrated. In the construction of subways, high-speed railways, adjacent areas of cultural assets, and redevelopment areas, collective complaints are inconvenient, and even blast permits are difficult to obtain.

이에 따라, 상황에 따라서는 진동과 소음 분진이 없이 암반을 파쇄하는 정적 파쇄적인 공법이 요구되고 있으며, 이러한 굴착방법의 일환으로 무진동 파쇄공법이 주로 이용되고 있다.Accordingly, depending on the situation, a static crushing method for crushing rock without vibration and noise dust is required. As a part of such an excavation method, a vibration-free crushing method is mainly used.

이러한 무진동 파쇄공법은 터널 막장을 천공한 후 천공한 구멍 안에 굴삭기에 장착된 초대형 할암기(B.R.S:Big Rock Splitter)의 바깥(外)날을 삽입하여 내(內)날인 쐐기를 고압의 유압피스톤(2,500~3,500 ton)으로 밀어넣어 암반을 파쇄하도록 하거나, 천공한 구멍 안에 겔 튜브를 주입한 다음 전기뇌관 및 소량의 기폭약으로 화학반응을 촉진시켜 순간적으로 고온, 고압 상태로 전환되는 겔의 힘(이성질체의 호변이성을 이용)을 이용하여 암반을 파쇄하도록 하는 것이다.This vibration-free crushing method inserts an outer blade of a large rock splitter (BRS) mounted on an excavator into a drilled hole after drilling a tunnel face, thereby cutting the inner wedge into a high pressure hydraulic piston ( 2,500 ~ 3,500 ton) to break the rock or inject a gel tube into the perforated hole and then accelerate the chemical reaction with an electric primer and a small amount of detonator to instantly convert the gel into a high temperature and high pressure state (isomers). Using tautomerism) to break the rock.

이러한 무진동 파쇄공법은 화약발파로 인한 비산, 폭음압 등이 없으므로 발파에 의한 굴착공법에 비하여 안전하고 소음 및 진동이 적어 환경공해 측면에서 유리하지만, 굴착효율이 낮아 공사기간이 상당한 정도로 길어짐은 물론 발파방식과 비교하여 비용도 상당하게 늘어나게 되어 경제성 측면에서 있어서는 매우 불리하다는 문제가 있다.This vibration-free crushing method is safer than the excavation method by blasting because it does not have scattering or explosion pressure due to explosives, and it is advantageous in terms of environmental pollution due to less noise and vibration.However, the construction period is considerably longer due to lower drilling efficiency. Compared to the method, the cost increases considerably, which is very disadvantageous in terms of economics.

본 발명은 상술한 종래의 문제점 및 제결점을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로서, 본 발명의 목적은 다음과 같다.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the aforementioned problems and drawbacks of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is as follows.

첫째, 본 발명은 안전성을 향상시키고 작업능률을 올릴 수 있는 터널 굴착방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.First, the present invention is to provide a tunnel excavation method that can improve the safety and work efficiency.

둘째, 본 발명은 굴착 시 지표면으로 전달되는 진동과 소음을 최소화할 수 있는 터널의 굴착방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.Second, an object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel excavation method that can minimize the vibration and noise transmitted to the ground surface during excavation.

셋째, 본 발명은 일반적인 발파 공법만을 모두 적용하지 않고서도 상황에 따라 터널 굴착 시간을 단축하면서도 상술한 진동의 억제 및 작업 효율을 증대시킬 수 있는 터널 굴착방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.Third, an object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel excavation method that can reduce the tunnel excavation time according to the situation and increase the work efficiency and suppress the above-mentioned vibration without applying all the general blasting methods.

상기 목적을 달성하기 위해, 본 발명은 완성될 터널의 하부에 터널의 길이방향을 따라 하부선굴착부를 굴착하는 단계와, 상기 하부선굴착부의 상측에 위치된 잔여터널부를 굴착하는 단계 및 상기 잔여터널부의 굴착 시 상기 하부선굴착부로 낙하하는 버럭들을 제거하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이중공법을 통한 터널의 굴착방법을 제공한다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises the steps of excavating the lower linear drilling portion in the lower portion of the tunnel to be completed, the excavation of the remaining tunnel portion located above the lower linear drilling portion and the residual tunnel The excavation of the tunnel provides a method of excavating a tunnel through a double method characterized in that it comprises the step of removing the buckle falling to the lower line drilling portion.

