KR20120059422A - Gasification quench chamber baffle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A baffle for a gasification rapid cooling chamber is provided to cook exhaust gas discharged from a combustion chamber by improving the structure of a rapid cooling chamber assembly. CONSTITUTION: A baffle for a gasification rapid cooling chamber comprises a ring, pipes, and a gusset. The ring includes a vertical longitudinal shaft. The pipes are extended over the lower edge of the ring, and uniformly separated from the circumference perimeter of the ring. The pipes include upper units and lower units. The lower units(44) are extended toward a drainage chamber inside the rapid cooling chamber(16) to the downward direction. The gusset guides the flow of water toward the upper units of the pipes. One of the ring, the pipes, and the gusset in inwardly inclined on the lower side of the chamber.

Description

Gasification Quench Chamber Baffle {GASIFICATION QUENCH CHAMBER BAFFLE}

This application is incorporated herein by reference in U.S. Patent Application No. 12 / 494,385, entitled "QUENCH CHAMBER ASSEMBLY FOR A GASIFIER," filed June 30, 2009 {Attorney Attorney No. 235585 -1 is a Continuation in Part claiming priority over

The present invention relates generally to gasifiers and, more particularly, to quench chamber assemblies for gasifiers and baffles used therein.

In a typical coal gasification process, particulate carbonaceous fuels such as coal or coke or carbonaceous gas are burned, which process is carried out at a relatively high temperature and high pressure in a combustion chamber. When the injected fuel is burned or partially burned in the combustion chamber, the exhaust is discharged through the port at the lower end of the combustion chamber into a quench chamber disposed downstream of the combustion chamber. The quench chamber contains a liquid coolant such as water and the like. To reduce the temperature of the emissions; Effluent from the combustion chamber is in contact with the liquid coolant in the quench chamber.

When the fuel is a solid such as coal or coke or the like, the gasifier arrangement allows the solid portion of the exhaust, in ash form, to be contained in the liquid pool of the quench chamber and then released as a slag slurry. The gaseous components of the exhaust are discharged from the quench chamber for further processing. However, when passing through the quench chamber, the gaseous components will carry a significant amount of liquid coolant therewith. The minimum amount of liquid contained in the exhaust gas is not considered to be inadequate for the whole process. However, excess liquid conveyed from the quench chamber and downstream of the equipment appears to pose operational problems.

In conventional systems, the baffles may be placed in the gas discharge path in the quench chamber. As a result, when the liquid-carrying gas contacts the baffle surface, a certain amount of liquid will coalesce on the baffle surface. However, the rapidly flowing gas will re-accompany the droplets by sweeping the droplets off the baffle bottom edge. Complex baffles of various configurations are intended to assist in the removal of entrained liquids from the exhaust gas, with considerations for manufacturing and assembly simplification becoming more important.

There is a need for an improved quench chamber assembly configured to cool the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber and a simple but effective baffle designed to significantly remove entrained liquid content from the gasifier from the waste gas.

According to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a gasification quenching chamber apparatus comprises a ring having an approximately vertical longitudinal axis; A plurality of pipes attached to the ring, each having a top end and a bottom end, wherein the plurality of bottom ends extends downwardly toward a sump in a gasification quench chamber; And a plurality of gussets configured to guide water towards the upper ends of the plurality of pipes.

According to still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a gasification quenching chamber includes: a chamber having a liquid coolant disposed therein; A dip tube configured to couple a combustion chamber to the chamber and direct syngas from the combustion chamber into the chamber to be in contact with the liquid coolant, thereby producing a cooled syngas; And a baffle disposed near the discharge path of the chamber; Wherein the baffle comprises: a ring having an approximately vertical longitudinal axis; A plurality of pipes attached to the ring, each having a top end and a bottom end, wherein the plurality of bottom ends extends downwardly toward the liquid coolant; And a plurality of gussets configured to guide water towards the upper ends of the plurality of pipes.

According to still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a gasification quenching chamber includes: a chamber having a liquid coolant disposed therein; A dip tube configured to couple a combustion chamber to the chamber, the syngas from the combustion chamber being directed to the chamber to be in contact with the liquid coolant, thereby producing a cooled syngas; A draft surrounding the dip tube and forming an annular passage therebetween; And a baffle disposed near the discharge path of the chamber; Wherein the baffle comprises: a ring having an approximately vertical longitudinal axis; A plurality of pipes attached to the ring, each having a top end and a bottom end, wherein the plurality of bottom ends extends downwardly toward the liquid coolant; And a plurality of gussets configured to guide water towards the upper ends of the plurality of pipes.

According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, a gasification quenching chamber comprises: a ring having an approximately vertical longitudinal axis; A plurality of extension plates attached to the ring, each having a top end and a bottom end, wherein the plurality of bottom ends extends downwardly toward the sump in the gasification quench chamber; And a plurality of gussets configured to guide water towards the upper ends of the plurality of extension plates.