여기서, 상기 하부선굴착부는 터널의 입구부로부터 일정 구간에 걸쳐 차례로 굴착되도록 할 수 있다.Here, the lower line drilling portion may be excavated in sequence over a predetermined section from the inlet of the tunnel.

그리고, 상기 잔여터널부의 굴착은 상기 하부선굴착부의 상부로 일정구간에 걸쳐 상기 하부선굴착부로부터 인접된 구간부터 차례로 굴착되도록 할 수 있다.In addition, the excavation of the remaining tunnel portion may be excavated in sequence from an area adjacent to the lower line excavation portion over a predetermined section to the upper portion of the lower line excavation portion.

또한, 상기 하부선굴착부는 발파방식으로 굴착되도록 할 수 있다.In addition, the lower line excavation may be excavated in a blasting method.

그리고, 상기 하부선굴착부는, 무진동암반파쇄방식으로 굴착되도록 할 수 있다.In addition, the lower line excavation portion, it can be excavated in a vibration-free rock crushing method.

또한, 상기 잔여터널부는 일반 발파방식으로 굴착되도록 하거나. 상기 잔여터널부는 무진동암반파쇄방식으로 굴착되도록 할 수 있다.In addition, the residual tunnel portion to be excavated in a general blasting method. The remaining tunnel portion can be excavated in a vibrationless rock crushing method.

나아가, 상기 하부선굴착부와 잔여터널부는 계단 형태로 병행하여 굴착되도록 할 수 있다.Further, the lower line drilling portion and the remaining tunnel portion can be excavated in parallel in the step shape.

상기와 같이 구성된 본 발명 이중공법을 통한 터널의 굴착방법을 다음과 같은 효과가 있다.The excavation method of the tunnel through the present invention the duplex method configured as described above has the following effects.

첫째, 본 발명 이중공법을 통한 터널의 굴착방법에 의하면 완성될 터널의 하부에 터널의 길이방향을 따라 하부선굴착부를 선굴착한 다음, 잔여터널부를 굴착함으로써 터널 굴착 시 발생되는 진동과 소음이 지표면과 거리가 먼 하부선굴착부를 통해 최소화되는 효과가 있다.First, according to the excavation method of the tunnel through the double-hole method of the present invention, by digging the lower line drilling part along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel in the lower part of the tunnel to be completed, and then excavating the remaining tunnel part, the vibration and noise generated when the tunnel is excavated There is an effect that is minimized through the bottom line drilling unit far from.

둘째, 본 발명 이중공법을 통한 터널의 굴착방법에 의하면, 잔여터널부를 굴착하면서 발생되는 버럭들은 자중에 의해 하부선굴착부로 모이게 되므로 버럭 제거작업이 신속하고 간편하게 이루어질 수 있는 효과를 기대할 수 있다.Second, according to the excavation method of the tunnel through the double-hole method of the present invention, the blocks generated while excavating the remaining tunnel portion is collected by the lower line excavation portion by its own weight can be expected to have an effect that can be carried out quickly and easily to remove the buckle.

셋째, 두 가지의 공법을 혼용하여 전체 터널이 굴착되되, 발파 방식과 무진동 암반파괴방식을 적절히 활용함으로써 소음 및 작업 안전성을 극대화하면서도 작업 속도는 최대화할 수 있게 되는 효과가 있다.Third, the entire tunnel is excavated by using two methods, but by using the blasting method and the vibration-free rock-breaking method properly, it is possible to maximize the working speed while maximizing the noise and working safety.

도 1은 종래의 발파에 의한 굴착공법을 설명하기 위한 터널 정면도;
도 2는 본 발명 터널 굴착 방법의 초기단계를 개략적으로 나타낸 정면도;
도 3은 본 발명 이중공법을 이용한 터널의 굴착방법에 있어서 잔여터널부의 굴착과정을 설명하기 위한 정면도;
도 4는 본 발명 이중공법을 이용한 터널의 굴착방법에 있어서 잔여터널부의 굴착과정을 설명하기 위한 측단면도;
5는 본 발명의 이중공법을 통한 터널의 굴착방법에 따라 잔여터널부가 굴착된 상태를 나타내는 터널의 측단면도; 및
도 6은 본 발명의 이중공법을 통한 터널의 굴착방법의 다른 실시예를 나타낸 측단면도이다.
1 is a front view of a tunnel for explaining a conventional excavation method by blasting;
Figure 2 is a front view schematically showing the initial stage of the tunnel excavation method of the present invention;
Figure 3 is a front view for explaining the excavation process of the remaining tunnel portion in the excavation method of the tunnel using the double method of the present invention;
Figure 4 is a side cross-sectional view for explaining the excavation process of the remaining tunnel in the excavation method of the tunnel using the double method of the present invention;
5 is a side cross-sectional view of a tunnel showing a state in which the remaining tunnel portion is excavated according to the excavation method of the tunnel through the double method of the present invention; And
Figure 6 is a side cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the excavation method of the tunnel through the double method of the present invention.

본 발명의 특징 및 이점들은 첨부도면에 의거한 다음의 바람직한 실시예에 대한 상세한 설명으로 더욱 명백해질 것이다. 이에 앞서, 본 명세서 및 청구범위에 사용된 용어나 단어는 발명자가 그 자신의 발명을 가장 최선의 방법으로 설명하기 위해 용어의 개념을 적절하게 정의할 수 있다는 원칙에 입각하여 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 부합하는 의미와 개념으로 해석되어야만 한다.The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, terms and words used in the present specification and claims are to be interpreted in accordance with the technical idea of the present invention based on the principle that the inventor can properly define the concept of the term in order to explain his invention in the best way. It must be interpreted in terms of meaning and concept.

이하, 본 발명의 일 실시예를 도면을 참조하여 상세히 설명함에 있어, 동일한 구성에 대해서는 동일한 부호를 사용하며, 명료성을 위하여 가능한 중복되지 않게 상이한 부분만을 주로 설명한다.DETAILED DESCRIPTION Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Like reference numerals refer to like elements, and only different parts will be mainly described so as not to overlap for clarity.

도 2는 본 발명 터널 굴착 방법의 초기단계를 개략적으로 나타낸 정면도이다.Figure 2 is a front view schematically showing the initial stage of the tunnel excavation method of the present invention.

도시된 바와 같이, 본 발명 이중공법을 통한 터널의 굴착방법은 완성될 터널의 하부 일정 구간(110, 이하 "하부선굴착부"라 한다)을 선굴착한다. 이때, 상기 하부선굴착부(110)는 완성될 터널의 바닥면에 위치된 상태로 굴착되도록 할 수도 있으나, 도시된 것처럼, 터널의 바닥면으로부터 일정 높이 위치된 구간에 굴착되도록 함이 바람직하다.As shown, the tunnel excavation method through the double-hole method of the present invention pre-excavates the lower predetermined section (hereinafter referred to as "lower line drilling part") of the tunnel to be completed. At this time, the lower line drilling portion 110 may be excavated in a state located on the bottom surface of the tunnel to be completed, as shown, it is preferable to be excavated in a section located a certain height from the bottom surface of the tunnel.

여기서, 상기 하부선굴착부(110)는 작업자가 들어가 잔여굴착부(120)의 굴착 시에 발생하는 버럭(미도시)들의 제거를 용이하게 할 수 있는 충분한 공간을 가지는 높이로 굴착되어야 할 것이다.Here, the lower line excavation portion 110 should be excavated to a height having a sufficient space to facilitate the removal of the buckets (not shown) generated when the worker enters the excavation of the remaining excavation portion (120).