These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will be better understood when the following detailed description is read with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate like parts throughout.
1 is a schematic diagram of a gasifier having an exemplary quench chamber in accordance with one exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
2 is a schematic view of a gasifier having an exemplary quench chamber with only a dip tube in accordance with one exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
3 is a schematic view of a portion of a quench chamber with an asymmetric or symmetrical baffle and deflector plate disposed therein according to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
4 is a schematic view of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetrical or symmetrical baffle with curved ends to form a gutter, in accordance with one exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
5 is a schematic view of a portion of a quench chamber with asymmetric or symmetrical baffle and deflector plates disposed therein in accordance with one exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
6 is a schematic view of a portion of a quench chamber with an asymmetrical or symmetrical baffle and a plurality of deflector plates disposed therein in accordance with one exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
7 is a schematic view of a portion of a quench chamber with an asymmetrical or symmetrical baffle disposed therein in accordance with one exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
8 is a schematic view of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetrical or symmetrical baffle and annular passageways having different cross-sectional areas disposed therein in accordance with one exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
9 is a schematic view of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetrical or symmetrical baffle and annular passageways having different cross-sectional areas disposed therein in accordance with one exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
10 is a schematic view of a portion of a quench chamber having a vortex generator disposed within an asymmetrical or symmetrical baffle and annular passageway in accordance with one exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
11 is a schematic view of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetrical or symmetrical baffle with curved ends, a vortex generator disposed within the annular passageway, and a separator plate according to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
12 is a schematic view of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetrical or symmetrical baffle with curved ends to form a trough and one or more openings coupled to the liquid guide pipe in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
13 is a plan view of the quench chamber according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 12;
14 is a cut away perspective view of the baffle shown in FIG. 13;
15 is a schematic representation of a portion of a quench chamber having an asymmetrical or symmetrical baffle with an opening disposed opposite the gas outlet path and a closed base in accordance with one exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
16 is a plan view of a portion of the quench chamber shown in FIG. 15;
FIG. 17 illustrates an asymmetric faceted and round baffle with an extended edge to provide a serpentine path with an opening disposed opposite the gas discharge path in accordance with the exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Schematic of a portion of a branch quench chamber;
18 is a schematic view of a portion of a quench chamber having a symmetrical cut face or circular baffle in accordance with the exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
19 is a plan view of a portion of the quench chamber shown in FIG. 18;
20 is a schematic view of a portion of a quench chamber having asymmetrical or symmetrical shaved or circular baffles having a mesh structure for capturing entrained liquids in accordance with one exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
21 illustrates a plurality of cutouts, metal pieces or plates disposed to cover the cutouts with spacers disposed therebetween to provide a serpentine path for syngas flow, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. A schematic representation of a portion of a quench chamber having asymmetric or symmetrical faceted or circular baffles;
22 is a schematic diagram of an asymmetrical or symmetrical shaved or circular baffle helical “gusset” disposed to guide entrained liquid content, in accordance with one exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
23 is a schematic illustration of a quench chamber using a spiral baffle in an annular passage between a dip tube and a draft tube in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
24 is a schematic view of a quench chamber using an asymmetrical or symmetrical baffle with an extension near an outlet in accordance with one exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
25 is a cut away perspective view of the baffle shown in FIG. 24;
26 is a front sectional view of a gasification quench chamber baffle, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 27 is a top cross-sectional view of the gasification quench chamber baffle of FIG. 26, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG.
FIG. 28 is a front sectional view of a portion of the gasification quench chamber using the baffle of FIG. 26, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG.
29 is a front sectional view of a gasification quench chamber baffle, in accordance with yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
30A-30B are enlarged front views of a portion of a gasification quench chamber baffle, in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 31 is a top cross-sectional view of the gasification quench chamber baffle of FIG. 29, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG.
32 is a cross-sectional front view of a portion of the gasification quench chamber using the baffle of FIG. 29, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

According to the exemplary embodiment described herein, a gasifier having a quench chamber assembly configured to reduce the syngas temperature downstream of the combustion chamber is described. The gasifier includes a quench chamber containing a liquid coolant disposed downstream of the combustion chamber. Syngas generated from the combustion chamber is directed to the quench chamber via a dip tube, which is in contact with the liquid coolant and produces cooled syngas. The baffle is disposed near the exit path of the quench chamber. The baffle may be a baffle of symmetrical or asymmetrical shape. The draft tube is arranged to surround the dip tube so that an annular passageway is formed between the draft tube and the dip tube. The cooled syngas passes through an annular passageway and impinges on a baffle to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas before the cooled syngas passes through the outlet path. In some embodiments, the deflector plate is disposed between the liquid coolant and the exit path of the quench chamber and is configured to remove the accompanying liquid coolant from the cooled syngas and prevent the liquid contents from squeezing relative to the exit path. In yet another embodiment, the vortex generator is configured to induce vortex motion for the cooling syngas that is disposed in the annular passageway between the dip tube and the draft tube and is directed through the annular passageway. In some embodiments, the baffle is asymmetrical or symmetrical, open or angled to remove the accompanying liquid content from the cooled syngas. In another embodiment, the baffle itself has a channel or cut and overlay to remove the entrained liquid and prevent the liquid contents from squeezing relative to the exit path. In another embodiment, only one dip tube is present and an annulus is formed between the dip tube and the quench chamber wall. Facilities of asymmetrical or symmetrical baffles, deflector plates, vortex generators, or a combination thereof significantly reduce the entrainment of the liquid contents in the syngas through the outlet path to the downstream components. Particular embodiments are discussed in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1-32.