일반적으로 상기 하부선굴착부(110)의 굴착 높이는 2m 정도가 됨이 바람직하다.In general, the excavation height of the lower line drilling portion 110 is preferably about 2m.

그리고, 상기 하부선굴착부(110)는 터널의 길이방향을 따라서 굴착되는데, 완성될 터널의 입구로부터 처음부터 상당한 길이로 깊게 굴착하는 경우에는 상기 잔여터널부(120)를 굴착하는 단계에서 매몰 사고가 발생될 염려가 있다. In addition, the lower line drilling portion 110 is excavated along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, when the deep drilling from the inlet of the tunnel to be completed in a considerable length from the beginning of the buried accident in the step of drilling the residual tunnel portion 120 There is a risk of occurrence.

그러므로, 미리 암반의 상태나 기타 주변환경 등을 고려하여 완성될 터널의 길이방향을 따라서 다수 구간으로 나뉘어 각 구간 별로 적정한 길이로 굴착됨이 바람직할 것이다.Therefore, in consideration of the condition of the rock or other surrounding environment in advance along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel to be completed, it would be desirable to be excavated to an appropriate length for each section.

그리고, 상기 하부선굴착부(110)는 무진동암반파쇄 방식이 적용되어 굴착된다. 할암기 등을 활용하는 무진동암반파쇄방식은 이미 다양한 기술이 나와 있으며, 이러한 공지된 기술 중 하나를 적용할 수 있다.In addition, the lower line excavation unit 110 is excavated by applying a rock-free rock crushing method. Vibration-free rock crushing method using a haulmeum has already been shown a variety of techniques, one of these known techniques can be applied.

무진동암반파쇄 방식에 대한 기술은 이미 널리 알려진 기술로 당업자에게 자명한 사항이므로 보다 자세한 설명은 생략한다.The technology for the vibration-free rock crushing method is already well known and will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and thus a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

도 3은 본 발명 이중공법을 이용한 터널의 굴착방법에 있어서 잔여터널부의 굴착과정을 설명하기 위한 정면도이고, 도 4는 본 발명 이중공법을 이용한 터널의 굴착방법에 있어서 잔여터널부의 굴착과정을 설명하기 위한 측단면도이다.Figure 3 is a front view for explaining the excavation process of the remaining tunnel portion in the excavation method of the tunnel using the double-hole method of the present invention, Figure 4 illustrates the excavation process of the remaining tunnel portion in the excavation method of the tunnel using the double-hole method of the present invention It is a side cross section for.

도시된 바와 같이, 상기 하부선굴착부(110)를 굴착한 후에는 상기 하부선굴착부(110)의 상측에 위치하는 잔여터널부(120)를 굴착하는 단계를 거치도록 한다.As shown, after the excavation of the lower line excavation unit 110 is subjected to the step of excavating the remaining tunnel portion 120 located on the upper side of the lower line excavation unit 110.

이때, 상기 잔여터널부(120)는 상기 하부선굴착부(110)의 상측 인접부로부터 일정 구간에 걸쳐 다수 회로 나뉘어 굴착함이 안정적이게 된다.At this time, the remaining tunnel portion 120 is divided into a plurality of circuits over a predetermined period from the upper adjacent portion of the lower line drilling portion 110 is excavated is stable.

그리고, 본 발명에 있어서는, 상기 잔여터널부(120)의 굴착 시에 균일발파 등과 같은 발파 공법을 전혀 사용하지 않고 할암기 등을 적용하는 즉 무진동 암반파쇄공법이 적용됨이 바람직하다.In the present invention, it is preferable that a rock-free rock crushing method is applied without using a blasting method such as uniform blasting at all when excavation of the residual tunnel portion 120 without using a blasting method.

즉, 브레이커 등과 같은 장치를 이용 잔여터널부의 외벽에 힘을 가하여 암반을 파쇄하고, 파쇄된 암반의 버럭 들이 자중에 의하여 상기 하부선굴착부(110)로 낙하하는 것을 이용하여 굴착하는 것이다.In other words, by using a device such as a breaker to crush the rock by applying a force to the outer wall of the remaining tunnel portion, the excavation by using the falling of the buckles of the crushed rock to the lower line drilling portion 110 by its own weight.

이 경우, 작업자는 상기 하부선굴착부(110)로 낙하한 버럭들을 외부로 반출시키면서 굴착작업이 수행됨은 물론이다.In this case, the worker is of course carried out while the excavation operation is carried out while carrying out the buckets dropped to the lower line excavation unit 110 to the outside.

그리고, 본 발명에 있어서 상기 잔여터널부(120)의 굴착은, 첨부된 도 5에 도시된 바와 같이, 완성될 터널의 높이에 이르기까지 한번에 전부 굴착되도록 하지 않고, 상기 하부선굴착부(110)가 터널 입구부로부터 일정 구간에 걸쳐 형성됨에 따라서 상기 잔여터널부(120)의 굴착 영역 또한 터널 입구부로부터 점점 확대되는 형태로 굴착되도록 함이 보다 바람직할 것이다.And, in the present invention, the excavation of the remaining tunnel portion 120, as shown in the accompanying FIG. 5, not to be excavated all at once until the height of the tunnel to be completed, the lower line excavation portion 110 As it is formed over a predetermined period from the tunnel inlet portion, it may be more preferable that the excavation region of the remaining tunnel portion 120 is also excavated in the form of gradually expanding from the tunnel inlet portion.

즉, 일정 길이만큼 상기 하부선굴착부(110)가 굴착되면 상기 하부선굴착부(110)의 굴착 중에 발생된 버럭들을 제거하고, 상기 버럭들이 정리된 공간에서 종방향 굴착방식을 통해 다시 상기 잔여터널부를 다수 회 차에 걸쳐서 굴착을 실시한다. That is, when the lower line drilling unit 110 is excavated by a predetermined length, the blocks generated during the excavation of the lower line drilling unit 110 are removed, and the residuals are further removed through the longitudinal drilling in the space where the blocks are arranged. Excavation is carried out several times over the tunnel.

보다 자세히 설명하면 도 5에 도시된 바와 같이, 최초 굴착된 하부선굴착부(110)에 바로 인접된 1차 잔여터널부(125)를 굴착하고, 상기 1차 잔여터널부(125)의 굴착 시 상기 하부선굴착부(110)로 낙하된 버럭들은 후방으로 이송 처리한다.In more detail, as illustrated in FIG. 5, when the primary residual tunnel portion 125 is immediately excavated immediately adjacent to the first excavated lower line drilling portion 110, the primary residual tunnel portion 125 is excavated. The barrels dropped to the lower line drilling portion 110 are transported to the rear.

이 경우에도, 굴착하고자 하는 터널의 길이방향을 따라 상기 하부선굴착부(110)의 굴착과 1차 잔여터널부(125)의 굴착은 여전히 진행을 하게 되며, 상기 1차 잔여터널부(125)의 상측으로 2차 잔여터널부(126)를 계속 굴착하게 된다.Even in this case, the excavation of the lower line excavation portion 110 and the excavation of the primary residual tunnel portion 125 continue along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel to be excavated, and the primary residual tunnel portion 125. Continue to excavate the secondary residual tunnel portion 126 to the upper side of.

이렇게 하면, 계단식으로 상기 1차 잔여터널부(125)와 2차 잔여터널부(126)가 전체 터널이 높이에 이르기까지 반복되어 수행된다.In this case, the primary residual tunnel portion 125 and the secondary residual tunnel portion 126 are repeatedly performed until the entire tunnel reaches a height in a stepwise manner.

특히, 본 발명 터널 굴착방법에 의하면 계단식으로 굴착 시에 브레이커 등을 적용할 수 있는 자유면이 즉, 브레이커 등을 적용할 수 있는 면이 측방향 및 상방향 등과 같이 2 개 이상으로 많아지게 되므로, 작업자는 굴착에 유리한 면을 브레이커 등을 이용하여 굴착작업을 수행할 수 있게 되는 장점을 가진다.Particularly, according to the tunnel excavation method of the present invention, since the free surface to which a breaker or the like can be applied when excavating in a stepwise manner, that is, the surface to which the breaker can be applied, is increased to two or more, such as the lateral direction and the upper direction, The operator has an advantage that the excavation work can be performed using a breaker or the like that is advantageous to the excavation.