In connection with FIG. 1, an exemplary gasifier 10 is described. The gasifier 10 includes an outer cylinder 12 containing a combustion chamber 14 at the upper end and a quenching chamber 16 at the lower end. The combustion chamber 14 is equipped with a fireproof wall 18 that can withstand normal operating temperatures. Burner 20 is coupled to fuel source 24 via path 22. A fuel stream comprising fine carbonaceous fuel, such as coal, coke, etc., is fed into the combustion chamber 14 via burners 20 detachably disposed on the top wall of the combustion chamber 14. The burner 20 is further coupled to a combustion support gas source 28 configured to supply a gas, such as oxygen or air, via a path 26.

Combustible fuel is burned in fuel chamber 14 to produce an exhaust comprising syngas and granulated solid residue. The hot discharge is fed from the combustion chamber 14 to the quench chamber 16 provided at the lower end of the shell 12. The quench chamber 16 is coupled to the pressurized source 30 and configured to supply a pool of liquid coolant 32, preferably water, to the quench chamber 16. The level of liquid coolant in the quench chamber pool 16 is maintained at a desired height in order to ensure efficient operation depending on the conditions of the effluent supplied from the combustion chamber 14 to the quench chamber 16. The lower end of the gasifier outer cylinder 12 is provided with an outlet 34 through which water and fine particles are removed from the quench chamber 16 in the form of a slurry.

In the embodiment shown, the constriction 36 of the combustion chamber 14 is coupled to the quench chamber 16 via a dip tube 38. The hot discharge is fed from the combustion chamber 14 to the liquid coolant 32 in the quench chamber 16 via the communication path 40 of the dip tube 38. The quench ring 42 is disposed near the dip tube 38 and coupled to the pressurized source 30 to maintain the dip tube inner wall in a wet state that best accommodates the downward effluent flow. The lower end 44 of the dip tube 38 may be serrated and may be located below the surface of the liquid coolant 32 to effectively achieve cooling of the discharge.

The draft tube 46 is located in the quench chamber 16. The draft tube 46 includes an elongated cylindrical body 48 fixedly supported within the gasifier shell 12. The lower portion of the draft tube 46 is submerged in the liquid coolant 32. The cylindrical body 48 terminates from the quench ring 42, adjacent to its upper end but spaced apart. The cylindrical body 48 is also spaced apart from the dip tube 38 to form an annular passage 50. Syngas is contacted with liquid coolant 32 to produce cooled syngas. The cooled syngas then passes through the annular passage 50 towards the outlet path 52 of the quench chamber 16.

As described above, the gaseous constituents of the exhaust are discharged from the quench chamber 16 via the outlet path 52 for further processing. Typically, however, gas components are known to carry a significant amount of liquid coolant with them upon passing through the quench chamber. Excessive liquid conveyed from the quench chamber into the downstream equipment has been found to pose operational problems. In the exemplary embodiment shown, an asymmetrical or symmetrical shape baffle 54 is disposed near the exit path 52 of the quench chamber 16. The baffle 54 extends below the upper edge of the draft tube 46 but over a surface of the liquid coolant 32. The cooled syngas that passes through the annular passage 50 impinges against the inner wall of the baffle 54. In a normal quench cooling process, the cooled gas stream will carry with it an amount of liquid coolant. However, when the cooling gas stream impinges on the inner surface of the baffle 54, the entrained liquid content in the gas stream tends to coalesce on the inner surface of the baffle 54. After colliding with the baffle 54, the gas stream turns and moves along the path 56 into the outlet path 52. It should be noted that the illustrated gasifier is an exemplary embodiment and other configurations of the gasifier may also be envisioned. For example, in some embodiments, the exemplary quench chamber 16 may be disposed below a radiant syngas cooler configured to partially reduce the syngas temperature before the syngas enters the quench chamber. Details of the quench chamber 16 are discussed in more detail below with reference to the following figures.

In connection with FIG. 2, an exemplary gasifier 10 is described. The gasifier 10 is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1. As described above, the hot discharge is supplied from the combustion chamber 14 to the liquid coolant 32 in the quench chamber 16 via the communication path 40 of the dip tube 38. The lower end 44 of the dip tube 38 may be serrated and may be located below the surface of the liquid coolant 32 to effectively achieve cooling of the discharge. It should be noted here that there is no draft tube in the illustrated embodiment. Syngas is contacted with liquid coolant 32 to produce cooled syngas. The cooled syngas collides with the baffle 54 against the inner wall. When the cooling gas stream impinges on the inner surface of the baffle 54, the entrained liquid content in the gas stream tends to coalesce on the inner surface of the baffle 54. The cooled syngas then passes towards the exit path 52 of the quench chamber 16.

In connection with FIG. 3, a portion of the quench chamber 16 is described. As described above, the draft tube 46 is positioned to surround the dip tube 38 in the quench chamber 16. Syngas is contacted with liquid coolant 32 to produce cooled syngas. The cooled syngas then passes through an annular passage 50 between the dip tube 38 and the draft tube 52 towards the outlet path 52 of the quench chamber 16. In addition to the asymmetrical or symmetrical shape baffles 54, a deflector plate 58 is also disposed between the liquid coolant 32 and the outlet path 52. It should be noted here that the deflector plate 58 may be disposed at an angle with respect to the liquid coolant 32.