그리고, 전체 터널의 길이에 이르기까지 상술한 일련의 굴착작업을 연속적으로 반복하면서 굴착구간을 연장시키면 최종적으로 전체 터널 내부를 만들 수 있게 된다.In addition, if the excavation section is extended while continuously repeating the above-described series of excavation operations up to the length of the entire tunnel, the entire tunnel interior can be finally made.

도시 및 설명의 편의상 상술한 설명에서는 1차 잔여터널부 및 2차 잔여터널부만으로 나타내었으나, 상기 하부선굴착부(110)의 상부로 보다 많은 구간에 걸쳐 잔여터널부의 구간을 설정하여 굴착작업이 이루어질 수 있음은 물론이다.For convenience of illustration and description, in the above description, only the primary residual tunnel portion and the secondary residual tunnel portion are shown. However, the excavation work is performed by setting the residual tunnel portion over a greater number of sections to the upper portion of the lower linear drilling portion 110. Of course it can be done.

한편, 상기 잔여터널부(110)의 굴착 시에 본 발명의 경우는 종래에 적용되었던 일반 발파 방식이 아닌 소량의 화약을 사용하는, 즉 상기 잔여터널부(110)에 소정의 균열만이 가하도록 하는 균열발파를 일부 수행한 후에, 브레이커(braker) 등의 장비를 활용하여 균열시킨 부분을 긁어 내는 방식으로 굴착이 가능하다.On the other hand, in the case of the excavation of the residual tunnel portion 110 in the case of the present invention using a small amount of gunpowder rather than the conventional blasting method, that is to apply only a predetermined crack to the residual tunnel portion 110 After some crack blasting is performed, excavation is possible by scraping off the cracked part using equipment such as a breaker (braker).

여기서, 일반발파는 암반이 원래 위치로부터 다수의 조각으로 즉시로 분리되는, 즉 완전히 파괴될 정도의 발파공법을 말하며, 균열발파는 암반에 충분한 크랙(crack)이 발생되어, 소정 외력이 작용 시에는 균열이 발생된 암반이 무너질 정도의 발파를 말한다. 즉, 상기 두 개의 발파방식은 화약 또는 화약 설치 방법 등에 차이가 있게 된다.Here, the general blasting refers to a blasting method in which the rock is immediately separated into a plurality of pieces from the original position, that is, completely destroyed, and the cracking blasting occurs when enough cracks are generated in the rock, and a predetermined external force is applied. It refers to the blasting of the rock where the crack is generated. That is, the two blasting methods are different from the gunpowder or the gunpowder installation method.

이와 같이, 일부 균열발파를 적용하는 경우에는 브레이커 등의 장비를 활용하여 잔여터널부(120)의 굴착 작업이 보다 수월하게 이루어지게 될 것이다.As such, when some crack blasting is applied, the excavation work of the remaining tunnel part 120 will be made easier by using equipment such as a breaker.

상기 잔여터널부(120)의 굴착까지 모두 완료된 후에는 상기 하부선굴착부(110) 아래의 터널 바닥부분을 굴착 및 다듬질함으로써 전체 터널의 굴착작업이 완료된다.After the excavation of the remaining tunnel portion 120 is completed, the excavation work of the entire tunnel is completed by excavating and trimming the bottom portion of the tunnel under the lower line excavation portion 110.

상기와 같이 구성된 본 발명 이중공법을 통한 터널의 굴착방법의 작용에 대하여 설명하면 다음과 같다.Referring to the operation of the excavation method of the tunnel through the present invention the double construction method configured as described above are as follows.

본 발명에 의하면 터널의 하부측을 선굴착하여 하부선굴착부(110)를 형성한 후에, 상기 하부선굴착부(110)의 상측에 위치되는 잔여굴착부를 굴착하는 방식으로 전체 터널이 굴착된다.According to the present invention, after the bottom side of the tunnel is pre-excavated to form the bottom line excavation portion 110, the entire tunnel is excavated by excavating the remaining excavation portion located above the bottom line excavation portion 110.

그리고, 상기 하부선굴착부(110)를 굴착한 이후 상기 하부선굴착부의 상측 잔여터널부를 일정 구간에 걸쳐서 굴착하는데, 이 경우 상기 잔여굴착부(120)의 굴착 시 발생하는 버럭들은 중력에 의하여 자동적으로 하부로 낙하하게 된다.After the excavation of the lower line excavation unit 110, the upper residual tunnel portion of the lower line excavation unit is excavated over a predetermined period. In this case, the burrs generated during excavation of the remaining excavation unit 120 are automatically driven by gravity. Will fall to the bottom.

즉, 상기 잔여굴착부(120)가 굴착 시 발생되는 버럭들은 하부선굴착부(110)에 모이게 되는데, 상기 하부선굴착부는 작업자 및 장비가 투입되기에 충분한 공간으로 형성되어 있으므로, 작업자는 낙하된 버럭들을 장비를 활용하여 외부로 쉽게 반출할 수 있게 된다.That is, the burrs generated when the residual excavation portion 120 is excavated are collected in the lower line excavation portion 110. Since the lower line excavation portion is formed with sufficient space for the operator and the equipment, the worker is dropped. The buckets can be easily taken out using the equipment.

또한, 본 발명에 의하면 상기 잔여터널부(120)의 굴착 방법으로 무진동암반파쇄방식을 위주로 하되, 상황에 따라서는 소정의 균열발파방식을 적용하여 터널의 굴착 속도 및 경제성을 고려하여 최선의 방식을 선택 적용할 수 있게 된다.In addition, according to the present invention, while the residual tunnel portion 120 is excavated, the vibration-free rock crushing method is mainly used. Depending on the situation, a predetermined crack blasting method is applied in consideration of the excavation speed and economic efficiency of the tunnel. Selection can be applied.

특히, 계단형으로 굴착이 진해되는 경우 굴착을 개시할 수 있는 자유면이 2개 이상으로 많이 나오게 되므로, 작업자는 보다 편한 굴착작업이 가능하게 된다.Particularly, when the excavation is deepened in a stepped shape, two or more free surfaces capable of initiating excavation may be provided, and thus, the worker may be more comfortable in excavation.

무엇보다도, 본 발명에 의하면, 주위 외부에 진동 및 소음을 최소화하는 무진동암반파쇄를 적용하면서도 작업속도는 최대화할 수 있게 되므로, 작업효율의 증대 및 터널 굴착 시 경제성을 좋게 할 수 있게 된다.Above all, according to the present invention, while applying vibration-free rock crushing that minimizes vibration and noise to the outside, the working speed can be maximized, thereby increasing the work efficiency and improving the economics when digging a tunnel.

이와 같이, 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 대해 상술하였으나 본 발명은 전술한 실시예에 한정되지 않으며, 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진자가 본 발명의 사상을 벗어나지 않고 변형 가능하며, 이러한 변형은 본 발명의 권리범위에 속할 것이다.As described above, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described above with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art may modify the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Possible, such modifications will fall within the scope of the invention.

예를 들어 본 발명에 따른 이중공법을 이용한 터널의 굴착방법에 의하면, 첨부된 도 6에서와 같이, 상기 하부선굴착부(110)의 상부에 위치된 잔여터널부(120)을 한번에 굴착할 수도 있음은 물론이다.For example, according to the excavation method of the tunnel using the double method according to the present invention, as shown in Figure 6, it is possible to excavate the remaining tunnel portion 120 located on the upper portion of the lower line drilling portion 110 at a time. Of course.