As described above, the cooled syngas that passes through the annular passage 50 impinges on the inner wall of the baffle 54. When the cooling gas stream impinges on the inner surface of the baffle 54, the entrained liquid content in the gas stream will easily adhere onto the inner surface of the baffle 54. In the illustrated embodiment, in addition to the asymmetrical or symmetrical baffle 54, the cooled syngas also removes additional entrained liquid coolant content from the cooled syngas before proceeding through the outlet path. It collides with the deflector plate 58. In other words, deflector plate 58 provides an additional barrier to remove entrained liquid content from the cooling syngas supplied from quench chamber 16. The deflector plate 58 also prevents the liquid coolant 32 from squeezing with respect to the outlet path 52 of the quench chamber 16.

In connection with FIG. 4, a portion of the quench chamber 16 is described. In the embodiment shown, a baffle 54 is disposed near the exit path 52 of the quench chamber 16. The baffle 54 extends below the upper edge of the draft tube 46 but over a surface of the liquid coolant 32. As noted above, the cooled syngas that passes through the annular passage 50 impinges on the inner wall of the baffle 54. Note that in the illustrated embodiment the baffle 54 is an asymmetrical baffle. In yet another embodiment, the baffle 54 may be a symmetrical baffle. In the illustrated embodiment, the asymmetric baffle 54 includes a bent end 60 leading towards the liquid coolant 32. When the cooling gas stream impinges on the inner surface of the baffle 54, the entrained liquid content in the gas stream tends to coalesce on the inner surface of the baffle 54. After colliding with the baffle 54, the gas stream turns and moves along the path 56 into the outlet path 52. The asymmetric baffle 54 sweeps the droplets from the lower edge of the baffle to prevent the rapidly flowing gas from re-accommodating the droplets.

In connection with FIG. 5, a portion of the quench chamber 16 is described. In the embodiment shown, a baffle 63 is disposed near the exit path 64 of the quench chamber 62. In the embodiment shown, the baffle 63 is an asymmetric baffle. In yet another embodiment, the baffle 63 is a symmetrical baffle. Baffle 63 extends below a top edge of draft tube 66 but over a surface of liquid coolant 68 a distance. As noted above, the cooled syngas that passes through the annular passageway 70 formed between the dip tube 72 and the draft tube 66 impinges on the inner wall of the baffle 63. In the embodiment shown, the baffle 63 includes a deflected end 74 leading towards the liquid coolant 68. When the cooling gas stream impinges on the inner wall of the baffle 63, the entrained liquid content in the gas stream is likely to coalesce on the inner surface of the baffle 63.

In addition to the baffle 63, a deflector plate 76 is also disposed between the liquid coolant 68 and the outlet path 64. It should be noted here that the deflector plate 76 is disposed at an angle away from the liquid coolant 68. In the illustrated embodiment, the deflector plate 76 is a deflector plate of asymmetrical or symmetrical shape with a deflected end 74. In addition to the baffle 63, the cooled syngas also impinges on the deflector plate 76 to remove additional entrained liquid coolant contents from the cooled syngas. In addition, the deflector plate 76 prevents squeezing of the liquid coolant 68 relative to the outlet path 64 of the quench chamber 62. After impinging on the baffle 63 and the deflector plate 76, the cooling syngas then passes through the gap 80 between the deflecting ends 74, 78 with respect to the outlet path 64 of the quench chamber 62. Going forward

In connection with FIG. 6, a portion of the quench chamber 82 is described. In the embodiment shown, a baffle 84 is disposed near the exit path 86 in the quench chamber 82. In the embodiment shown, the baffle 84 is an asymmetric baffle. In yet another embodiment, the baffle 84 may be a symmetric baffle. The cooled syngas passes through an annular passage 88 formed between the dip tube 90 and the draft tube 92 and impinges on the inner wall of the baffle 84. In the illustrated embodiment, the baffle 84 includes a deflected end 94 leading towards the liquid coolant 96 contained in the quench chamber 82. The baffle 84 also includes at least one gusset 98. When the cooling gas stream impinges on the inner surface of the baffle 84, the entrained liquid content in the gas stream tends to coalesce on the inner surface of the baffle 84. Gussets 98 facilitate the discharge of liquid coolant that has collected on the surface of baffle 84.

In the illustrated embodiment, a plurality of deflector plates 100, 102 are disposed between the liquid coolant 96 and the outlet path 86. It should be noted here that the deflector plates 100, 102 are arranged at an angle leading towards the liquid coolant 96. The cooled syngas also impinges on the baffle 84 and deflector plates 100, 102 to remove additional entrained liquid coolant content from the cooled syngas. Deflector plates 100, 102 prevent squeeze of liquid coolant 96 relative to outlet path 86 of quench chamber 82. The cooled syngas impinges on the baffle 84 and the deflector plates 100, 102 and then between the baffle 84 and the deflector plates 100, 102 with respect to the outlet path 86 of the quench chamber 82. Proceed through gap 104.