110: 하부선굴착부 120: 잔여터널부
125: 1차 잔여터널부 126: 2차 잔여터널부
110: lower line drilling portion 120: residual tunnel portion
125: primary residual tunnel portion 126: secondary residual tunnel portion

Claims (8)

완성될 터널의 하부에 터널의 길이방향을 따라 하부선굴착부를 굴착하는 단계;
상기 하부선굴착부의 상측에 위치된 잔여터널부를 굴착하는 단계; 및
상기 잔여터널부의 굴착 시 상기 하부선굴착부로 낙하하는 버럭들을 제거하는 단계;
를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이중공법을 통한 터널의 굴착방법.
Digging the bottom line drilling portion in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel in the lower portion of the tunnel to be completed;
Excavating the remaining tunnel portion located above the lower line excavator; And
Removing the blocks falling to the lower line drilling portion when the remaining tunnel portion is excavated;
Excavation method of a tunnel through a double method comprising a.
제1항에 있어서,
상기 하부선굴착부는,
상기 완성될 터널의 입구부로부터 터널의 길이방향을 따라서 일정 구간에 걸쳐서 차례로 굴착되도록 한 것을 특징으로 하는 이중공법을 통한 터널의 굴착방법.
The method of claim 1,
The lower line drilling portion,
Excavation method of a tunnel through a double method characterized in that the excavation in sequence over a predetermined section in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel from the entrance of the tunnel to be completed.
제1항에 있어서,
상기 잔여터널부의 굴착은,
상기 하부선굴착부의 상부로 일정구간에 걸쳐 상기 하부선굴착부로부터 인접된 구간부터 차례로 굴착되도록 한 것을 특징으로 하는 이중공법을 통한 터널의 굴착방법.
The method of claim 1,
Excavation of the remaining tunnel portion,
The excavation method of the tunnel through the double method, characterized in that the excavation in sequence from the adjacent section from the lower line drilling portion over a predetermined section to the upper portion of the lower line drilling portion.
제1항에 있어서,
상기 하부선굴착부는,
무진동암반파쇄방식을 통하여 굴착되도록 한 것을 특징으로 하는 이중공법을 통한 터널의 굴착방법.
The method of claim 1,
The lower line drilling portion,
Excavation method of the tunnel through the double method characterized in that the excavation through a rock-free rock crushing method.
제1항에 있어서,
상기 하부선굴착부는,
무진동암반파쇄방식으로 굴착되도록 한 것을 특징으로 하는 이중공법을 통한 터널의 굴착방법.
The method of claim 1,
The lower line drilling portion,
Excavation method of the tunnel through the double method characterized in that the excavation in a rock-free rock-crushing method.
제1항에 있어서,
상기 잔여터널부는,
무진동암반파쇄방식으로 굴착되도록 한 것을 특징으로 하는 이중공법을 통한 터널의 굴착방법.
The method of claim 1,
The remaining tunnel portion,
Excavation method of the tunnel through the double method characterized in that the excavation in a rock-free rock-crushing method.
제6항에 있어서,
상기 잔여터널부는,
브레이커를 이용 암반파쇄가 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 이중공법을 통한 터널의 굴착방법.
The method of claim 6,
The remaining tunnel portion,
Rock excavation method through a double method characterized in that the rock crushing using a breaker.
제1항에 있어서,
상기 하부선굴착부와 잔여터널부는,
계단 형태로 병행하여 굴착되도록 한 것을 특징으로 하는 이중공법을 통한 터널의 굴착방법.
The method of claim 1,
The lower line drilling portion and the remaining tunnel portion,
Excavation method of a tunnel through a double method characterized in that the excavation in parallel in the step form.
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KR101507056B1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2015-04-06 양병태 Method for excavating bedrock
KR102257067B1 (en) 2020-09-08 2021-06-01 엘케이건설산업 주식회사 Injection apparatus of expansion type crushing material and rock excavation method using expansion type crushing material and crusher
KR20220032908A (en) 2020-09-08 2022-03-15 양재이엔지 주식회사 Rock excavation method in tunnel using non-explosion type crushing material and crusher
KR102339387B1 (en) * 2021-07-21 2021-12-14 (주)성진이엔씨 A tunnel excavation method to raise up effectivity of explosion by using three free surface
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