In connection with FIG. 7, a portion of the quench chamber 106 is described. In the embodiment shown, a baffle 108 is disposed near the exit path 110 in the quench chamber 106. In the illustrated embodiment, the baffle 108 is an asymmetric baffle. In yet another embodiment, the baffle 108 is a symmetrical baffle. The cooled syngas passes through an annular passageway 112 formed between the dip tube 114 and the draft tube 116 and impinges on the inner wall of the baffle 108. In the illustrated embodiment, the baffle 108 includes a step 118 leading towards the liquid coolant 120 contained in the quench chamber 106. When the cooling gas stream impinges on the inner surface of the baffle 108, the entrained liquid content in the gas stream tends to coalesce on the inner surface of the baffle 108. After impinging on the baffle 108, the cooled syngas then proceeds back along the path 122 to the outlet path 110 of the quench chamber 106.

According to embodiments described herein, a baffle, deflector plate, or a combination of them facilitates the reduction of the cooled syngas flow rate, and also the gas flow path distance between the liquid coolant and the exit path of the quench chamber. Makes it easy to increase. This consequently increases the residence time of the gas and liquid coolant mixture in the quench chamber to enhance the effect of removing the accompanying liquid content from the cooled syngas.

In connection with FIG. 8, a portion of the quench chamber 124 is described. In the embodiment shown, a baffle 126 is disposed near the exit path 127 in the quench chamber 124. The baffle 126 may be an asymmetrical or symmetrical baffle. As indicated in the previous embodiments, the hot exhaust proceeds from the combustion chamber to the quench chamber 124 via the dip tube 128. The draft tube 130 is arranged to surround the dip tube 128 so that the annular passage 132 is formed between the dip tube 128 and the draft tube 130. The cooled syngas is advanced through an annular passage 132 formed between the dip tube 128 and the draft tube 130 and the baffle 126 is removed to remove additional entrained liquid coolant content from the cooled syngas. It hits the inner wall.

In the illustrated embodiment, the draft tube 130 includes a step 134. In other words, the annular passage 132 formed between the dip tube 128 and the draft tube 130 has a different cross-sectional area. The cross-sectional area of the annular passageway 132 increases from one end 136 to another end 138. This reduces any blockage at the end 136.

With reference to FIG. 9, a portion of the quench chamber 140 is described. In the embodiment shown, a baffle 142 is disposed near the exit path 144 in the quench chamber 140. The baffle 142 may be an asymmetrical or symmetrical baffle. As indicated in the previous embodiments, the hot exhaust proceeds from the combustion chamber to the quench chamber 140 via the dip tube 146. The draft tube 148 is arranged to surround the dip tube 146 so that the annular passage 150 is formed between the dip tube 146 and the draft tube 148. The cooled syngas is advanced through an annular passage 150 formed between the dip tube 146 and the draft tube 148 and to remove additional entrained liquid coolant content from the cooled syngas. It hits the inner wall.

In the embodiment shown, draft tube 148 has a varying cross-sectional area. In other words, the annular passage 150 formed between the dip tube 142 and the draft tube 148 has a different cross-sectional area. The cross-sectional area of the annular passage 150 increases from one end 152 to another end 154.

According to the embodiments discussed with reference to FIGS. 8-9, annular passages having different cross-sectional areas facilitate reducing the syngas velocity supplied through the annular passages. In addition, this also increases the cross sectional area between the draft tube 148 and the inner wall of the quench vessel. This in turn enhances the effect of removing the accompanying liquid contents from the cooled syngas.

In connection with FIG. 10, a portion of the quench chamber 156 is described. In the illustrated embodiment, draft tube 158 is disposed to surround dip tube 160 in quench chamber 156. The cooled syngas passes through an annular passage 162 formed between the dip tube 160 and the draft tube 158 toward the outlet path 164 of the quench chamber 156. Baffle 166 is disposed near exit path 164 in quench chamber 156. In the embodiment shown, baffle 166 is an asymmetric baffle. In yet another embodiment, the baffle 166 is a symmetric baffle. The baffle 166 extends a predetermined distance below the upper edge of the draft tube 158 but above the surface of the liquid coolant 168 filled in the quench chamber 156. Baffle 166 includes curved end 170 and a plurality of gussets 172. The inner surface of the baffle 166 may be made tacky.

The cooled syngas passes through the annular passage 162 and impinges on the inner wall of the baffle 166. In the illustrated embodiment, a rotary device, for example a vortex generator 174, is disposed within the annular passage 162 and is configured to induce pivotal motion to the cooling syngas passing through the annular passage 162. When the cooling gas stream impinges on the inner surface of the baffle 166, the transferred pivot movement facilitates the entrained liquid content in the gas stream to adhere onto the inner surface of the baffle 166. In other words, the vortex motion transmits higher centrifugal force and thus generates higher droplet diameter of the entrained liquid. Gusset 172 of baffle 166 facilitates discharging the liquid content removed by baffle 166.

In connection with FIG. 11, a portion of the quench chamber 156 is described. This embodiment is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. In addition, separator plate 176 is disposed between draft tube 158 and baffle 166. Vortex generator 174 is configured to induce vortex motion to the cooling syngas disposed within annular passage 162 and passing through annular passage 162. This results in the formation of an entrained liquid film on the inner wall of the draft tube 158 and the resulting liquid film down using the separator plate 176.

12, a portion of quench chamber 156 is described. This embodiment is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. The baffle 166 includes a bent end 170 having an inclined portion 178 and a plurality of holes 180 that provide an exit path for the accompanying liquid content that collects on the bent end 170. The collected liquid contents discharged through the hole 180 are guided downward through the guide pipe 182 coupled to the bent end 170. An end of the water guide pipe 182 may be partially submerged in the liquid coolant in the quench chamber 156.

In connection with FIG. 13, a portion of the quench chamber 156 is described. This embodiment is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. The baffle 166 includes a plurality of gussets 172 disposed near the exit path 164. One or more gussets 172 may be disposed on the inner circumference of the baffle 166. Gusset 172 may be circumferentially aligned with exit path 166 and may have a curvature extending along a portion of the inner circumference of baffle 166. According to some embodiments, gusset 172 may extend along nearly one third of the inner circumference of baffle 166. In particular, gusset 172 can be designed to contact the increased velocity syngas and direct the flow of entrained liquid content collected on baffle 166 away from outlet path 164. For example, gusset 172 may prevent liquid droplets of liquid contents from entraining in the faster syngas that has advanced towards exit path 164. Gusset 172 may also enhance the coalescence of entrained liquid contents.

With reference to FIG. 14, a portion of baffle 166 is described. As described above, one or more gussets 172 may be disposed on the inner circumference of the baffle 166. According to some embodiments, gusset 172 may extend along nearly one third of the inner circumference of baffle 166. In the illustrated embodiment, the gusset 172 can be angled downward in the quench chamber to direct the entrained liquid contents away from the exit path of the quench chamber.

In connection with FIG. 15, a quench chamber 184 is described. In the illustrated embodiment, draft tube 186 is positioned to surround dip tube 188 in quench chamber 184. The cooled syngas passes through an annular passage 190 formed between the dip tube 188 and the draft tube 186 toward the outlet path 192 of the quench chamber 184. A shaved or circular baffle 194 is disposed near the exit path 192 in the quench chamber 184. In one embodiment, the baffle 194 is an asymmetric baffle. In yet another embodiment, the baffle 194 is a symmetric baffle. The bottom 196 of the baffle 194 is so closed that the area between the bottom 196 of the baffle 194 and the draft tube 186 is blocked using an annular plate. The baffle 194 has an opening 198 disposed opposite the outlet path 192 so that the syngas flows along the winding path.

With reference to FIG. 16, a top view of the quench chamber 184 is shown. As described above, the baffle 194 is disposed near the exit path 192 in the quench chamber 184. The baffle 194 defines an opening 194 disposed opposite the exit path 192 so that the syngas flows along the winding path.

In connection with FIG. 17, a quench chamber 200 is described. In the illustrated embodiment, the draft tube 202 is positioned to surround the dip tube 204 in the quench chamber 200. The cooled syngas is passed through an annular passage 206 formed between the dip tube 204 and the draft tube 202 toward the outlet path 208 of the quench chamber 200. A shaved or circular baffle 210 is disposed near the exit path 208 surrounding the dip tube 204 and the draft tube 202 in the quench chamber 200. The syngas is cooled by contacting the liquid coolant 212 in the quench chamber 200.

In connection with FIG. 18, a quench chamber 201 is described. In the illustrated embodiment, a symmetrical baffle 203 is disposed near the exit path 205 surrounding the dip tube 207 and the draft tube 209 in the quench chamber 201.

In connection with FIG. 19, a quench chamber 200 is described. This embodiment is the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. In the illustrated embodiment, the draft tube 202 is positioned to surround the dip tube 204 in the quench chamber 200. The cooled syngas is passed through an annular passage 206 formed between the dip tube 204 and the draft tube 202 toward the outlet path 208 of the quench chamber 200. A baffle 210 is disposed near the exit path 208 surrounding the dip tube 204 and the draft tube 202 in the quench chamber 200. In the illustrated embodiment, the baffle 210 is a faceted baffle. The illustrated baffle 210 includes a plurality of splash plates 214, 216, 218, 220, 222, 224, 226. The baffle 210 has an opening 227 opposite the exit path 208. In another embodiment, plates 224 and 226 are also removed to allow baffle 210 to have a larger opening that will further reduce syngas flow rate and facilitate removal of entrained liquid content from the syngas. Can be. The baffle 210 has a shorter edge opposite the exit path 208. The baffle side near the outlet path 208 extends down towards the liquid coolant 212 to provide a serpentine path for syngas flow. This allows syngas to flow towards the opening of the baffle 210 at the opposite end where there is a very large area that will reduce syngas flow rate and facilitate removal of the accompanying liquid content from the syngas. It should be noted here that the baffle 210 is angled upwards towards the opposite end of the outlet path 208 for pressure relief.

With reference to FIG. 20, faceted baffle 228 is described. In the illustrated embodiment, the faceted baffle 228 includes a chevron type mesh 230 instead of the splash plate shown in FIG. 19. Chevron mesh 230 includes a plurality of drain traps 232 supported by bolts 234. Chevron mesh 230 allows the syngas to pass through and removes the accompanying liquid contents from the syngas. In alternative embodiments, some of the plates 214, 216, 218, 220, 222, 224, 226 of the baffle 210 shown in FIG. 19 may be partially replaced by the chevron mesh 230.

With reference to FIG. 21, one of the splash plates 214 of the baffle 210 is described. In the illustrated embodiment, a plurality of vertical strip portions are removed from the splash plate 214 to form corresponding cutouts 236. The metal pieces 238 that are slightly larger in height and width of the cutouts 236 are arranged to form an overlap of each cutout 236. The metal piece 238 is attached to the splash plate 214 with spacers 240 disposed therebetween to allow a meandering path for gas flow through the cutout 236 of the plate 214.

In connection with FIG. 22, one of the splash plates 224 is described. In the illustrated embodiment, a plurality of channels or gussets 242 are installed on the inner surface of the splash plate 224. Gusset 242 is angled such that the accompanying liquid contents flow down splash plate 224 into the trough of the baffle.

In connection with FIG. 23, a quench chamber 244 is described. In the embodiment shown, the draft tube 246 is positioned to surround the dip tube 246 in the quench chamber 244. The cooled syngas is passed through an annular passageway 250 formed between the dip tube 248 and the draft tube 246 toward the outlet path 252 of the quench chamber 244. The baffle 254 is disposed near the exit path 252 in the quench chamber 244. The baffle 254 may be a symmetric baffle or an asymmetric baffle. In addition, a spiral baffle 256 may be disposed within the annular passage 250 and designed to induce a swirl or rotational flow pattern of syngas through the annular passage 250. Rotating flow can increase the syngas flow path within the quench chamber 244, which in turn can increase the pressure drop to reduce fluid flow fluctuations. In addition, the baffle 256 can reduce the entrainment of water and ash in the syngas, which can enhance helical flow. Moreover, the extended flow path of syngas in the quench chamber 244 can improve thermal conductivity. In general, the spiral baffle 256 may generate a serpentine path to the flow of syngas in the quench chamber 244.

 In connection with FIG. 24, a quench chamber 258 is described. In the illustrated embodiment, draft tube 260 is positioned to surround dip tube 262 in quench chamber 258. The cooled syngas is passed through an annular passage 264 formed between the dip tube 262 and the draft tube 260 toward the outlet path 266 of the quench chamber 258. The baffle 268 is disposed near the exit path 266 in the quench chamber 258. The baffle 268 may be a symmetric baffle or an asymmetric baffle. In the illustrated embodiment, the baffle 268 can be angled to divert the accompanying liquid contents away from the lip of the baffle 268, thereby reducing the entrainment of the liquid contents in the syngas discharged. And an extension 270.

With respect to FIG. 25, baffle 268 is shown. As described above, in the illustrated embodiment, the baffle 268 is disposed near the exit path in the quench chamber. In the illustrated embodiment, the baffle 268 includes an extension 270 that can extend along nearly one third of the inner circumference 272 of the baffle 268. Moreover, in some embodiments, the extension 146 may include a trough to divert the accompanying liquid contents away from the lower lip of the extension 146.

With reference to FIGS. 26 and 27, side and plan cross-sectional views of a gasification quench chamber baffle are described, respectively, in accordance with aspects of the present invention. Gasification quench chamber baffle, or baffle 310, includes a ring 318 having an approximately vertical longitudinal axis. The ring 318 has a plurality of extensions 316 extending downward from the ring 318. Extending to the plurality of extensions 316 is a plurality of gussets or gusset plates 314. As shown in FIG. 26, the plurality of gussets 314 have an inclined configuration to help guide water towards the plurality of extensions 316 and into the liquid coolant in the quench chamber 300 (FIG. 28). . There may be a structural or attachment element 302 configured to help attach the baffle 310 to the quench chamber 300 at or near the top of the baffle 310.

With reference to FIG. 28, a portion of the quench chamber 300 is described. This embodiment is similar in some respects to the embodiment shown in FIG. The baffle 310 includes at least one of a plurality of gussets 314 and a plurality of extensions 315 configured to provide an outlet path for the entrained liquid contents collected on the side 312 of the baffle 310. . The collected liquid content is guided downward along gusset 314 towards extension 316. The ends of the extension 316 and / or gusset 314 may be partially submerged in the liquid coolant 168 in the quench chamber 300. Although the outer periphery of baffle 310 (eg, ring 318 and gusset 314) is depicted vertically, other configurations are possible under aspects of the present invention. For example, the outside of the baffle 310 may be slightly inwardly inclined toward its lower end, such that the axis of the ring 318 and gusset may be from vertical, for example 5 degrees. Other angles are possible without departing from aspects of the invention. This angulation can further help to effectively collect moisture in the baffle 310 and thus direct it to the quench chamber sump.

29 and 31, side and plan cross-sectional views of a gasification quench chamber baffle are described, respectively, in accordance with aspects of another embodiment of the present invention. Gasification quench chamber baffle, or baffle 350, includes a ring 360 having an approximately vertical longitudinal axis. The ring 360 has a plurality of gussets 356 connected to the plurality of pipes 354. As shown in FIG. 29, the plurality of gussets 356 have an inclined configuration to help guide water towards the plurality of pipes 354 and to the liquid coolant 168 in the quench chamber 300 ( 32). There may be a structural or attachment element 302 configured to help attach the baffle 350 to the quench chamber 300 at or near the top of the baffle 350. As particularly shown in FIG. 31, an additional plate or guide 357 may be positioned adjacent the top 358 of the pipe 354. The plate or guide 357 is located inside the fuselage of the pipe 354. In this way, the collected water is guided more effectively toward the pipe 354. By effectively guiding the moisture by the gusset 354 and / or the guide 357 into the pipe 354 and the sump (bottom), moisture re-entrainment into the syngas is alleviated and / or entirely prevented.

30A and 30B, close-up front views of two configurations of contacts between the pipe 354 and the guide gusset 356 of the baffle 350 are shown (see FIG. 29). Gussets 356 may be configured such that they incline directly towards top 358 of pipe 354 (see, eg, FIG. 30A). In another embodiment, the gussets 356 may be configured such that they incline toward the upper end 358 of the pipe 354 but the upper end 358 extends higher than the bottom end of the inclined gusset 356 ( See, eg, FIG. 30B). In any case, gusset 356 is so configured and tilted such that the collected liquid is guided to liquid coolant 168 in pipe 354 within quench chamber 300.

With reference to FIG. 32, a portion of the quench chamber 300 is described. This embodiment is similar in some respects to the embodiment shown in FIG. Baffle 350 includes at least one of a plurality of gussets 356 and a plurality of pipes 354 configured to provide an outlet path for accompanying liquid contents collected on side 312 of baffle 350. . The collected liquid content is directed downward along gusset 356 towards pipe 354. The lower end of the pipe 354 may be partially submerged in the liquid coolant 168 in the quench chamber 300. Although the outer periphery structure of baffle 350 (eg, ring 360, gusset 356, pipe 354) is depicted vertically, other configurations are possible under aspects of the present invention. For example, the outside of the baffle 350 may be inclined slightly inward toward its lower end so that the axes of the ring 360 and gusset 356 may be from vertical, for example 5 degrees. Other angles are possible without departing from aspects of the invention. This angulation may further help to effectively collect moisture into the baffle 350 and thus direct it to the quench chamber sump.

The companion mitigation mechanisms depicted in FIGS. 1-32 can be used individually or in combination with each other. Moreover, as can be appreciated, the relative size, shape, and coupling structure of the companion mitigation mechanisms can vary. The companion mitigation mechanism may be used in the quench chamber during initial fabrication, or the companion mitigation mechanism may be mounted in existing quench units. In addition, the companion mitigation mechanism can be adjusted based on operational parameters, such as carbonaceous fuel, system efficiency, system load, or type of environmental conditions, in particular, to achieve a desired flow rate attenuation.

This written description, including the best mode, includes examples for describing the present invention, including fabricating and using any device or system, and performing any integrated methods, which will enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention. Use examples to make it possible. The patentable scope of the invention is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Examples of such other examples are intended to be included within the scope of the claims if such other examples have structural elements that are not different from those described in the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with subtle differences from those described in the claims. It is intended to be.

While only certain features of the invention have been shown and described herein, many modifications and variations will occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, it is to be understood that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications and variations as appear within the true spirit of the invention.

10 carburetor
12 barrels
14 combustion chamber
16 quench chamber
18 fireproof wall
20 burner
22, 26 route
24 years source
28 gas source
30 Pressurized Source
32 liquid coolant
34 outlet
36 stenosis
38 dip tubes
42 quench ring
44 Bottom
46 draft tubes
50 annular passage
52 exit route
54 Asymmetric or Symmetrical Baffles
58 deflector plate

Claims (10)

In the gasification quench chamber apparatus (310, 350),
Rings 318 and 360 having a generally vertical longitudinal axis;
A plurality of pipes 354 attached to the rings 318, 360, each having an upper end 358 and a lower end, the plurality of lower ends being downwards toward a sump in the gasification quenching chamber 300. Such a plurality of pipes 354 extending; And
A plurality of gussets 314, 356 configured to guide water towards the upper ends 358 of the plurality of pipes 354.
Gasification quench chamber apparatus. The method of claim 1,
The plurality of pipes 354 extend beyond the bottom edge of the rings 318, 360,
Gasification quench chamber apparatus. The method of claim 1,
The plurality of pipes 354 are evenly spaced about the circumference of the rings 318, 360,
Gasification quench chamber apparatus. The method of claim 1,
The plurality of pipes 354 have a substantially vertical axis in the axial direction,
Gasification quench chamber apparatus. The method of claim 1,
The rings 318, 360 are polygonal,
Gasification quench chamber apparatus. The method of claim 4, wherein
Each of the plurality of pipes 354 is attached to the corner of the polygonal ring (318, 360),
Gasification quench chamber apparatus. The method of claim 1,
The rings 318, 360 are circular,
Gasification quench chamber apparatus. The method of claim 1,
The cross section of each of the plurality of pipes 354 is circular,
Gasification quench chamber apparatus. The method of claim 1,
An upper end 358 of the plurality of pipes 354 is adjacent to a bottom of the plurality of gussets 314, 356,
Gasification quench chamber apparatus. The method of claim 1,
At least one of the rings 318, 360, the plurality of pipes 354, and the plurality of gussets 314, 356 are inclined inward from the bottom of the device,
Gasification quench chamber apparatus.

Images